Refrigerator

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search "Fridge" and "Freezer" redirect here. For other uses, see Fridge (disambiguation) and Freezer (disambiguation). For other uses, see Refrigerator (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2009)
A side-by side refrigerator

A typical refrigerator with its door open

A refrigerator (colloquially fridge) is a common household appliance that consists of a thermally insulated compartment and a heat pump (mechanical, electronic, or chemical) that transfers heat from the inside of the fridge to its external environment so that the inside of the fridge is cooled to a temperature below the ambient temperature of the room. Cooling is a popular food storage technique in developed countries and works by decreasing or even arresting the reproduction rate of bacteria. The device is thus used to reduce the rate of spoilage of foodstuffs.

A refrigerator maintains a temperature a few degrees above the freezing point of water. Optimum temperature range for perishable food storage is 3 to 5 C (37 to 41 F).[1] A similar device which maintains a temperature below the freezing point of water is called a freezer. The refrigerator is a relatively modern invention among kitchen appliances. It replaced the icebox, which had been a common household appliance for almost a century and a half prior. For this reason, a refrigerator is sometimes referred to as an icebox.

Contents

[show] 1 Freez er 2 Comm ercial and dome stic refrig erator s 3 Styles of refrig erator s 4 Histor y 5 Gener al techni cal expla nation 6 Featur es 7 Types of dome stic refrig erator s 8 Energ y efficie ncy 9

Effect on lifesty le 10 Temp eratur e zones and rating s 1 0 . 1 R e c y c l i n g 11 See also 12 Notes and refere nces

13 Exter nal links

[edit] Freezer
Freezer units are used in households and in industry and commerce. Most household freezers maintain temperatures from -10 to 0 F (-23 to -18 C), although some freezer-only units can achieve 30 F (34 C), and lower. Refrigerators generally do not achieve lower than -10 F (23 C), since the same coolant loop serves both compartments: Lowering the freezer compartment temperature excessively causes difficulties in maintaining above-freezing temperature in the refrigerator compartment. Domestic freezers can be included as a separate

compartment in a refrigerator, or can be a separate appliance. Domestic freezers are generally upright units resembling refrigerators, or chests (resembling upright units laid on their backs). Many upright modern freezers come with an ice dispenser built into their door.

[edit] Commercial and domestic refrigerators

Commercial refrigerator and freezer units, which go by many other names, were in use for almost 40 years prior to the common home models. They used gas systems such as anhydrous ammonia (R-717) or sulfur dioxide (R-764), which occasionally leaked, making them unsafe for home use and industrial purposes. Practical household refrigerators were introduced in 1915 and gained wider acceptance in the United States in the 1930s as prices fell and non-toxic, nonflammable synthetic refrigerants such as Freon-12 (R-12) were introduced, however R-12 damaged the ozone layer, causing governments to issue a ban on its use in new refrigerators and air-conditioning systems in 1994. The less harmful replacement for R-12, R-134a (tetrafluoroethane), has only been in common use since 1990, but R-12 is still found in many old systems today.

[edit] Styles of refrigerators

The examples and perspective in this section deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article and discuss the issue on the talk page.
(September 2010)

Frigidaire Imperial "Frost Proof" model FPI-16BC-63, top refrigerator/bottom freezer with brushed chrome door finish made by General Motors Canada in 1963

Most households use the freezer on top and refrigerator on bottom style, which has been the basic style since the 1940s.

Traditional style 1940s to present. Freezer top/refrigerator bottom (although most of the earlier models, some of the cheaper later models, and still some mini-fridges use the "freezer chest", or what is known as the "freezer in the fridge"). A separate freezer compartment not located within the larger refrigerator compartment became the industry standard during the early- to mid-1960s. Side by side style introduced by Amana in 1949 but not popular until 1965 present; left side is freezer and the right is refrigerator. Top refrigerator/bottom freezer style mid-1950s to present. French door style late 1990s-present. Two French doors for refrigerator and bottom freezer.

In the early-1950s, most refrigerators were white, but from the mid-1950s through present day, designers and manufacturers put color into refrigerators. In the late-1950s/early-1960s, colors like turquoise and pink were popular, brushed chrome plating (similar to stainless finish) was available on some models from different brands. In the 1970s, common colors were Harvest Gold, Avocado Green and almond. In the 1980s, black was viewed as luxurious. In the late 1990s, stainless steel became stylish, and in 2009, one manufacturer introduced multi-color designs.[2] Many refrigerators can be blended into the cabinetry of the kitchen with panels that can slide over the doors for a built-in look. Most home refrigerators weigh between 200 pounds (91 kg) and 450 pounds (200 kg), with some models weighing up to 875 pounds

Domestic Refrigerator Market in India 2012 - Sample Presentation Transcript

1. Domestic Refrigerator Market Domestic Refrigerator Market IndiaJanuary 2012 2. Executive Summary Refrigerator segment stands to be one of the fastest growing commodity in the white goods segment Market Refrigerator market is currently valued at INR A bn and is expected to reach INR B bn by Direct cool segments stands to dominate the market 20XXXX Export and Imports have declined by c % and d % respectively in 20XXXX p p y p yExport Import Country A and Country B have been the dominant exporters of refrigerators in 20XXXX Country C and Country D were major importers of refrigerators in 20XXXX Drivers Challenges Increasing disposable income Market constraints Drivers & Growth in retail sector Low acceptance in rural areas Improving social indicators Environmental hazards Challenges Government Initiatives and product enhancement Easy terms of financing Major Players Co pet t o Competition Player 1 Player 2 Player 3 Player 4 Player 5 Player 6 DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 2

3. Market Overview M k O iExportImportDrivers & ChallengesCompetition CompetitionStrategic RecommendationsAppendix DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 3 4. Huge potential for refrigerator market exists owing to the constant increase in demand Indian Refrigerator Market Overview Market Size and Growth Refrigerator market in India is one of the fastest INR bn

growing segments of the consumer durable industry 200 While washing machines and AC have penetration levels of X % 150 a% and b% respectively, refrigerator alone has a penetration of c% 100 Owing to replacement needs, demand for Segment 1 50 is gradually shrinking; however, it is still more popular than Segment 2 0 20XX 20XX Refrigerator is considered to be a luxury commodity which witnesses higher sales during L and M Market Share (20XX) Market for refrigerators is highly organized and is dominated by major players, both domestic and Player 1 foreign firms, such as Player 1, Player 2 and Player 3 Player 2 Increasing per capita income coupled with Indias Increasing per capita income coupled with India s 35% Others Oth rapidly growing economy, the refrigerator market is 47% expected to grow strongly in the near future 18%Source: DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 4

5. Market Overview M k O iExportImportDrivers & ChallengesCompetition CompetitionStrategic RecommendationsAppendix DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 5 6. Decline in the value of rupee has led to a sharp fall in the total exports Exports Total exports (Value and Volume) Export markets for refrigerators have provided Value domestic manufacturers the opportunity to increase Volume 6,000 800 SAMPLE their revenues However, export value of refrigerators fell in FY 20XX 600 4,000 by a % from its level in FY 20XX 400 2,000 Country A Country B and Country C have been the Country A, Country B and Country C have been the 200 largest market for refrigerators in exported from India 0 0 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Segmentation Value (20XXXX) Segmentation Volume (20XXXX) Country 1 Country 1 19% Country 2 18% Country 2 37% Country 3 35% Country 3 12% Country 4 Country 4 15% Country 5 Country 5 12% Others Others 9% 9% 12% 12% 11%Source: DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 6

7. Market Overview M k O iExportImportDrivers & ChallengesCompetition CompetitionStrategic RecommendationsAppendix DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 7 8. Drivers & Challenges Summary Drivers Challenges Increasing disposable income Market constraints Growth in retail sector Low acceptance in rural areas Improving social indicators Environmental hazards Government Initiatives and product enhancement Easy terms of financing DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 8

9. Market Overview M k O iExportImportDrivers & ChallengesCompetition CompetitionStrategic RecommendationsAppendix DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 9 10. Public: Domestic Company Player 1 (1/3) Company Information Offices and Centres India Corporate Address Tel No. Fax No. Website Year of Incorporation p Ticker Symbol Stock Exchange Products and Services Products and Services Head Office Category Products/Services Category 1 Key People Name N Designation D i ti Category 2 Mr. A SAMPLE SAMPLE Mr. B Mr. C Mr. DSource: DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 10

11. Public: Domestic Company Player 1 (2/3) Financial Snapshot i i lS h Key Ratios K i yoy change Particulars 2010 2009 2008 Total Income (201009) Total Income Net Profit / Loss Net Profit Profitability Ratios 150 15 Operating Margin Net Margin N tM i 10 100 Profit Before Tax Margin 5 Return on Equity 50 0 Return on Capital Employed 0 5 Return on Working Capital 2008 2009 2010 Return on Assets Return on Fixed Assets R t Fi d A t Financial Summary Cost Ratios The company incurred a net loss of INR X mn in FY 20XX, as Operating costs (% of Sales) compared to net profit of INR Y mn in FY 20XX Administration costs (% of Sales) The company reported total Income of INR A bn in FY 20XX, SAMPLE SAMPLE Interest costs (% of Sales) registering an increase of b per cent over FY 20XX registering an increase of b per cent over FY 20XX Liquidity Ratios i idi i The company earned an operating margin of C per cent in FY 20XX a Current Ratio decrease of d percentage points over FY 20XX Cash Ratio Leverage Ratios The company reported debt to equity ratio of Z in FY 20XX, an Debt to Equity Ratio increase of W per cent over FY 20XX Debt to Capital RatioKey Financial Performance Indicators Interest Coverage Ratio Efficiency Ratios Indicators Value (29/12/2011) Fixed Asset Turnover

Market Capitalization (INR) Asset Turnover Total Enterprise Value (INR) Current Asset Turnover g p Working Capital Turnover EPS (INR) EPS (INR) Capital Employed Turnover PE Ratio (Absolute)Source: Improved Decline DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 11

12. Public: Domestic Company Player 1 (3/3) Key Business Segments Key Geographic Segments Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Category 1 Category 2100% 100% s1 s2 s3 s4 50% c1 c2 50% d1 d2 d3 g1 d4 0% v1 v2 0% 2007 2008 2009 2010 2009 2010 Key Recent Developments Description News Overview Player 1 is one of the oldest domestic player in the refrigerator segment The company plans to invest over INR X bn in 20XX to enhance its manufacturing capacity The company plans to invest over INR X bn in 20XX to enhance its manufacturing capacity Investments and researchSource: SAMPLE SAMPLE DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 12

13. Thank you for the attentionThe Domestic Refrigerator Market India report is part of Research on Indias Consumer Goods Series. For more detailed information or customized resear ch requirements please contact:Gaurav KumarPhone: +91 33 4064 6214EMail: [email protected] on India is a product of Netscribes (India) Pvt. Ltd. Research on India is dedic ated to disseminating information and providing quick Research on India is a product of Netscribes (India) Pvt Ltd Research on India is dedicated to disseminating information and providing quickinsights on hot industries in India and other emerging markets. Track our new releases and major updates in the se industries onAbout NetscribesNetscribes is a knowledgeconsulting and solutions firm with clientele across the globe . The companys expertise spans areas of investment & g g f g p y p p fbusiness research, business & corporate intelligence, contentmanagement services, and knowledgesoftware service s. At its core lies a true value proposition that draws upon a vast knowledge base. Netscribes is a onestop shop design ed to fulfil clients profitability and growth objectives.Disclaimer: This report is published for general information only. Although high standards have b een used the preparation, Research on India, Disclaimer: This report is published for general information only Although high standards have been used the preparation Research on IndiaNetscribes (India) Pvt. Ltd. or Netscribes is not responsible for any loss or damage arising from use of this docu ment. This document is the sole property of Netscribes (India) Pvt. Ltd. and prior permission is required for guidelines o n reproduction. DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR MARKET IN INDIA 2012.PPT 13

Market Segmentation

Psychographic
User status Benefit sought Brand loyalty

Behavioral

High risk

Trapped

Accessible True loyal Life style Personality Attitude

Refrigerators

Refrigerator:Market Share(2006)
Samsung16%LG29%Whirpool24%Ot her31%

Refrigerator:Overview Indian refrigerator market is valued at Rs. 40Billion in the year 2007-08 Refrigerators hold only 16% of consumerdurable market that is

valued at around Rs.200-250 Billion in India Its market is growing at the rate of 78%annually
LG: Single Door LG Direct C ool Refrigerators Price: Rs. 9,450 Rs. 15,750 C apacity: 185 l 270 l Features: Largest Vegetable Basket

 Base Stand with Drawer Target: Upper-Middle Lower-Middle

Samsung: Single Door Samsung Direct

C oolRefrigerators Price: Rs. 9,450 Rs. 15,750 C apacity: 190 l 230 l Features: Fresh Tech Scratch resistant Target: Upper-Middle

Lower-Middle

Whirlpool: Single Door Samsung Direct C oolRefrigerators Models: 2 Price: Rs. 8,850 Rs. 12,700 C apacity: 180 l 230 l Features:

Insulated chiller compartment Transparent internals Target: Lower-Middle

LG: Double Door LG Frost Free Refrigerators Models: 8 Price: Rs. 14,300 Rs. 60,900 C apacity: 240 l 604

l Features: Vitamin Plus Anti Bacteria Gasket Humidity controller Target: Lower-Upper Upper-Middle

Samsung: Double Door

Samsung Frost Free, BottomFreezer Refrigerators Models: 8 Price: Rs. 14,300 Rs. 60,900 C apacity: 375 l 570 l Features: C ool Select Zone Dispenser C

ool C urtain system Target: Lower-Upper Upper-Middle

Companys ability to maintain satisfying customer relationships requires an understanding of consumer buying behaviour. This refers to the buying behaviour of consumers who purchase products or services for their personal or household use. Consumers have limited time, energyand financial resources. Within the available resources, they make purchase and

consumptionchoices as they wish. Consumers purchasing decisions take place over a period of time. Theo v e r a l l g o a l d u r i n g t h i s decision process is to evaluate various alternatives and c h o o s e t h e product that satisfies the consumer in an optimal way. Consumers get influenced by severalmajor factors while they make their decisions. These factors can be grouped as: social, cultural, psychological personal factors etc.The consumers degree of interest in a product and the importance he/she places on this productd e t e r m i n e s t h e

consumers level of involvement. High-involvement p r o d u c t s a r e u s u a l l y expensive and are visible to other people such as a Diamond ring/jewellery or a Expensive car.Low-involvement products are less expensive and have less social risk associated with them suchas a cup of coffee or daily consumption items.When buying frequently purchased, low-cost mundane items that require very little search andd e c i s i o n e f f o r t , they demonstrate routinized response behaviour. When buying productsoccasionally or when they need to get information about an unfamiliar brand in a familiar product category, they use limited problem solving. When they buy

u n f a m i l i a r , e x p e n s i v e products, they use extended problem solving.

Specs: 4 wide and 72 high plus an 8 space at the top for your branding Marked in inches and centimeters Grommet at top so it can be hung and put away between measurements if you choose (pictured to right) Printed on durable vinyl Peel-off backing if you prefer to stick it on the wall 6 standard backgrounds with more in the works Branding You can add a vertical phrase stretching up to 6. Some examples are an insurance agent using the slogan Growing With Your Family or a slogan referring to the quality of service

Taking You to New Heights, How do we measure up etc. There is a 4 x 8 space at the top to add your branding Branding can be added anywhere. You can use your own colors. Pricing 10 Wall Growth Charts with your branding $12.50 each 25 Wall Growth Charts with your branding $ 10.00 each This is a limited time offer (expires July 31, 2011) Minimum order 10 units Price includes adding your branding Custom orders add $ 75.00 for one-time set-up. Delivery extra In Canada add HST Lead time 7 days or less

Samples We will be setting up a website soon, but in the interim full size, 72 samples can be viewed here on my blog. Soon there will be 12 stock backgrounds to choose from. Colourful Background With Branding Dinosaur Growth Chart Green Swirls Growth Chart Ruler Growth Chart Shopping Centre Growth Chart Under The Sea Growth Chart Additional information can be found by clicking here. Samples of personal branding can be viewed by clicking here. Call me, Mike Blaney at 604-618-5512 or 800568-8338 if you have any questions or to place your order. There is no limit to what we can design for you. If you dont see something you like give us some ideas and we will do our best to deliver.

Posted in Client Appreciation, Promotional items, Refrigerator Marketing | Leave a reply

Direct Mail Idea 4 Phone Number Directory

Posted on November 17, 2007

1 One of the secrets of direct mail is to connect with the recipient on a personal level. This can be achieved in a number of ways, but here is a simple direct mail idea that will make a lot of impact. Why? 1.It is unselfish and shows you are thinking about the recipient. 2.Said another way; it is about them not you. 3.It will be kept by the recipient for a long time as they complete it and the numbers are important to them. It is inexpensive as it can be printed in one or two colors on the back.The front of the card is

just for this example and could be much simpler. I picked a seasonal look, but it could be generic photos relevant to your business. When you are designing direct mail pieces keep in mind you do not have to shout out your name and contact information. In this example they will recognize it is from you and if they need to call you they can easily locate your phone number and website. (Front) (Back)