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Hypothesis Testing (Z)

This document outlines the process of hypothesis testing, including formulating null (H0) and alternative (H1) hypotheses, and performing Z-tests. It explains the differences between one-tailed and two-tailed tests, significance levels, and the steps involved in making decisions based on test results. An example is provided to illustrate the application of these concepts in a practical scenario.

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Muammar Awaluddin S
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8 views13 pages

Hypothesis Testing (Z)

This document outlines the process of hypothesis testing, including formulating null (H0) and alternative (H1) hypotheses, and performing Z-tests. It explains the differences between one-tailed and two-tailed tests, significance levels, and the steps involved in making decisions based on test results. An example is provided to illustrate the application of these concepts in a practical scenario.

Uploaded by

Muammar Awaluddin S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hypothesis

Testing
Statistika Dasar
23D11120502
By the end of this lesson,
we’ll be able to:
Formulating Hypotheses (H0 &
H1)

Perform Hypothesis testing


using Z-Test.

Making a decision based on the


result of Z-Test.
Hypothesis
a proposed explanation or statement
about a phenomenon that can be tested
through research and
experimentation.
Hypothesis
Testing
a statistical method used to make
inferences about a population based on
sample data.

It involves formulating hypotheses,


collecting data, and analyzing the
results to determine whether to accept
or reject a particular hypothesis.
Hypothesis Testing

Two-Tailed Test
Evaluates the possibility of the relationship in both directions.
This means it tests whether a parameter is significantly
different from a certain value, without specifying a direction.

One-Tailed Test
Evaluates the possibility of the relationship in one direction
only. This means it tests whether a parameter is either greater
than or less than a certain value, but not both.
1.

Formulating
Hypothesis
Formulating hypothesis null
(H0) and alternative hypothesis
(H1)
2.
Choosing a
Significance
Level (α)
Common choices are 0.05 (5%) or 0.01 (1%).
For a two-tailed test, the significance level is
split between the two tails of the
distribution.
3.
Collecting
Sample Data
Gather data from a sample
that will be used to test the
hypotheses.
Calculating the Test Statistic
4.

where:
1. X-bar = sample mean
2. μ = population mean
3. σ = Population standard deviation
4. n= sample size
5.
Finding the Critical
Region(s)
The critical region is determined
based on the Z value corresponding to
the significance level α

one tail test: 1-α


two tail test: 1-(α/2)
6.
Making a Decision
6.
Making a Decision
If the calculated Z value is within the critical region, then we

reject H₀.

Otherwise, we fail to reject H₀


Excercise

A company claims that their new process reduces the average time to

complete a task to 40 minutes. A quality control analyst suspects that the

true average time may be higher than the claimed 40 minutes. To test

this, the analyst collects a sample of 50 observations from workers using

the new process. The sample mean time to complete the task is 42

minutes, with a known population standard deviation of 5 minutes.

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