AI ModuleWise QstnBank
AI ModuleWise QstnBank
MCQ(1 Mark)
1. Who coined the term artificial intelligence in 1956
A) Marvin Minsky
B) Allen Newell
C) John McCarthy
D) Herbert A
2. The application/applications of Artificial Intelligence is/are
A) Expert Systems
B) Gaming
C) Vision Systems
D) All of the above
3. Artificial Intelligence is
A) Termed as Augmented Intelligence
B) Tool that uses computer to complete a task with little to no human intervention.
C) Teaching machines to learn, act and think like humans.
D) All of the above
4. What is the primary goal of machine learning in the context of artificial intelligence?
A) To create machines that can think like humans
B) To enable machines to learn from data and improve over time
C) To replace human workers in all jobs
D) To design hardware that is more efficient
5. Which term describes a type of AI that can perform tasks that are limited to a specific problem or
domain?
A) General AI
B) Quantum AI
C) Superintelligent AI
D) Narrow AI
6. What does NLP stand for in the context of AI?
A) Neural Learning Process
B) Networked Learning Protocol
C) Natural Language Processing
D) Non-Linear Programming
7. What is the primary purpose of computer vision in AI?
A) To enable machines to understand and process human language.
B) To allow machines to interpret and analyze visual information from the world.
C) To simulate human cognitive processes and reasoning.
D) To optimize decision-making processes based on historical data.
8.In which area of AI is Natural Language Processing (NLP) primarily used?
A) Analyzing and generating human language
B) Developing autonomous robots
C) Optimizing financial trading strategies
D) Enhancing computer vision capabilities
9.Which of the following is an example of narrow AI?
A) A general-purpose robot capable of performing a wide range of tasks.
B) An AI that can play chess at a grandmaster level.
C) A system designed to understand and generate human-like text across various topics.
D) An AI that can independently research and develop new theories in physics.
10.Among the given options, which search algorithm requires less memory?
A) Depth First Search
B) Breadth-First Search
C) Linear Search
D) Optimal Search
11. Which of the given language is not commonly used for AI?
A) LISP
B) PROLOG
C) Python
D) Perl
12. The component of an Expert system is .
A) Knowledge Base
B) Inference Engine
C) User Interface
D) All of the above
13. The available ways to solve a problem of state-space-search.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
14. Which term describes the common-sense of the judgmental part of problem-solving?
A) Heuristic
B) Critical
C) Analytical
D) Values-based
15. In state-space, the set of actions for a given problem is expressed by the .
A) Intermediate States
B) Successor function that takes current action and returns next state
C) Initial States
D) None of the above
16. Ways to achieve AI in real-life are .
A) Machine Learning
B) Deep Learning
C) Both a & b
D) None of the above
17. Game Alpha Go is an example for .
A) Reinforcement Learning
B)Supervised Learning
C)Unsupervised Learning
D)All of the above
18. was originally called ‘the Imitation game’.
a) The Turning Test
b) LISP
c) The Halting Problem
d) None of the above
19. is the informed search method.
a) Memory Bound Heuristic Search
b) A * Search
c) Best First Search
d) All of the above
20. Define Artificial Intelligence?
Answer) It is a branch of computer science by which we can create intelligent machines
which can behave like a human, think like humans, and able to make decisions
(OR)
Answer) AI ,is the technology that enables computers and machines to simulate human
intelligence and problem solving capabilities.
21. Write any two goals of AI?
Answer)1.Replicate human intelligence.
2.Building a machine which can perform tasks that require human intelligence. Such as:
Playing chess, Plan some surgical operations etc.
22. What is supervised learning?
16. Find the shortest path in the following using Best First Search algorithm, if S is the source
vertex and G is the destination vertex. Observe that the heuristic values are provided in the
table.
17. Find all possible paths between the source (S) and destination (G) vertices using A*algorithm
for the following graph. Calculate the cost of each path and identify the shortest path among
them.
18. Find all possible paths between the source (S) and destination (G) vertices using A*algorithm
for the following graph. Calculate the cost of each path and identify the shortest path among
them.
19. Identify the following graph and suggest the best algorithm that can solve it using
heuristics.Detail on the solution procedure with necessary steps.
Question Bank - MODULE 2
MCQ (1 Mark)
1. Inference engines work based on the principle of
A) Backward Chaining
B) Forward Chaining
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above
2. The proposition symbols in AI are
A) true and false
B) true, false, and null
C) true
D) false
3. What can be viewed as a single literal of disjunction?
A) Multiple clause
B) Combine clause
C) Unit clause
D) None of the above
4. Knowledge in AI can be represented as
A) First order Logic
B) Production Rules
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above
5. are the actions which occurs in the world.
A) Events
B) Objects
C) Facts
D) Performance
6 . The components retrieves data or information from the environment.
A) Perception
B) Learning
C) Execution
D) Planning
7.Frames consists of and .
A) Syntax and Semantics
B) Attributes and Values
C) Facts and Objects
D) Knowledge and Reasoning
1. Define Knowledge Representation. Mention the basic kinds of knowledge required by the
AI systems.
2. Explain any FOUR types of Knowledge representation in AI.
3. Explain Knowledge Representation Cycle in AI with a neat diagram.
4. Explain Components of First Order Logic.
5. Explain the following:
a) Resolution b) Unification c) Model Checking
6. Find the truth values of the Predicates.
a) Let p(x) denotes the statement “the word x contains the letter ‘a’ “. What are the
truth values of p(Orange), p(Lemon), p(true) and p(false)
b) Let q(x,y) denotes “x is the capital of y”. What are the truth values of
q(Delhi,India),q(New York ,New York) and q(Srilanka,Colombo)
c) If p(x) denotes (x<4) then what are the truth values of p(0),p(6) and p(10).
7. Describe Horn clauses and classify their types with suitable examples.
8. Using Semantic Network notation, illustrate the relationships in the given statements
a. Tom is a cat
b. Cat is a mammal
c. Mammal is an animal
d. Tom is coloured in white.
e. Cat likes fish
f. Cat sat on the mat
g. Tom is owned by John
9. Explain any THREE advantages of forward chaining.
10. Explain forward reasoning with examples.
11. Explain Backward reasoning with examples.
12. Explain why knowledge representation is difficult in medical diagnosis.
MCQ (1 Mark)
• A) Image recognition
• B) Speech recognition
• C) Video processing
• D) Game development
• A) Language translation
• B) Image classification
• C) Chatbots
• D) Text summarization
• A) Weather forecasting
• B) Speech recognition
• C) Stock market prediction
• D) Image editing
• A) Tokenization
• B) Data Collection
• C) Feature Extraction
• D) Text Preprocessing
8. Which of the following processes involves converting text into a structured format?
A) Parsing
B) Tokenization
D) Lemmatization
9. During which step are common words like 'the', 'is', and 'and' removed from the text?
• A) Tokenization
• B) Stop Word Removal
• C) Stemming
• D) Part-of-Speech Tagging
• A) Translate text
• B) Normalize words to their root forms
• C) Analyze sentiment
• D) Classify text
11. Which of the following properties is true about a context-free grammar (CFG)?
• A) Tokenization
• B) Lemmatization
• C) Part-of-speech tagging
• D) Data augmentation
• Text tokenization
• B) Word embedding
• C) Model evaluation
• D) Data mining
22. Which of the following methods is used to break down a text into sentences?
• Lemmatization
• B) Tokenization
• C) Sentence segmentation
• D) Stopword removal
23. Which of the following is a technique used to handle misspelled words in NLP?
• A) Tokenization
• B) Spelling correction
• C) Lemmatization
• D) Named entity recognition
24. Which technique is used to assign words their base or dictionary form?
• Lemmatization
• B) Tokenization
• C) Stopword removal
• D) Word2Vec
25. Which of the following is a type of token that is generally removed in NLP
preprocessing?
• A) Nouns
• B) Verbs
• C) Stopwords
• D) Named entities
• Tokenization
• B) Lemmatization
• C) Part-of-speech tagging
• D) Stopword removal
29. Which of the following NLP steps involves identifying the part of speech (POS) for
each word in a sentence?
• Lemmatization
• B) Part-of-speech tagging
• C) Named entity recognition
• D) Tokenization
31. Which of the following is NOT typically part of the text preprocessing pipeline in
NLP?
• Tokenization
• B) Lemmatization
• C) Text normalization
• D) Support vector machine training
35. Which of the following is a common method for syntactic parsing in NLP?
• a) Rule-based parsing
• b) Neural network-based parsing
• c) Statistical parsing
• d) All of the above
36. Which algorithm is commonly used for context-free grammar (CFG) parsing?
• a) Dijkstra's algorithm
• b) Earley’s algorithm
• c) K-means algorithm
• d) Naive Bayes classifier
• a) Top-down parsing
• b) Bottom-up parsing
• c) Left-to-right parsing
• d) Forward parsing
38. What is the advantage of using dependency parsing over constituency parsing?
41. Which parser would be most suitable for handling ambiguous grammar in NLP?
• a) CYK parser
• b) LL parser
• c) Recursive descent parser
• d) Earley parser
1. Describe the complete NLP pipeline and explain the significance of each step in
transforming raw text into meaningful insights.
2. Examine the importance of parsing in NLP. What role does it play in understanding the
syntactic structure of sentences?
7. How does dependency parsing differ from constituency parsing in terms of syntactic
analysis?
8. Discuss the Basic Steps in the NLP Pipeline and Explain the Role of Each Step in
Preprocessing Text Data.
9. Explain the Process of Tokenization in NLP and Discuss Its Importance in Preprocessing Text
Data.
10. What Are the Main Parsing Techniques Used in NLP? Discuss the Difference Between Top-
Down and Bottom-Up Parsing Approaches
o A) Human emotions
o B) Basic math calculations
o C) Decision-making abilities of a human expert
o D) Internet browsing
o Answer: C
2. In which field was MYCIN developed for use?
o A) Finance
o B) Medicine
o C) Engineering
o D) Education
o Answer: B
3. What component of an expert system stores domain-specific information?
o A) Inference Engine
o B) User Interface
o C) Knowledge Base
o D) Database
o Answer: C
4. What type of reasoning does the inference engine use to apply rules?
o A) Deductive and Inductive
o B) Forward and Backward Chaining
o C) Lateral and Vertical Thinking
o D) Probabilistic and Deterministic Reasoning
o Answer: B
5. Which of the following is NOT a component of an expert system?
o A) Knowledge Base
o B) Inference Engine
o C) Random Number Generator
o D) User Interface
o Answer: C
6. The primary function of the inference engine is to:
o A) Display output
o B) Apply rules from the knowledge base to make decisions
o C) Update the knowledge base
o D) Improve system design
o Answer: B
7. Which type of inference engine operates with certainty?
o A) Probabilistic
o B) Deterministic
o C) Adaptive
o D) Random
o Answer: B
8. What is the primary purpose of MYCIN?
o A) Computer configuration
o B) Medical diagnosis
o C) Financial planning
o D) Customer service automation
o Answer: B
9. In XCON, what process is used to match components and configurations?
o A) Probabilistic reasoning
o B) Forward chaining
o C) Machine learning
o D) Random sampling
o Answer: B
10. In which company was XCON developed?
o A) IBM
o B) Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
o C) Apple
o D) Microsoft
o Answer: B
11. A rule in a knowledge base is often written as:
o A) Statement-Conclusion
o B) Cause-Effect
o C) If-Then
o D) Input-Output
o Answer: C
12. What is the primary role of a user interface in an expert system?
o A) To process data
o B) To allow interaction between the user and the system
o C) To store data
o D) To analyze trends
o Answer: B
13. What does XCON’s inference engine ensure for the VAX system configuration?
o A) Accurate diagnosis
o B) Compatibility of components
o C) Cost reduction
o D) Easy maintenance
o Answer: B
14. Which type of chaining starts with a goal and works backward to find evidence?
o A) Forward chaining
o B) Side chaining
o C) Backward chaining
o D) Linear chaining
o Answer: C
15. Expert systems are widely used in which of the following fields?
o A) Medicine
o B) Finance
o C) Engineering
o D) All of the above
o Answer: D
16. What type of knowledge acquisition method includes observing experts in action?
o A) Protocol Analysis
o B) Interview
o C) Observation
o D) Case Study
o Answer: C
17. Genetic Algorithms are inspired by:
o A) Human reasoning
o B) Laws of physics
o C) Principles of natural selection
o D) Mathematical equations
o Answer: C
18. Which expert system was specifically developed for bacterial infection diagnosis?
o A) R1
o B) INTERNIST
o C) MYCIN
o D) CLIPS
o Answer: C
19. Neural networks are based on:
o A) Logical operators
o B) Human brain structure
o C) Simple calculations
o D) Physics laws
o Answer: B
20. Which component in an expert system provides explanations for its decisions?
o A) Knowledge Base
o B) Inference Engine
o C) Explanation Facility
o D) User Interface
o Answer: C
21. Which component of an expert system helps keep track of data during a session?
o A) User Interface
o B) Working Memory
o C) Knowledge Base
o D) Explanation Facility
o Answer: B
22. In expert systems, knowledge acquisition is important because it:
o A) Updates the system's software
o B) Gathers and organizes knowledge from experts
o C) Simplifies the user interface
o D) Enhances the display features
o Answer: B
23. Which type of inference engine would be suitable for applications needing high
accuracy and consistent outcomes?
o A) Probabilistic
o B) Deterministic
o C) Adaptive
o D) Heuristic
o Answer: B
24. What is a significant benefit of using expert systems in customer support?
o A) Providing varied answers to the same question
o B) Offering consistent and fast responses
o C) Reducing the need for training employees
o D) Automatically designing new products
o Answer: B
25. Which of the following is a reason why an expert system would be chosen over a human
expert?
o A) It can learn from its experiences
o B) It can provide expertise 24/7 without fatigue
o C) It can make ethical decisions
o D) It can build new knowledge independently
o Answer: B
26. What type of learning does a genetic algorithm typically represent?
o A) Supervised Learning
o B) Unsupervised Learning
o C) Evolutionary Learning
o D) Reinforcement Learning
o Answer: C
27. Which method is commonly used in expert systems to structure knowledge in a way
that machines can interpret?
o A) Flowcharts
o B) If-then rules
o C) Graphs
o D) Spreadsheets
o Answer: B
28. The term "domain-specific" in expert systems refers to:
o A) Focusing on one area of expertise, like medicine or finance
o B) Being able to apply knowledge to any subject
o C) Creating knowledge in multiple unrelated areas
o D) Avoiding the use of any specific terminology
o Answer: A
29. Which AI field benefits the most from using neural networks for complex pattern
recognition?
o A) Inventory management
o B) Image and speech recognition
o C) Financial planning
o D) Simple data sorting
o Answer: B
30. In a genetic algorithm, what is the main purpose of the mutation step?
o A) To enhance user interaction
o B) To introduce diversity within the population
o C) To train the user on system rules
o D) To simplify the solution
o Answer: B
31. In MYCIN, what system was introduced to handle uncertainty in diagnosis?
o A) Knowledge Graphs
o B) Fuzzy Logic
o C) Certainty Factors
o D) Bayesian Inference
o Answer: C
32. Which type of inference engine would be suitable for handling ambiguous information?
o A) Deterministic
o B) Probabilistic
o C) Heuristic
o D) Manual
o Answer: B
33. In expert systems, “knowledge acquisition” refers to:
o A) Gathering and structuring expert knowledge for the system
o B) Displaying output to the user
o C) Designing user-friendly interfaces
o D) Implementing inference rules
o Answer: A
34. How does a forward-chaining inference engine process information?
o A) It works backward from a conclusion
o B) It starts with given facts and applies rules to infer conclusions
o C) It combines random elements to find solutions
o D) It only uses deterministic rules
o Answer: B
35. The MYCIN system primarily relied on what type of rules?
o A) Stochastic rules
o B) Hard-coded algorithms
o C) If-then rules
o D) Statistical models
o Answer: C
36. In XCON, what happens if an additional cooling unit is required?
o A) The system will request an engineer to install it manually
o B) The system automatically adds it to the configuration
o C) The customer is notified for additional purchases
o D) The system cancels the configuration process
o Answer: B
37. Which feature makes MYCIN capable of explaining its reasoning?
o A) Backward chaining
o B) Explanation facility
o C) User interface
o D) Heuristic processing
o Answer: B
38. An expert system designed for financial fraud detection would likely use which
inference method?
o A) Deterministic
o B) Probabilistic
o C) Genetic Algorithm
o D) Neural Network
o Answer: B
39. What does the term "scalability" refer to in the context of expert systems?
o A) Ability to solve basic problems
o B) Extending expert system support across multiple locations or departments
o C) Limiting the system to one domain
o D) Reducing system size over time
o Answer: B
40. Which stage of knowledge acquisition involves organizing data into usable formats for
the system?
o A) Knowledge Structuring
o B) Knowledge Validation
o C) Knowledge Updating
o D) Data Analysis
o Answer: A
41. Which limitation prevented MYCIN from being clinically deployed in real healthcare
settings?
o A) Lack of accuracy
o B) Dependency on hardware
o C) Legal and ethical concerns
o D) Expensive maintenance
o Answer: C
42. In XCON, what would happen if a peripheral device was found incompatible with the
configuration?
o A) It would alert the engineer to replace or adjust the device.
o B) The system would remove the device automatically.
o C) The system would proceed without the device.
o D) It would attempt to modify the device settings.
o Answer: A
43. Certainty factors in MYCIN were used to:
o A) Guarantee accuracy of diagnosis
o B) Express the level of confidence in diagnoses
o C) Eliminate uncertain diagnoses
o D) Provide user interface feedback
o Answer: B
45, In an expert system, the “explanation facility” enhances which key aspect?
o A) Complexity
o B) Transparency
o C) Speed
o D) Automation
o Answer: B
46. Which knowledge acquisition method involves experts verbalizing their thought process as
they solve a problem?
o A) Document Analysis
o B) Observation
o C) Protocol Analysis
o D) Case Study
o Answer: C
SECTION B – FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS:
(Understanding Level: 1-3, Application Level: 4-6, Analysis Level: 7,8, Evaluation Level: 9,
10)
1. Explain the primary purpose of an expert system and provide examples of fields where
expert systems are commonly used.
2. Describe the components of an expert system and briefly explain the role each
component plays in the system’s functionality.
3. What is the difference between deterministic and probabilistic inference engines in
expert systems? Provide examples of scenarios where each might be used.
4. Using MYCIN as a case study, explain how a knowledge base and inference engine
work together to assist with medical diagnosis.
5. Apply the concept of backward chaining in expert systems to a real-world problem (e.g.
diagnosing issues in a vehicle).
6. Illustrate how genetic algorithms mimic the process of natural selection.
7. Analyze the role of the explanation facility in expert systems and discuss its importance
in building trust among users.
8. Identify whether chatGPT is an expert system. Justify your reasons.
9. Discuss the strengths and limitations of rule-based reasoning in expert systems. What
challenges might arise when applying rule-based systems to complex, real-world
problems?
9. Evaluate the effectiveness of learning automation in AI by comparing traditional expert
systems with modern AI models that can adapt and update from new data. Discuss the
benefits and limitations of each approach.
10. Critically assess the ethical and practical challenges of deploying expert systems in
high-stakes fields, such as healthcare. What considerations must be addressed to ensure
these systems are reliable and trustworthy?
1. Explain in detail the components of an expert system. Describe the function of each
component and provide examples of how they work together to make decisions.
(Bloom’s Level: Understanding)
2. Describe the process of knowledge acquisition in expert systems. Discuss different methods used to
gather expert knowledge and explain how this knowledge is structuredwithin the system. (Bloom’s
Level: Understanding)
4. Describe the process of a genetic algorithm in detail. Explain each step and provide a practical
example of how a genetic algorithm could be used to solve a problem. (Bloom’s Level: Application)
5. Analyze the concept of learning by induction in AI. Explain how inductive learning derives general
rules from specific examples and discuss different methods of inductivelearning. Provide examples
of real-world problems where learning by induction wouldbe particularly effective. (Bloom’s Level:
Analysis)
5. Evaluate the role of neural networks in AI and discuss their impact on the field of machine learning.
Explain the structure of a neural network and the challenges neural networks face. (Bloom’s Level:
Evaluation)
6. Critically evaluate the role of expert systems in high-stakes fields like healthcare, finance, and
engineering. Discuss the ethical and practical challenges involved in deploying these systems,
including issues of trust, accountability, and the potential impact on human decision-making. What
measures could be taken to address these concerns and ensure reliable and fair outcomes? (Bloom’s
Level: Evaluation)
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