Database Systems

Lab Manual 1

Learning Objectives:
1. Install and configure the MySQL server to prepare a
working environment for database development and
management.
2. Create a new database named "Northwind" to understand the
basic process of setting up a database.
3. Restore database schema by executing scripts (e.g.,
northwind.sql) to comprehend how schema scripts define
database structure.
4. Populate the database with data using northwind_data.sql to
practice importing data into a structured database.
5. Create a new database to practice the fundamental steps of
setting up a database environment for structured data storage
and management
6. .Generate scripts for a database schema to understand how
database structures (e.g., tables, constraints) are defined and
exported.

LO1: Installation and Configuration of MySQL

Step 1: Download MySQL Installer
1. Open your browser and go to:
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/installer/
2. Select the larger installer (not the web installer) with the full
setup.
o Example: mysql-installer-community-x.x.x.msi.

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 3. Click Download and then "No thanks, just start my download"
to proceed without creating an account.

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Step 2: Launch the Installer
1. Navigate to your Downloads folder and double-click the
downloaded file to start the installation.
2. If prompted by Windows User Account Control, click Yes to
allow the installer to run.
Step 3: Select Setup Type
1. On the Setup Type screen:
o Choose Full (recommended for a complete installation
with all features).
2. Click Next.

Step 4: Install Required Components

1. On the Check Requirements screen, ensure all required
components are listed.
2. Click Execute to download and install the required components.
o If a license agreement pops up, click I Agree.
3. Wait for the process to complete, and then click Next.

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Step 5: Configuration
1. On the Product Configuration screen, click Next.

2. Type and Networking:

o Leave the default settings (e.g., Development Computer).
o Click Next.

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Step 6: Authentication Method
1. On the Authentication Method screen:
o Select "Use Strong Password Encryption for
Authentication (Recommended)".
2. Click Next.

Step 7: Set Root Password

1. On the Accounts and Roles screen:
o Enter a strong password for the root user.
▪ Example: Choose a mix of uppercase, lowercase,
numbers, and symbols.
o Important: Save this password securely, as it will be
required for accessing the database.
2. Click Next

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Step 8: Service Configuration
1. Leave the Windows Service Configuration settings as default.
o MySQL will automatically start as a service on system
boot.
2. Click Next.

Step 9: Apply Configuration

1. On the Apply Configuration screen, click Execute to apply all
settings.
2. Wait for the configuration process to complete.
3. Once completed, click Finish.

Step 10: Test Server Connection

1. On the Connect to Server screen:
o Enter the root username and the password you set earlier.
2. Click Check to verify the connection.
o If successful, you’ll see a confirmation message.
3. Click Next.
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Step 11: Finish Installation
1. On the final screen, click Finish to complete the installation.
2. If a MySQL console appears, you can close it.

Post-Installation Steps
1. Open MySQL Workbench or any MySQL-compatible client to
connect to your server.
2. Use the credentials (root and your password) to log in and begin
creating databases or executing SQL queries.

LO2: Create a new database named "Northwind" to

understand the basic process of setting up a database.
Step 1: Open MySQL Workbench
1. Launch MySQL Workbench from the Start Menu or desktop.
2. Under the "MySQL Connections" section:

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 o Click on your database connection (e.g., Local Instance
MySQL).
o Enter your root password (set during installation) if
prompted.

Step 2: Create a New Database

1. Once connected, navigate to the top menu and click on "File" >
"New Query Tab" (or press Ctrl+T).
2. In the query editor window, type the following SQL command:
CREATE DATABASE Northwind;
3. Click on the "Execute" button (lightning bolt icon) or press
Ctrl+Enter to run the command.
Step 3: Verify the Database Creation
1. On the left-hand Schema Browser pane, right-click and select
"Refresh All".
2. Look for the Northwind database in the list of schemas.
Step 4: Set Northwind as the Active Database
1. To ensure you're working with the Northwind database, execute
the following command:
USE Northwind;
2. Click on the "Execute" button to set Northwind as the current
database.
Step 5: Confirm the Database Exists
1. Run the following command to list all databases in your MySQL
instance:
SHOW DATABASES;
2. Verify that Northwind appears in the list of databases.
Additional Notes
• The Northwind database is now created, but it does not yet
contain any tables or data. You will populate it later using the
provided northwind.sql and northwind_data.sql scripts.
• If you encounter errors, ensure you are logged in with a user
account that has privileges to create databases.
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LO3: Restore database schema by executing to
comprehend how schema scripts define database structure.
Step 1: Download the Database Scripts
1. Download the northwind.sql file from https://shorturl.at/wUFhw
and store in a location to access later.
Step 2: Select the Target Database
1. In the left-hand Schemas pane:
o Right-click on the Northwind database.
o Select "Set as Default Schema" to ensure that all
operations target this database.
Step 3: Open the Schema Script
1. In the top menu, click on File > Open SQL Script.
2. Navigate to the folder containing northwind.sql.
3. Select the northwind.sql file and click Open.
Step 4: Review the Schema Script
1. The contents of the northwind.sql script will appear in the query
editor.
2. Review the script to understand its structure:
o CREATE TABLE statements define the tables.
o ALTER TABLE statements define relationships and
constraints.
Step 5: Execute the Schema Script
1. Click on the "Execute" button (lightning bolt icon) in the toolbar
or press Ctrl+Shift+Enter.
2. Monitor the Action Output pane at the bottom:
o Look for messages indicating successful execution (e.g.,
Table Created).
Step 6: Verify the Schema Restoration
1. Refresh the Schemas pane by right-clicking and selecting
"Refresh All".
2. Expand the Northwind database to view the restored structure:
o Check the Tables, Views, and Stored Procedures folders.
3. Run the following query to list the tables in the database:
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 Show TABLES;
Step 7: Resolve Errors (If Any)
1. If you encounter errors:
o Check for missing privileges or syntax errors.
o Ensure the Northwind database exists and is set as the
default schema.
2. Common command to use if permissions are missing:
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON Northwind.* TO 'root
@'localhost';
Step 9: Test the Schema
1. Verify that the schema is functional by running the following
query to describe one of the tables (e.g., Customers):
DESCRIBE Customers;
2. Confirm that all columns, data types, and constraints are
correctly defined.

LO4: Populate the database with data to practice

importing data into a structured database.
Step 1: Download the data scripts
1. Download the northwind_data.sql file from
https://shorturl.at/aKOBQ and store in a location to access later.
Step 2: Select the Target Database
1. In the left-hand Schemas pane:
o Right-click on the Northwind database.
o Select "Set as Default Schema" to ensure that the data is
imported into the correct database.
Step 3: Open the Data Script
1. In the top menu, click on File > Open SQL Script.
2. Navigate to the folder containing the northwind_data.sql file.
3. Select the northwind_data.sql file and click Open.
Step 4: Review the Data Script
1. The contents of the northwind_data.sql script will appear in the
query editor.
2. Review the script to understand its structure:

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 o Look for INSERT INTO statements, which populate the
tables with data.
Step 5: Execute the Data Script
1. Click on the "Execute" button (lightning bolt icon) in the toolbar
or press Ctrl+Shift+Enter.
2. Monitor the Action Output pane at the bottom:
o Look for messages indicating successful execution (e.g.,
Rows Inserted).
Step 6: Verify Data Population
1. Refresh the Schemas pane by right-clicking and selecting
"Refresh All".
2. Expand the Tables folder under the Northwind database.
3. Test the data population by running a SELECT query for one of
the tables. For example, to check the Customers table:
SELECT * FROM Customers;
4. Review the output to ensure the table is populated with data.

LO5: Create a new database to practice the fundamental

steps of setting up a database environment for structured
data storage and management
Step 1: Create a New Database
1. Open MySQL Workbench:
o Launch MySQL Workbench and connect to your
MySQL server (e.g., Local Instance MySQL).
o Enter your root password if prompted.
2. Go to the "Schemas" Pane:
o Locate the Schemas section on the left-hand side.

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 3. Create a New Database:
o Right-click anywhere in the Schemas pane and select
"Create Schema...".
o A new window titled "Create Schema" will appear.

4. Provide the Database Name:

o In the Name field, enter the name of the database (e.g.,
spikodb1).
o Leave other settings (Character Set and Collation) as
default.

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 5. Click "Apply":
o Review the automatically generated SQL script (e.g.,
CREATE DATABASE spikodb1;).
o Click Apply to execute the script.

6. Confirm Database Creation:

o Check for the success message and click Finish.
o Refresh the Schemas pane to see the new database
(spikodb1).

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Step 2: Create a Table
1. Set the Default Schema:
o Right-click on the newly created database (spikodb1) in
the Schemas pane and select "Set as Default Schema".
2. Open the Table Creation Wizard:
o Expand the spikodb1 database in the Schemas pane.
o Right-click on the Tables folder and select "Create
Table...".

3. Define the Table Structure:

o Table Name: Enter Product in the Table Name field.
o Add columns by filling out the grid:
▪ Column Name: ProductID
▪ Data Type: INT
▪ Check PK (Primary Key), NN (Not Null),
and AI (Auto Increment).
▪ Column Name: ProductName
▪ Data Type: VARCHAR(100)
▪ Check NN (Not Null).
▪ Column Name: Price
▪ Data Type: DECIMAL(10,2)
▪ Check NN (Not Null).
▪ Column Name: Quantity
▪ Data Type: INT
▪ Check NN (Not Null).

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 4. Click "Apply":
o Review the SQL script (e.g., CREATE TABLE
Product...).
o Click Apply to execute the script.

5. Confirm Table Creation:

o Check for the success message and click Finish.
o Expand the Tables folder in spikodb1 to see the Product
table.

Step 3: Insert Data into the Table

1. Open the Table Editor:
o In the Schemas pane, expand the Tables folder under
spikodb1.
o Right-click on the Product table and select "Select Rows
- Limit 1000".
2. Switch to Edit Mode:
o In the result grid, click the Edit (pencil icon) at the
bottom-right corner.
3. Enter Data:
o Add rows directly into the table by filling out the grid:
▪ ProductName: Laptop, Price: 1000.00,
Quantity: 10

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 ▪ ProductName: Smartphone, Price: 500.00,
Quantity: 20
▪ ProductName: Headphones, Price: 50.00,
Quantity: 50
▪ ProductName: Keyboard, Price: 25.00,
Quantity: 30
▪ ProductName: Mouse, Price: 15.00, Quantity:
40

4. Apply Changes:
o Click Apply to save the data into the database.
o Confirm the SQL INSERT statements in the wizard and
click Apply.
5. Verify the Data:
o Refresh the data grid to ensure the rows are successfully
added.
Step 4: Verify the Table and Data
1. Check Table Data:
o Right-click on the Product table and select "Select Rows
- Limit 1000" to view the inserted data.
2. Output Example:
ProductID ProductName Price Quantity
1 Laptop 1000.00 10
2 Smartphone 500.00 20
3 Headphones 50.00 50
4 Keyboard 25.00 30
5 Mouse 15.00 40

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LO6: Generate scripts for a database schema to
understand how database structures (e.g., tables,
constraints) are defined and exported.

Step 1: Open MySQL Workbench

1. Launch MySQL Workbench.
2. Connect to your MySQL server:
o Select your connection (e.g., Local Instance MySQL).
o Enter your root password (if prompted).

Step 2: Select the Target Schema

1. In the left-hand Schemas pane:
o Locate the database schema you want to export (e.g.,
my_db).
o Right-click on the my_db schema.
o Select "Schema Export" or proceed to the next step to
use the Dump tool.

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Step 3: Open the Data Export Tool
1. Go to the top menu and click Server > Data Export.
2. In the Data Export window:
o Select the schema you want to generate scripts for (e.g.,
Northwind).

Step 4: Configure Export Settings

1. Choose Export Options:
o Check the box for "Export to Self-Contained File".
o Specify the file path where the script will be saved (e.g.,
C:\Database_Scripts\my_db.sql).
2. Export Type:
o Under Objects to Export, select:
▪ Dump Structure Only to export only the schema
(tables, constraints, etc.).
o Leave Data Export unchecked if you do not want the
data.

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Step 5: Export the Schema
1. Click Start Export.
2. Monitor the Progress Log at the bottom of the window:
o Ensure that the export completes successfully without
errors.

Step 6: Verify the Generated Script

1. Navigate to the file path where the schema script was saved.
2. Open the script file (e.g., my_db.sql) in a text editor or IDE
(e.g., Notepad++, Visual Studio Code).
3. Review the contents:
o Look for CREATE TABLE statements defining the
structure of tables.
o Check for ALTER TABLE statements defining
relationships, indexes, and constraints.

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Lab Tasks
Part 1:
1. Create a new database named TestDB_2024_CS_X
2. Create a new table named student using 5 to 6 attributes
3. Generate Scripts of your database
4. Restore your schema to another machine
5. Generate scripts of data
6. Restore data to other system as well

Part 2:
Task 1: Connect to the Northwind Database
• Objective: Ensure the database connection is set up properly.
• Steps:
1. Open MySQL Workbench.
2. Connect to your MySQL server by selecting your connection
(e.g., Local Instance MySQL).
3. Verify that the Northwind database is visible in the Schemas
pane.
Task 2: List All Tables
• Objective: Identify the tables in the Northwind database.
• Steps:
1. Expand the Northwind schema in the Schemas pane.
2. Note down the names of all tables (e.g., Customers, Orders,
Products, etc.).
3. Output Example:
Tables in Northwind:
- Customers
- Orders
- Products
- Employees
- Categories

Task 3: View Table Structures

• Objective: Understand the columns and data types in key tables.
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 • Steps:
1. Right-click on a table (e.g., Customers) in the Schemas pane.
2. Select "Table Inspector" or "View Table Details".
3. Note the column names, data types, and constraints (e.g.,
primary keys).
Task 4: Record Key Details
• Objective: Document the structure of a few key tables.
• Example for Customers:
Column Name Data Type Key/Constraint
CustomerID VARCHAR(5) Primary Key
CompanyName VARCHAR(40) Not Null
ContactName VARCHAR(30) -
Country VARCHAR(15) -

Task 5: Browse Data

• Objective: View a sample of the data stored in each table.
• Steps:
1. Right-click on a table (e.g., Customers) in the Schemas pane.
2. Select "Select Rows - Limit 1000" to view the data.
3. Review the first few rows of data to understand the type of
information stored.
Task 6: Document Examples
• Objective: Record a few rows of data from key tables for reference.
• Example for Customers:
CustomerID CompanyName ContactName Country
ALFKI Alfreds Futterkiste Maria Anders Germany
ANATR Ana Trujillo Emparedados y Ana Trujillo Mexico
helados
Task 7: Review Table Relationships
• Objective: Understand how tables are related without using queries.
• Steps:
1. In MySQL Workbench, reverse engineer the schema (if
available).
▪ Database > Reverse Engineer.
2. Review the Entity-Relationship (ER) diagram for the
Northwind database.
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 3. Note key relationships between tables:
▪ Example: Orders table references Customers via the
CustomerID column.
4. Document simple relationships:
▪ Example:
▪ Orders.CustomerID →
Customers.CustomerID (Foreign Key).
Task 8: Prepare a Lab Report
• Objective: Summarize findings in a concise report.
• Content to Include:
1. List of Tables: Document all tables in the database.
2. Table Structures: Provide column details for 2-3 key tables.
3. Sample Data: Include a few rows of data from each table.
4. Relationships: Highlight primary relationships between
tables.

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