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The document discusses human motivation, defining it as the internal and external factors that drive individuals to engage in tasks and pursue goals. It outlines various types of motivation, including intrinsic, extrinsic, achievement, and social motivation, and presents theories such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Self-Determination Theory. Additionally, it highlights techniques to enhance motivation and the challenges in understanding it due to the complexity of human behavior and cultural variability.

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19 views14 pages

Presentation 23

The document discusses human motivation, defining it as the internal and external factors that drive individuals to engage in tasks and pursue goals. It outlines various types of motivation, including intrinsic, extrinsic, achievement, and social motivation, and presents theories such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Self-Determination Theory. Additionally, it highlights techniques to enhance motivation and the challenges in understanding it due to the complexity of human behavior and cultural variability.

Uploaded by

abrish6522
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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P R ES EN T E D TO

Human motivation DR. NAUMANA


A M JA D
Human motivation refers to
the internal and external
factors that stimulate the
What is Human desire and energy in
Motivation? individuals to be continually
interested and committed to
a task, goal, or idea.
Types of motivation
Intrinsic motivation Extrinsic motivation
•Driven by internal rewards. •Driven by external rewards or
•Example: pressures.

Learning a new skill for •Example:


personal satisfaction. Studying to earn good grades.
Types of motivation
Achievement motivation Social motivation
•This type focuses on the • Social motivation is the
desire to accomplish goals influence of social motives on
and excel in tasks. a person's behavior to achieve
•For example, an athlete social goals
training rigorously to win a • Studying for an exam
championship.
Biological basis of behavior
1.(Role of behavior)

•THE HYPOTHALAMUS •THE LIMBIC SYSTEM


REGULATES BASIC DRIVES INFLUENCES EMOTIONS AND
LIKE HUNGER AND THIRST. REWARDS.
•Dopamine: Associated
2.
Neurotransmitters with pleasure and reward.
•Serotonin: Influences
mood and satisfaction.
Physiological Needs
Theories of Safety Needs
motivation
1. Maslow's
Hierarchy of Love and Belonging
Needs:
in hierarchy Esteem
Self-Actualization
Proposed by Abraham Maslow, this theory suggests
that human needs are arranged in a hierarchy, often
depicted as a pyramid. -
The levels are:
1. Physiological Needs: Basic survival needs like food,
water, and shelter.
Maslow's 2. Safety Needs: Security and protection from physical
Hierarchy of and emotional harm.
3. Love and Belongingness Needs: Social relationships,
Needs: friendships, and family connections.
4. Esteem Needs: Self-esteem, recognition, and
respect from others.
5. Self-Actualization: Achieving one's full potential and
personal growth.
- According to Maslow, individuals must satisfy lower-
level needs before they can address higher-level needs.
Self-determination theory
grew out of the work of
psychologists Edward Deci
and Richard Ryan, who
first introduced their ideas

Self-determination in their 1985 book Self-


Determination and Intrinsic

theory Motivation in Human


Behavior.
According to self-determination theory, people need to feel the
following to achieve psychological growth:

2.
Autonomy
Autonomy: People need to feel in control of their own behaviors
and goals. This sense of being able to take direct action that will
Self- result in real change plays a major part in helping people feel
self-determined.
determination
theory learn different skills
Competence: People need to master tasks and learn different
learn
skills. When people feel that they have the skills needed for
different
skills
success, they are more likely to take actions that will help them
achieve their goals.

Connection or relatedness: Another essential part of self-


determination is the ability to experience a sense of belonging
attachment
and attachment to other people.
Techniques to Enhance Motivation

Personal Motivation
•Goal setting (SMART goals).
•Visualization and positive affirmations.
•Mindfulness and self-reflection.
Motivating Others
•Providing meaningful feedback.
•Creating supportive environments.
•Recognizing achievements and celebrating milestones.
Challenges in understanding motivation

1.Complexity of Human Behavior


• Diverse Motivational Drivers:
Individuals are driven by a complex mix of intrinsic and extrinsic
factors, making it difficult to generalize motivational patterns.
Example: A person might be motivated by recognition in one
context but by curiosity in another.
• Dynamic Nature:
Motivation changes over time and across situations, depending on
personal experiences, external influences, and emotional states.
Challenges in understanding motivation

2. Cultural and Social Variability


• Cultural Differences:
• What motivates individuals in one culture may not resonate with
those in another. For example, Western cultures often emphasize
individual achievement, while collectivist cultures prioritize group
harmony.
• Social Norms and Expectations:
• Social pressures can obscure true motivational drivers, as
individuals may act to conform rather than from personal
motivation.

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