ELEVATORS &

ESCALATORS
RAINIER CARRILLO
DIFFERENCE
ELEVATORS &
ESCALATORS
Elevators and escalators are both vertical transportation systems commonly found in
buildings and public spaces. However, they differ in terms of their functionality and
design.

ELEVATOR
Elevators are vertical transportation systems
that move people or goods between
different floors of a building. They operate
within an enclosed shaft and typically consist
of a cabin or platform that travels up and
down, stopping at each floor as needed.
Elevators are suitable for both low-rise and
high-rise buildings and can carry larger
numbers of people or heavy loads at once.
ESCALATOR
Escalators are moving staircases that
transport people between floors on an
inclined conveyor belt. They consist of a
continuous loop of steps that move in one
direction, either up or down, and are often
used for shorter distances in places like
shopping malls, airports, and subway stations.
Escalators are typically faster for transporting
large volumes of people, but they can only
handle foot traffic and are limited in capacity
compared to elevators.
ELEVATOR & ECALATOR

TYPES AND APPLICATIONS OF

ESCALATOR
Escalators are moving staircases that transport people between
different levels. They are continuously in motion, and users can step
on or off at any point. Escalators are often used in high-traffic areas
and are designed to move people quickly and effortlessly.

ESCALATOR
PARALLEL
1. These are the most common type, with two or more escalators running
side by side in the same direction. They are typically used to move
people between floors in a straightforward, vertical path, such as in
malls, airports, or office buildings. One escalator moves upwards while
the other moves downwards, allowing a smooth flow of people in both
directions.

CRISSCROSS
2. Crisscross escalators are arranged in a crossing pattern, often used in
larger facilities or in environments where space is limited. The escalators
are positioned to cross each other in such a way that passengers can
change direction at certain levels without needing to move to another
area. This configuration can be useful in large department stores, malls,
or stations where traffic management is a priority.

MULTIPLE PARALLEL
3. This configuration involves several escalators running in parallel, often
used in high-traffic areas like train stations, shopping malls, or large
venues. Multiple parallel escalators are arranged to handle large
numbers of passengers, with each escalator dedicated to a specific
direction (up or down). This arrangement helps in reducing wait times
and increasing passenger capacity.

4. CURVED
Curved escalators follow a circular or curved path rather than a straight
line. These escalators are often used in spaces with unique architectural
designs, such as shopping malls, airports, or public buildings where space
is irregular. The curved design allows for a more flexible layout and helps
save space in certain areas while maintaining an efficient flow of people.
ELEVATOR & ECALATOR

TYPES AND APPLICATIONS OF

ELEVATOR
Elevators are enclosed cabins that move vertically between
floors, allowing people and goods to be transported efficiently
and safely. They are typically operated by pressing buttons to
select the desired floor

ELEVATOR
HYDRAULIC
1. Hydraulic elevators use a piston driven by hydraulic fluid to move the
elevator cabin. They are typically used in low- to mid-rise buildings (less
than 6 stories) because they have slower travel speeds compared to
other elevator types but are more cost-effective for short-distance
travel.

TRACTION
2. These elevators use a system of pulleys and counterweights to move
the elevator car. They are commonly used in high-rise buildings as they
provide faster travel speeds and are more energy-efficient for taller
buildings compared to hydraulic elevators.

Machine room-less (MRL)

3. MRL elevators do not have a separate machine room at the top of the
building. Instead, the machinery is housed within the elevator shaft itself.
This design saves space and reduces construction costs, making it a
popular choice in mid-rise buildings.

4. Machine room (MR)

In traditional elevator systems, a machine room is a separate, dedicated
space usually located at the top of the building or next to the elevator
shaft. This room houses the elevator’s machinery, including the motor,
pulleys, and counterweights. The machine room is crucial for maintaining
and operating the elevator, as it contains the mechanical components
responsible for lifting and lowering the elevator car.
ELEVATOR & ECALATOR

DESIGN CONSIDERATION

ELEVATOR ESCALATOR

CAPACITY AND SIZE: THE INCLINATION ANGLE: THE

ELEVATOR’S CAPACITY SHOULD INCLINATION IS TYPICALLY
MATCH THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE IT BETWEEN 30-35 DEGREES,
NEEDS TO TRANSPORT, INCLUDING BALANCING USER COMFORT AND
ACCOMMODATIONS FOR SPACE CONSTRAINTS.
WHEELCHAIRS AND STROLLERS. THE
CAR SIZE MUST PROVIDE ENOUGH
SPACE FOR PASSENGERS AND
CAPACITY AND SIZE: THE STEP
COMPLY WITH ACCESSIBILITY
WIDTH AND SPEED SHOULD BE
REQUIREMENTS.
CHOSEN BASED ON FOOT TRAFFIC
AND THE LOCATION’S
SPEED:
REQUIREMENTS.
ELEVATOR SPEED SHOULD BE
ADJUSTED BASED ON THE
BUILDING’S HEIGHT AND EXPECTED SAFETY FEATURES: INCLUDE
TRAFFIC. SYNCHRONIZED HANDRAILS,
EMERGENCY STOP BUTTONS, ANTI-
LOAD TYPE: ELEVATORS CAN BE SLIP TREADS, AND COMPLIANCE
CUSTOMIZED FOR PASSENGER, WITH SAFETY STANDARDS.
FREIGHT, OR SERVICE USE,
DEPENDING ON THE BUILDING’S
NEEDS.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY: FEATURES
LIKE VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES AND
ACCESSIBILITY: FEATURES LIKE
REGENERATIVE DRIVES HELP
BRAILLE BUTTONS, WIDER DOORS,
REDUCE ENERGY USE, ESPECIALLY
AND AUDIO ANNOUNCEMENTS ARE
DURING OFF-PEAK HOURS.
NECESSARY FOR ACCESSIBILITY
COMPLIANCE.

SPACE AND INSTALLATION:

SAFETY FEATURES: IMPORTANT
ADEQUATE SPACE IS NEEDED FOR
SAFETY ELEMENTS INCLUDE
INSTALLATION, ESPECIALLY FOR
EMERGENCY ALARMS, AUTOMATIC
LONG OR COMPLEX ESCALATORS.
DOORS, OVERLOAD SENSORS, AND
FIRE-RESISTANT MATERIALS.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY: MAINTENANCE AND DURABILITY:

REGENERATIVE DRIVES AND LED ESCALATORS MUST BE DESIGNED
LIGHTING HELP REDUCE ENERGY WITH DURABLE MATERIALS AND FOR
CONSUMPTION AND IMPROVE THE EASY MAINTENANCE TO ENSURE
ELEVATOR’S EFFICIENCY. LONG-TERM FUNCTIONALITY.
 ELEVATOR & ECALATOR

ADVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGE

ELEVATOR ESCALATOR
ADVANTAGES

ADVANTAGES
ESCALATORS ARE MORE EFFICIENT
THAN ELEVATORS AND OFFER
ELEVATORS ARE ENERGY-EFFICIENT
GREATER CONVENIENCE THAN
WHEN NOT IN USE AND PROVIDE A
STAIRS, WITH THE ABILITY TO
CONVENIENT AND ACCESSIBLE
TRANSPORT LARGE NUMBERS OF
SOLUTION FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH
PEOPLE SIMULTANEOUSLY. THEY
MOBILITY CHALLENGES, SUCH AS
ARE WIDELY USED IN LOCATIONS
WHEELCHAIR USERS OR THOSE WITH
WHERE ELEVATORS WOULD BE
JOINT OR LEG DISCOMFORT. THEY
IMPRACTICAL, HELPING TO MANAGE
ARE CRUCIAL IN HIGH-RISE
PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC. ESCALATORS
BUILDINGS, FACILITATING THE
CAN MOVE MORE PEOPLE THAN
SMOOTH TRANSPORT OF LARGE
ELEVATORS AND ELIMINATE
VOLUMES OF PEOPLE. ELEVATORS
WAITING TIMES. THEY ARE ALSO
ALSO OFFER SAFETY FOR YOUNG
HELPFUL FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH
CHILDREN AND THOSE WHO MAY
LEG OR JOINT PAIN, PROVIDING
FEEL UNEASY USING STAIRS OR
EXTRA COMFORT. WHEN TURNED
ESCALATORS.
OFF, ESCALATORS CAN STILL
FUNCTION AS REGULAR STAIRS.
DISADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES
ELEVATORS CAN CONSUME ENERGY
EVEN WHEN IDLE, AND SUDDEN
ESCALATORS CAN CONSUME
HALTS OR MECHANICAL FAILURES
ENERGY WHEN IDLE AND MAY POSE
CAN RESULT IN INJURIES. THEY
INJURY RISKS IF THEY SUDDENLY
REQUIRE A CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT
STOP. THEY CAN ALSO BE
OF SPACE AND INFRASTRUCTURE,
FRIGHTENING FOR YOUNG
WHICH MAY MAKE THEM
CHILDREN AND SOME OTHER
CUMBERSOME IN CERTAIN
INDIVIDUALS. ESCALATORS REQUIRE
BUILDINGS. ADDITIONALLY,
AS MUCH SPACE AS STAIRS, MAKING
ELEVATORS CAN BE SLOWER THAN
THEM BULKY AND SPACE-
ESCALATORS, LEADING TO LONGER
CONSUMING. ALTHOUGH NOT
WAITING TIMES, PARTICULARLY
SUITABLE FOR WHEELCHAIRS, THEY
DURING BUSY PERIODS.
CAN AID THOSE WITH MOBILITY
FURTHERMORE, ELEVATOR-RELATED
ISSUES WHO ARE ABLE TO STAND.
ACCIDENTS RESULT IN
ON AVERAGE, AROUND 6,000
APPROXIMATELY 6,000 INJURIES
PEOPLE ARE INJURED ON
ANNUALLY.
ESCALATORS ANNUALLY.
 ELEVATOR & ECALATOR

BRANDS &
MANUFACTURER

01 Hyundai Elevator
Hyundai Elevator is one of the most renowned manufacturers of escalator
and elevator, and was established in 1984 in South Korea. The company has
its branches in 68 countries across the world and offers a wide array of
products for different applications. These products include marine
elevators, escalators & moving walks, and elevators for the parking area.

02 Kone Corporation
Kone Corporation is an elevator engineering organization headquartered
in Helsinki, Finland and was established in 1910. The company specializes in
constructing and servicing moving walkways, also referred to as autowalks
by Kone, escalators, automatic gates & doors, and elevators. In the 1950s,
Kone launched its first set of automatic doors, group controls, and
hydraulic lifts.

03 Schindler
Schindler is one of the top elevator and escalator companies worldwide,
manufacturing vertical mobility solutions. Headquartered in Switzerland,
the company is known for its smart and sustainable vertical mobility
solutions for buildings of different sizes and forms. It has over 70,000
employees working in more than 100 countries, and has 1,000 branches
across the world.

04 Otis Corporation
Otis Corporation is a renowned manufacturer of elevator and
escalator is based in New York, U.S. The company was established
in 1853 and is known for its moving walkways and other related
equipment as well. Otis is the world’s biggest producer of vertical
transportation systems, majorly focusing on developing moving
walkways, lifts, and escalators.

05 TK Elevator
TK Elevator, formerly known as Thyssenkrupp Elevator, one of
the top elevator and escalator companies worldwide was founded
in 2001 in Essen, Germany, the company deals in the installation,
maintenance, and modernization of elevator and escalator. TK
Elevator has a notable presence in residential, office, and
infrastructure segments, and offers smart mobility solutions.
 IN YOUR OPINION, WHAT IS
THE REASON WHY THEY ADD
ELEVATOR & ECALATOR OR PLACE ELEVATOR/
ESCALATOR IN THAT

SITE VISIT POSITION?

In my opinion, escalators are

valuable because they provide a
convenient and efficient way to
move people between different
levels in busy spaces like malls,
airports, and subway stations. As we
can see the mall here in Pampanga,
they create a lot of escalators and
elevators where in people can easily
transfer conveniently and efficiently
from one place to another. They
help to accommodate high foot
DO A SITE VISIT WHERE YOU MAKE A STUDY ABOUT THE traffic, especially in places where
ELEVATOR OR ESCALATOR stairs might be too slow, difficult, or
HISTORY OF THAT BRAND OR MANUFACTURER physically demanding for some
Hyundai Elevator was founded in individuals. Escalators also save time
1984 as a joint venture between compared to elevators, especially
Hyundai Electrical Engineering and when dealing with large numbers of
Westinghouse Electric. In 1989, people. They're accessible,
Schindler Group replaced generally safer than stairs, and can
Westinghouse after it sold its move people continuously without
escalator business. The the need for each individual to exert
partnership deepened in 2004 effort. Overall, they improve the flow
when Schindler bought a 20% of movement in high-density areas.
stake in Hyundai Elevator to Moreover, for me this is literally
counter a takeover attempt by means a lot to all of the people that
KCC, though the deal was later are using both equipments that are
annulled. In 2006, Schindler necessarily built to help them.
acquired a 25.5% stake from KCC
after the latter's failed acquisition
of Hyundai Group. In 2019, Hyundai
Elevator sold its main facilities in
Icheon to SK Hynix for ₩205
billion, relocating its headquarters
to Chungju in 2022.