print("Hello, World!
")
Python Indentation
Indentation refers to the spaces at the beginning of a code line.
Where in other programming languages the indentation in code is for
readability only, the indentation in Python is very important.
Python uses indentation to indicate a block of code.
if 5 > 2:
print("Five is greater than two!")
Python will give you an error if you skip the indentation:
if 5 > 2:
print("Five is greater than two!")
The number of spaces is up to you as a programmer, the most common
use is four, but it has to be at least one.
if 5 > 2:
print("Five is greater than two!")
if 5 > 2:
print("Five is greater than two!")
You have to use the same number of spaces in the same block of
code, otherwise Python will give you an error:
if 5 > 2:
print("Five is greater than two!")
print("Five is greater than two!")
Python Variables
In Python, variables are created when you assign a value to it:
x = 5
y = "Hello, World!"
_
Comments
Python has commenting capability for the purpose of in-code
documentation.
Comments start with a #, and Python will render the rest of the
line as a comment:
#This is a comment.
print("Hello, World!")
print("Hello, World!") #This is a comment
#print("Hello, World!")
print("Cheers, Mate!")
#This is a comment
#written in
#more than just one line
print("Hello, World!")
"""
This is a comment
written in
more than just one line
"""
print("Hello, World!")
Creating Variables
Python has no command for declaring a variable.
A variable is created the moment you first assign a value to it.
x = 5
y = "John"
print(x)
print(y)
Variables do not need to be declared with any particular type, and
can even change type after they have been set.
x = 4 # x is of type int
x = "Sally" # x is now of type str
print(x)
# This program adds two numbers
num1 = 1.5
num2 = 6.3
# Add two numbers
sum = num1 + num2
# Display the sum
print('The sum of {0} and {1} is {2}'.format(num1, num2, sum))
# Store input numbers
num1 = input('Enter first number: ')
num2 = input('Enter second number: ')
# Add two numbers
sum = float(num1) + float(num2) #float datatype use to store number
+ or -
# Display the sum
print('The sum of {0} and {1} is {2}'.format(num1, num2, sum))
We use the built-in function input() to take the input.
Since, input() returns a string, we convert the string into number
using the float() function. Then, the numbers are added.
# Python program to check if the input number is odd or even.
# A number is even if division by 2 gives a remainder of 0.
# If the remainder is 1, it is an odd number.
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if (num % 2) == 0:
print("{0} is Even".format(num))
else:
print("{0} is Odd".format(num))
# Sum of natural numbers up to num
num = 16
if num < 0:
print("Enter a positive number")
else:
sum = 0
# use while loop to iterate until zero
while(num > 0):
sum += num
num -= 1
print("The sum is", sum)
_
Find the Factorial of a Number Using Recursive approach
# Python 3 program to find
# factorial of given number
def factorial(n):
# single line to find factorial
return 1 if (n==1 or n==0) else n * factorial(n - 1)
# Driver Code
num = 5
print("Factorial of",num,"is",factorial(num))
Find the Factorial of a Number Using Iterative approach
# Python 3 program to find
# factorial of given number
def factorial(n):
if n < 0:
return 0
elif n == 0 or n == 1:
return 1
else:
fact = 1
while(n > 1):
fact *= n
n -= 1
return fact
# Driver Code
num = 5
print("Factorial of",num,"is",
factorial(num))
Python Program for n-th Fibonacci number Using recursion
# Function for nth Fibonacci number
def Fibonacci(n):
if n<= 0:
print("Incorrect input")
# First Fibonacci number is 0
elif n == 1:
return 0
# Second Fibonacci number is 1
elif n == 2:
return 1
else:
return Fibonacci(n-1)+Fibonacci(n-2)
# Driver Program
print(Fibonacci(10))
_
Python Program to Find Area of a Circle
def findArea(r):
PI = 3.142
return PI * (r*r);
# Driver method
print("Area is %.6f" % findArea(5));
Factorial Program
# import math
# def fact(num):
# i=num
# z=1
# while i<=num and i !=0:
# print(i)
# z *= i
# i -= 1
# return z
# def factorial(n):
# if n == 0:
# return 1
# else:
# return n * factorial(n - 1)
# print(fact(10))
# print(math.factorial(10))
# print(factorial(10))
# def sumOfNaturalNumber(num):
# z=0
# while 0 < num:
# z += num
# num -= 1
# return z
# print(sumOfNaturalNumber(3))
# def sumOfNaturalNumberWithForLoop(num):
# total=0
# for i in range(1, num + 1):
# print(i)
# total += i
# return total
# print(sumOfNaturalNumberWithForLoop(3))
fruits = ['apple', 'cherry', 'banana', 'cherry']
# fruits.append("orange")
# fruits.clear()
# newFruits= fruits.copy()
# # fruits.count("cherry")
# cars = ['Ford', 'BMW', 'Volvo']
# fruits.extend(cars)
# print(fruits.index("cherry"))
# fruits.insert(1, "orange")
# fruits.pop(1)
# fruits.remove("banana")
# fruits.reverse()
# fruits.sort()
fruits.sort(reverse=True)
print(fruits)
# print(newFruits)
def add(P, Q):
# This function is used for adding two numbers
return P + Q
def subtract(P, Q):
# This function is used for subtracting two numbers
return P - Q
def multiply(P, Q):
# This function is used for multiplying two numbers
return P * Q
def divide(P, Q):
# This function is used for dividing two numbers
return P / Q
# Now we will take inputs from the user
print ("Please select the operation.")
print ("a. Add")
print ("b. Subtract")
print ("c. Multiply")
print ("d. Divide")
choice = input("Please enter choice (a/ b/ c/ d): ")
num_1 = int (input ("Please enter the first number: "))
num_2 = int (input ("Please enter the second number: "))
if choice == 'a':
print (num_1, " + ", num_2, " = ", add(num_1, num_2))
elif choice == 'b':
print (num_1, " - ", num_2, " = ", subtract(num_1, num_2))
elif choice == 'c':
print (num_1, " * ", num_2, " = ", multiply(num_1, num_2))
elif choice == 'd':
print (num_1, " / ", num_2, " = ", divide(num_1, num_2))
else:
print ("This is an invalid input")
__________________
# create a class
class Room:
length = 0.0
breadth = 0.0
# method to calculate area
def calculate_area(self):
print("Area of Room =", self.length * self.breadth)
# create object of Room class
study_room = Room()
# assign values to all the attributes
study_room.length = 42.5
study_room.breadth = 30.8
# access method inside class
study_room.calculate_area()
