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Internet

The Internet is a global system of interconnected networks that utilizes the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) for communication, encompassing various types of networks and services such as the World Wide Web, email, and file sharing. Its origins trace back to the 1960s with the development of packet switching and the ARPANET, leading to its commercialization in the 1990s, which transformed traditional media and enabled new forms of interaction and commerce. The Internet operates without a centralized governance structure, with policies set by individual networks, while organizations like ICANN and IETF oversee technical standards and naming conventions.

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2 views3 pages

Internet

The Internet is a global system of interconnected networks that utilizes the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) for communication, encompassing various types of networks and services such as the World Wide Web, email, and file sharing. Its origins trace back to the 1960s with the development of packet switching and the ARPANET, leading to its commercialization in the 1990s, which transformed traditional media and enabled new forms of interaction and commerce. The Internet operates without a centralized governance structure, with policies set by individual networks, while organizations like ICANN and IETF oversee technical standards and naming conventions.

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hasanikramul25
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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[a]

The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer


[b]
networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate
between networks and devices. It is a network of networks that consists of
private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global
scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking
technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and
services, such as the interlinked hypertext documents and applications of the
World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail, internet telephony, and file sharing.

The origins of the Internet date back to research that enabled the time-sharing of
computer resources, the development of packet switching in the 1960s and the
[2][3]
design of computer networks for data communication. The set of rules
(communication protocols) to enable internetworking on the Internet arose from
research and development commissioned in the 1970s by the Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency (DARPA) of the United States Department of Defense
in collaboration with universities and researchers across the United States and in
[4][5][6]
the United Kingdom and France. The ARPANET initially served as a
backbone for the interconnection of regional academic and military networks in
the United States to enable resource sharing. The funding of the National Science
Foundation Network as a new backbone in the 1980s, as well as private funding
for other commercial extensions, encouraged worldwide participation in the
development of new networking technologies and the merger of many networks
[7]
using DARPA's Internet protocol suite. The linking of commercial networks and
[8]
enterprises by the early 1990s, as well as the advent of the World Wide Web,
[9]
marked the beginning of the transition to the modern Internet, and generated
sustained exponential growth as generations of institutional, personal, and
mobile computers were connected to the internetwork. Although the Internet was
widely used by academia in the 1980s, the subsequent commercialization of the
Internet in the 1990s and beyond incorporated its services and technologies into
virtually every aspect of modern life.

Most traditional communication media, including telephone, radio, television,


paper mail, and newspapers, are reshaped, redefined, or even bypassed by the
Internet, giving birth to new services such as email, Internet telephone, Internet
television, online music, digital newspapers, and video streaming websites.
Newspapers, books, and other print publishing have adapted to website
technology or have been reshaped into blogging, web feeds, and online news
aggregators. The Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of personal
interaction through instant messaging, Internet forums, and social networking
services. Online shopping has grown exponentially for major retailers, small
businesses, and entrepreneurs, as it enables firms to extend their "brick and
mortar" presence to serve a larger market or even sell goods and services
entirely online. Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect
supply chains across entire industries.

The Internet has no single centralized governance in either technological


implementation or policies for access and usage; each constituent network sets
[10]
its own policies. The overarching definitions of the two principal name spaces
on the Internet, the Internet Protocol address (IP address) space and the Domain
Name System (DNS), are directed by a maintainer organization, the Internet
Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). The technical
underpinning and standardization of the core protocols is an activity of the
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), a non-profit organization of loosely
affiliated international participants that anyone may associate with by
[11]
contributing technical expertise. In November 2006, the Internet was included
[12]
on USA Today's list of the New Seven Wonders.

Terminology
Further information: Capitalization of Internet and internetworking
The word internetted was used as early as 1849, meaning interconnected or
[13]
interwoven. The word Internet was used in 1945 by the United States War
[14]
Department in a radio operator's manual, and in 1974 as the shorthand form of
[15]
Internetwork. Today, the term Internet most commonly refers to the global
system of interconnected computer networks, though it may also refer to any
[16]
group of smaller networks.

When it came into common use, most publications treated the word Internet as a
[16]
capitalized proper noun; this has become less common. This reflects the
tendency in English to capitalize new terms and move them to lowercase as they
[16][17]
become familiar. The word is sometimes still capitalized to distinguish the
global internet from smaller networks, though many publications, including the
[16][17]
AP Stylebook since 2016, recommend the lowercase form in every case. In
2016, the Oxford English Dictionary found that, based on a study of around 2.5
[18]
billion printed and online sources, "Internet" was capitalized in 54% of cases.
The terms Internet and World Wide Web are often used interchangeably; it is
common to speak of "going on the Internet" when using a web browser to view
web pages. However, the World Wide Web, or the Web, is only one of a large
[19]
number of Internet services, a collection of documents (web pages) and other
[20]
web resources linked by hyperlinks and URLs.

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