The

Communicatio
n Process
Intended Learning Objectives
 Describe the processes, principles and
ethics of verbal and non-verbal
communication
 Determine communication faults in a video
presentation.
 Make a video using the same message as
the Tom Cruise’s video but observing the
proper norms in communication
Contents
 Meaning of communication
 Elements of communication
 Communication process
 Models of communication
 Five Principles of communication
continued

 Five levels of communication

 Ethical standards of competent
communicators
 Barriers to effective communication
 Overcoming Barriers to communication
Topic 1 Communication Process
Springboard Activity
 Watch the Module and Activity on
Topic 1 The Power of Communication
 Tom Cruise Tirade against Covid-19 crew
protocol violations
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-
kgApji3QM
 Answer the following questions related to the video :

1. What is the gist of the video?
 2. Can you list 3-5 points raised by the speaker ?
 3. Why do you think this video garnered negative reactions from
the crew and the public in general? Should they be offended?
 4. As an observer, do you agree with the points raised by Tom?
 5. Do you think there is some truths to the points made by Tom?
 6. What do you think is the ultimate purpose of this video and to
whom do you think this video is addressed to?
 7. Do you think the video achieved its purpose/s? Why or why not?
 8. What could have been done differently in this video to really
make this achieve its purpose?
 9. Point out the changes you would have done if you are going to
make a video like this?
 10. What is/are your take-away/s from this activity?
Definition of communication:
 The process of creating and exchanging
meaning through symbolic interaction.
 As a process communication constantly moves
and changes. It does not stand still.
 Meaning involves thoughts, ideas, and
understandings shared by communicators.
 Symbolic means that we rely on words and
nonverbal behaviors to communicate meaning
and feelings.
The Communication Process
 Context provides the people, the occasion
and the task.
 Physical environment is the actual place or
space where communication occurs.
 Climate influences the emotional
atmosphere.
The Communication Process
Sender Encoding

Channel Noise Message

Barrier
Feedback Channel

Decoding Receiver
The Communication Process
Mr. Sauceda I need students to know that
they cannot bully each other.

Squealing sound
Air, face to face from PA system. “Bullying is unacceptable
behavior. You will be
punished for bullying.”

Being in athletics
Billy asks if tripping someone and not hearing
counts as bullying. announcements. P.A. System

I wonder if that includes Students at

tripping someone for fun… HHS
Five Principles of Communication
 Communication is transactional because it
involves an exchange.
 If I go to the store to get a coke, I exchange
money to the cashier for the coke. I give
something and get something in return.
Communication is the same… you have to give
and receive for communication to happen.
Five Principles of Communication
 Communication is complex for several reasons.
 It is interactive because many processes are involved.
 It is symbolic because symbols are open to interpretation.
 It is personal & cultural because a person’s culture can add a
new or different meaning to a phrase or gesture.
 It is irreversible because once a message is sent, it cannot be
taken back.
 It is circular because it involves both original messages and
feedback which is necessary to confirm communication.
 It is purposeful because there is always a reason behind a
message and it helps meet our needs.
 It is impossible to duplicate because each interaction is unique.
Five Principles of Communication
 Communication is unavoidable because it
is impossible to not communicate.
 You are communicating constantly even when
you do not intend to communicate. You
communicate by the way you sit or move, by the
way you speak, by what you wear, by your
actions…. Even when you sleep in class, you’re
communicating that you are bored or that you
don’t care.
Five Principles of Communication
 Communication is continuous because it
continues to impact and influence future
interactions and shape our relationships.
 Have you ever gotten off to a wrong start with
someone? Has it taken a lot of time to perhaps
overcome someone’s negative opinion of you?
 Has someone ever said something to you that
hurt your feelings and you’ve always
remembered it and think about it when you see
that person?
Five Principles of Communication
 Communication skills can be learned
because they can always be improved.
 You may need to work on speaking skills, written
communication, listening, relationship skills…
there’s always room for improvement!
Types of communication
 I. Based on delivering the message
 A. Verbal B. Non-verbal
 1. spoken 1. body language
 2. written 2. facial expressions
 3. electronic 3. body language
 4. telecommunication 4. touch
 5. digital 5. culture, etc
 II. Based on purpose of communication
 A. Formal B. Informal C. Therapeutic
 III. Based on the levels of communication
 A. intrapersonal B. interpersonal C. small group D. Public E. Mass F. Organizational
 IV. Based on the pattern of communication
 A. one-way B. Two-way C. One-to-one D. one- to –many E. many-to-one
Verbal communication
Discussion :
 Intrapersonal Communication is communication that occurs in your own mind. It is
“self-talk” which are the inner speech or mental conversations that we carry on with
ourselves. It is the basis of your feelings, biases, prejudices, and beliefs.
Examples are when you make any kind of decision – what to eat or wear.
When you think about something – what you want to do on the weekend or
when you think about another person.
You can also communicate with yourself when you dream at night.
 Interpersonal is the communication between two people but can involve more in
informal conversations. Through this kind of communication we maintain
relationships.

 Examples are when you are talking to your friends. A teacher and student
discussing an assignment. A patient and a doctor discussing a treatment. A
manager and a potential employee during an interview. Any one on one or
informal communication.
 Small Group is communication within formal or informal groups or
teams. It is group interaction that results in decision making,
problem solving and discussion within an organization.

 Examples would be a group planning a surprise birthday party

for someone. A team working together on a project. A focus
group discussing the pros and cons of a new product. A group
therapy session.
 Public – involving large group of people, requires essential skills
to influence people at large
Mass communication is the electronic or print transmission of
messages to the general public. Outlets called mass media include
things like radio, television, film, and printed materials designed to
reach large audiences.
 A television commercial. A magazine article. Hearing a song

on the radio. Books, Newspapers, Billboards. The key is that

you are reaching a large amount of people without it being face
to face. Feedback is generally delayed with mass
communication.

 Organizational takes place when individuals in a certain

organization communicate with each other to achieve a desired
organizational goal.
Competent Communicators are…

 Ethical - This means that a communicator follows the

morals and codes of conduct within a society. It is how a
person behaves and how they treat others.
They are honest and truthful.
They keep confidences and are
cautious about spreading gossip.
They consider the needs, rights, and
feelings of other people.
Competent Communicators are…
 Responsible - This means that they take
responsibility for their own communication
 choices and behavior.
 They are informed and are able to support what they say
with facts and examples that are true.
 They are logical with developed reasoning skills and the
ability to draw conclusions and reach decisions.
 They are accountable taking responsibility for their
information, decisions and actions.
 They are reliable which means they can be trusted to
keep their word even if a decision may not benefit them
Competent Communicators are…
 Accessible - They tend to value positive
relationships with peers, supervisors, and clients. They
are open and approachable. They are seen as caring,
likable, and pleasant to be around.
Assessment Activity: (Asynchronous Meeting)

 Make a 2-minute individual video using the same

message as Tom Cruise’s video but observing and
applying the principles and norms of effective
communication. Be ready to share your work to the
class.

Deadline of the video : due on the day of the

Asynchronous class.
 Criteria

Criteria Excellent Good Fair Needs improvement

Content Displays mastery and articulateness Displays a considerable Displays an Language used is not clear and not
Language used and uses appropriate, non-offensive amount mastery and average mastery appropriate
Language somewhat articulateness and somewhat
and uses appropriate, non- articulateness and
offensive language uses a little
appropriate, non-
offensive language

4 3 2 1

Delivery Shows very appropriate facial and Shows an appropriate Shows little facial Does not show any appropriate facial
Facial & Vocal vocal expression and gestures facial and vocal expression and vocal and vocal expression
expression and gestures expression and
gestures

4 3 2 1

Video & audio Excellent audio and video quality with Good audio and video Average audio and Poor audio & video quality with a
quality no noise interference quality with no noise video quality with noisy background
interference no noise
interference 1
4 3 2

Viewers’ impact Very appealing to the viewers Appealing to the viewers Shows little appeal Does not appeal to the viewers
tot eh viewers
4 3 2 1