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3 - Rational Numbers - Student Notes

This lesson focuses on operations with rational numbers, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Key steps include converting mixed numbers to improper fractions, finding the lowest common denominator for addition and subtraction, and using reciprocation for division. The lesson provides examples and emphasizes reducing fractions where possible.

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16 views2 pages

3 - Rational Numbers - Student Notes

This lesson focuses on operations with rational numbers, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Key steps include converting mixed numbers to improper fractions, finding the lowest common denominator for addition and subtraction, and using reciprocation for division. The lesson provides examples and emphasizes reducing fractions where possible.

Uploaded by

emmamichellekaciqi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MTH1W1 Unit 1 – Lesson 3

Operations with Rational Numbers


Learning Goals: To evaluate operations with rational numbers

Success Criteria: To be successful in this lesson, I can:


____ Convert all mixed numbers to improper fractions before beginning the operations
____ Find the LCD (lowest common denominator) for adding and subtracting fractions
____ Multiply fractions by multiplying the numerator and denominator separately and know that I do
not need to find the LCD
____ Cancel numerators with denominators when they have a common denominator to reduce fractions
as a final answer and also when multiplying to reduce the terms
____ Divide fractions by reciprocating the second fraction and then multiplying the two fraction

Review: Lesson 3 from the review unit

Adding and Subtracting Rational Numbers


• First, change any mixed fractions into improper fractions
• Change both fractions so they have the same LCD (lowest common denominator)
• Add/subtract the numerators, while keeping the denominator the same
• Reduce the fraction if possible

Example 1: Perform the indicated operation. State final answers as improper fractions.
2  3 1  2
a) −4 +  −2  b) 10 − − 
5  10  6  3

 
MTH1W1 Unit 1 – Lesson 3
Multiplying Rational Numbers
• First, change any mixed numbers into improper fractions
• No LCD needed
• Multiply the numerators together, and multiply the denominators together
• Reduce the fraction if possible
o After changing any mixed numbers into improper fractions, you can always cancel any
numerator with any denominator by dividing both terms by the same number
o Make sure to watch for negative signs and remember that 2 negatives make a positive
when multiplying

Example 3: Perform the indicated operation. State final answers as improper fractions. Also, show how
this could be simplified by cancelling the numerator(s) with the denominator(s) before multiplying
 3 6 
−4 −2 
 8  7 

Dividing Rational Numbers


• First, change any mixed fractions into improper fractions
• No LCD needed
• Keep the first fraction the same, reciprocate the second fraction and change the division to
multiplication
• Multiply the numerators together, and multiply the denominators together
• Reduce the fraction if possible

Example 4: Perform the indicated operation. State final answers as improper fractions.
7 2
4
8 3

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