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Math 155 Lecture Notes Section 9,9

This document discusses techniques for representing functions using power series, particularly through the geometric series sum formula. It includes examples that demonstrate how to manipulate the series to change the center and find the corresponding intervals of convergence. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding how these operations affect the domain of the power series representation.

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17 views15 pages

Math 155 Lecture Notes Section 9,9

This document discusses techniques for representing functions using power series, particularly through the geometric series sum formula. It includes examples that demonstrate how to manipulate the series to change the center and find the corresponding intervals of convergence. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding how these operations affect the domain of the power series representation.

Uploaded by

lpclarke
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Math 155, Lecture Notes- Bonds Name____________

Section 9.9 Representation of Functions by Power Series

In this section, we will consider a few interesting techniques that will allow us to
find a power series that represents a given function. In particular, we will focus on
using the formula for the sum of a convergent geometric series to define a power
series representation of a particular function. If needed we can move the center of
the series, we can perform algebraic operations with a series, or combinations of
series, or we can use calculus based operations like differentiation, or integration to
create a particular series representation of a given function.
From Section 9.2, we can recall the following theorem:

Ex. 1: If we let a = 1 and r = x , the geometric series sum formula gives us a power
1
series representation for f ( x) = centered at c = 0 .
1− x
1 ∞ ∞
That is, f ( x) = = ∑ (1)( x) = ∑ xn , for x <1 . This series converges
n
1− x n=0 n=0
absolutely on (−1,1) .

We will use this geometric power series sum formula to develop many other
representations of functions by manipulating values of a , r , and c .
1
Ex. 2: Use the geometric series sum formula to represent f ( x) = as a power
1− x
series centered at c = −1 , and find the domain of this power series function.

?
When we change the center of this power series, we should see ( x +1) , which will
show the new center at c = −1 . Also, we will be able to find a corresponding
change in the domain of the power series representation, since we will be moving
the center of the previous interval of convergence, (−1,1) .
More Ex. 2:
4
Ex. 3: Use the geometric series sum formula to represent f ( x) = as a power
3x + 2
series centered at c = 2 , and find the interval of convergence (domain) of this
power series function.
More Ex. 3:
NOTE:
- For simplicity, the properties are stated for series centered at c = 0 .
- These operations can change the interval of convergence.
- When two series are summed, the interval of convergence for the sum is the
intersection of the intervals of convergence of two original series.

4x−7
Ex. 4: Use the geometric series sum formula to represent g ( x) = as a
2x + 3x− 2
2

power series centered at c = 0 , and find the interval of convergence (domain) of


this power series function.
More Ex. 4:
Still More Ex. 4:
Even More Ex. 4:
( )
Ex. 5: Use the geometric series sum formula to represent f ( x) = ln 1− x 2 as a
power series centered at c = 0 , and find the interval of convergence (domain) of
this power series function.
More Ex. 5:
Still More Ex. 5:
Ex. 6: Use the geometric series sum formula to represent f ( x) = arctan ( x) as a
power series centered at c = 0 , and find the interval of convergence (domain) of
this power series function.
More Ex. 6:
Still More Ex. 6:

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