Functions

Session learning outcomes:

● Describe elements of a function

● Build a function to serve an objective

add all and divide by 3

(2(1 2 , 3) =
mean ,

↑
argument

Swirl ( 3
↑
* argument

Functions
does that behind the screen
● Are embedded codes
● Can be pre-written (in base or other R packages) or
created
● Consists of:
○ Name of function
○ Arguments
 Function definition
● Create:

> Square_it ← function (input_variable1) {

result ← input_variable1^2

return (result) # can omit

● Use: > Square_it ( 10 )

Function definition
Argument
● Create:

> Square_it ← function (input_variable1) {

Name result ← input_variable1^2

return (result) # can omit

● Use: > Square_it ( 10 )

 Function definition
Argument
● Create:

> Square_it ← function (x) {

Name result ← x^2

return (result) # can omit

● Use: > Square_it ( 10 )

Function definition
Argument
● Create:

> Square_it ← function (x) {

Name y ← x^2

return (y) # can omit

● Use: > Square_it ( 10 )

 Function definition
Argument
● Create:

> papaya ← function (banana) {

Name y ← banana^2

return (y) # can omit

● Use: > papaya ( 10 )

example :

my-area < function (length width)

,

result e=
length * width
return (result)

Can we have more than one argument?

Can we have more than one argument?
> multiple_them ← function (p, q, r, s) {

answer ← p * q * r * s

return (answer)

> multiple_them (1, 56, 89, 2345)

Can we set default values for arguments?

 Can we set default values for arguments?
> multiple_them ← function (p = 1, q = 2, r = 3 , s = 4) {

answer ← p * q * r * s

return (answer)

assigned
relea }

> multiple_them (1, 56, 89, 2345) ->

11687480

> multiple_them ( ) -> /x 2x3 + 4

=

24

values above them (1 , 56, 89)

if : assigned , multiple -
-> 1x5678944 :
19936

if : no assigned values ,
multiple-them() -> error

Call by value vs Call by reference

> add_one ← function (x) {

x ← x+1

print (paste (“x value in function is”, x))

return (x)

>x←2

> add_one (x)

> print (paste (“x value outside function is”, x))

⑲ -
value")
 Call by value vs Call by reference
> add_one ← function (x) {

x[1] ← x[1] + 1

print (paste (“x value in function is”, x))

return (x)

>x←2

> add_one (x)

> print (paste (“x value outside function is”, x))

⑪
Let’s practice! In groups of three:
& Pseudocode :

create interactive
#

session

# Prompt user for

integer input between O to 9 ⑪

#Convert to colour
using if else statement ②

# Return Cobour ⑬

Session I = function (([

"Enter ")
- readline
* (prompt =
integer between 0 to 9

x = -
as. numeric (A)

if (X
-

0)[ ② or : Colours - c ("black" "brown"

,
,
"
red"
,
Colour e- "black

& else if (X==11[ "Orange" "yellow" "green"

,
,
,

Colour e- "brown" "blue" "Molet"

, "gray" ,

& else if (x = =
2)[
"White")
slour" red"
3 else if (x = =
3) [ Colours -Colours [x+17
Glou e- "orange" *
& else if (X =
=
4) [ [ 8
* -

Cobur =- "yellow" Colour-colours [x+1)

& else if (X =
=
5) [
Gobur=-"green" color="gray"
3 else if (X =
=
61[
cobur- "blue"

& else if (X = = 7= E
other method :
Cobur - "violet"

& else if (X =
=
8) [ or : use a lookup table
Cobur -

"gray"
numbers <- 0 9
&
:

else if (X =
=
9) [
names (numbers) < C(
-
"black",
cobur=- "white"
...

3
cat ("The colour selected is "colour)
3
Test 2 2020 (Past Years Question(

sesion 1 < function ( ([

#Prompt user for

input
WI-readline (prompt =
"Enter width in m")
I -readline (prompt ="Enter length in m")

#convert
string input to numeric value

w= -
as numeric (w)
-> al
1 < =
as numeric (1) 0 2
. 1 i2 3
,
.
, ,

calculate area
Integer 1, 2 , 3 ,
4 , I
area E-W # 1

asses
#

are q

if(area = 5 & area =7) <

cat C"Section area is", area)
if ( 3
- * IX
3 else[ . . .

Session I
Belsed
3
.
Y Y Y_Y
I
. .
. . . .

3
 2
Area =
Mr

Area < function ()[

prompt
& etradline (h"enter radius of arch")
re- as numeric Cr)

ae- bit Un 2

if (a > 10 & 9220) [

"
cat C"area is
,
9)

3 else if (a) 30) [

cat( "now" , 9)
3 else if (a < 100) [

cat C"woh" 9)
,

3
Functions
Session learning outcomes:

● Describe elements of a function

● Build a function to serve an objective

Integer -> 1 2 3 4 5
, , , ,
** K
numeric -> 1 ,
2 1 3 1 , 4 5 2
,
, .
,
,