BIRAT KSHITIZ COLLEGE

(Affiliated to Tribhuvan University)

Biratnagar, Nepal

Computer Networking (CACS 303)

Lab Report
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Submitted By:
Name: Bibas Basnet
Roll.no: Six (6)
Date: 2080/12/14
Submitted To:
Name: Aakriti Gupta
Signature:
 LAB-1
Title: Introduction to Networking Devices and Physical Layer Connection.
Objective:
 To be familiar with basic components of networking.
 To be familiar with cable wiring standards.
 To Prepare students to design RG-45 jacks and testing them using multi meter and
LAN tester.
Component Required:
 Hub
 Switches
 Cables (Optical Fiber, Coaxial cables, Twisted Pair Cables)
 LAN TESTER
 Clamper
Wiring Standards Used
1. Straight Through Cable:
The straight-through cable is used to connect
 Host to switch or hub
 Router to switch or hub
Or in a different types of device.
2. Cross over cable:
The cross over cable is used to connect
 Switch to switch
 Hub to hub
 Host to host
 Hub to switch
 Router direct to host.
Or in same types of devices

Pin Configuration:
Straight-through cable standard Cross-over cable standard

1
 LAB-2
Title: Creating and configuring simple peer-to-peer network having two pc’s and
testing the connectivity between them.
OBJECTIVES:

 Implement peer-to-peer network using packet tracer

 Testing connectivity between different computer present in the network.
BACKGROUND THEORY

A collection of computer joined together with equal permission and responsibilities for
data processing in peer-to- peer (P2P) networking. In contrast to traditional client-server
networking, no device in a P2P network is completely dedicated to serving on receiving
data. Each linked machine has the same permission and can be used for the same purpose
as its “peers”.
OBSERVATION AND FINDINGS:

Implement peer-to-peer network in between two pc’s and testing connectivity between
them.

Peer-to-peer Network

OUTPUT:

CONCLUSION:
The aim of this lab is to become familiar with peer-to-peer network using to PC

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 LAB-3
Title: Create a local network and testing the connectivity within the network.
OBJECTIVES:
 To create local area network using packet tracer and testing connectivity within
network.
 To study in detail about local area network
BACKGROUND THEORY:
The term “Local Area Network” refers to a network that is limited to
a single location. A LAN is a network that is contained inside a small
geographic region, usually within the same building, and is made up of two
or more connected computers. LANs are commonly used in home WIFI
networks and small business networks.

OBSERVATION AND FINDINGS:

Implement a local area network and testing the connectivity within the network.

OUTPUT:

CONCLUSION:
The Aim of the lab is to become familiar with Local Area Network.

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 Lab:4
Title: Connecting two different LAN and testing connectivity between them.
Objectives:
 To connect different LANs using router.
 To send data from one LAN to another LAN.

BACKGROUND THEROY:

LAN interconnection or internetworking is the process of interconnecting two different

LANs using router. In this Lab two different LANs are used to test the connectivity
between them LANs are commonly used in home WIFI networks and small business
networks.
OBSERVATION AND FINDINGS:

Interconnecting two different LANs and testing the connectivity between them.

Interconnecting of Local Area Network

OUTPUT:

CONCLUSION:
The aim of the lab is to become familiar with LANs and their internetworking.

4
 LAB-5
Title: Creating different VLAN and testing connectivity them.
Objective:
 Implement VLAN using packet tracker.
 Testing connectivity between different VLANs.

BACKGROUND THEORY:

A virtual LAN (VLAN) is a logical overlay network that groups together a subset of
devices that share a physical LAN, isolating the traffic for each group. A LAN is a group
of computers or other devices in the same place -- e.g., the same building or campus --
that share the same physical network. A LAN is usually associated with an Ethernet
(Layer 2) broadcast domain, which is the set of network devices an Ethernet broadcast
packet can reach
CONFIGURING VLAN:

SHOW VLAN:

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ASSIGNED VLAN

OBSERVATION AND FINDINGS:

Implementing VLAN using switch and testing connectivity between different VLANs.

6
OUTPUT:
Within same vlan:

Different VLAN:

CONCLUSION:

The aim of this lab is to familiar with VLAN and working of VLAN.

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 LAB-6
Title: Router configuration using command line interface.
Objective:
 To know about the router configuration.
 To know about command used for router configuration.
BACKGROUND THEORY:

Communication between networks would not be possible a router determining the best
path to the destination and forwarding traffic to the next router along that path. The router
is responsible for the routing of traffic between networks. You need to configure the
router so that it can communicate your network components.
PROCESS FOR ROUTER CONFIGURATION USING CLI

1. Enable router using command enable or en

2. Enter command configure terminal.
3. Enter command line console 0
4. Set the password you like.
5. Exit
6. Enable router using password
7. Go to the terminal using configure t command
8. Set a IP address and subnet mask for Gigabit Ethernet of a Router.
9. Enable the ports of a router using no shutdown command
10. Enable IP address of a computer.
OUTPUT:

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CONCLUSION:
The aim of this lab is to become familiar with command line interface.

9
 LAB-7
Title: STATIC ROUTING
Objective:
 To know about static routing.
 To know how to give IP route to a router.
BACKGROUND THEORY
Static routing is a type of network routing technique. Static routing is not a routing
protocol instead, it is the manual configuration and selection of a network route, usually
managed by the network administrator. It is employed in scenario where the network
parameters and environment are expected to remain constant.
PROCESS FOR STATIC ROUTING
1. Set a router with static IP address
2. Setup switch and desktop for communication with IP address
3. Set an another router with IP address
4. Enable ports of a router
5. Set a static route for router one and two
6. Communicate from one network to another.
Router 0

Router 1

OBSERVATIO FINDINGS

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OUTPUT:

CONCLUSION:
The aim of this lab is to become familiar with static routing.

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 LAB-8
Title: Implementing Dynamic Routing Protocol RIP
Objective:
 To know about dynamic routing.
 To know RIP dynamic protocol.
Background Theory:
Routing information protocol (RIP) is a dynamic routing protocol which uses hop count
as a routing metric to find the best path between the source and the destination network.
It is a distance vector routing protocol which has AD value 120 and works on the
application layer of the OSI model. RIP uses port number 520.
PROCESS FOR ROP ROUTING

1. Set a minimum of two router

2. Setup switch and desktop for communication with ip address
3. Enable ports of a router.
4. Set a RIP network for routers using CLI or GUI.
5. Communicate from one network to another.
Router 0

Router 1

OBSERVARTIO FINDINGS

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OUTPUT:

CONCLUSION
The aim of the lab is to become familiar with dynamic routing protocol RIP.

13
 LAB-9
Title: Implementing Dynamic Routing Protocol OSPF.
OBJECTIVE:
 To know about dynamic routing
 To know OSPF dynamic routing protocol.

BACKGROUND THEORY:
The OSPF stands for open shortest path first. IT is a widely used and supported routing
protocol. It is an intra domain protocol, which means that it is used within an area or a
network. It is an interior gateway protocol that has been designed within a single
autonomous system. It is based on a link state routing algorithm in which each router
contains the information of every domain, and based on this information, it determines the
shortest path. The goal of routing is to learn routes.
PROCESS FOR OSPF ROUTING:

1. Set a minimum three router

2. Setup switch and desktop for communication with IP
3. Enable ports of a routers
4. Set a OSPF network for routers which are not directly connected first and then
set connected networks using CLI.
5. Communicate from one network to another.

Router 9

Router 10

14
Router 11

OBSERVATION FINDINGS

OUTPUT

CONCLUSION:
The aim of the lab is to become familiar with Dynamic Routing Protocol OSPF.

15
 LAB-10
Title: DNS Server Configuration
Objectives:
 Implementing DNS server using Packet tracer.
 To know about the working of DNS server.

BACKGROUND THEORY:
When users type domain names into the URL bar in their browser, DNS servers are
responsible for translating those domain names to numeric IP addresses, leading them to
the correct website.
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the phonebook of the Internet. When users type
domain names such as
‘google.com’ or ‘nytimes.com’ into web browsers, DNS is responsible for finding the
correct IP address for those sites. Browsers then use those addresses to communicate
with origin servers or CDN edge servers to access website information. This all happens
thanks to DNS servers: machines dedicated to answering DNS queries.
CONFIGURATION:

Output:

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OBSERVATION FINDING

OUTPUT:

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