OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY- NUEVA ECIJA INC.

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

First Semester, A.Y. 2024-2025

1. DEFINITION OF READING: KEY ELEMENTS:

 A cognitive process involving decoding symbols to  Research Question: The core of your research that
extract meaning defines the investigation
 Introduction: Provides context and narrows down to
2. READING AS AN ACTIVE PROCESS: the specific topic
 Methods and Materials: Describes how research was
 Involves recognizing words and understanding them conducted
by using prior knowledge  Results: Objective presentation of findings, often
using charts and tables.
3. STAGES OF THE READING PROCESS:  Discussion: Interprets the results, compares them
with past research, and assesses implications.
 Pre-Reading: Prepare by setting a purpose, planning,  Conclusion: Ensures that all parts of the research are
scanning vocabulary, and building knowledge connected and the aim is achieved.
 Reading: Make predictions, monitor comprehension,
and revise as you read WEEK 3: ORGANIZATIONAL PATTERNS:
 Post-Reading: Reflect, discuss, summarize, and
evaluate the text  Organizational patterns help writers present their ideas in a
logical and consistent way, making it easier for readers to
4. COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES: understand

 Skimming: Quickly get an overview of the material. COMMON PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT:

 Scanning: Rapidly locate specific facts
 Definition: Explains the meaning of new terms or
 Detailed Reading: Focus on important information
concepts. Transitional devices include "is defined as"
with note-taking strategies like underlining,
and "refers to’’
highlighting, and summarizing
 Classification: Divides a topic into categories or
 Making Inferences: Understand implicit meanings
groups based on shared characteristics. Common
using prior knowledge
transitional devices include "classified as,"
"comprises," and "includes.
WEEK 2: ACADEMIC WRITING  Chronological: Presents events in the order they
occurred. Uses words like "first," "next," and "finally’’
ACADEMIC VS. NON-ACADEMIC TEXTS:  Process: Describes how things are done or how
something works.
 Academic: Formal, objective, specialized for scholarly  Order of Importance: Ideas are arranged based on
readers priority or significance
 Non-Academic: Informal, personal interest, aimed at  Spatial: Describes objects or locations based on their
the general public position in space.
 Cause and Effect: Explains how one event leads to
TYPES OF ACADEMIC TEXTS: another. Cause-related transitional devices include
"because of" and "due to," while effect-related terms
 Essays, textbooks, theses, case studies, reports, and include "results in" and "consequently"
research articles.  Comparison and Contrast: Discusses similarities and
differences between two or more things.
STRUCTURE OF ACADEMIC TEXTS:  Listing/Enumeration: Organizes lists of
characteristics, features, or categories.
 Clarification: Explains or clarifies ideas.
 IMRAD (Introduction, Methods, Results, and
 Summary: Provides a brief review or conclusion of the
Discussion) is a common structure in scientific texts.
main ideas.
 Each section should have a clear focus and be logically
 Generalization and Example: Uses examples to
organized clarify or support general statements.
 Addition: Introduces additional information using
terms like "furthermore" and "in addition.

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWER IN ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES

 OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY- NUEVA ECIJA INC.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
First Semester, A.Y. 2024-2025

WEEK 4: RESEARCH SKILLS: PARAPHRASING AND Outline Types:

SUMMARIZING  Alphanumeric Outline: Uses Roman
numerals, letters, and numbers to structure
1. Paraphrasing the paper.
 Decimal Outline: Uses numbers in a decimal
 Definition: Restating someone else’s ideas in your format (1, 1.1, 1.2) for organization.
own words while keeping the original meaning intact Thesis Statement
 Purpose:  Definition: A single sentence that presents the main
 Helps understand the text better. idea or argument of an essay.
 Reduces the temptation to over quote.  Types of Thesis Statements:
 Encourages deeper engagement with the o Analytical: Breaks down an idea into its
material. parts.
 Steps to Paraphrase: o Expository: Explains or describes a topic.
 Reread the original passage. o Argumentative: Presents a claim and
 Identify the main points. supports it with evidence.
 Rewrite in your own words. Principles of Outlining:
 Compare your version to the original to  Parallelism: Use the same grammatical structure for
ensure accuracy. similar sections (e.g., verbs in the same tense).
 Cite the source correctly.  Coordination: Group items of equal importance under
Signal Phrases: Use signal phrases like "According to..." the same heading.
or "Indicates that..." to introduce paraphrased material.  Subordination: Show the relationship between major
and minor ideas by indenting details.
2. SUMMARIZING  Division: Divide the outline into separate sections to
clarify ideas.
 Definition: Condensing the main ideas of a text into a
shorter version. KEY TAKEAWAYS FOR PARAPHRASING,
 Purpose: SUMMARIZING, AND OUTLINING
 Helps focus on essential points.
 Allows a quick understanding of the text.  Paraphrasing helps you understand and express
 Eliminates unnecessary details. complex ideas in your own words, while Summarizing
allows you to distill large amounts of information into
 Steps to Summarize: key points.
 Reread the original text.  Outlining structures your thoughts logically before
 Identify the main idea and key points. writing, helping with clarity and organization.
 Rewrite only the main points in your own  A strong Thesis Statement controls the flow of ideas
words. and sets the direction for your paper.
 Check if your summary is shorter than the
original and still captures the key ideas.
Techniques in Summarizing:
 Selection: Pick out the main ideas and
essential details.
 Rejection: Omit irrelevant or repetitive
information.
 Substitution: Use your words to simplify
longer sections of text.

WEEK 5: RESEARCH SKILLS: OUTLINING AND THESIS

STATEMENT
Outlining
 Definition: A tool used to organize ideas and structure
an essay.
 Purpose:
 Helps organize thoughts and structure your
Prepared by:
writing.
 Visualizes the flow of your paper.
MR. KEVIN AVORQUE, LPT
 Identifies important details and eliminates
MS. ANGELA DENNISE C. MARCOS, LPT
irrelevant ones.
Teacher’s Note: Good luck to all examinees! Believe in
yourself, trust the hard work you've put in, and face the exam
with confidence. Remember, you've got all the knowledge you
need to ace this. Stay calm, stay focused, and give it your best
shot! You've got this!"

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWER IN ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES