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Lecture

The document discusses transformer inrush current, which occurs when a transformer is reconnected to a power source, resulting in a transient current that can be 3.5 to 10 times the rated full-load current. It also covers various cooling methods for transformers, including air cooling for dry type transformers and oil cooling for oil immersed transformers, detailing different types such as Air Natural, Air Forced, Oil Natural Air Natural, and Oil Forced Water Forced cooling systems. Proper consideration of inrush current and cooling methods is essential for the effective protection and operation of transformers.

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Eng mohamed
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8 views26 pages

Lecture

The document discusses transformer inrush current, which occurs when a transformer is reconnected to a power source, resulting in a transient current that can be 3.5 to 10 times the rated full-load current. It also covers various cooling methods for transformers, including air cooling for dry type transformers and oil cooling for oil immersed transformers, detailing different types such as Air Natural, Air Forced, Oil Natural Air Natural, and Oil Forced Water Forced cooling systems. Proper consideration of inrush current and cooling methods is essential for the effective protection and operation of transformers.

Uploaded by

Eng mohamed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transformer

Lecture (12)
Transformer Inrush Current :

 When a transformer is taken off-line, a certain amount of residual flux


remains in the core.

 The residual flux can be 50% to 90% of the maximum operating flux.

 When a voltage is reapplied to the transformer, the flux introduced by


this source voltage builds upon that already existing in the core.

 Depending on the transformer design, the magnitude of the current


passes through transformer will be 3.5 to 10 times the rated full-load
current. This current is the inrush current.
Transformer Inrush Current :

 Inrush current is a transient current drawn by the transformer when it


is suddenly connected to power source.

 It is very large than the steady-state (rated) current.

 The inrush current decays rapidly during the first half cycle.

 The inrush current must be taken into consideration when selecting


circuit breakers and fuses for protection in any circuit containing a
transformer.
According to cooling
• A)Air Cooling For Dry Type
Transformers:
• It is used for transformers that use voltages
below 25KV

• 1)Air natural Type (A.N.)


• This type of Transformer Cooling method applies
to dry type transformer of small rating.
• As power ratings increase, transformers are often
cooled by forced-air cooling
According to cooling

• 2)Air Forced type (A.F.)


• The air is forced on to the tank
surface to increase the rate of heat
dissipation.
• The fans are switched on when the
temperature of the winding
increases above permissible level.
According to cooling
• B)Cooling For Oil Immersed
Transformers:
• 1)Oil Natural Air Natural Type (O.N.A.N.)
• This type of Transformer cooling is
widely used for oil filled transformers up
to about 30MVA.
• Heat is transferred from transformer
windings and core to the oil and the
heated oil is cooled by the natural air.
• Cooling area is increased by providing
the cooling tubes.
According to cooling
• B)Cooling For Oil Immersed
Transformers:

Oil Natural Air Natural Transformer Cooling


According to cooling
• B)Cooling For Oil Immersed
Transformers:

Oil Natural Air Forced Transformer Cooling


According to cooling
• B)Cooling For Oil Immersed
Transformers:
3)Oil Forced Air Forced Type (O.F.A.F.)
Oil Natural Air Forced type of cooling is
not adequate to remove the heat caused
by the losses.
Transformers above 60 MVA employ a
combination of Forced Oil and Forced
Air Cooling.
According to cooling
• B)Cooling For Oil Immersed
Transformers:

Oil Forced Air Forced Transformer Cooling


According to cooling
• B)Cooling For Oil Immersed
Transformers:
4)Oil Forced Water Forced (O.F.W.F.)
This type of cooling Is provided for very
large transformers which have ratings of
some hundreds of MVA
This type of transformers is used in large
substations and power plants.
According to cooling
• B)Cooling For Oil Immersed
Transformers:

Oil Forced Water Forced Transformer Cooling

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