Informatics Practices Practical File

Section 1: Python Programs using Pandas and Matplotlib

1. Read and Display a CSV File

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

print(data)

Output: Displays the contents of data.csv.

2. Basic Statistics with Pandas

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

print("Mean:\n", data.mean())

print("Median:\n", data.median())

print("Standard Deviation:\n", data.std())

Output: Displays the mean, median, and standard deviation of the numeric columns.

3. Filtering Data from a DataFrame

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

filtered_data = data[data['Marks'] > 50]

print(filtered_data)

Output: Displays rows where "Marks" is greater than 50.

4. Sorting a DataFrame

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

sorted_data = data.sort_values(by='Marks', ascending=False)

print(sorted_data)

Output: Displays the DataFrame sorted by "Marks" in descending order.

5. Handling Missing Values

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

data.fillna(0, inplace=True)

print(data)

Output: Replaces all missing values with 0 and displays the updated DataFrame.

6. Grouping and Aggregation

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

grouped_data = data.groupby('Class')['Marks'].mean()

print(grouped_data)

Output: Displays the average marks for each class.

7. Creating a Bar Chart

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

plt.bar(data['Name'], data['Marks'])

plt.xlabel('Name')

plt.ylabel('Marks')

plt.title('Marks of Students')

plt.show()

Output: A bar chart of students' marks.

8. Line Plot

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

plt.plot(data['Date'], data['Temperature'], marker='o')

plt.xlabel('Date')

plt.ylabel('Temperature')
plt.title('Temperature Over Time')

plt.show()

Output: A line plot showing temperature changes over time.

9. Pie Chart

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

plt.pie(data['Marks'], labels=data['Name'], autopct='%1.1f%%')

plt.title('Marks Distribution')

plt.show()

Output: A pie chart of marks distribution.

10. Histogram

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

plt.hist(data['Marks'], bins=5, color='skyblue', edgecolor='black')

plt.xlabel('Marks Range')

plt.ylabel('Frequency')

plt.title('Histogram of Marks')

plt.show()

Output: A histogram showing the frequency of marks.

11. Scatter Plot

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

plt.scatter(data['Age'], data['Marks'], color='green')

plt.xlabel('Age')

plt.ylabel('Marks')
plt.title('Age vs Marks')

plt.show()

Output: A scatter plot of age vs marks.

12. Add a New Column

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

data['Total Marks'] = data['Maths'] + data['Science'] + data['English']

print(data)

Output: Displays the DataFrame with a new column "Total Marks".

13. Save DataFrame to a New CSV

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

data.to_csv('new_data.csv', index=False)

print("File saved successfully.")

Output: Saves the DataFrame to a new CSV file.

14. Display Top 5 Rows

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

print(data.head())

Output: Displays the first 5 rows of the DataFrame.

15. Calculate Correlation

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

print(data.corr())

Output: Displays the correlation matrix of numeric columns.

16. Calculate Frequency of a Column

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

frequency = data['Category'].value_counts()

print(frequency)

Output: Displays the frequency of each category in the "Category" column.

17. Box Plot

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

plt.boxplot(data['Marks'])

plt.title('Box Plot of Marks')

plt.show()

Output: A box plot of marks.

18. Highlight Maximum and Minimum Values

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

print("Max Marks:\n", data['Marks'].max())

print("Min Marks:\n", data['Marks'].min())

Output: Displays the maximum and minimum marks.

19. Merge Two DataFrames

import pandas as pd

data1 = pd.read_csv('data1.csv')

data2 = pd.read_csv('data2.csv')

merged_data = pd.merge(data1, data2, on='ID')

print(merged_data)

Output: Displays the merged DataFrame based on "ID".

20. Drop a Column

data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

data = data.drop(columns=['Unwanted_Column'])

print(data)

Output: Displays the DataFrame after dropping the specified column.

Section 2: SQL Queries with Functions

1. Display all data from a table

SELECT * FROM students;

Output: Displays all records from the "students" table.

2. Count the number of students

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM students;

Output: Displays the total count of students.

3. Find the average marks

SELECT AVG(marks) FROM students;

Output: Displays the average marks of all students.

4. Find the maximum marks

SELECT MAX(marks) FROM students;

Output: Displays the highest marks.

5. Find the minimum marks

SELECT MIN(marks) FROM students;

Output: Displays the lowest marks.

6. Display students scoring more than 80

SELECT * FROM students WHERE marks > 80;

Output: Displays details of students scoring more than 80.

SELECT class, AVG(marks) FROM students GROUP BY class;

Output: Displays the average marks for each class.

8. Find total marks of all students

SELECT SUM(marks) FROM students;

Output: Displays the total marks scored by all students.

9. Display distinct classes

SELECT DISTINCT class FROM students;

Output: Displays all unique classes.

10. Display students sorted by marks in descending order

SELECT * FROM students ORDER BY marks DESC;

Output: Displays students sorted by marks in descending order.

11. Display students scoring between 60 and 80

SELECT * FROM students WHERE marks BETWEEN 60 AND 80;

Output: Displays students with marks in the specified range.

12. Find the number of students in each class

SELECT class, COUNT(*) FROM students GROUP BY class;

Output: Displays the count of students in each class.

13. Display students whose names start with 'A'

SELECT * FROM students WHERE name LIKE 'A%';

Output: Displays students whose names start with 'A'.

14. Find the length of student names

SELECT name, LENGTH(name) AS Name_Length FROM students;

Output: Displays the length of each student's name.

SELECT UPPER(name) FROM students;

Output: Displays all student names in uppercase.

16. Find the total marks in each class

SELECT class, SUM(marks) FROM students GROUP BY class;

Output: Displays total marks for each class.

17. Display current date and time

SELECT NOW();

Output: Displays the current date and time.

18. Extract year from the date of birth

SELECT name, YEAR(dob) AS Birth_Year FROM students;

Output: Displays names and birth years of students.

19. Find students with duplicate marks

SELECT marks, COUNT(*) FROM students GROUP BY marks HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;

Output: Displays marks that are duplicated.

20. Delete students with marks less than 40

DELETE FROM students WHERE marks < 40;

Output: Deletes records of students with marks below 40.