Turbine Control LSS bus

1.1 GAS TURBINE NORMAL OPERATION

1.1.1 Introduction

During normal operation, the control system manipulates the fuel valve based on PT (Power
Turbine) speed control where several topping controllers protect the turbine from excessive wear
or dangerous operating conditions. The PT controller reference is determined by the operational
demand of the turbine. The controllers having an effect on the PT speed are:
 • Start Ramp

• Acceleration Control

• De-acceleration Control

• N1 Control (GG)

• N2 Control (PT)

• EGT Control

• CDP Control

1.2 FUEL GAS SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR GG

The fuel supply system consists of fuel gas filters and fuel gas control system. The package is
controlled by the automatic starting the shutdown sequence circuits in the unit control panel, and
by the electronic governor in the governor panel.

Hydraulic control oil is piped from the hydraulic oil supply to the fuel control system for the
operation of the throttle valve. Fuel gas from the fuel gas distribution system passes through a
40-micron strainer when it enters the package and its pressure is controlled and flow is regulated
before it passes into the gas generator combustion chambers.

The package contains:

1. Gas flow throttle, with actuator

2. Limit switch

3. Throttle position transducer

4. Solenoid valves

5. Pressure switches

6. Indicators

7. Isolation valves

Hydraulic control oil is piped from the hydraulic oil supply to the fuel control system for the
operation of the throttle valve. Fuel gas from the fuel gas distribution system passes through a 40
micron strainer when it enters the package and its pressure is controlled and flow is regulated
before it passes into the gas generator combustion chambers.

2 GE MARK VI- E - TURBINE CONTROL SYSTEM (TCS)

2.1.1 Turbine and Compressor Control (3K101/201) PCR 21/2008

 N1 = GG Speed
 N2 = Compressor Speed
In general, the Twin Pack engine is operated mainly via communication interface with the DCS.
This interface will be maintained in the new system. Typically, the START command is given to
both Lead and Follow engines. The Follow engine is started first, followed automatically by the
Lead engine. Once running, the Lead unit sends its N1 speed reference to the Follow unit. There
is one PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) for maintaining N2 at the desired level during normal
operation. In the absence of other constraints (e.g. individual topping limits), the output of this
N2 PID controls the fuel valve position of both Lead and Follow engines. Software has provisions
for individual operation of each engine (i.e., with the other shutdown).

Once the Unit starting sequence is complete and the control system reaches Ready to Load
condition, Operator may switch the controller to REMOTE operation (DCS). Accordingly, the Set
Point for N2 is then supplied via 4-20mA signal from the DCS. This signal is the output of the
Suction Pressure Controller 03-PIC-2013. In LOCAL mode, the N2 Set Point may be altered via
RAISE/LOWER commands sent via the MODBUS link. The control system will hold the recycle
valves in fully open position until Ready to Load condition is reached. At that point the Anti-surge
controllers will be enabled and will adjust the position of the recycle valves based on the location
of the operating point of each stage from its Surge Limit Line (SLL). The minimum position (i.e.,
opening of each valve) can be determined via 4-20mA signals from the DCS. Controllers can never
close the valve more than the minimum “clamp”, supplied from the DCS. On a Normal Stop,
controllers will ramp recycle valves to a fully open position. On an ESD, controllers will immediately
send fully open command to the valves.

If continuous surge is detected in either stage, the anti-surge system will issue a trip command.
Continuous surge is defined as 3 surge cycles within 12 seconds. These values may be adjusted
based on field data.

2.1.2 Turbine and Compressor Control (2K101/102 and 2K103)

This chapter describes the turbine and compressor control, providing a description of the main
control functions.

In general, the engine is operated mainly via communication interface with the DCS. This interface
will be maintained in the new system.

Once the Unit starting sequence is complete and the control system reaches Ready to Load
condition, Operator may switch the TCS to REMOTE operation (DCS). Accordingly, the Set Point
for N2 is then supplied via 4-20mA signal from the DCS. This signal is the output of the Suction
Pressure Controller 02-FIC-1247/02-FIC-1249. In LOCAL mode, the N2 Set Point may be altered
via RAISE/LOWER commands sent via the MODBUS link.

The control system will hold the recycle valves in fully open position until Ready to Load condition
is reached. At that point the Anti-surge controllers will be enabled and will adjust the position of
the recycle valves based on the location of the operating point of each stage from its Surge Limit
Line (SLL). The minimum position (i.e., opening of each valve) can be determined via 4-20mA
signals from the DCS.

Controllers can never close the valve more than the minimum “clamp”, supplied from the DCS. On
a Normal Stop, controllers will ramp recycle valves to a fully open position. On an ESD, controllers
will immediately send fully open command to the valves.

If continuous surge is detected in either stage, the anti-surge system will issue a trip command.
Continuous surge is defined as 3 surge cycles within 12 seconds. These values may be adjusted
based on field data.

Emergency Oil Pump (DC Pump): (GM118)

Lube Oil Run down Tank (C124)

A lube oil run down tank is provided overhead to take over the supply of lube oil to the
bearings to cool and lubricate in the event of failure of both lube oil pumps, while the machine
is running down. This tank is always maintained full by supplying a small amount of oil
through an orifice, which overflows back to the reservoir. The tank is to be filled up by the
¾” bypass valve of the orifice (and NRV) before start up. A continuously overflowing stream
of oil from the top of the tank ensures that the tank is always full. When the tank is full, it is
at an elevation of about 6.5 meters from the centre of the compressor shaft.

GG Start up procedure
The purpose of starter motor is to rotate the GG compressor during start up to get sufficient air in the
flame tube for combustion. It has two speeds. First speed (1200 rpm) is used for purging the GG during
start up and the second speed (2150 rpm) is used for ignition. Starter motor is disengaged after ignition.

Dry Cranking is done during crank wash or when a need arises to purge the GG of fuel gas. Following
procedure is adopted for dry cranking from the Start Permissive page of GUS.

 Field operator has to ensure the line-up of the GG lube/hydraulic oil pump.
 Ensure that starter motor switch in MCC is “ON”.
 In the Start Permissive page of the DCS, click the Crank Mode selector tab and select Dry.
 Click the Starter Motor tab to select ON.
 Ensure that the GG lube/Hyd oil pump starts automatically or Start it manually.
 Starter motor will run at first speed only (1200 rpm)
 It can be stopped manually by switching the crank selector switch to Normal.
 If it is not stopped manually, it will stop automatically after 200 seconds.
Fuel gas supplied from the plant could contain liquid. This liquid, if allowed into the GG can
cause flame instability and speed fluctuation. Therefore, this liquid is filtered in the micro
scrubber. On high level in the micro scrubber, alarm is annunciated in MCR.

Fuel gas (FG) to the micro scrubber is supplied at 18.5 bar. At the outlet of micro scrubber
there is an SDV_0216 (0217 for 2K103). This SDV closes on ESD, Fire shut down and EDPV. This
should be reset from MCR.

Fuel gas from the micro scrubber passes through the shut off valve ESDV_1413, FG control
valve and gets distributed to the 8 burners via the FG manifold. Hydraulic oil is used to actuate
the fuel gas control valve. The valve opening is determined by Turbine Control System (TCS),
based on PT speed requirement. On any shut down, the ESDV_1413 closes and ESDV_1414
opens and vents the fuel gas trapped between the ESDV_1413 and GG.

During start up, if high pressure is sensed in the fuel gas manifold, PAH 1332 initiates alarm at
0.65 bar and start up is inhibited. Also, if the FG control valve is not at its minimum position,
alarm is annunciated.

The fuel gas pressure is transmitted to the Turbine Control System (TCS) by 2PT_1334 A&B and
the following alarms and shut downs are initiated.
EQUIP. TAG DESCRIPTION ALARM SHUTDOWN

2KT101 PDT-1201 GG air intake filter ∆p 12.4 (H) mbarg 17.4 mbarg

PT-1334 Fuel Gas 19/14.5 barg (H/L) 20.7/10(HH/LL)

2KT103 PDT-1401 GG air intake filter ∆p 12.4 (H) mbarg 17.4 mbarg

PT-1534 Fuel Gas 19/14.5 barg (H/L) 20.7/10(HH/LL)

3KT101A PDT-1352A GG air intake filter ∆p 12.4 (H) mbarg 17.4 mbarg
(Lead)
PT-1355A Fuel Gas 22/12 barg (H/L) 25/10 (HH/LL)

3KT101B PDT-1352B GG air intake filter ∆p 12.4 (H) mbarg 17.4 mbarg
(Follow)
PT-1355B Fuel Gas 22/12 barg (H/L) 25/10 (HH/LL)
2KT101 PDT-2201 GG air intake filter ∆p 12.4 (H) mbarg 17.4 mbarg

PT-2334 Fuel Gas 19/14.5 barg (H/L) 20.7/10(HH/LL)

2KT203 PDT-2401 GG air intake filter ∆p 12.4 (H) mbarg 17.4 mbarg

PT-2534 Fuel Gas 19/14.5 barg (H/L) 20.7/10(HH/LL)

3KT201A PDT-2352A GG air intake filter ∆p 12.4 (H) mbarg 17.4 mbarg
(Lead)
PT-2355A Fuel Gas 22/12 barg (H/L) 25/10 (HH/LL)

3KT201B PDT-2352B GG air intake filter ∆p 12.4 (H) mbarg 17.4 mbarg
(Follow)
PT-2355B Fuel Gas 22/12 barg (H/L) 25/10 (HH/LL)