ChaptilI

Mem. maped y
modijed o mat shun ou amn
-

he duodu is
i to he yo duice
1/D add is plaud, g0es
u s e d inr 1o
AamL
Cds Wmem ado.
Mum. Malped 1/0
Isolatrd Ho rakd a
0Mo deuice
0yo dwices r aled p par nmoy.
4m meunony. camotbe ued a
MB add.pace s Full iMB
)all mem
ma.I hne /o duusY
duucesr
as
dvaulable or s e
as pau DL mauo
used to mattol udd
p.
iusuitions
9No p
3No p. nsue
smuc aue
aue nuded

£ IN,
peyom Vo spuahit.
D . Nomal
peym
mem.aAd umals wsed.
DU'T, INS, 0vts
taks plae No feshicioM m m.m-vo.
4Dale asfer place G
a l e plae
Al or A Trams e m

H y0 poRl amd Rugista

DUT)
Hg nly: (pw N
ot De s onel ES:D LocaiM
70 mtauclion
MoL l6 i t daHa A to
DUT dH, AX
ALto 6h amd
ov86 H,
AH o 8m

8 bis a u o d to AL Am po 19H
IN AL, 19H
IN AL, EDX 8 biBs T AL f o por
availale in uaiuki DX

# is smk 00H-PfH
Direut / o : po
ndirt u 1/0 poA * is 1 bits: bUOD H-PFFFH

IN 4X, 34 H byks 3 4 H amol 3SH

o A
 /0lisao

I/0 duices ase oune ueA to powor Hoal

poAs
YOusHuy ase ba u )
3 bit ide
8, 16 0

wpu oleuc.es Muxt be jsolaled Am H bus,

umwamed lgarhage) dasa may be hronafexted
els
h He bus.
- t a bute

Outpul duice: use Larrhs Shuw a por

bein dined ouu. As u u pov

ed Yo tain Mi supu daa ule
migu
pO be dang Mme BHua proci
u nit J

o
nTus/aung wpul deuces Heguire bfert.
tufaun utput deeices negure lateha
deuice
ssg1mnmable luphual lnayau (lIT)
prouwdu Hue feauns.
 / 0 utaeino
1/0
Ifo
solate Vo Y yo mpped
dosn
OUT 4O0TS
usMucuons trauu
I I , INs,
uPs accumtnlalor.
b
he /0 deuuice ase
Hhe 1/0 Jocaluons
Tsolatea des caibes houo
olalea from hu m c n o i Syslem m a f

1/0 adanss pACe Hh

alled poAs, ale p
The addrenu er 1/0,
c o m evpaid moDy
Mmon; '" PeAs a j t Ap us
to i i l l Bte fo usia u spau tr VO potg:
saddak raufeu f u must be
bfs- yo
IN, INS, O0T &OoTS ns/uc?
QLCCrd b
Mp m o Kgmals 10 KC,10 wC ae duelaped.
Mem+o
gu-Appe
mdppeA Yo

he rons
ussek. lE doenu u IN, INS
a donplish
OUT oUTS
duice u reakd as a mon
amemgy -mapped y0
Joca" u mbuoy nmap. be uset
ramsfer usuc" cau
main adw: any n '
A
atce H y dumce
M a i n isad:
a posion meng. s useel as o Omap
iqmals 0 Mau tune 2 ma
/OkC anod 70C
no
t 7
nduve Circuu rqred duding
andshaking Handshakiny
Haudshatiy ar
Hhok u.
duied l o v u Ash tho u.
1/0 h yo duuie
ynchamins
poling
p o l l i n g
plaus
prinhi, prina placw
Ascl chas o
Jnds n 4wa's
MP checsBOsy
nBus1 pin i olone
olbne pinhing,it
ph 4laces0
l a ces O0
K n printa it
ash 1. w t ckou ph
Thin uY u n a
BUsY rn nlumsgaluy hu
pnei
pinHra
This pmus
denice" u calus onlshokt'ny
 /o poAtt dd deodin jlas
umiles o
to nmom add
delpdioh dILodu p
Mam. oaPped /0 desodoed
Aqy Ao A,: Ad 4 A Ydluvdoat
Por ilalod /0 A5 to ase

daeims nl da-Av
Ammenmes ae dwoded i y fixe
o add tweo read or
lowc ach Vae hne Y0 duic
ORC md
wm opUaluen
-bi /o poAt addn u
8ant /0 poy nuumnbus appeau Ar-o as 60UDH-OHA
- D com alro ada /o pors bbH- AH
PoCPOH)
FIH) Do not( A2 d snotand anolonn
notH
A 4y n d A3
amd not A, Gnndndt o )
A DlFH) L I t oo00 FoMJ
Dy no An anol As and mol 4
ovne n A3 ame nt A am

duodog o Pov Aand Ao

/ 6DD PIH

Aame puippse dgodiny FDH-PH.

as epposad to e n ustng Pis.

6 oitAs-4o ae deuodid sirilasty t A-4

 FOH-F1
ol0ODMn

Max
c0ubjna
alu pos.
Axa D
Ao

irui A
wponus
q24
As

aud As oud
ad
A amd
(4, amd t, nst4,
Dovee anel
LD nst Ag md
noth

tnel o
1|000oFoH)

aual hi au
nol A ond
A Cnd Ar
Da nat A d Az and h anel h)

E FF8H-EFFH
deod.o
Ar Miy 31S 8 &upug r
Max
l
l i on
AA4A4 4ak
DA hud Au
notA
CePe

9
wax l5 auB, o wing
COm aue
bils
add. NAND qak to tuline 4 add.
omm umut.
 B54 PuBqMAMmable Inliwal Tum 1CAl)
CoM o Hunce ndpendut lbbit po
C&mlirs tmus)
eah cemlu is
apcuble t Muniug w buayor B
max allrwable pu frto: s IoMH2 (Hul fue
o
acC. to he clotk Upuk. al 3 haue ndi. tock
puks)

DoD4'doula pins Husugl sih He Hunee coumlbri all

PAsalam mid.
CLKo CLE, ,CL clocka tor he 3 coutirs
qato,Gak, qate gali ignal u is sd to staut, Hu
Dut,Dul, Out whn uDunlu beUmus Do, sut mgmal
!

Gou mg (n one the nnodes), This is

0Dutp u

AAfundho-
1

LsgHammung Bd5
mdinidual uma Words tor euuy ouulu
wewo to A d keu- at A,4o=11
aMe
Hwe m a wrs i h a l Counrvaluy to hae tcuufer
One Hat u cdone, Mand
o Hdcouute
- Hun enable geks o r the ouukrs

11
 5 4 10
19BCD, 0 biua
Mode (o to 5)
Read /ike sulio
Acleu O0: COuntex lckchcnd
0nkt
01: / luast s9. byle onuy
ctr1
11 / s luastM Bk frrt.
I ad follpnoeod bey Mo most
back Unmo

sich o l u s being. pbgramnmed. o 3 u t o t word

A
wPuld be ntedea to pagram he Huee
Thuy caN be p ra i) un Ordis.
thu
t h e mode epuallon, ie. Shihu all 16 bik to be
only nluy uppe or owr hall o be procM Ld, Dr
wutnuItU be lathed mlo agdhi, Wie /kead
or 6 bit nud to be exeuuled twiCe as nly { dala
n s awailable.
T u e anl modi epua,0 to6, ne Hng
sdekd
WRITE 3448 H ln touni 1
Mov 4, +0H wDrd
OUT 6H, AL wite to utAo
UTnntu1 modeo

biau MOV AL, 98 H

0UT 42HAL 98 n Lovu i k
18
Hin SB) Mov AL, 3AH
OUT 42H, AL 34 m ppa byke

O1 01 0000 /3A in MsB Lonli 1

MOV 4L, 5DH 0110 000b
OUT 46M, AL
MOV 4L, 60H
MOV AL, 18 H
OUr 46H, AL
Our 42H, AL
MOV AL, 3AH
0Ur 4H, AL
 Modes of operation 8351
ouulls arc omand allows t0adiug Hhe (suleus 0
Uouul+ o tte Hy" without alfttting. tauning
m pleak whatun tie value d Hue ouutu i: a
Ma mslaMCe will be lathe dulo a ug ounol
Once dal iu uod,
HL u Conn suuad Hus dola.
sla folloi he coumba
He Latch ' again
MOV AL, 000d D000 b
o o o|Xx Xx mov G H, AL Latching
Adetig letch
IN AL, HO H HROdina

Sile HEOdina, latchad value ) a

wt gine add Huar lsg in

pourculas Hgiaki,
He IN Cwnd ho S UontAol SDrd Klgisbes.

gine dilf Lonio1 wnras

Kead-bauk command i n g a suge tna, use

afchn all 3 wunlus aF Me danni tinne

1 1 ouni | Leatis CNTa CIT 1|CTO O

1-)
latch oteh lotehu
Sheusfer
akch Uomt Onuuof1.
1
o
To0o1lo
gLalus
hyem
Ouly tv
w i all w u t t telu
ouittev
ad to be latthao COLinubl 41.

Firs+ IN cmal
Third IN
u u n shetis,
uond IN'U
Mb nkes
Omu.
 eac Lmlu is ploa by iing Ab STYd,
Stfal Count
outol isrd allbos Hhe prhqrammiA. to ARU
o OTlt mode 6peLaO
tyeeputionbinayorBCD

Mope OJnluypt on unmwal cout (uul mtu)

-

Qu g0u lous whun mwocte word or nm wnis

idotL applicd amd geuk=1, couutoloon begpns

DumteUon
stops if gake 0, Huums guh-l
iSuiun
Dwmt witkn it N, foGou migh ayku N+1 dou
0
our knnaius higtu Hu a nuo counl witen.
O 1 3 5

OUT Lout
6 t1Locudec

MoDe 1: Kutugaable nt-shot

gete put iggurt he c u t e
the
Apute wupul go Migm duing. Hhe ouuing,
ujuwR MsU az to uíHal value "omd wult dasus

- nihaly ouriu Migh . whm geuk goesuigta, tae

uww.heseuk olthon ounuking; md ou a Cos-
duuing Hair ime.
qah nud not be migh during ouire ime. .

hig beyore
Comhe copluti n, ir
-1qah g0u
AHak n inihal waluu.
 gak L
1

Mode : Awws omu to quuak suiu tiupus

pulses h a r aue ohe
ulide
cdotk pulse

dilumined b He s u u
dep uo pulses
c o w t lo, 0ut u 1 for
1 p ulses, t a n o
for
t n u clotk pullke
Hu nug Lomu plaad or G u
Tus ouinus

mad .
us mocle to uontnuouuu
Gatu must be 1 for
mupl plstu
iiltHIHir
6mt y
wane aF u
+MOde emual OningUL Aquaie
h a s to be 1 enhre time.
o n t nen high tor haly, Jow for ha
Cn 0da ign for 1 Aoking puuod Louge.

37
 Mode C8umlin poducus ngle pulse

iLuntu10, ou Migtn frr 10, then loto for

peaíod
Gwst be igh for hir mot Fo tpetak.
Modc Mand1saAl- higgcrcd omo -shot Hha fwnchons

Stasted b a mgger pulse m on mkad

Aikhoau
alro Mnilar to mole L as it ií uetigguahle.

1 1 |21 31 4| S|6|1|819 lo

MoCtL u

G
6 Leumt6
3 to &

Coruct e 100 He squale Lwquek

L:9tD EHZ CSutnuOLs Pulse

mov DX, 106H

mov L, 00lo tloB
mocle3
OUT DX, AL
6 bis CConinueus Sq.
dala. bsaue)
MOv AL, 0 0l008
Our DX, 4L
0 Uotdlo| binauy
Cownl mode a
Cconhnue
Dulses)
dalA
 Mov DX, +odH ado Ontl 0

mov AL, 8o PM94smn ou 0 uíH 80

;
0UT DX, AL
MOV AL, 0
OUT DX, AL

H 40
Mov
mOv DX, 103 H ; prerawn toull 1
MOV 4 , 40
OUT DX, AL
mov 4L, 0
OUT DX, AL

clot preq be
To qut tuuauee: N, we diuide
Hhe Aequrea requmuy
clok freg 8 MHe 8x1o
N 8 X1O 80
XOS
 16550 PusqHammable Comm. Lniatace
- ua aynoh. Heeinn /MauitHee
0-15Mbaud baud ratu: #7 bits hranus/eted
pe seend, meudung slat, sop, daa paiy bi
Asynch suial data all raumied &Heceiued wiHut
clock
- coupukely dill mdhens au uepouible or Heuiun 4
raunnliHe Because Huis 16 sso can me" m
Ample HeCi uue or rauniHe wea by ikl),
raumir boHh, bu no togutuu)
naly-ctublen ( Aeuiun 4
mode ( Hecüng 4 aumutting inulane-
orll
Or duple u).
Kfnctlons
Ao, t , , : 0dd upuks to seleu an nllnal ngita for
Pr9gsamtuung 4 alo data rau

CTSdear to ud DSRdasa ut kuodu

DTRdala iminal yuasy DCD dota carieR datet

RTS Hgust to Aend
RXRDY Heuiun KAady, wed m DMA 4edh.
TXRDY transwite Huady, sed m DMA tech
tuAoHamug he 6550.
> iniHalizaluovn dialoa
E a two pa pHOCu
opeional diao
 LMA HAUzAUON dialk: OCOurs a l a h or uHua

conists ef uso pat ptoqnaminuing line wuliol ug

boud rali qntialo
lune cotiel sttgite slels +f dala bit
# stop bit
urn odd)or
pa - ( shutu
Asi H aiuitor hal
diuieor Hal
i Ha a
a
raummiter seion.
dtindnes Me baud rat the

ne teuel Hgisu baud Hat diím are

At must be poog
eonamwmRd, HFO Loutkol HLgistl
mecuind
t enabtes Hhe raumite 4
AC a. PO
: deass
pooudu telisls for mllupu

du wial data aboul o r wndihong

enteíns mo.
linc AhaluL ugdte uV l t s teste bore
Heu
-

Matt Hhe hraus &

uetiund
rammutted a
y t e o de shutu
whumu raumt
hHru a numit

to dilsuuine
TH ei u eolled by d
iHeDdy to Heuuudata.

Kecaciuing AUial dala slaluu

the ne
e shaluw
he R bit
toHuiu ino m 16JSD,
Hegitte tsed

Hpeewors
ndicalu wng paui prpee plau.
Huir ppee pláe.
bkr rn o m
Ua " Hep
mlnnal néceiue
Heciue
undialu
rokirg 0uun
Me unlunat'
u n L n me
mditalu dala ha
Au:
PiPo butfe

L5