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Explanation

The document outlines various methods for writing and understanding numbers, including standard, expanded, word, base 10 block, and disc forms. It explains place value, rounding numbers, and addition and subtraction techniques, both with and without renaming. Additionally, it covers mental addition and subtraction strategies to simplify calculations.

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hebatallah
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9 views7 pages

Explanation

The document outlines various methods for writing and understanding numbers, including standard, expanded, word, base 10 block, and disc forms. It explains place value, rounding numbers, and addition and subtraction techniques, both with and without renaming. Additionally, it covers mental addition and subtraction strategies to simplify calculations.

Uploaded by

hebatallah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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5 different ways to write a number

Standard form
Expanded form
Word form
Base 10 block form
disc form
Place value

5824
The digit 5 is in the thousands place
The digit 5 stands for 5000
The value of the digit 5 is 5000
The digit 8 is in the hundreds place
The digit 8 stands for 800
The value of the digit 8 is 800
The digit 2 is in the tens place
The digit 2 stands for 20
The value of the digit 2 is 20
The digit 4 is in the ones place
The digit 4 stands for 4
The value of the digit 4 is 4

Remember:
. A digit is one number
. Only when we ask about the place of a digit, we answer with the
word thousands, hundreds, tens, or ones
. Stands for = the value of a digit
Rounding numbers
Rounding means to make any number a whole number. A whole
number is a number which ends with “0”.
Rounding song:
Find the place, look next door, five or more you raise the score,
four or less, you let it rest, look to the right, put zeros in sight
5649:
. Rounded to the nearest 10=5650
. Rounded to the nearest 100=5600
. Rounded to the nearest 1000= 6000
Remember:
. Rounding a number to the nearest 10, the rounded number will
have 1 zero
. Rounding a number to the nearest 100, the rounded number will
have 2 zeros
. Rounding a number to the nearest 1000, the rounded number
will have 3 zeros
Rounding to estimate
Estimate: guess
Rounding a number to estimate the sum: round each number,
then add them together ( sum=addition)
Rounding a number to estimate the difference: round each
number, then subtract them ( difference= subtraction)
39 + 54 = 40 + 50 = 90 (rounded to the nearest 10)
156 + 232 = 160 + 230 = 390 (rounded to the nearest 10)
4673 - 3249 = 4700 - 3200 = 1500 (rounded to the nearest 100)
. 80 is a rounded number of many numbers

75 76 77 77 79 80 81 82 83 84
. 710 is a rounded number of many numbers

705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 713 714
. 6500 is a rounded number of many numbers

6535 6536 6537 6538 6539 6540 6541 6542 6543 6544

Addition without renaming


This is when we add the 2 ones, 2 tens, 2 hundreds, and
the 2 thousands, they give a number less than 10
3578
+2421
5999
In this example, when we add the 2 ones(8+1), 2 tens
(7+2), 2 hundreds (5+4), and the 2 thousands (3+2),
they give a number less than 10

Addition with renaming


This is when we add the 2 ones, or 2 tens, or 2 hundreds,
or the 2 thousands, they give a number more than 10
3654 + 7769 =
Column form place value form
111 3654
3654 + 2769
+ 2769 13 ones
6323 110 tens
1300
hundreds
5000
thousands
6323
In this example, in the column form, when we add the 2
ones(4+9), or 2 tens (5+6), or 2 hundreds (6+7), or the 2
thousands (3+7), they give a number more than 10. so,
we need to carry on the number.
Remember:
. We always start counting from the ones
. Don’t forget to circle the carry on in the column form
. Carry on: 10 ones = 1 tens, 10 tens = 1 hundreds, 10 hundreds
= 1 thousands
. In the place value form: we must have 1 zero in the tens, 2 zeros
in the hundreds, and 3 zeros in the thousands form
Mental addition:
Mental addition: using rounding to make the 2 numbers easy to
add.
Method 1: borrowing ( when the ones of the 2 numbers give 10=
1 and 9, 2 and 8, 3 and 7, 4 and 6, 5 and 5)
Example: 5998+ 1112 = 6000+ 1110 =7110
Method 2: rounding up, adding the 2 numbers, and subtract
Example: 297+ 6998 = 300 + 7000 = 7300 – 5 ( 3+ 2) =6295
(3) (2)

Subtraction without renaming


When all the upper numbers are bigger then the lower
numbers
6789
-1234
5555
Subtraction with renaming
When all or some of the upper numbers are smaller than
the lower numbers
5687 – 98 =
Column form
17 17
5 18
5687
- 98
5589
Remember:
. Check whether the ones, the tens, and the thousands of the first
number are enough to subtract from the second number, so we
can know which digits we will borrow from
. We always start checking from the ones
. Borrow: 1 thousands = 10 hundreds, 1 hundreds = 10 tens, 1
tens = 10 ones
Other ways to subtract:
. Subtraction using the expanded form subtraction: the
thousands, the hundreds, the tens, then the ones.
5000-2179 =
5000-2000=3000
3000-100=2900
2900-70=2830
2830-9=2821
. Subtraction using the 9s so that the upper number becomes
bigger than the lower number to make it easier to subtract, then
add the number that we subtracted in the beginning
4002- 2965=
(-3)
3999-2965=1034 + 3= 1037
Mental subtraction:
There are 2 ways to do mental subtraction:
. Having the same ones by adding, then subtract what we added
4995 – 1856 = 4996(+1) -1856 = 3140 – (1) =3139
. 2005-1996 = 2000 -1996 =4
2005 -2000 = 5
4+5 =9

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