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Computer Fundamental

The document provides an overview of computer fundamentals, defining a computer as an electronic device that processes data to produce information. It discusses characteristics, limitations, types, and classifications of computers, including analog, digital, and hybrid computers, as well as micro, mini, mainframe, and supercomputers. Additionally, it highlights historical milestones and notable computers developed in India.

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1994pksharma
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5 views3 pages

Computer Fundamental

The document provides an overview of computer fundamentals, defining a computer as an electronic device that processes data to produce information. It discusses characteristics, limitations, types, and classifications of computers, including analog, digital, and hybrid computers, as well as micro, mini, mainframe, and supercomputers. Additionally, it highlights historical milestones and notable computers developed in India.

Uploaded by

1994pksharma
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Theory Notes

Computer Fundamental :-
The Computer word is derived from “Greek” word “Compute”, which means
“Calculation”.
Definition of Computer:-
Computer is an electronic device which process the data according to given instructions and
gives us information (Result/ Output).
Data:-
Data are the raw fact or figures that we give to the computer for processing.
Data may be:-
➢ Numbers(0 to 9)
➢ Alphabets(A to Z)
➢ Symbols
➢ Pictures
➢ Sounds
➢ Videos
Process:-
It is a process that converts raw data in to meaning full information.
Information:-
The result that we gets from computer after processing called
“Information/Result/Output”.
“Meaning full data is called Information.”
Characterstick of coputer:-

1. Speed:- Computer have a very high processing speed. It calculate millions of


calculation a second.
2. Accuracy:- Computer gives always correct result.
3. Logical Calculation:- It can calculate mathematical calculation as well as logical
calculation at the same speed.
4. Storage Capacity:- It can store the large amount of data or information for feature
used.
5. Deligence:- Computer never gets tired or bored.
6. Versatility:- Computer is only a machine but used in almost every field.
7. Communication:- Computer provide fastest and cheapest mode of computer
communicate.
Limitation of Computer:-
1. No Feelings
2. No Emotions
3. No Comman Sence
4. No understanding
Note:-
➢ Abacus was the first calculation device.
➢ Charles Babbage is the father of computer.
➢ Charles Babbage invented two machine which name was Analytical and Difference
engine.
➢ John wan newman gives the basic structure of computer.
Computer System:-
A computer is said to be complete when it have two things.
1. Hardware
2. Software
Hardware:-
All the machinery or physical parts of computer are called Hardware.
Ex. CPU, Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse, Printer, Motherboard, SMPS, UPS, RAM, ROM etc.
Software:-
It is collection of many programs (collection of instructions) that tells the hardware how to
do any work.
Ex:- System Software and Application Software.
Type of Computer:-
1. Analog Computer
2. Digital Computer
3. Hybrid Computer
Analog Computer:-
These type of computer accept the data in waves, process the data and shows the result in
waves called Analog Computer.
Ex. E.C.G(Electro Cardio Gragh), Therma meter etc.
Digital Computer:-
These computer accept, process, shows the result and store the data always in Binary (0&1)
called Digital Computer.
Ex. Desktop, Laptop, Plaptop(Tablet) and Notepad etc.
Hybrid Computer:-
These computer works on binay (0&1) & also on waves. It is the combination of Analog and
Digital Computer.
Ex. MODEM(Modulator and Demodulator) and Mobile Phones etc.
Classification of Digital Computer:-
There are four type of Digital Computer, which are following-
1. Micro Computer
2. Mini Computer
3. Mainframe Computer
4. Super Computer
Micro Computer or Personal Computer(PC):-
Micro computer is smallest, cheapest and least powerfull but fit for personal use. They are
called micro computer because they have only one processor. They are used as alone
machine or client computer in network. They are also called Personal Computer (PC).
Ex. Desktop, Laptop, Plaptop(Tablet) and Notepad etc.

Mini Computer:-
It is larger, faster, more powerfull and costly computer than micro coputer. They have many
processor and large storage capacity for faster processing.
They are always used as a sever in small to middle size organization or computer network.
Mainframe Computer:-
It is larger, faster, more powerfull and costaly computer than mini computer. They have
many processor and large storage capacity for faster processing.
They are also used as sever in middle to large size organization or computer network.
Super Computer:-
It is largest, fastest, most powerfull and most costaly computer of the word. It is always used
is mathmetical or scientific and research center by government scientist and engineer’s.
Most Important Point:-
➢ The world’s first mico computer is Altar 8800.
➢ The world’s first mini computer is PDP-1
➢ The world’s first mainframe computer is Harvard Mark-1.
➢ The world’s first super computer is Cray-1.
➢ First PC or computer made by India is Siddhartha
➢ India’s first super compuer is PARAM 8000.
➢ Super Computer Made in Indida:-

PARAM 8000 Anupam


PARAM 1000 PARAM Yuva
Aditya PARAM Yuva II

EKA AIRAWAT (JUN


2023)
➢
➢ ENIAC was the general purpose digital electronic computer which devloped by John
Mauchley and Presper Eckert.
➢ ENIAC stands Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator or Computer.
➢ UNIVAC-1 was the first commercial computer.
➢ UNIVAC-1 stands for Universal Automatic Computer.

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