Scribd
Upload
15 views1 page

Le 3

This document is a comprehensive tutorial on SQL, covering its overview, RDBMS concepts, databases, syntax, data types, operators, and expressions. It includes detailed sections on creating and deleting databases, as well as using SQL commands. The tutorial is structured with a table of contents for easy navigation and understanding of SQL fundamentals.

Uploaded by

PT A
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views1 page

Le 3

This document is a comprehensive tutorial on SQL, covering its overview, RDBMS concepts, databases, syntax, data types, operators, and expressions. It includes detailed sections on creating and deleting databases, as well as using SQL commands. The tutorial is structured with a table of contents for easy navigation and understanding of SQL fundamentals.

Uploaded by

PT A
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

SQL

Table of Contents
About the Tutorial ............................................................................................................................................ i
Audience ........................................................................................................................................................... i
Prerequisites ..................................................................................................................................................... i
Compile/Execute SQL Programs ....................................................................................................................... i
Copyright & Disclaimer ..................................................................................................................................... i
Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................ ii

1. SQL ─ Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 1


What is SQL? .................................................................................................................................................... 1
SQL Process ..................................................................................................................................................... 2
SQL Commands................................................................................................................................................ 3

2. SQL ─ RDBMS Concepts ............................................................................................................................. 5


What is RDBMS? .............................................................................................................................................. 5
SQL Constraints ............................................................................................................................................... 6
Data Integrity ................................................................................................................................................... 7
Database Normalization .................................................................................................................................. 7
Database – First Normal Form (1NF) ............................................................................................................... 8
Database – Second Normal Form (2NF) ........................................................................................................ 10
Database – Third Normal Form (3NF) ............................................................................................................ 11

3. SQL ─ RDBMS Databases ......................................................................................................................... 14


MySQL ........................................................................................................................................................... 14
MS SQL Server ............................................................................................................................................... 15
ORACLE .......................................................................................................................................................... 16
MS ACCESS..................................................................................................................................................... 17

4. SQL – Syntax ........................................................................................................................................... 19


Various Syntax in SQL .................................................................................................................................... 19

5. SQL ─ Data Types .................................................................................................................................... 24

6. SQL – Operators ...................................................................................................................................... 28


What is an Operator in SQL? ......................................................................................................................... 28
SQL Arithmetic Operators ............................................................................................................................. 28
Arithmetic Operators – Examples ................................................................................................................. 29
SQL Comparison Operators ........................................................................................................................... 30
Comparison Operators – Examples ............................................................................................................... 31
SQL Logical Operators ................................................................................................................................... 34
Logical Operators – Examples........................................................................................................................ 35

7. SQL – Expressions ................................................................................................................................... 41


Boolean Expressions ...................................................................................................................................... 41
Numeric Expressions ..................................................................................................................................... 42
Date Expressions ........................................................................................................................................... 43

8. SQL – CREATE Database .......................................................................................................................... 45

9. SQL ─ DROP or DELETE Database ............................................................................................................. 46

10. SQL ─ SELECT Database, USE Statement .................................................................................................. 47

ii

You might also like