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Lesson 4 Variance and Standar Deviation of Dicrete

The document outlines the process for calculating the variance of discrete probability distributions, including steps for finding the mean, subtracting it from each value, squaring the results, and multiplying by the corresponding probabilities. It provides a detailed example with calculations leading to a variance of 0.75 and a standard deviation of 0.87. Additionally, it includes activities for further practice in finding variance and standard deviation for different random variables.

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Pauline Misty Panganiban
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20 views15 pages

Lesson 4 Variance and Standar Deviation of Dicrete

The document outlines the process for calculating the variance of discrete probability distributions, including steps for finding the mean, subtracting it from each value, squaring the results, and multiplying by the corresponding probabilities. It provides a detailed example with calculations leading to a variance of 0.75 and a standard deviation of 0.87. Additionally, it includes activities for further practice in finding variance and standard deviation for different random variables.

Uploaded by

Pauline Misty Panganiban
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statistics and Probability

Variance of Discrete
Probability Distribution
c e ll e n c e
Objectives:
Cul Ex f
t u re o

1. Illustrate and calculate the variance of discrete


random variable;
2. Interpret the variance of a discrete random
variable and
3. Solve problems involving variance of probability
distributions.

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Introduction
c e ll e n c e
Cul Ex f
t u re o

The variance and standard deviation


describe the amount of spread, dispersion,
or variability of the items in a distribution.

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c e ll e n c e
Steps in Finding the Variance and Standard
Cul Ex f
t u re o
Deviation of a Discrete Probability
Distribution

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.


2. Subtract the mean from each value of the
random variable X.
3. Square the results obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.

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c e ll e n c e
Cul Ex
t u re o
f
Step 1.
X P(X) X • P(X)
Find the mean of 3 1/8 3/8
the probability
distribution 2 3/8 6/8
using the 1 3/8 3/8
formula 0 1/8 0

μ=∑X• P(X) µ= Ʃ 𝑋 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋) =


12
= 1.5
8

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c e ll e n c e
Step 2.
Cul Ex f
t u re o

Subtract the mean from each value of the


random variable X.

X P(X) X • P(X) X-𝝁


3 1/8 3/8 1.5
2 3/8 6/8 0.5
1 3/8 3/8 -0.5
0 1/8 0 -1.5
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c e ll e n c e
Step 3.
Cul Ex f
t u re o

Square the results obtained in Step 2.

X P(X) X • P(X) X-𝝁 (X-𝝁)²


3 1/8 3/8 1.5 2.25
2 3/8 6/8 0.5 0.25
1 3/8 3/8 -0.5 0.25
0 1/8 0 -1.5 2.25

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c e ll e n c e
Step 4.
Cul Ex f
t u re o

Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the


corresponding probability.

X P(X) X • P(X) X-𝝁 (X-𝝁)² (X-𝝁)²● P(X)

3 1/8 3/8 1.5 2.25 0.28125


2 3/8 6/8 0.5 0.25 0.09375
1 3/8 3/8 -0.5 0.25 0.09375
0 1/8 0 -1.5 2.25 0.28125
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c e ll e n c e
Step 5.
Cul Ex f
t u re o

Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4. The


result is the value of the variance. So, the formula for
the variance is:

σ² = Σ(X – μ)² • P(X)


σ² = 0.75

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c e ll e n c e
Step 6.
Cul Ex f
t u re o

Get the square root of the variance to get the


standard deviation.

The variance of the probability distribution is


0.75.
The standard deviation is σ = √0.75 = 0.87.

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c e ll e n c e Illustrative Example:
Cul Ex f
t u re o

The number of cars sold per day at a


local car dealership, along with its
corresponding probabilities, is shown
in the succeeding table. Compute the
variance and the standard deviation of
the probability distribution.

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c e ll e n c e
Activity : Number of Item Sold
Ex
Cul
The number of cars sold per day at local car dealership,
t u re o
f

with its corresponding probabilities, is shown in the table. Find


the variance and standard deviation of the probability
distribution
Number of Cars Sold X Probability P(x)

19 0.20
20 0.20
21 0.30
22 0.20
23 0.10
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Activity:
c e ll e n c e
Ex

1. Find the variance and standard deviation


Cul f
t u re o

of the probability distribution of the random


variable X, which can take only the values
3, 6, 8, and 10, given that P(3) = 0.15,
P(6) = 0.35, P(8) = 0.40, P(10) = 0.10.
2.Find the variance and standard deviation
of the probability distribution of the random
variable Y, which can take only the values
1, 3, 5, and 7, given that P(1) = 4/9, P(3)
= 2/9, P(5) = 1/9, P(7) = 2/9.
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Activity:
c e ll e n c e
Cul Ex f
t u re o
1.Find the variance and standard deviation of the
probability distribution of the random variable Z,
which can take only the values 5, 10, 15, 20,
and 25, given that P(5) = 1/10, P(10) = 2/10,
P(15) = 3/10, P(20) = 2/10, P(25)= 2/10.
2.Find the variance and standard deviation of the
probability distribution of the random variable P,
which can take only the values 10, 20, 30, and
40, given that P(10) = 0.25, P(20) = 0.15, P(30)
= 0.30, P(40) = 0.30.

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c e ll e n c e
Cul Ex f
t u re o

Thank you!

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