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classification of dbms

A Database Management System (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain databases, classified into hierarchical, network, and relational types based on data models. DBMS can also be categorized by the number of users into single-user and multi-user systems, as well as by purpose into general and special purpose systems. Additionally, DBMS can be classified based on database distribution into centralized, distributed, homogeneous, and heterogeneous systems.

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4 views

classification of dbms

A Database Management System (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain databases, classified into hierarchical, network, and relational types based on data models. DBMS can also be categorized by the number of users into single-user and multi-user systems, as well as by purpose into general and special purpose systems. Additionally, DBMS can be classified based on database distribution into centralized, distributed, homogeneous, and heterogeneous systems.

Uploaded by

SATYA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2BSC – 3 SEMESTER – PAPER - III

[Q]. Define DBMS. Explain the Classifications (Types) of DBMS?


Database Management System:
 A Database management system (DBMS) is a collection of programs that allows users to
create and maintain a database. It acts as an intermediator between user and database.
 The DBMS classified into different categories based on data models, no. of users
and the purpose.
Based on data models:
 Depending on the data models, the DBMS classified into three categories - hierarchical,
network and relational DBMS.
 Hierarchical DBMS :
o Organizes the data records in a tree structure i.e Hierarchy of parent and
child relationship.
o In a hierarchical data – base, a parent record may have more than one child, but a
child always has only one parent. This is called „one – to- many relationship‟.
 Network DBMS :
o Organizes the data records liked to one another through pointers, which is an
association between two records.
o A network database is similar to a hierarchical database except that each child
can have more than one parent record. This is called “many- to – many
relationship‟.
 A relational DBMS :
o Organizes the data records in the form of table and relationship among the tables
are set using fields.
o It is simple in nature because data is simply represented in tabular format.
Based on no. of Users:
 Depending on no. of users the DBMS is divided into two categories – single-user system
and multi-user system.
 Single - User System :
o In single user system, database resides on one computer and is only accessed by
one user at a time. The user may design, maintain, and write programs for
accessing and manipulating the database according to the requirements.
 Multi – User System :
o In multi – user system, multiple users can access the database simultaneously. In
multiuser DBMS, the data is both integrated and shared.
o For example, the online book database is a multi-user database system in which the
data of books, authors, and publishers are stored centrally and can be accessed by
many users.
Based on the purpose :
 Depending on the purpose, the DBMS classified into two categories – general purpose
DBMS and special purpose DBMS.
 DBMS is a general purpose software system. It can however, be designed for specific
purposes such as airline or railway reservation. Such systems cannot be used for other
applications.
 These database systems fall under the category of online transaction processing (OLTP)
systems. Online transaction processing systems is specially used for data entry and
retrieval. It supports large number of concurrent transactions without excessive
delays.

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2BSC – 3 SEMESTER – PAPER - III
 An automatic Teller Machine for a bank is an example of online commercial transaction
processing application. The OLTP technology is used in various industries, such as
banking, airlines, supermarkets, manufacturing etc.

Classification Based on Database Distribution


There are four main distribution systems for database systems and these, in turn, can be used
to classify the DBMS.

Centralized systems
With a centralized database system, the DBMS and database are stored at a single site that is
used by several other systems too.

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2BSC – 3 SEMESTER – PAPER - III

Distributed database system


In a distributed database system, the actual database and the DBMS software are distributed
from various sites that are connected by a computer network, as shown in Figure 6.2.

Homogeneous distributed database systems


Homogeneous distributed database systems use the same DBMS software from multiple
sites. Data exchange between these various sites can be handled easily. For example, library
information systems by the same vendor, such as Geac Computer Corporation, use the same
DBMS software which allows easy data exchange between the various Geac library sites.

Heterogeneous distributed database systems


In a heterogeneous distributed database system, different sites might use different DBMS
software, but there is additional common software to support data exchange between these
sites. For example, the various library database systems use the same machine-readable
cataloguing (MARC) format to support library record data exchange.

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