Administrator’s Guide

Citrix MetaFrame XP
® ™

Application Server for Windows

Version 1.0, Feature Release 2

Citrix Systems, Inc.

Copyright and Trademark Notice
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Companies, names, and data used in
examples herein are fictitious unless otherwise noted. No part of this document may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express
written permission of Citrix Systems, Inc.
Copyright © 2002 Citrix Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Citrix, ICA (Independent Computing Architecture), and WinFrame are registered trademarks, and Citrix
Solutions Network, MetaFrame, MetaFrame XP, NFuse, Program Neighborhood, and SpeedScreen are
trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc. in the United States and other countries.
RSA Encryption © 1996-1997 RSA Security Inc., All Rights Reserved.
Trademark Acknowledgements
Adobe, Acrobat, and PostScript are trademarks or registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated
in the U.S. and/or other countries.
Apple, LaserWriter, Mac, Macintosh, Mac OS, and Power Mac are registered trademarks or trademarks of
Apple Computer Inc.
DB2 is a registered trademark and PowerPC is a trademark of International Business Machines Corp. in
the U.S. and other countries.
Java, Sun, and SunOS are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the U.S. and
other countries. Solaris is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. Sun Microsystems, Inc has not
tested or approved this product.
Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, Win32, Outlook, ActiveX, and Active Directory are either
registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corp. in the United States and/or other countries.
Netscape and Netscape Navigator are registered trademarks of Netscape Communications Corp. in the
U.S. and other countries.
Novell Directory Services, NDS, and NetWare are registered trademarks of Novell, Inc. in the United
States and other countries. Novell Client is a trademark of Novell, Inc.
UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group.
All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their owners.

Document Code: April 15, 2002 4:58 pm (MP)

Contents

Chapter 1 Welcome
MetaFrame XP Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Using PDF Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Documentation Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Using Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Providing Feedback About this Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Finding Information About Windows Servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Citrix on the World Wide Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP

Overview of Server-Based Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Components of Citrix Server-Based Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Advantages of ICA and MetaFrame XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Overview of MetaFrame Server Farms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Independent Management Architecture (IMA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Independent Computing Architecture and ICA Clients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Citrix ICA Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Overview of the MetaFrame XP Family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
What’s Included in MetaFrame XPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
What’s Included in MetaFrame XPa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
What’s Included in MetaFrame XPe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Features of MetaFrame XP for Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Application Server Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Citrix ICA Client Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
MetaFrame XP Feature Releases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Features Included in Feature Release 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Features Included in Feature Release 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
New Features in MetaFrame XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment

System Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
System Software Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
System Hardware Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Sizing Systems for MetaFrame XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Choosing a Database for the Data Store . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

System Sizing for the Data Store Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Connecting to the Data Store . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Data Store Database Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Microsoft Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Microsoft SQL Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Oracle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
IBM DB2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Network Configuration and Account Authority Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
General Configuration Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Recommendations for Active Directory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
User Access to Applications and Printers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Active Directory Security Model and Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Supporting Novell Directory Service Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Setting up Support for NDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Configuring Printer Auto creation in NDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Changing Domain Trust Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Configuring Citrix Administrator Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Planning for Client and Server Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Linking ICA Clients and MetaFrame XP Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Configuring ICA Browsing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Communicating with the Citrix XML Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Using DNS Address Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Configuring Network Firewalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Server Farm Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
ICA Browsers and MetaFrame 1.8 Interoperability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Changing Server Drive Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Using Smart Cards with MetaFrame XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Software Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Configuring the Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Configuring the Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Interoperability with MetaFrame 1.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Configuring MetaFrame XP for Mixed Mode Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Pooling License Counts in Mixed Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Using MetaFrame XP Tools in Mixed Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
 Contents 5

Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP

Creating the Data Store with SQL Server, Oracle, or DB2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Using the MetaFrame XP Windows Installer Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Important Recommendations for Windows Installer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Common Windows Installer Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Creating a Log File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Unattended Setup of MetaFrame XP Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Applying Transforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Creating an Answer File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Starting MetaFrame XP Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Choosing Options During Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Selecting the MetaFrame XP Family Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Configuring the Data Store. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Assigning Farm Administrator Credentials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Configuring Session Shadowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Configuring Network ICA Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Installing Citrix NFuse Classic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Configuring the Citrix XML Service Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Setting the Server’s Default Web Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Installing ICA Client Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Migrating Citrix Servers to MetaFrame XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Supported Migration Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Cloning a MetaFrame XP Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Uninstalling MetaFrame XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Installing Citrix Management Console on Other Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Chapter 5 Deploying Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2

Upgrading to Feature Release 2 or Service Pack 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Choosing Installation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Updating Citrix Management Console. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Backing Up Files Before Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Viewing Updated Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Using Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Downloading and Installing a Service Pack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Updating ICA Client Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Unattended Setup of MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Creating an Answer File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Using the Command Line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
6 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Downgrading Feature Release 2 or Service Pack 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Setting the Feature Release Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP

Overview of Citrix Licensing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Summary of the Licensing Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Types of MetaFrame XP Licenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Product Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Connection Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Migrating Licenses from Other Citrix Products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Upgrading Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Understanding Citrix Licensing Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Product Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Serial Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
License Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
License Activation Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Managing and Monitoring Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Adding Licenses to Server Farms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Activating Licenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
License Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Managing License Counts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Pooling License Counts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Assigning License Counts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Removing Licenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Client Device Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Licensing Requirements for Feature Release 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Activating Feature Release 2 Licenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Viewing Feature Release License Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms

Management Tools for MetaFrame XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Overview of MetaFrame XP Management Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
The ICA Administrator Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Citrix Management Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Configuring Citrix Administrator Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Using Citrix Management Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Data Displayed in Citrix Management Console. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
 Contents 7

Citrix Web Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

Configuring MetaFrame XP Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Properties of MetaFrame XP Server Farms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Using the Farm Properties Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Configuring MetaFrame XP Server Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Using the Server Properties Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Configuring Zones and Data Collectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Functions of Data Collectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Setting Up Citrix SSL Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Obtaining and Installing Server Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Changing the SSL Relay Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Configuring Latency Reduction for ICA Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Deploying SpeedScreen Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections

Overview of ICA Connections and Sessions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Setting Up ICA Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Using Citrix Connection Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Adding ICA Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Adding Asynchronous ICA Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Configuring Session Settings for ICA Clients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Precedence of Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Configuring ICA Connection Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Configuring Modem Callback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Configuring Direct Cable Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Configuring Advanced ICA Connection Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Restricting Connections to Published Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Configuring ICA Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Using Shadowing to Monitor ICA Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Enabling Shadowing on a Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Configuring ICA Connections for Shadowing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Configuring ICA Audio Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Configuring Client Device Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Options for Client Device Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Client Drive Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Client Printer Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Client Serial Port Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Client Audio Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
8 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users

Choosing a Deployment Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Delivering Applications to Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Determining the Scope of ICA Client Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Using the MetaFrame XP Components CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Pass-Through ICA Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
ICA Client Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Deploying the ICA Clients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Using Installer Packages for Client Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Web-Based Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Deploying ICA Clients Over a Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Deploying ICA Clients Using Diskettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Updating the ICA Clients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
The ICA Client Update Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Configuring the Client Update Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Using the Client Update Configuration Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Creating a New Client Update Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Specifying a Default Client Update Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Configuring Default Client Update Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Adding ICA Clients to the Client Update Database. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Removing an ICA Client From the Client Update Database. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Changing the Properties of an ICA Client in the Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
ICA Client Deployment Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Manufacturing Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Regional Bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Application Service Provider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Insurance Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users

Deciding How Users Access Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Managing Users’ Access to Information with Content Publishing
and Content Redirection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Publishing Applications and Content. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
User Access to Published Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Administrative Control of Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Using Published Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Configuring User Access to Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
 Contents 9

Procedures for Publishing Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250

Associating Published Applications with File Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Passing Parameters to Published Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Creating Files for Application Launching and Embedding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Removing Published Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Configuring Content Redirection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Redirecting Content from Client to Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Redirecting Content from Server to Client. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Publishing Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Publishing Content to be Opened with Applications
Published on MetaFrame Servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Publishing Content to be Opened with Applications
on Local Client Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Publishing Content on MetaFrame XP Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Setting CPU Priority Levels for Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Assigning CPU Priority Levels to Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions

Controlling Logons by ICA Clients. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Controlling User Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Limiting Total Connections in a Server Farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Limiting Application Instances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Configuring Connection Control Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Logging Connection Control Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Monitoring and Managing ICA Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Viewing Information About ICA Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Using Session Management Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Reconnecting ICA Sessions Automatically. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
How Automatic Reconnection Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Configuring Reconnection Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Setting Up ICA Connections for Auto Reconnect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Logging Reconnection Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Creating and Applying User Policies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Prioritizing Policies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Shadowing ICA Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Configuring User-to-User Shadowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
Monitoring Performance of Sessions and Servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
10 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Chapter 12 Managing Printers for ICA Clients

Overview of Printing with MetaFrame XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Configuration of Printing Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Client Printing in ICA Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Printing Configuration Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Printer Management Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Using the Printer Management Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Using the Servers Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Setting Up Network Printers for ICA Client Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Installing and Replicating Printer Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Setting Up Automatic Replication of Printer Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Mapping Printer Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Managing Drivers for Client Printers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Auto Creation of Client Printers for DOS and WinCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
ICA Client Settings for Printer Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
Using the Citrix Universal Print Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
Client Printing with the Universal Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Configuring the Universal Driver for Client Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
Limiting Printing Bandwidth in ICA Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

ACRCFG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
ALTADDR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
APP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
AUDITLOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
CHANGE CLIENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
CHFARM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
CLICENSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
CLTPRINT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
CTXXMLSS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
DSMAINT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
ICAPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
IMAPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
QUERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
TWCONFIG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
 Contents 11

Appendix B MetaFrame XP Setup Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

Property Names and Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Creating Transforms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

Appendix C Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
 CHAPTER 1

Welcome

MetaFrame XP provides integrated management capabilities for system

administrators, along with ease of use and productivity enhancements for end-users
who access applications on MetaFrame XP servers using Citrix ICA Clients.
This chapter describes the documentation provided with MetaFrame XP and
additional resources for you to find more information about MetaFrame XP and
related Citrix products.

Important Before you install MetaFrame XP, read SP2-FR2_readme.txt, which is

in the root directory of the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM. For information about new
features in MetaFrame XP and feature releases, see “Introduction to
MetaFrame XP” on page 19.
Citrix provides a variety of information resources online, including a complete
product documentation library, documentation updates, and technical articles on the
Citrix Web site at http://www.citrix.com. For more information, see “Citrix on the
World Wide Web” on page 17.
14 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

MetaFrame XP Documentation
The Citrix MetaFrame XP documentation includes electronic manuals and online
application help.
The documentation included with MetaFrame XP is available in the Docs directory
on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM. Documentation for ICA Client software is
available on the Components CD-ROM.
Documentation for additional management tools and features that are included with
MetaFrame XPe is on the Components CD-ROM. Some of this documentation is
also in the Docs directory on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM.
Information about MetaFrame XP Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2, including
information about new features and about installing Feature Release 2 or Service
Pack 2, is included in this manual. See “Deploying Feature Release 2 and Service
Pack 2” on page 125 and “Features Included in Feature Release 2” on page 33.
Important additional documentation for Citrix products is available from the
Product Documentation page in the Support area of the Citrix Web site at
www.citrix.com/support. For example, the Advanced Concepts guide for
MetaFrame XP is a manual that provides system sizing, deployment, configuration,
optimization, and troubleshooting information, which supplements the MetaFrame
XP Administrator’s Guide.
On a MetaFrame XP server, documentation is installed in the Documentation
folder. You can display the contents of this folder by choosing Programs > Citrix >
Documentation from the Start menu.
The following documentation is included with MetaFrame XP in Adobe PDF
format:
• This manual, the MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide, provides conceptual
information and procedures for system administrators who install, configure,
and maintain MetaFrame XP for Windows. To get the most out of the guide,
review the table of contents to familiarize yourself with the topics included in
the book.
• The readme file and readmes for feature releases contain last minute updates,
corrections to the documentation, and a list of known problems. These files are
in the root directory of the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM.
• The Citrix NFuse Classic Administrator’s Guide tells administrators how to
install, configure, and customize NFuse.
• The Citrix ICA Client Administrator’s Guides provide instructions for system
administrators who deploy ICA Clients to end-users on various computing
platforms.
 Chapter 1 Welcome 15

This manual is available in the following locations:

• In the \Docs directory of your MetaFrame XP CD-ROM
• Installed into the Documentation folder of your MetaFrame XP server. From the
Start menu, choose Programs > Citrix > Documentation.
• On the Citrix Web site at http://www.citrix.com/support; select Product
Documentation. You can check the Product Documentation area of the Web site
at any time for the latest updates to Citrix technical manuals. Any updates to this
manual published after the release of this product will be posted there.

Using PDF Documentation

To access the Citrix documentation that is provided in PDF files, use Adobe
Acrobat Reader 4 or later. Acrobat Reader lets you view, search, and print the
documentation.
You can download Acrobat Reader for free from Adobe System’s Web site (http://
www.adobe.com). The self-extracting file includes installation instructions.

Documentation Conventions
MetaFrame XP documentation uses the following typographic conventions for
menus, commands, keyboard keys, and items in the program interface:

Convention Meaning
Boldface Commands, names of interface items such as text boxes and option
buttons, and user input.
Italics Placeholders for information or parameters that you provide. For example,
filename in a procedure means you type the actual name of a file. Italics
also are used for new terms and the titles of books.
UPPERCASE Keyboard keys, such as CTRL for the Control key and F1 for the function
key that is labeled F1.
Monospace Text displayed at a command prompt or in a text file.
%SystemRoot% The Windows system directory, which can be WTSRV, WINNT,
WINDOWS, or other name specified when Windows is installed.
{ braces } A series of items, one of which is required in command statements. For
example, { yes | no } means you must type yes or no. Do not type the
braces themselves.
[ brackets ] Optional items in command statements. For example, [/ping] means that
you can type /ping with the command. Do not type the brackets
themselves.
16 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Convention Meaning
| (vertical bar) A separator between items in braces or brackets in command statements.
For example, { /hold | /release | /delete } means you type /hold or
/release or /delete.
… (ellipsis) You can repeat the previous item or items in command statements. For
example, /route:devicename[,…] means you can type additional
devicenames separated by commas.

Step-by-step procedural instructions

Using Online Help

Online help is available for the Citrix Management Console and the other tools that
are included with MetaFrame XP.
You can access online help from the Help menu of each program; the program must
be running for you to view its online help. You can use shortcuts to launch
MetaFrame XP utilities and the Citrix Management Console. Shortcut icons are
located in the MetaFrame XP folder. To open this folder, click the Start menu and
choose Programs > Citrix > MetaFrame XP.
Online help for the Citrix Management Console is in JavaHelp format and requires
the Java Run-Time Environment (JRE), which MetaFrame XP installs by default on
the server. Online help for server utilities and the Windows ICA Clients is in
WinHelp format, which is available by default on all Windows systems. Online
help for other ICA Clients uses standard help formats for their platforms.
Citrix ICA Client software for all platforms includes online help for using
applications and configuration settings. Help is available from Help menus or Help
buttons in the ICA Clients.

Providing Feedback About this Guide

We strive to provide accurate, clear, complete, and usable documentation for Citrix
products. If you have any comments, corrections, or suggestions for improving our
documentation, we want to hear from you.
You can send e-mail to the documentation authors at [email protected].
Please include the product name, product version number, and the title of the
document in your message.

Finding Information About Windows Servers

Most compatibility guidelines for Windows NT Server 4.0, Terminal Server
Edition, and Windows 2000 Servers can be applied to Citrix MetaFrame XP
because MetaFrame XP is designed to run with these products.
 Chapter 1 Welcome 17

Important Feature Release 2 for MetaFrame XP does not operate on Windows NT

Server 4.0, Terminal Server Edition.

For example, MetaFrame XP supports the deployment of Win32, Win16, DOS, OS/
2 1.x (text only), and POSIX applications. The ICA technology included in
MetaFrame XP extends the capabilities of Windows servers and, in some cases,
requires additional setup and configuration for best application performance.
• For Windows 2000, information about application compatibility and
deployment issues is available at the Microsoft Web site at
http://www.microsoft.com/Windows2000
• For Windows NT 4.0, Terminal Server Edition, information about application
compatibility and deployment issues is available at
http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver
Instructions for installing and using Windows servers are included in the Microsoft
documentation included in your Windows package and can also be found on the
Microsoft Web site at http://www.microsoft.com.

Citrix on the World Wide Web

The Citrix Web site is at http://www.citrix.com. The site offers a variety of
information and services for Citrix customers and users.
From the Citrix home page, you can access Citrix technical support services and
other information designed to assist MetaFrame XP administrators.
The following are some of the resources available on the Citrix Web site:

Citrix Product Documentation Library. The library, which contains the latest
documentation for all Citrix products, is at http://www.citrix.com/support (select
Product Documentation). You can download updated editions of the documentation
that ships with Citrix products, as well as supplemental documentation that is
available only on the Web site.

Citrix ICA Clients. Downloadable Citrix ICA Clients for all supported platforms are
available from http://www.citrix.com/download.

Support options. Program information about Citrix Preferred Support Services

options is available from the Support area of the Citrix Web site at http://
www.citrix.com/support.

Software downloads. An FTP server provides access to the latest service packs,
hotfixes, utilities, and product literature for download.
18 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Online knowledgebase. The online Solution Knowledge Base contains an extensive

collection of application notes, technical articles, troubleshooting tips, and white
papers.

Discussion forums. The interactive online Solution Forums provide outlets for
discussion of technical issues with other Citrix users.

FAQs. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) pages provide answers to common

technical and troubleshooting questions.

Education. Information about programs and courseware for Citrix training and
certifications is available from http://www.citrix.com/training/.

Contact information. The Web site provides contact information for Citrix offices,
including the worldwide headquarters and headquarters for European, Asia Pacific,
and Japan operations.

Developer network. The Citrix Developer Network (CDN) is at http://

www.citrix.com/cdn. This open-enrollment membership program provides access
to developer toolkits, technical information, and test programs for software and
hardware vendors, system integrators, ICA licensees, and corporate IT developers
who incorporate Citrix computing solutions into their products.

SDKs. The Citrix Server Software Development Kit (SDK) is available for free
from www.citrix.com/cdn. Most of the operations that you can perform through
Citrix GUI tools can be scripted by using the Citrix Server SDK. The SDK also lets
programmers customize most aspects of MetaFrame XP.
 CHAPTER 2

Introduction to MetaFrame XP

This chapter introduces MetaFrame XP and Citrix server-based computing. The

product information and concepts in this chapter can help you plan for deployment
of MetaFrame XP.

Overview of Server-Based Computing

Heterogeneous computing environments are a fact of life in the enterprise today.
Computing infrastructures typically are built around incompatible parts, including
an installed base of various client devices (PCs, terminals, network computers,
portables), different operating systems, multiple network protocols, and various
types of network connections.
Regardless of differences in computing environments, enterprises need to make
applications available to all of their users. MetaFrame XP can bridge differences in
computing environments. MetaFrame XP allows organizations to keep their
desktops of choice and provide the best application fit for users and the enterprise.
The Citrix MetaFrame XP application server suite of software and Independent
Computing Architecture (ICA) Client software are designed to meet the needs of all
types of businesses, including large enterprises and application service providers
(ASPs), whose customers require robust, easily managed, and cost-effective
delivery of Windows applications to a variety of client devices.
Server-based computing is a logical, efficient paradigm for today’s networking
environments. Server-based computing helps organizations simplify application
deployment and administration, and thereby reduces the total cost of ownership of
their application services.
20 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Components of Citrix Server-Based Computing

The components and technologies that enable Citrix server-based computing
include the MetaFrame XP application server suite, ICA Client software, the ICA
protocol, and Independent Management Architecture (IMA), the foundation layer
that unifies Citrix server-based computing solutions.
Citrix server-based computing is built on several key components:

Multiuser operating system. Server-based computing requires an operating system

that allows multiple concurrent users to log on and run applications in separate,
protected sessions on a single server. MetaFrame XP runs on Windows NT Server
4.0, Terminal Server Edition, and Windows 2000 Servers (Server, Advanced
Server, or Datacenter Server). In these server operating systems, MultiWin
technology licensed from Citrix provides the multiuser capabilities.

Note MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2 is supported only on Windows 2000

Server operating systems. MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 1 is supported on
both Windows 2000 Servers and Windows NT Server 4.0, Terminal Server Edition.

MetaFrame XP server software. MetaFrame XP is the application server component

of Citrix’s server-based computing solutions. The MetaFrame XP product
incorporates Citrix’s ICA protocol. The ICA protocol separates an application’s
logic from its user interface, so that only keystrokes, mouse clicks, and screen
updates (with required data such as sound) are sent across the network.

Citrix ICA Clients. Users access applications running on MetaFrame XP servers

using ICA Client software installed on their client devices. ICA lets virtually any
type of client device access applications over any type of network connection,
including LAN, WAN, dial-up, and direct asynchronous connections. Because ICA
does not download applications to client devices (as in the Network Computing
architecture), application performance is not limited by bandwidth or device
performance. See “Independent Computing Architecture and ICA Clients” on page
23 for more information.

Advantages of ICA and MetaFrame XP

The ICA protocol developed by Citrix supports all types of hardware, operating
platforms, network connections, and network protocols. ICA lets organizations
deliver a common set of applications to users with better performance than
alternative technologies.
Because MetaFrame XP centralizes application delivery and management, it
simplifies administration and unifies the enterprise computing environment.
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 21

Citrix technologies and MetaFrame XP deliver the following benefits for

application deployment throughout the enterprise:

Seamless desktop integration. MetaFrame XP provides a familiar user experience

because it enables complete access to local system resources, such as 16-bit stereo
audio, local drives, COM ports, local printers, and the Windows Clipboard.
Applications look, feel, and perform as though they are running locally, even
though applications run remotely on the MetaFrame XP server. Users need no
additional training because they continue working in their familiar personal
computing environments.
Printer management features in Citrix Management Console simplify printer
configuration, providing users with more flexibility and access to local printers. The
business recovery feature in ICA Client software provides reliable backup
connections to ensure users have consistent access to published applications.

Support for client devices. MetaFrame XP extends Windows applications to

virtually any client device and platform, including all Windows platforms
(Windows 3.1, Windows for Workgroups 3.11, Windows 95, Windows 98,
Windows Me, Windows 2000, and Windows CE) as well as non-Windows client
platforms, including DOS, UNIX, Linux, OS/2 Warp, Macintosh, and Java.

Universal network connectivity. Users can connect to networked MetaFrame XP

servers through standard telephone lines, WAN links, broadband connections,
wireless and CDPD connections, and the Internet. The unique bandwidth-
conserving nature of the Citrix ICA protocol makes it an efficient solution for any
network type.
MetaFrame XP supports ICA connections over TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, NetBIOS, SLIP/
PPP, and asynchronous protocols. The Citrix ICA protocol is optimized for low-
speed connections (28.8 Kbps is the recommended minimum speed). Dial-in async
support eliminates the need to configure a RAS server or RAS connection for client
computers.

Overview of MetaFrame Server Farms

MetaFrame server farms provide you with a flexible and robust way of deploying
applications to ICA Client users. A MetaFrame server farm is a group of
MetaFrame servers managed as a single entity. Servers share some form of physical
connection. In addition, the servers in the server farm share a single IMA-based
data store.
22 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Note Citrix servers running MetaFrame 1.8 and earlier versions can be grouped in
server farms for application publishing and centralized administration. However,
MetaFrame 1.8 and earlier versions do not use an IMA-based data store for a server
farm. MetaFrame XP servers cannot join an existing non-IMA server farm. For
information about interoperability of MetaFrame XP with MetaFrame 1.8 servers,
see “Interoperability with MetaFrame 1.8” on page 93.

MetaFrame XP uses the data store to centralize configuration information for a

server farm in one location. The data store maintains information about the servers,
applications, and Citrix administrators in the server farm. Creation of a data store
and connection to the data store by each server is a part of MetaFrame XP setup.

Independent Management Architecture (IMA)

MetaFrame XP incorporates the advanced Citrix server communications and
management foundation, the Independent Management Architecture (IMA). The
integration of the MetaFrame XP application server software with IMA is central to
the enhanced functionality of MetaFrame XP and the scalability of Citrix’s server-
based computing solutions.
IMA is a unified, enterprise-wide platform for installation, management,
maintenance, support, and security for your organization’s server-based computing
and application hosting services. It is both an architectural model and a protocol for
server-to-server communications. IMA is constructed on a collection of core
subsystems that define and control execution of Citrix products.
IMA enables MetaFrame XP servers to be arbitrarily grouped into server farms that
do not depend on the physical locations of the servers. IMA allows MetaFrame XP
servers to be in a single server farm even if the servers are on different network
subnets.
With MetaFrame XP for Windows servers and the extensible Citrix IMA
foundation, organizations gain a wide range of enterprise management and
scalability features and options:
• Central administration of MetaFrame XP and other Citrix servers
• Centralized data store for all Citrix configuration data
• Centralized license management and pooling without license gateways
• ICA Client discovery of published applications without UDP broadcasts
• Logging of shadowing events
• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) support
• Auditing of administration activity
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 23

While IMA and MetaFrame XP provide significant enhancements that facilitate

enterprise application hosting, both MetaFrame XP and IMA support the current
functionality of all existing ICA Client software from Citrix and will operate with
an installed base of ICA Clients.
In addition to the Citrix Management Console, several Windows-based
management utilities are included with MetaFrame XP. These utilities provide
management and configuration features that are independent of the IMA system.
As the size of an organization increases from dozens to hundreds to thousands of
users, additional MetaFrame XP servers can be added to the server farm. With
IMA, MetaFrame XP installations can scale to multi-site, enterprise-level server-
based computing scenarios, while administrators maintain complete control from
any location.

Independent Computing Architecture and ICA Clients

MetaFrame XP provides server-based computing to local and remote users through
the Independent Computing Architecture (ICA) developed by Citrix.
ICA is the foundation of Citrix server-based computing with MetaFrame XP and
ICA Client software. In simplified terms, the ICA protocol transports an
application’s screens from a MetaFrame XP server to ICA Client users, and returns
the users’ input to the application on the server.
As an application runs on a MetaFrame XP server, MetaFrame XP intercepts the
application’s display data and uses the ICA protocol to send this data (on standard
network protocols) to the ICA Client software running on the user’s client device.
When the user types on the keyboard or moves and clicks the mouse, the ICA
Client sends this data to the application on the MetaFrame XP server.
The Citrix ICA protocol provides advanced capabilities and enhanced performance
with Windows terminal services. ICA delivers high performance on high- and low-
bandwidth connections. It requires minimal client workstation capabilities, and
includes error detection and recovery, encryption, and data compression.

Citrix ICA Clients

Citrix ICA Client software lets users connect to Citrix servers (MetaFrame XP,
MetaFrame, and WINFRAME) and access applications. The ICA Client extends the
reach of Windows, Java and UNIX-based applications to virtually any client
platform or device, including: 286, 386, 486 and Pentium-based PCs, Windows-
based terminals, network computers, wireless devices, ICA-based information
appliances, RISC-based systems, PowerPCs, UNIX based computers, and X-based
devices.
24 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

ICA clients are available for Windows, Macintosh, UNIX, Linux, EPOC, Windows
CE, DOS, and Java operating systems, as well as for Web browsers that use the
ActiveX control or Netscape plug-in.
Detailed instructions for installing and configuring Citrix ICA Clients are in the
Citrix ICA Client Administrator’s Guides for the clients you plan to deploy.

Overview of the MetaFrame XP Family

MetaFrame XP is available in three tailored solutions:
• MetaFrame XPs is designed to give businesses outstanding performance from
applications running on a central server.
• MetaFrame XPa is designed with the small to medium business in mind. A
MetaFrame XPa license enables all of the features of MetaFrame XPs and also
includes load balancing functionality.
• MetaFrame XPe is designed for single-point control of servers, licenses, and
resources in large organizations and multinational corporations. A MetaFrame
XPe license enables all of the features of MetaFrame XPa and also provides
system monitoring and analysis, application packaging and delivery, and
integration with third-party SNMP management consoles.
These solutions enable you to install and license only those features and
components that you need on a specific server. Each solution is described in more
detail in this chapter.

What’s Included in MetaFrame XPs

Citrix MetaFrame XPs is designed to provide a predictable computing experience
with outstanding performance from applications running on a central server.
This section describes the components of MetaFrame XPs.

MetaFrame XP
MetaFrame XP is the application server component of Citrix’s server-based
computing solutions.
You install MetaFrame XP on one or more servers, and install and publish the
applications, server desktop, or other resource that you want users to access.
For each server farm, you need a database called a data store. MetaFrame XP uses
the data store to centralize configuration information for a server farm in one
location. The data store maintains information about the servers, applications, and
Citrix administrators in the server farm. Using an external data store ensures a
scalable and flexible system for managing your MetaFrame servers.
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 25

You can use client/server databases such as Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, or
IBM DB2 for your data store. Alternatively, you can use Microsoft Access, which
is a database that is included with Windows server operating systems.
You can install MetaFrame XP from the MetaFrame Server CD-ROM.
For conceptual information about implementing a MetaFrame XP solution, see
“Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment” on page 43.

Citrix Management Console

You can install Citrix Management Console on MetaFrame XP servers, or install it
stand-alone on any Windows NT, Windows XP, or Windows 2000 workstation for
remote administration of MetaFrame XP server farms.
You install Citrix Management Console from the MetaFrame XP CD.
See the online help in Citrix Management Console for detailed information about
using the console.

ICA Clients
After you install MetaFrame XP and publish your resources, you can connect to
your Windows applications from virtually any client device and platform,
including:
• All Windows platforms (for example, whether you are using Windows 3.1 or
Windows XP, there is an ICA Client for your platform)
• Java
• Linux and UNIX Operating Systems
• Windows CE handheld computers and Windows-based Terminals
• DOS
• OS/2 Warp
• Macintosh
You can install the ICA Clients from the MetaFrame XP Components CD-ROM.
For an introduction to the methods you can use to deploy clients, see “Deploying
ICA Clients to Users” on page 215. Each ICA Client has a separate ICA Client
Administrator’s Guide to help you deploy and configure the client. These guides are
on the MetaFrame XP Components CD-ROM.
26 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important Citrix continually updates its ICA Clients to support new client
computing platforms and operating system versions. Visit the Citrix Web site
download area at http://www.citrix.com/download for information about new and
updated ICA Clients.

NFuse Classic
Using NFuse Classic, you can create stand-alone Web sites for application access or
Web sites that can be integrated into your corporate portal. An NFuse Classic
deployment involves the interaction of three network components:
• A MetaFrame server farm
• A Web server, on which you install NFuse Classic
• A client device with a Web browser and ICA Client
You can install NFuse Classic in two ways.
• The most common deployment is on a Web server, separate from your
MetaFrame XP server farm. In a secure environment, you would most likely
include NFuse Classic in the demilitarized zone (DMZ). If you want to install
NFuse Classic, install it from the MetaFrame XP Components CD-ROM.
• You can also install NFuse Classic on one of your MetaFrame XP servers. If
you do this, you need to set up the MetaFrame XP server as a Web server. If you
want to install NFuse Classic in this way, you can select NFuse Classic as a
feature when you install MetaFrame XP from the MetaFrame XP Server
CD-ROM. Alternatively, you can install NFuse Classic from the MetaFrame XP
Components CD-ROM.
Refer to the Citrix NFuse Classic Administrator’s Guide for instructions about how
to install, configure, and customize NFuse Classic. This guide is located in the
NFuse directory on the Components CD-ROM.

Citrix Secure Gateway

Citrix Secure Gateway is a secure Internet gateway for ICA data traveling into and
out of a MetaFrame XP server farm. You can secure all traffic traveling across the
Internet between MetaFrame XP servers and SSL-enabled ICA Client
workstations. Using Citrix Secure Gateway makes firewall traversal easier and
provides heightened security by providing a single point of entry and secure access
to your MetaFrame XP server farms.
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 27

To use Citrix Secure Gateway, you need to include the following additional
components in your deployment:
• A Secure Ticket Authority server. When a user clicks on an application icon
in an NFuse Classic Web page, NFuse Classic contacts a service running on a
server called the Secure Ticket Authority Server for a “secure ticket.”
• A Secure Gateway server. The user’s connection to the application is then
routed through a Secure Gateway server (which is usually in the DMZ). The
Gateway server validates the ticket with the Secure Ticket Authority. If the
ticket is valid, the Secure Ticket Authority provides the address of the
MetaFrame XP server that can provide the application.
You install Citrix Secure Gateway server and the Secure Ticket Authority service
from the MetaFrame XP Components CD-ROM.
For more information about Citrix Secure Gateway, see the Citrix Secure Gateway
Administrator’s Guide on the MetaFrame XP Components CD-ROM and the
Secure Gateway online help.

Citrix SSL Relay

If you want to secure all communications within your environment using Secure
Sockets Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS) encryption, you can use
SSL Relay to secure communications between supported ICA Clients, NFuse
Classic, and MetaFrame XP servers.
To deploy SSL Relay, you need server certificates on each of your MetaFrame XP
or NFuse Classic servers.
SSL Relay is a feature of all MetaFrame XP server installations.
For more information about SSL Relay, see “Setting Up Citrix SSL Relay” on page
182 and the online help for the SSL Relay configuration tool.

What’s Included in MetaFrame XPa

Citrix MetaFrame XPa is designed with the small to medium business in mind. A
MetaFrame XPa license enables all of the features of MetaFrame XPs and also
provides advanced load management using Load Manager.

Load Manager
You can set up, monitor, and balance the server and published application loads in a
server farm so that users can run the published applications they need quickly and
efficiently.
28 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

The criteria you define in Load Manager determine which servers are least busy and
can best run an application. When a published resource is launched from an ICA
Client, Load Manager selects which server will run the application or desktop
session, based on server load. Load Manager ensures that the application runs on a
server that is not overloaded, and so improves performance for users.
Using Load Manager also offers increased availability. By configuring a pool of
servers capable of running your users’ applications, you can easily bring servers
off-line for maintenance or add more servers for increased performance without
affecting application availability.
Load Manager is installed automatically when you install MetaFrame XPa.
For more information about Load Manager, see Getting Started with Citrix Load
Manager, located on the MetaFrame XP Server CD-ROM.

What’s Included in MetaFrame XPe

Citrix MetaFrame XPe offers robust management capabilities specifically designed
for single-point control of servers, licenses, and resources. It is designed for IT
administrators in large organizations and multinational corporations who must
manage complex networks that include diverse devices and operating systems.
A MetaFrame XPe license enables all of the features of MetaFrame XPa and also
provides:
• System monitoring and analysis using Resource Manager
• Application packaging and delivery using Installation Manager
• Systems management capabilities using Network Manager and third-party
SNMP management consoles
• Aggregation of applications from multiple server farms using Enterprise
Services for NFuse

Resource Manager
Resource Manager enables you to collect, display, and analyze data about system
performance, application use, and user activity.
Resource Manager can track and store information about a wide variety of system
and network processes and events. If the value of these metrics falls outside normal
limits, Resource Manager can warn you by email and pager alerts.
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 29

You can also use Resource Manager to store longer term data in an external
Microsoft SQL Server or Oracle database. You can use the summary database to
retrieve historical records on processes, server events, server metrics, and user
activities for individual servers or groups of servers. You can also generate bills
based on resource usage.
Resource Manager is a feature of a MetaFrame XPe server installation. You can
choose to include it in your installation when you run the installation program on
your MetaFrame XP Server CD-ROM.
For more information about Resource Manager, see the Resource Manager
Administrator’s Guide located on the MetaFrame XP Server CD-ROM.

Network Manager
Network Manager allows you to remotely control and monitor the status of
MetaFrame XPe servers using a third-party SNMP management console.
Network Manager consists of an SNMP agent installed as part of MetaFrame XPe
and plug-ins for supported SNMP management console applications. Using a
third-party SNMP management console, you can terminate processes on
MetaFrame XPe servers, as well as send a message to, log off, or disconnect an
active ICA session on a MetaFrame XPe server.
Network Manager also includes the MIB (Management Information Base)
definition file for MetaFrame servers. You can use any SNMP management console
application that supports MIB browsing to monitor and control MetaFrame XPe
servers.
The Network Manager plug-ins interact with the SNMP management consoles
through API calls provided by the SNMP management consoles. The Network
Manager plug-ins automatically:
• Explore and gather information from MetaFrame XPe servers with the SNMP
agent enabled
• Update the gathered data on the network map
• Log MetaFrame XPe server traps in the event database
Network Manager includes Windows plug-ins for the following SNMP
management console applications:
• Tivoli NetView
• HP OpenView Network Node Manager
• CA Unicenter
30 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important Check the Network Manager Administrator’s Guide for details about
the versions of the SNMP management consoles that the Network Manager plug-
ins support.

The Network Manager SNMP Agent is installed with a MetaFrame XPe server
installation. For more information about the Network Manager, see the Network
Manager Administrator’s Guide located on the MetaFrame XP Server CD-ROM.

Installation Manager
You can use Installation Manager to install applications on the servers in your
MetaFrame XP server farm from a central location.
Installation Manager lets you install an application package, such as Microsoft
Office 2000, from one server to all the servers in a domain or in a server farm. Use
Installation Manager whenever you need to deploy applications, files, service
packs, or software patches on the servers in your server farm.
You can automate the application installation process, enabling the replication of
published applications to MetaFrame XP servers across an enterprise. Automating
the process enables you to save time and reduce errors when installing many
applications or applications that are frequently updated.
Installation Manager is installed with MetaFrame XPe.
For more information about the Installation Manager, see the Installation Manager
Administrator’s Guide located on the MetaFrame XP Server CD-ROM.

Enterprise Services for NFuse

Enterprise Services for NFuse extends NFuse Classic by giving users resources
published from multiple MetaFrame server farms on a single Web page. This
process, called aggregation, greatly simplifies user access to applications in
organizations that have more than one MetaFrame server farm.
You can configure and manage Enterprise Services for NFuse using a Web browser.
You install Enterprise Services for NFuse from the MetaFrame XP Components
CD-ROM. For more information about Enterprise Services for NFuse, see the
Enterprise Services for NFuse Administrator’s Guide and the online help.
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 31

Features of MetaFrame XP for Windows

Major features of MetaFrame XP, including IMA and the Citrix Management
Console, are discussed earlier in this chapter. This section describes other features
of MetaFrame XP.

Application Server Features

Application publishing. Publishing an application on a MetaFrame XP server makes
it available to ICA Client users (with proper authorization). You can publish
applications across multiple servers in the server farm. With optional Citrix Load
Manager, you can balance connections from ICA Client users to connect users to
the least-loaded MetaFrame XP servers.

Client Device Licensing. A user can establish multiple sessions to multiple servers
while consuming only a single pooled connection license count for each session.

Automatic ICA Client update. MetaFrame XP lets you automate distribution of

updated versions of Citrix ICA Client software to client devices. After you install
the latest ICA Client software on the server, you can schedule the download and
installation of the software to client devices. For more information, see “Deploying
ICA Clients to Users” on page 215.

Security. MetaFrame XP incorporates multilevel system security and 128-bit data

encryption. Citrix administrator accounts can be configured with read-only or read-
write access to Citrix Management Console for management of Citrix server farms.
During MetaFrame XP installation, you can disable the ability to shadow ICA
Client sessions, or you can allow shadowing but require logging of shadowing
events to create an audit trail.

TCP/IP port setting. You can configure Citrix ICA packets to be compatible with
many popular TCP/IP firewall products. For more information, see the ALTADDR
command in “Command Reference,” Appendix A.

SpeedScreen. SpeedScreen reduces the transmission of frequently repainted

screens to reduce bandwidth consumption. SpeedScreen latency reduction provides
instant mouse-click feedback and local text echo. These features increase perceived
performance of ICA sessions over high-latency connections. SpeedScreen latency
reduction is not available in the Japanese version of MetaFrame XP.

Application management. MetaFrame XP enables you to manage and extend the

reach of enterprise applications with tools such as Application Launching and
Embedding (ALE) and application publishing. With ALE, you can extend
applications across the Web without programming. Application publishing lets ICA
Client users access applications as simply as other resources on the network. You
can deploy and manage multiple servers and applications from a single point.
32 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Citrix ICA Client Features

Citrix ICA Clients share many features for connecting to MetaFrame XP servers.
Some features are available on particular ICA Clients. For detailed information
about supported features, see the ICA Client Administrator’s Guide for each client
you use.

Program Neighborhood. Supported by ICA Clients for Win32 and Java, Program
Neighborhood gives you complete application control by publishing server-based
applications to the local desktops. With Program Neighborhood, server-based
applications can be pushed to the client device, integrated into the local desktop, or
pushed directly to the Start menu.

TAPI support. The ICA Client for Win32 provides TAPI support for dial-up
connections. Citrix ICA Clients for DOS and Win16 can interpret Windows 9x and
Windows 2000 modem configuration files into legacy Ini files to ensure optimum
performance for dial-up users.

International keyboard support for Web browsers. Users worldwide can exploit the
benefits of Citrix ICA Clients for Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator, current
versions of which support international keyboard layouts.

Client device mapping. Users can transparently access local printers and disk drives.
Drive letters on the MetaFrame XP server are configurable so client devices can
keep their drive letters. Long filenames are supported. Any printers detected when
you connect to a Citrix server are automatically mapped for use with the
applications users run on the server. Client printers can be browsed and connected
to in the same way as network printers (Windows, WinCE, and DOS Clients).

COM port mapping. The ICA Client COM port redirector lets ICA Client users
(DOS, Win16, and Win32 platforms) use most peripherals that connect to serial
ports as if they were connected to a COM port on the Citrix server.

Windows clipboard integration. Users can cut and paste data between ICA sessions
and local applications using the Windows Clipboard.

Audio support. MetaFrame XP provides audio support for most ICA Clients.
Compression can be used to maximize bandwidth utilization. ICA supports audio
through Sound Blaster Pro-compatible sound hardware in DOS and Windows client
devices.

Disk caching and data compression. These options increase performance over low-
speed asynchronous and WAN connections. Disk caching stores frequently used
application images (such as icons and bitmaps) locally, increasing performance by
avoiding retransmission of locally cached data. Data compression reduces the
amount of data sent over the communications link to the client device.
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 33

Seamless windows support. Certain ICA Clients support the seamless integration
of local and remote applications on the local desktop. Configuring an ICA
connection for seamless windows lets users switch among local and remote
applications with keyboard controls or the local taskbar. Seamless windows
connections also support remote application icons on the local desktop, and tiling
and cascading between local and remote Windows applications.

Business recovery. ICA Clients support multiple site addresses (for primary and
hot backup, for example) for the same published application name. This feature
helps assure consistent connections to published applications in the event of server
disruptions.

Client print manager. Users can define which client printers can be configured on
their client devices. This feature provides a means to store printer properties on a
per-client-device basis while simplifying printer configuration for non-Windows
clients.

Multi-monitor support. The ICA Win32 Client supports the multi-monitor features
of Microsoft Windows 98 and Windows 2000 clients. It also supports the virtual
desktop feature provided by some graphics cards for Windows 95 and Windows NT
4.0.

Panning and scaling. If the ICA session is larger than the client computer’s desktop,
you can pan the ICA session window around the full session desktop. Scaling
allows you to view more of the ICA session at one time without panning by
shrinking the perceived size of the ICA session. See the ICA Client Administrator’s
Guide for instructions about using this feature on a particular ICA Client.

MetaFrame XP Feature Releases

Citrix periodically makes available feature releases in between major platform
releases of MetaFrame XP.
To use the new features included with feature releases, you must install and activate
feature release licenses. For more information about MetaFrame XP and feature
release pricing and availability, see the Citrix Web site at http://www.citrix.com.

Features Included in Feature Release 2

With Feature Release 2, MetaFrame XP includes support for NFuse Classic 1.7, the
latest version of NFuse, as well as for two new Citrix products, Enterprise Services
for NFuse, and Citrix Secure Gateway. For information about these products, see
the documentation in the corresponding Docs directories on the Components CD-
ROM included with MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2.
34 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Note Features that were introduced with Feature Release 1 are included with
Feature Release 2. For information about Feature Release 1, see “Features Included
in Feature Release 1” on page 38.

MetaFrame XP
MetaFrame XP 1.0, Feature Release 2 includes the following new features and
enhancements. You must install the appropriate Feature Release 2 licenses to enable
these features.

Important New features in Feature Release 2 are not available when a server farm
operates in mixed mode for interoperability with MetaFrame 1.8.

Delegated administration. Citrix administrators can delegate areas of MetaFrame

administration and farm management to IT staff. Administrators can assign these
specialized staff members to perform specific MetaFrame farm management tasks
such as managing printers, published applications, or user policies. Members of the
enterprise’s IT staff can carry out their assigned tasks without being granted full
access to all areas of farm management.
For more information, see “Configuring Citrix Administrator Accounts” on page 72
and “Configuring Citrix Administrator Accounts” on page 162.
User-to-user shadowing. Users can shadow other users without requiring
administrator rights. Multiple users from different locations can view presentations
and training sessions, allowing one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many
online collaboration.
For more information, see “Configuring User-to-User Shadowing” on page 286.
Smart card support. You can use smart cards with MetaFrame XP, supported ICA
Clients, and NFuse to provide secure access to applications and data.Using smart
cards with MetaFrame and the ICA Clients simplifies the authentication process
while enhancing logon security. MetaFrame XP supports smart card authentication
to published applications, as well as to “smart card enabled” applications such as
Microsoft Outlook.
For more information, see “Using Smart Cards with MetaFrame XP” on page 90.
Content Redirection. Administrators can specify whether local or remote
applications are used to open content, allowing for the appropriate application to be
launched to better meet the needs of the user. With Content Redirection, you gain
flexibility when considering application installation and content storage locations.
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 35

Use Content Redirection to redirect application launching from:

• Client to server. Content, such as a file attached to an email message, that the
user encounters when running a local application is opened with an application
published on the MetaFrame server. This capability is supported with the ICA
Win32 Program Neighborhood Agent, the ICA Macintosh Client, and the ICA
WinCE Client.
• Server to client. URL links that the user encounters when running an ICA
session are opened using the locally installed Web browser. This capability is
supported with the ICA Win32 Clients and the ICA Linux Client.
For more information, see “Making Information Available to Users” on page 241.
Content Publishing enhancements. When you publish content using the
functionality introduced in Feature Release 1 for MetaFrame XP, you can direct
users to open the published content with an application published on a MetaFrame
XP server with Feature Release 2. Previously, users could open published content
only with locally installed players or viewer applications. Content Publishing now
allows “browser only” devices that do not have locally installed applications to
open content published on MetaFrame servers. This capability is supported only
when users connect to published content through NFuse.
For more information, see “Making Information Available to Users” on page 241.
User Policies. With User Policies, you can apply select MetaFrame settings,
including shadowing permission settings, printer autocreation settings, and client
device mapping settings, to specific users or user groups. Using policies, you can
tailor your environment at the user level. User Policy settings override all other
MetaFrame XP and Terminal Services settings.
For more information, see “Creating and Applying User Policies” on page 281.
Citrix Management Console enhancements. Citrix Management Console now
includes the following enhancements:
• Better integration with Active Directory. When you add users to console
areas such as published applications or user policies, the interface reflects the
hierarchical relationships of the Active Directory Organizational Unit structure.
This tighter integration allows improved usability and faster enumeration. User
objects are not enumerated until their host container is expanded.
• Pass-through authentication. Citrix administrators can log on to the console
using the credentials of the local user, eliminating the need to enter credentials
each time.
• Ticketing. When using the pass-through authentication logon method, Citrix
administrator credentials are not passed over the wire. Ticketing provides secure
and confidential authentication.
36 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

• Search capability. You can search your published applications, user policies,
and autocreated printers for users or user groups.
Windows Installer support. MetaFrame XP, MetaFrame feature releases, and
many MetaFrame XP components are available in Windows Installer packages
(.msi files). All family levels of MetaFrame XP (MetaFrame XPs, XPa, or XPe) are
installed from a single setup program and a single CD-ROM.
For more information about MetaFrame XP Setup, see “Installing MetaFrame XP”
on page 99 and “MetaFrame XP Setup Properties” on page 347.
IBM DB2 support. You can now use IBM DB2 for your farm’s data store.
MetaFrame XP supports IBM DB2 Universal Database Enterprise Edition Version
7.2 with FixPak 5.
For more information, see “Choosing a Database for the Data Store” on page 50
and “Installing MetaFrame XP” on page 99.
Printer management enhancements. Enhancements to printer management allow
you to:
• Set printing preferences for autocreated printers, including paper size and copy
count
• Refresh users’ printer settings each time they log on to an ICA session
• Choose to save or purge the print queue when users log out
• Configure published applications to launch without waiting for all printers to be
created
For more information, see the online Help for the Printers node in Citrix
Management Console.
Citrix Web Console enhancements. The Citrix Web Console now includes
searching and filtering capabilities and an improved layout, including static buttons.
Transport Layer Security (TLS) encryption. MetaFrame XP now includes
support for TLS, the latest cryptographic security protocol. Client-to-server
communication now passes through TLS and uses encryption modules certified
with Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140 requirements.
For more information, see “Setting Up Citrix SSL Relay” on page 182.
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 37

MetaFrame XPe Components

The optional components of MetaFrame XPe include the following new features
and enhancements.

Installation Manager
Enhancements to the application packaging and delivery function in Installation
Manager allow you to:
• Group packages and stagger their delivery across MetaFrame XP server groups
• Configure multiple share points for WAN package delivery
• Add Windows Installer patch files to existing packages
For more information, see Getting Started with Citrix Installation Manager in the
Docs directory on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM.

Resource Manager
Enhancements to Resource Manager allow to you:
• Collect performance, session, and application data in a centralized database for
the entire MetaFrame farm
• Produce reports, including billing reports for CPU usage or connection time,
based on predefined templates created with Crystal Reports
For more information, see the Citrix Resource Manager Administrator’s Guide in
the Docs directory on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM.

ICA Clients
With the release of Version 6.30, the ICA Clients include the following new
features and enhancements. Version 6.30 of the ICA Clients is included with
MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2.
Roaming User Reconnect. Users can reconnect to a disconnected session with
their user name rather than the device name. This functionality is supported by the
full ICA Win32 Program Neighborhood Client, the Program Neighborhood Agent,
and ICA Clients that connect to published applications through NFuse.
Enhanced Internet proxy support. ICA Clients support the following security
enhancements.
• Secure Proxy (HTTP/SSL Tunnel Proxy). In addition to SOCKS proxy, ICA
Clients now support Secure Proxy.
• Proxy authentication. ICA Clients now support proxy authentication with both
SOCKS and HTTP/SSL Tunnel proxies.
38 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

• Proxy auto-detection. ICA Clients can now automatically detect proxy

configuration by querying proxy information managed by Internet Explorer or
Netscape browsers.
• Proxy auto-configuration script interpreter. ICA Clients can now interpret
proxy auto-configuration (.PAC) JavaScript to derive the proxy configuration
when this type of proxy configuration is detected.
For more information, see the Administrator’s Guides for the ICA Clients you plan
to deploy, located in the ICAClientDoc directory on the Components CD-ROM.

Features Included in Feature Release 1

MetaFrame XP 1.0, Feature Release 1 includes the following new features and
enhancements. Features included in Feature Release 1 are installed when you install
Feature Release 2.

Important New features in Feature Release 1 are not available when a server farm
operates in mixed mode for interoperability with MetaFrame 1.8

Automatic reconnection to ICA sessions. With the auto client reconnect feature, the
ICA Win32 Client automatically reconnects to a session when it detects a dropped
connection (when network issues outside of MetaFrame XP occur). Users can
continue to work without reconnecting manually, re-entering credentials, and
restarting applications. The ICA Java Client in embedded mode supports basic
automatic reconnection without credential caching (users must re-enter their
credentials to reconnect).
For more information, see “Reconnecting ICA Sessions Automatically” on page
276.

Content Publishing. This feature lets you publish document files, media files, Web
URLs, and any other type of file from any network location. Icons for published
content appear in Program Neighborhood, on the desktop, and in NFuse. Users can
double-click published content icons to access content in the same way they access
published applications.
For more information, see “Publishing Content” on page 258.

Connection control. This feature lets you set a limit on the number of connections
that each user can have simultaneously in the server farm. You can also limit the
number of concurrent connections to specified published applications, and you can
prevent users from launching more than one instance of the same published
application.
For more information, see “Controlling User Connections” on page 266.
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 39

Prioritizing CPU access by applications. You can use the CPU prioritization feature
to assign each published application in the server farm a priority level for CPU
access. This feature can be used to ensure that CPU-intensive applications in the
server farm do not degrade performance of other applications. You can give a
higher CPU priority to mission-critical published applications and a lower CPU
priority to less-important applications.
For more information, see “Setting CPU Priority Levels for Applications” on page
262.

Universal printer driver. The new Citrix Universal Print Driver is included with
Feature Release 1. This driver can be installed in the server farm and used as the
driver for all printers that users running the ICA Win32 Client print to in the server
farm. The Universal Print Driver eliminates the need to install many separate
printer drivers for diverse printing environments.
For more information, see “Using the Citrix Universal Print Driver” on page 304.

NDS Support. Support for Novell Directory Services allows users in Novell
network environments to log on using their NDS credentials to access applications
and content published in MetaFrame XP server farms.
For more information, see “Using Citrix Management Console” on page 166.

SSL support for ICA. This feature enables use of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
protocol to secure communication between ICA Clients that support SSL and
MetaFrame XP servers. SSL provides server authentication, encryption of the data
stream, and message integrity checks. After configuring the Citrix SSL Relay, you
can specify the use of SSL when you publish applications.
For information about configuring clients for SSL, see the ICA Win32 Client
Administrator’s Guide. For information about server configuration of the Citrix
SSL Relay, see “Setting Up Citrix SSL Relay” on page 182.

Web-based administration. You can install the new Citrix Web Console on
MetaFrame XP servers that have Internet Information Services 5.0 or later installed.
You can then monitor MetaFrame XP server farms from any workstation with a
supported Web browser. The Citrix Web Console lets you view information about
the server farm, published applications, servers, and active sessions, and lets you
reset, disconnect, and shadow ICA sessions and send messages to users.
For more information, see “Using Setup” on page 128 and the online help available
from the console.

MetaFrame XPe components. Feature Release 1 includes enhancements to Citrix

Resource Manager, Citrix Installation Manager, and Citrix Network Manager,
which are part of MetaFrame XPe.
40 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

For feature descriptions and configuration information, refer to the documentation

in the DOCS directory of the Feature Release 1-Service Pack 1 CD-ROM.

ICA session monitoring. New performance counters for ICA data let you use the
Windows Performance Monitor to monitor ICA communication, including
bandwidth and compression for sessions, servers, and individual virtual channels,
and latency in ICA sessions. Performance monitoring can provide valuable
information about utilization of network bandwidth and help determine if a
bottleneck exists.
For more information, see “Monitoring Performance of Sessions and Servers” on
page 288.

Citrix Management Console improvements. More detailed information about servers

and licensing now appears in the Citrix Management Console. For example, the
Licensing Summary tab now shows the name of feature releases that you install, the
number of servers set up to use feature releases, and the feature release licenses that
are installed in the server farm.
For more information, see “Viewing Feature Release License Information” on page
154. For information about all new options in Citrix Management Console, see the
console’s online help.

Extended Parameter Passing. With Feature Release 1, you can associate a file type
on a client device with an application published on a Citrix server. When a user
double-clicks a local file, the ICA Client passes the file path as a parameter to the
Citrix server. The Citrix server retrieves the file and opens it with the associated
application in an ICA session. For more information, see “Associating Published
Applications with File Types” on page 251.
Version 6.20 of the ICA Win32 Client was included with Feature Release 1 for
MetaFrame XP. The following are brief descriptions of new features in that release.
For more information about features and improvements included in the ICA Clients
that shipped with Feature Release 1, refer to the ICA Client Administrator’s Guides,
which are in the Doc folder on the MetaFrame XP Components CD-ROM.

Citrix Program Neighborhood Agent. The Citrix Program Neighborhood Agent lets
you leverage Citrix NFuse to deliver published applications directly to users’ desktops,
so users can access links to published applications with or without a Web browser. With
the Program Neighborhood Agent, links to NFuse-enabled published applications
appear in the Start menu, on the Windows desktop, or in the Windows System Tray.
Remote applications are integrated into the desktop and appear to the user as local
applications.
 Chapter 2 Introduction to MetaFrame XP 41

SSL support for ICA. Citrix SSL Relay secures data communications using the
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol. SSL provides server authentication, encryption of
the data stream, and message integrity checks. You can now use Citrix SSL Relay to
secure communications between an SSL-enabled ICA Win32 Client and a MetaFrame
server.

Windows Installer Packages for ICA Win32 Clients. The ICA Win32 full Program
Neighborhood Client and the Program Neighborhood Agent are now available in
Microsoft Windows installer packages (.msi files), which you can deploy with
Windows Installer technology.

New Features in MetaFrame XP

The following are new or significantly enhanced features in MetaFrame XP 1.0.
For information about Feature Release 1, see “Features Included in Feature Release
1” on page 38. For information about Feature Release 2, see “Features Included in
Feature Release 2” on page 33.

Enhanced scalability. Large enterprise-wide server farms can be easily installed,

managed, and expanded as business requirements demand. The IMA foundation
supports complex network configurations, including multiple network segments
and firewalls. The loss of any single server does not impact the functioning of a
server farm.

Integrated security. MetaFrame XP server farms are resistant to security threats that
could damage the farm or lead to theft of information and denial of service.
SecureICA high encryption is integrated into the base product, so data on the
network is protected with 128-bit encryption.

NFuse integration. Citrix’s NFuse Web portal deployment solution is included with
MetaFrame XP and installed by default on MetaFrame XP servers. NFuse provides
Program Neighborhood functionality for Web browser clients to access
MetaFrame XP servers.

Licensing. IMA provides enhancements that make MetaFrame XP license

administration easier. Improvements include single-point license installation and
activation, and farm-wide connection license pooling among IMA-based
MetaFrame servers.

SNMP support. MetaFrame XP includes support for administrative event

notification and basic management control of MetaFrame XP servers through third-
party management products (Tivoli and OpenView) using Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP).
42 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Printer management. The Citrix Management Console and MetaFrame XP provide

robust control over printer devices. Configurable options include client printer
mapping, automatic and on-demand replication of printer drivers, and printer
resource assignment.

Application migration. Applications that are published on MetaFrame 1.8 servers

can be migrated transparently to MetaFrame XP servers with all configuration data,
including user authorizations and connection settings, intact.

Interoperability. IMA server farms can coexist with MetaFrame 1.8 servers and
MetaFrame for UNIX Operating Systems 1.x servers. IMA and the Citrix
Management Console operate independently of MetaFrame 1.8 and other non-IMA
Citrix servers.

Installation. MetaFrame XP Setup supports attended and unattended installation.

You can use Setup to install any or all of the components of the MetaFrame XP
package, including IMA, MetaFrame XP application server, ICA Clients, and the
Citrix Management Console.

Shadowing options. Administrators can enable shadowing notification or disable

shadowing completely during MetaFrame XP installation. A shadowing indicator
appears on the ICA Client desktop during shadowing and allows users to cancel
shadowing easily with the mouse or a keyboard shortcut.

Display options. MetaFrame XP provides greater display capabilities while

efficiently utilizing existing bandwidth. ICA Client users and administrators can
select more colors and larger screen sizes than were supported by earlier Citrix
servers.
 CHAPTER 3

Planning for MetaFrame XP

Deployment

This chapter includes background information about decisions you need to make
before you deploy MetaFrame XP. Be sure to read this chapter before you install
MetaFrame XP on your servers.

System Requirements
This section describes minimum configurations and recommendations for installing
MetaFrame XP on servers. For information about system requirements of ICA
Client devices, see the ICA Client Administrator’s Guide for each client platform.

System Software Requirements

Feature Release 2 of MetaFrame XP is supported on Windows 2000 Servers with
Service Pack 2 installed.

Important Feature Release 2 is not supported on Windows NT Server 4.0,

Terminal Server Edition.

You can install MetaFrame XP, up to Feature Release 1, on servers with the
following Microsoft operating systems:
• Windows NT Server 4.0, Terminal Server Edition with Service Pack 5 or later.
• Windows 2000 Server Family: Windows 2000 Server, Windows 2000
Advanced Server, and Windows 2000 Datacenter Server. Citrix recommends
that you install the latest Microsoft service pack for the operating system.
44 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important You must install the Terminal Services component before you
install MetaFrame XP. Terminal Services is not installed with Windows 2000
by default; you can install it with Add/Remove Programs in Control Panel.
Install Terminal Services in Application Server mode.

CAUTION To use the Novell Client with MetaFrame XP on Windows NT Server

4.0, Terminal Server Edition, you must install the Novell Client and restart the
system before installing MetaFrame XP.

Viewing Citrix Documentation

To access the documentation in Adobe Acrobat PDF files, you need Adobe Acrobat
Reader 4 or later. Acrobat Reader lets you view, search, and print the
documentation. You can download Acrobat Reader at no cost from Adobe System’s
Web site (http://www.adobe.com). The self-extracting file includes installation
instructions.

Requirements for Citrix NFuse Classic

To install NFuse Classic on a MetaFrame XP server, Microsoft Internet Information
Services (IIS) Version 5.0 or higher and the Microsoft Java Virtual Machine (JVM),
included with IIS, must be installed before you install MetaFrame XP.

Naming Servers and Server Farms

You assign a name to your MetaFrame XP server farm when you install
MetaFrame XP on the first server in the farm. The server farm name can contain 32
or fewer characters. Server farm names are case-sensitive.
For a MetaFrame XP server farm to operate in mixed mode with an existing
MetaFrame 1.8 server farm, you must assign the name of the MetaFrame 1.8 server
farm when you create the MetaFrame XP server farm.
MetaFrame server names must be unique, whether the servers are in
MetaFrame XP server farms or in mixed-mode MetaFrame XP and MetaFrame 1.8
server farms. If necessary, change the name of a server before installing
MetaFrame XP.

Important MetaFrame XP supports server names that contain extended characters

only if your network’s DNS server supports names with extended characters.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 45

System Hardware Requirements

The following requirements are based on the requirements of the operating systems
on which you run MetaFrame XP.

Windows NT Server 4.0, Terminal Server Edition. Microsoft recommends a Pentium

or better microprocessor, 32MB of RAM, and a hard disk with at least 128MB of
free space.

Windows 2000 Server and Advanced Server. Microsoft recommends a 166MHz or

faster Pentium-compatible processor, 256MB of RAM, and a 2GB hard disk with at
least 1GB of free space.

Windows 2000 Datacenter Server. Microsoft recommends an eight-way or greater

array of Pentium III Xeon processors, 256MB of RAM, and a 2GB hard disk with
at least 1GB of free space.

Important Microsoft recommends that you do not install Terminal Services on a

Windows 2000 Server acting as a domain controller. By default, users cannot log on
to Terminal Services sessions on a domain controller. You can permit users to log
on by setting the “log on locally” right; however, this is not recommended.

Disk and Memory Requirements

In addition to the Windows operating system requirements for your server, use the
following guidelines for MetaFrame XP:
• 250MB disk space for installing the MetaFrame XPe family level
• 150MB disk space for installing all ICA Client software

Modems and Multiport Adapters

In addition to ICA connections over network protocols (see “Configuring Network
ICA Connections” on page 117), MetaFrame XP supports asynchronous ICA
connections.
When you set up an asynchronous ICA connection on a MetaFrame XP server,
client devices with modems can dial up the modem on a MetaFrame XP server.
When they connect, the ICA Client and MetaFrame XP server communicate
directly, without the overhead of Windows Remote Access Service (RAS) and
TCP/IP.
If you want to configure modems for ICA dial up connections and the modems are
configured for Windows RAS, remove the modems from the RAS modem pool
before you start MetaFrame XP installation.
46 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important You cannot configure a modem or serial port as both a RAS service port
and an ICA asynchronous connection port.

For ICA asynchronous connections, Citrix recommends high-speed serial port

hardware or intelligent multiport adapters on the server. These devices use the CPU
efficiently, freeing CPU resources that can be devoted to running user sessions. If
you have a multiport async adapter, install it before starting MetaFrame XP
installation. You can choose to install modems connected to the multiport adapter
before or during MetaFrame XP installation.
MetaFrame XP Setup recognizes TAPI-capable modems installed on the server.
When a TAPI modem is detected, MetaFrame XP uses modem installation and
configuration utilities in Windows to manage the modem. If no modems are
installed on a server, MetaFrame XP Setup gives you the opportunity to install
them.

Citrix Management Console Requirements

Citrix Management Console is the centralized management utility you use to
administer your MetaFrame XP server farm. It is installed on all MetaFrame XP
servers by default. However, using the MetaFrame XP CD, you can install the
Citrix Management Console on workstations that are not used as MetaFrame XP
servers. Computers intended to run the console must meet the following
requirements:

Operating system. You can install Citrix Management Console on any Windows
NT 4.0, Windows 2000, or Windows XP computer. You can install the console on
your MetaFrame and MetaFrame XP servers, but the console does not require that
MetaFrame XP be installed on the same computer.

Sun Java Runtime Environment (JRE). The console is a Java application and
requires the Sun JRE Version 1.3.0. If your system does not have the JRE, Setup
installs Version 1.3.0, the version required to run the console. The console does not
run on JRE Version 1.3.1. If you have this version of the JRE installed on the target
system, you must uninstall it before installing the Citrix Management Console.

Note If you are installing the console on a Windows NT 4.0 workstation, you may
need to install the latest version of the Windows Installer, available from the
Microsoft Web site.

Disk space. A minimum of 50MB of disk space is required for installation of Citrix
Management Console and the Java Run-Time Environment.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 47

Memory. A minimum of 64MB of RAM is needed for running Citrix Management

Console (in addition to RAM required for the operating system and other
applications).

Processor. A Pentium-class or better processor is recommended.

Note For information about requirements for the Citrix Web Console, see “Using
Setup” on page 128.

Sizing Systems for MetaFrame XP

MetaFrame XP supports multiple users on Windows NT 4.0 Server, Terminal
Server Edition, and Windows 2000 Servers. A multiuser system requires more
system resources than a single-user system. This section provides some system-
sizing guidelines that can help you decide on a hardware configuration that will
support your users with optimal performance.

Note More information about system sizing, optimization, configuration, and

deployment scenarios is available in the Advanced Concepts for MetaFrame XP.
The guide is available from the Support area of the Citrix Web site at
www.citrix.com/support. Select Product Documentation.

Most companies find that their users can be categorized as typical users or power
users.

Typical user. Generally uses one or two applications but normally only one at a
time. Little actual program data is transferred between the client and server, and the
users rarely use Object Linking and Embedding (OLE).

Power user. A more sophisticated user who uses three or more applications, often
with several active at the same time. Data is often cut and pasted between local and
remote applications, and OLE is used heavily.
Power users consume more resources than typical users. A good rule of thumb is
that one power user is equivalent to two typical users in processor utilization and
RAM requirements.

Tip The configuration examples in this section are based on numbers of typical
users. Adjust the numbers for power users.
48 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Processor, Bus, and Memory

The processor and bus architecture are fundamental to MetaFrame XP server
performance.
The ISA (AT bus) architecture is low-bandwidth and is not recommended for
MetaFrame XP servers. Use a higher-performance bus, such as EISA or PCI, for
best performance. These buses support the high sustained data transfer rates that are
typical of a MetaFrame XP server.
The memory (RAM) requirement for MetaFrame XP is 16MB plus 4MB for each
typical user or 8MB for each power user. In many cases, adding RAM has a larger
effect on system performance than upgrading to a faster processor.
In general, processor and RAM requirements for MetaFrame XP scale linearly. You
can roughly double the number of users supported on a multiprocessor-capable
system by doubling the number of processors and doubling the amount of RAM. By
purchasing multiprocessor-capable systems (even if you initially purchase only one
processor), you provide for convenient system scaling as your requirements grow.
Note that not all multiprocessor systems scale the same way because of bus
differences. The bus architecture in a multiprocessor system is crucial for
multiprocessor performance with more than four processors, and vendor-specific
drivers are usually required.

Win16 Application Requirements

Windows NT and Windows 2000 are Win32 (32-bit) environments. Windows 3.x
for DOS is a Win16 (16-bit) environment. Windows NT and Windows 2000 run
Win16 applications through a process called WOW (Win16 on Win32), which
translates16-bit applications in enhanced mode. This process causes Win16
applications to consume additional system resources, reducing the number of users
per processor by 20% and increasing the RAM required per user by 25%. For this
reason, use Win32 applications whenever possible. If you intend to run Win16
applications, adjust your processor and RAM requirements accordingly.

Hard Disks
The hard disk subsystem in a server is an important factor in system throughput.
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) disk drives and adapters, especially Fast
Narrow SCSI (SCSI-1), Fast Wide SCSI, Wide Ultra SCSI, and Wide Ultra1 SCSI
devices, have significantly better throughput than ST-506, Integrated Device
Electronics (IDE) or Enhanced Small Device Interface (ESDI) disk drives and
adapters.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 49

For the highest disk performance, consider using a SCSI-based Redundant Array of
Independent Disks (RAID) controller. RAID controllers automatically place data
on multiple disk drives and can increase disk performance and improve data
reliability.
Use NTFS for all disk partitions on your MetaFrame XP servers. NTFS allows
security configuration, better performance, and more fault tolerance.

Network Interfaces
The ICA protocol is highly compressed and causes negligible loading on a network,
but because the MetaFrame XP server handles all network requests, a high-
performance network interface card (NIC) is recommended.
If a multiport asynchronous communications adapter is installed for supporting
serial ICA connections, be sure to use an intelligent (microprocessor-based) adapter
to reduce interrupt overhead and increase throughput.

Using Performance Monitoring Tools

Citrix recommends that you use performance monitoring tools to get accurate
accounts of system performance and the effects of configuration changes on system
throughput. The most important measurements for performance monitoring are the
percentage of total processor time, memory pages per second, percentage of
network utilization, and hard disk I/O rates.
Resource and network management and monitoring features are included with
MetaFrame XPe. Updated documentation for these components of MetaFrame XPe
is included in the Docs directory on the MetaFrame XP CD.
A good way to estimate how many users a server can support is to measure system
performance with two to five users on the system and then scale the results. This
method has been found to yield reliable results.
For information about performance-monitoring counters available for monitoring
ICA and MetaFrame XP servers, see “Monitoring Performance of Sessions and
Servers” on page 288.
50 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Choosing a Database for the Data Store

Before installing MetaFrame XP, you must decide which database to use for your
farm’s data store.
MetaFrame XP is compatible with the following database software:
• Microsoft Access. Access is a lightweight database that is included with
Windows server operating systems. The Access database is created on the first
MetaFrame XP server in a new server farm. It is most appropriate for small to
mid-size server farms.
• Microsoft SQL Server. SQL Server is a true client/server database that offers
robust and scalable support for multiple-server data access. It is suited for use in
farms of any size.
• Oracle. Oracle is a true client/server database that offers robust and scalable
support for multiple-server data access. It is suited for use in farms of any size.
• IBM DB2. DB2 is a true client/server database that offers robust and scalable
support for multiple-server data access. It is suited for use in farms of any size.
When using Microsoft Access, the database is created when you run MetaFrame
XP Setup. The database is stored on the first MetaFrame XP server in the farm.
When using Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, or IBM DB2, the database is on a server
dedicated to running the database product. This dedicated server must be set up
prior to creating the server farm because you will need to configure an ODBC
connection to it. MetaFrame XP servers must also have the appropriate database
client software installed on them.
You should consider many factors before you decide which database product to use
for your server farm’s data store, including but not limited to:
• The number of MetaFrame XP servers you currently plan to have in the server
farm and whether you plan to expand the number of servers in the farm
• Whether you have a database administrator on staff with the expertise to
configure and manage a data store running on SQL Server, Oracle, or DB2
• Whether you foresee the organization expanding, and therefore expanding the
number and type of published applications
• Whether the database can sustain an increase in the number of users and
connections
• Whether a MetaFrame server has the appropriate hardware configuration to also
run an Access database or whether you require that the database be located on a
server that is not also running MetaFrame XP
• Any database maintenance requirements you may have, such as backup,
redundancy, and replication
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 51

Important Microsoft SQL, Oracle, and IBM DB2 servers require significant
expertise to install and maintain. If you do not have expertise with these products,
attempting to use them in a production environment is not recommended. See the
documentation included with your database product for important details such as
performance tuning and database backup procedures.

For information about supported database and ODBC driver versions, see “Data
Store Database Requirements” on page 52.

CAUTION Do not install MetaFrame XP on the Microsoft SQL, Oracle, or IBM

DB2 database server. Refer to your database product’s documentation for specific
hardware requirements for the database server.

System Sizing for the Data Store Database

The choice of which database to use for your MetaFrame XP server farm’s data
store depends greatly on your implementation and environment.
Use the chart below as a guideline to determine which scenario most closely
matches your environment. If your environment doesn’t fit neatly into the
categories listed, choose the category that has the most in common with your
environment.

Small Medium Large Enterprise

Servers 1-50 25-100 50-100 100 or more
Named Users < 150 < 3000 < 5000 > 3000
Applications < 100 < 100 < 500 < 2000

The following are general recommendations for the server farm’s data store
database:
• Microsoft Access is suitable for all small and many medium-sized
environments
• Microsoft SQL, Oracle, and IBM DB2 are suitable for any size environment
and are especially recommended for all large and enterprise environments

Note If you plan to use mixed mode to support MetaFrame 1.8 servers, do not
include the MetaFrame 1.8 servers in your system sizing calculations.
52 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Connecting to the Data Store

After you decide which database to use for the data store, decide whether
MetaFrame XP servers will connect directly to it or indirectly through another
MetaFrame XP server.
To make a direct connection to the data store, a MetaFrame XP server must have
the appropriate ODBC drivers installed and configured properly. The MetaFrame
server then connects directly to the server on which the database is running.
For indirect access, a MetaFrame XP server connects to an intermediary
MetaFrame XP server. The intermediary server connects to the data store directly.
Using indirect connectivity with an SQL Server database eliminates the need to
install and configure the ODBC drivers on every MetaFrame XP server. If you are
using an SQL Server database for the data store, you can use a combination of
direct and indirect access methods for the servers in the farm.

Tip Indirect access is not recommended for mission-critical server farms because
the intermediary server is a single point of failure.

By default, indirect access uses TCP port 2512 for communication between the
MetaFrame XP servers. If the MetaFrame XP servers are in different subnets, be
sure this port is not blocked by any firewalls. If this port number is not convenient,
it can be changed.

Important If you recreate the server farm’s data store database, a Citrix
administrator account with full administration rights is created using the local
administrator account credentials. Be sure to create a new Citrix administrator with
full administration rights in Citrix Management Console. Doing so replaces the
default Citrix administrator account that uses the local administrator credentials.
Be sure to back up any database before you attempt to recreate it.

Data Store Database Requirements

You can use the Microsoft Access database engine or a Microsoft SQL Server,
Oracle, or IBM DB2 database for the server farm’s data store. The supported
ODBC drivers and database versions are listed below.

Microsoft Access
Choosing Use a local database (Microsoft Access) on this server during
MetaFrame XP Setup creates a Microsoft Access database on the MetaFrame
server. This database acts as the server farm’s data store.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 53

The Microsoft Access database engine and ODBC drivers are default components
of Windows 2000 Servers. The ODBC connection to Access uses the Microsoft Jet
Engine. To use the database engine, you do not have to install any drivers or
perform any database configuration prior to MetaFrame XP installation.

Minimum Requirements
The MetaFrame XP server that hosts the Access database should meet the following
minimum requirements:
• Approximately 50MB of disk space for every 100 servers and 25 applications in
the farm
• 32MB of additional RAM if the MetaFrame XP server will also host
connections

Authenticating to the Access Database

If you decide to create a local Access database on the MetaFrame XP server,
MetaFrame Setup creates a database called “mf20.mdb.” The default user name and
password for this database file are “citrix/citrix.”
You can use the Dsmaint command (dsmaint config /pwd:newpassword) to change
the password on the database. The Citrix IMA Service can be running when you use
the command. Keep the new password in a secure place so you can access it if you
want to migrate to another database.

Important Be sure to back up the Access database using the Dsmaint command
(dsmaint backup) before changing the password used to access the database.

For more information about MetaFrame XP commands, see “MetaFrame XP

Commands” on page 309.

Microsoft SQL Server

MetaFrame XP supports the following versions of Microsoft SQL Server for the
server farm’s data store.

Microsoft SQL Server 7. Microsoft SQL Server 7 with Service Pack 2 or Service
Pack 3 is supported on Windows NT 4.0 Server and Windows 2000 Server Family.
Version 3.70.08.20 or greater of the Microsoft SQL ODBC driver must be installed
on each MetaFrame XP server that will directly access the SQL server.
• On Windows 2000 servers, the necessary drivers are installed with the operating
system.
54 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

• On Windows NT 4.0 Server, install Microsoft Data Access Components

(MDAC) Version 2.6 with Service Pack 1, which can be downloaded for free
from Microsoft’s download site. Do not use MDAC 2.6 without Service Pack 1.

Important On Windows NT 4.0, TSE systems, stop the Terminal Services

Licensing Service before installing MDAC. After installing MDAC, clear the
event log, then restart the server before installing MetaFrame XP.

Microsoft SQL Server 2000. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 is supported on Windows
NT 4.0 Server and the Windows 2000 Server family.
On Windows NT 4.0 Server, Windows NT Service Pack 5 (SP 5) or later must be
installed for all SQL Server 2000 editions.
The following configurations have been verified by Citrix testing:
• MDAC 2.5, Windows 2000 Server, SQL Server 2000
• MDAC 2.51, Windows 2000 Server with SP1 or SP2, SQL Server 2000
• MDAC 2.51, Windows 2000 Server with SP1 or SP1, SQL Server 2000 with
SP1
• MDAC 2.6 SP1, Windows 2000 Server with SP1 or SP2, SQL Server 2000 with
SP1

Important MDAC 2.6 without SP1 is not supported because of an issue with
the driver.

Minimum Requirements
The practices outlined in this section are suggested practices for using Microsoft
SQL Server as the data store. Be sure to read the Microsoft SQL Server
documentation before you install and configure Microsoft SQL Server.
The following minimum requirements can apply to MetaFrame XP
implementations that use SQL Server as the farm’s data store:
• There should be approximately 100MB of disk space for every 250 servers and
50 published applications in the farm. The required disk space increases if a
large number of published applications are in the farm.
• Set the “temp” database to automatically grow on a partition with at least 1GB
of free disk space. 4GB is recommended if the MetaFrame server farm is large
and includes multiple print drivers.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 55

Note Make sure that enough disk space exists on the server to support growth
of both the “temp” database and the data store database.

Authenticating to the Microsoft SQL Server Database

Consider the following issues when planning authentication to the SQL Server
database:
• Microsoft SQL Server supports Windows NT and Microsoft SQL Server
authentication. Consult the Microsoft SQL Server documentation for
configuring Windows NT authentication support. For high-security
environments, Citrix recommends using Windows NT authentication only.
• The user account used for connecting to the data store must have database
owner (“db_owner”) rights to the database.
• When you are done installing the database with database owner rights, set the
user permissions to read/write only. Doing this increases the security of the
database.

Important If you change the rights from database owner to read/write, be sure to
change the rights back to database owner before you attempt to install MetaFrame
XP service packs or feature releases. Installation of MetaFrame service packs or
feature releases can fail if the user account you use to authenticate to the data store
during Setup does not have database owner rights.

Migrating to SQL Server

Migration of a MetaFrame XP server farm data store to Microsoft SQL Server is
supported for the database versions listed in the following table. For information
about data store migration, see the Dsmaint command on page 330.

Original platform Target platform

Microsoft Access SQL Server 7 with SP3
Microsoft Access SQL Server 2000
Microsoft Access SQL Server 2000 with SP1
Oracle 8.1.6 SQL Server 2000 with SP1
Oracle 8.1.7 SQL Server 2000 with SP1
Oracle9i SQL Server 2000 with SP1
IBM DB2 with FixPak 5 SQL Server 2000 with SP1
56 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Oracle
MetaFrame XP supports the following Oracle databases for the server farm’s data
store:
• Oracle9i, Enterprise Edition Database Release 1
• Oracle8i, Version 8.1.6 and 8.1.7
• Oracle 8, Version 8.0.6
• Oracle 7, Version 7.3.4
If you are using Oracle 8, install the Oracle Net8 client Version 8.1.5.5 or later and
ODBC drivers provided by Oracle on each MetaFrame XP server that will directly
access the database server. The MetaFrame farm’s data store is stored as an object
(schema) assigned to a user. You do not need a separate database for each data store.
During install, you can either run the Net8 Easy Config, or cancel the installation at
that point and copy the Tnsnames.ora and Sqlnet.ora files from the Oracle server to
%oracle home directory%\network\admin on each MetaFrame XP server.

Important Restart the system after you install the Oracle client and before you
install MetaFrame XP.
In some cases you will need to configure the DNS entry within the Oracle Net8
Assistant. To do this, click Profile and then select the Oracle Names tab. Enter the
DNS suffix that the network is using. You can use the command IPCONFIG /ALL
to gather the DNS suffix that must be used.
If you do not restart the server after you install the Oracle client, or if the client
requires the DNS suffix to be specified, MetaFrame XP Setup reports the following
error: “The procedure entry point OCIUnicodeToCharSet could not be located in
the dynamic link library OCI.dll.”

If you are using Oracle9i, install the Oracle9i Administrator client to obtain the
Oracle ODBC driver Version 9.0.1.0.1. The Oracle9i Run-time client does not have
ODBC driver support, which is required on each MetaFrame XP server that will
directly access the database server.

Minimum Requirements
The practices outlined below are suggested practices for using an Oracle database
for the server farm’s data store. Be sure to read the Oracle documentation before
you install and configure Oracle databases.
The following minimum requirements can apply to MetaFrame XP
implementations that use Oracle as the farm’s data store. Guidelines given here
apply to Oracle7, Oracle8, and Oracle8i, except as noted otherwise.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 57

• There should be approximately 100MB of disk space for every 250 servers and
50 published applications in the farm. The required disk space increases if a
large number of published applications are in the farm.
• The Oracle Client (Version 8.1.55 or later) must be installed on the MetaFrame
server before you install MetaFrame XP. The 8.1.5 client is not supported with
MetaFrame XP.

Authenticating to the Oracle Database

Consider the following issues when planning authentication to the Oracle database:
• Oracle for Solaris supports Oracle authentication only; it does not support
Windows NT authentication.
• Oracle for Windows NT supports both Windows NT and Oracle authentication.
Consult the Oracle documentation for information about configuring Windows
NT authentication.
• The Oracle user account must be the same for every server in the farm because
all servers share a common schema.
• If you are using one database to hold information for multiple MetaFrame XP
farms, each farm represented in the database must have a different user account.
This is because the data store information is stored in the Oracle user account’s
schema.
• The account used to connect to the data store database must have the following
Oracle permissions:
• Connect
• Resource
• Unlimited Tablespace (optional)

Migrating to Oracle
Migration of a MetaFrame XP server farm data store to an Oracle database is
supported for the database versions listed in the following table. For information
about data store migration, see the Dsmaint command on page 330.

Original platform Target platform

Microsoft Access Oracle 7
Microsoft Access Oracle 8
Microsoft Access Oracle 8.1.6
Microsoft Access Oracle 8.1.7
58 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Original platform Target platform

Microsoft Access Oracle9i
Microsoft SQL Server (SQL 7 with SP2 or SP3 Oracle 7
or SQL 2000 with SP1)
Microsoft SQL Server (SQL 7 with SP2 or SP3 Oracle 8
or SQL 2000 with SP1)
Microsoft SQL Server (SQL 7 with SP2 or SP3 Oracle 8.1.6
or SQL 2000 with SP1)
Microsoft SQL Server (SQL 7 with SP2 or SP3 Oracle 8.1.7
or SQL 2000 with SP1)
Microsoft SQL Server (SQL 7 with SP2 or SP3 Oracle9i
or SQL 2000 with SP1)
IBM DB2 with FixPak 5 Oracle 7
IBM DB2 with FixPak 5 Oracle 8
IBM DB2 with FixPak 5 Oracle 8.1.6
IBM DB2 with FixPak 5 Oracle 8.1.7
IBM DB2 with FixPak 5 Oracle9i

IBM DB2
MetaFrame XP supports IBM DB2 Universal Database Enterprise Edition Version
7.2 for Windows 2000 with FixPak 5 for the server farm’s data store.

Important MetaFrame XP uses the data type of binary large object (BLOB) to
store information in an IBM DB2 database. IBM DB2 does not support the use of
BLOB data types in an updateable replication scenario. Therefore, if your server
farm needs to have updateable replicas, use Microsoft SQL Server or Oracle for the
farm’s data store instead of IBM DB2.

Install the IBM DB2 Run-Time Client and apply FixPak 5 on each MetaFrame XP
server that will directly access the database server. If you have multiple MetaFrame
XP farms, create a separate database/tablespace for each farm’s data store.

Important Restart the system after you install the IBM DB2 Run-Time client and
FixPak5 and before you install MetaFrame XP. You may also need to restart after
you install the Run-Time client and before you install FixPak 5. See the DB2
documentation for more information.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 59

Minimum Requirements
The practices outlined below are suggested practices for using an IBM DB2
database for the server farm’s data store. Be sure to read the DB2 documentation
before you install and configure DB2 databases.
The following minimum requirements can apply to MetaFrame XP
implementations that use DB2 as the farm’s data store.
• There should be approximately 100MB of disk space for every 250 servers and
50 published applications in the farm. The required disk space increases if a
large number of published applications are in the farm.
• If you create a data source name (DSN) for use with an unattended installation
of IBM DB2, Citrix recommends that you create the DSN using the Microsoft
ODBC Data Source Administration screen. Doing so ensures that the DSN is
populated according to MetaFrame requirements for proper connectivity to the
DB2 database or tablespace.

Migrating to IBM DB2

Migration of a MetaFrame XP server farm data store to an IBM DB2 database is
supported for the database versions listed in the following table. For information
about data store migration, see the Dsmaint command on page 330.

Original platform Target platform

Microsoft Access IBM DB2 with FixPak 5
Microsoft SQL Server 2000 with SP1 IBM DB2 with FixPak 5
Oracle 7 IBM DB2 with FixPak 5
Oracle 8 IBM DB2 with FixPak 5
Oracle 8.1.6 IBM DB2 with FixPak 5
Oracle 8.1.7 IBM DB2 with FixPak 5
Oracle9i IBM DB2 with FixPak 5

The migration of an existing MetaFrame XP server farm data store to IBM DB2 is
completed as a single transaction for roll-back purposes. Before migrating the
database to DB2, verify that enough log space exists on the target DB2 server to
support the migration. If the DB2 server runs out of log space, the migration will
fail and roll back.
60 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Network Configuration and Account Authority Issues

Before you implement your MetaFrame XP installation, you must consider issues
related to network configuration and the management of user accounts. This section
discusses recommended practices for:
• Windows NT (non-Active Directory) and Active Directory domains and groups
• Security models and user access to applications
• Configuration of accounts for Citrix administrators
• Working with Novell Directory Services

General Configuration Issues

Citrix recommends that you do not use Windows primary domain controllers or
backup domain controllers as MetaFrame XP servers, because of these factors:
• Domain controllers handle user validation for network logons and access to
network resources. These functions and the associated network communication
can significantly affect the performance of an application server.
• MetaFrame XP Setup cannot create anonymous accounts on primary or backup
domain controllers, so you cannot publish applications for anonymous access
on MetaFrame XP servers that are domain controllers.

Recommendations for Active Directory

If your network is configured to use Active Directory domains and groups, consider
the following Citrix deployment recommendations:

Use Windows 2000 Servers. Install MetaFrame XP exclusively on Windows 2000

Servers. Native support for Active Directory is included in Windows 2000, so you
do not need to install additional services.
If users of the server farm use User Principal Name (UPN) logons, you must use
Windows 2000 servers exclusively, because UPN logons are not supported by
Windows NT Server 4.0, Terminal Server Edition (TSE) servers, even with the
Active Directory Services Interface installed. If the server farm contains both
Windows 2000 and TSE servers, you must use the pre-Windows 2000 logon name
in the format domainname\username.

Use a single forest. Install all servers in the server farm so they reside in one Active
Directory forest. See “Using Active Directory Forests” on page 61.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 61

Install ADSI 2.5 or higher. If you use TSE servers in the server farm, install Active
Directory Services Interface (ADSI) 2.5 or higher on the TSE servers. ADSI
significantly improves the speed of user enumeration in large domains. With ADSI,
colored icons appear in directory lists to distinguish group types. Installing ADSI
on all TSE servers and having Active Directory domains running in native mode
lets you use domain local groups when publishing applications and allocating
printers. In addition, ADSI lets TSE servers use LDAP queries rather than using
legacy domain operations whenever possible.
If ADSI is not installed, TSE servers cannot enumerate domain local groups from
Active Directory domains that are running in Active Directory native mode.

Important Even if a TSE server has ADSI installed, logging in using the User
Principal Name (UPN) is not permitted for Program Neighborhood filtering. In
addition, Citrix administrators cannot use a UPN to log on to Citrix Management
Console. For this reason, you must use only Windows 2000 servers if you want
users to log on with UPN credentials.

Recommended Domain Configurations

Citrix recommends the following for configuration of MetaFrame XP server farms
with Active Directory:
• All servers reside in the same domain
• The server farm domain has no trust relationships with non-Active Directory
domains
• The server farm is in a single Active Directory forest
These recommendations are not a requirement. However, multiple domains or trust
relationships with non-Active Directory domains can affect all aspects of user
authentication, which include:
• Authentication for Citrix administrators
• Access by users to published applications
• Assignment of users to network printers

Using Active Directory Forests

If you use Windows Active Directory, Citrix recommends that all MetaFrame XP
servers in a server farm belong to the same Active Directory forest. If your server
farm has MetaFrame XP servers in more than one forest, users cannot log on using
UPNs.
62 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

UPN logons use the format username@UPN identifier. With Active Directory,
UPN logons do not require a domain to be specified, because Active Directory can
locate full UPN logons in the directory. However, if multiple forests exist in the
server farm, problems can arise because the same UPN identifier can exist in two
domains in separate forests.

Important Because there is no efficient way to perform account resolution,

MetaFrame XP does not support UPN logons if a MetaFrame XP farm spans
multiple Active Directory forests.

User Access to Applications and Printers

To authorize user access to resources in a server farm, you select user and group
accounts. For example, when you publish an application, you select the servers to
host the application and Citrix Management Console lists the user accounts from
the trust intersection of all the servers (accounts that are trusted by all the servers).
You then select the users and groups that you want to allow to use the application.
After you select users, changing the list of host servers can change the trust
intersection, which can make the application unavailable to users who are no longer
in the servers’ trust intersection. If the trust intersection changes, the console
informs you and removes users who are no longer eligible to use the resource from
the authorized users list.
A published application is available only to users who can access every server that
hosts the application. When multiple servers host the same application, you cannot
predict which servers ICA Clients will connect to when they launch the application.
Therefore, if a user is authorized to access only some servers, you cannot ensure
that the user will always be able to use the application.
To prevent unpredictable access, MetaFrame XP removes users from the authorized
users of a published application or printer if the accounts are not in the trust
intersection for all the host servers.

Trust-Based Routing
Trust-based routing allows servers to be members of a server farm even if the
servers belong to domains that don’t trust each other. In trust-based routing, a
request to enumerate users or authenticate a user is routed to a server that has the
required domain trust relationship if the originating server does not.
During a trust query cycle, a MetaFrame XP server registers its trusted domains
with the server farm’s data store. This operation occurs during every service startup
and approximately every six hours while the service is executing. Therefore, the
data store is a central repository of all trust data for the servers in the server farm.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 63

When a server needs to perform an operation (as defined below) on a domain that it
doesn’t trust, the server determines from the data store which servers can perform
the operation, and then routes the request to the most accessible server.
Trust-based routing applies to the following operations:
• Authenticating a Citrix administrator to Citrix Management Console
• Refreshing the display or launching an application in Program Neighborhood
• Enumerating users and groups in the console
• Resolving users and groups into distinguished account names when you add
users or groups to a published application, add users to a printer auto-creation
list, or define new Citrix administrators

Active Directory Security Model and Restrictions

Active Directory introduces new types of security groups to which network users
can belong. You can use these security groups when you select users for published
applications and network printers.
This section describes the Active Directory security groups and gives
recommendations for using Active Directory security groups in a MetaFrame XP
server farm.

Domain local groups. In the Active Directory model, domain local groups can
contain groups from other domains, but the domain local group can be assigned to
resources only in the domain in which it exists.

Universal groups. Universal groups can contain groups from other domains.
Universal groups are stored in the Active Directory global catalog. Universal
groups can be used for assigning permissions to resources in any domain.

Domain global groups. Global groups contain groups within the same domain and
can be assigned to resources in any domain. Citrix recommends that you use
domain global groups for user access to published applications and network
printers.

Note Domain global groups are equivalent to non-Active Directory global groups.

Domain local groups and universal groups are available only in Active Directory
domains that are operating in native mode.
If you plan to use universal groups or domain local groups, it is recommended that
you follow the deployment guidelines in this section regarding domain
configuration and use of groups to reduce administrative complexity.
64 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

For in-depth technical information about user access issues and configuration
issues, see “User Permission Scenarios with Active Directory” on page 64.
If you change the servers that host a published application, the trust intersection
with individual user accounts and with domain local groups can change.
For example, if all servers hosting an application or a printer reside in a common
domain, D1, you can select domain local groups from D1 to grant access to the
resource. If you then configure additional servers to host the resource and these
servers do not reside in D1, Citrix Management Console detects the change and
removes the D1 domain local group from the configured accounts for the resource.
For more information about domains, establishing trust relationship among
domains, and configuring user accounts in domains or Active Directory, refer to
your Windows documentation.

User Permission Scenarios with Active Directory

With Active Directory, the following issues affect the choices you make when you
configure a server farm and manage user permissions:
• If you use universal groups to give users permission to run published
applications, all the servers that run an application (if you use Citrix Load
Manager for load balancing) must reside in an Active Directory domain.
• If you use a domain local group to give users permission to run published
applications, all servers that load-balance an application must belong to the
same domain. Also, the domain local group you assign to an application must
be in the common primary domain of all the load-balancing servers.
• If a user is a member of a domain local group, the group is in the user’s security
token only when the user logs on to a machine in the same domain as the
domain local group. Trust-based routing does not guarantee that a user’s logon
request will be sent to a server in the same domain as the domain local group.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 65

The table below describes how network configurations affect user permissions with
Active Directory.

Program Neighborhood Authenticating to Published Authenticating to Citrix

Filtering Applications Management Console
Domain Global No adverse effects No adverse effects No adverse effects
Groups
Domain Local Recommendation: All Recommendation: All servers that Recommendation: If a user
Groups servers in the farm must be in load-balance an application must be is a Citrix administrator only
the same domain for in the same domain if a domain local by membership in a domain
Program Neighborhood group is authorized to use the local group, the user must
filtering to work properly. application. connect the console to a
Rationale: If a user is a Rationale: Domain local groups server in the same domain as
member of a domain local assigned to an application must be the domain local group.
group, the group is present in from the common primary domain of Rationale: If the user
the user’s security token only all the load-balancing servers. connects the console to a
when logging on to a When you publish applications, server in a different domain
machine in the same domain domain local groups appear in the than the domain local group,
as the domain local group. accounts list if the first condition the user is denied access to
Trust-based routing (see above is met and accounts from the the console because the
page 62) does not guarantee common primary domain are domain local group is not in
that a logon request will be displayed (a green domain icon the user’s security token.
sent to a server in the same denotes the servers’ common
domain as the domain local primary domain).
group. It guarantees only that
If a published application has users
the request will be handled
from any domain local groups and
by a server in a domain that
you add a server from a different
trusts the user’s domain.
domain, domain local groups are
removed from the configured users
list, because all servers must be able
to validate any user with permission
to run the application.
66 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Program Neighborhood Authenticating to Published Authenticating to Citrix

Filtering Applications Management Console
Universal Recommendation: No Recommendation: If universal Recommendation: If a user
Groups Active Directory domains in groups are assigned permission to is authenticating to the
the forest to which the the application, all servers that console and the user is a
servers belong have explicit manage the application must be in Citrix administrator only by
trust relationships with non- an Active Directory domain. membership in a universal
Active Directory domains. Rationale: A server in a non-Active group, the console must
Rationale: Non-Active Directory domain could authenticate connect to a server that
Directory domains have no the user to run the application. In this belongs to an Active Directory
knowledge of universal case, universal groups are not in the domain in the universal
groups and the domain user’s security token, so the user is group’s forest.
controllers will exclude a denied access to the application. Rationale: Non-Active
universal group from a user’s It is possible for a server in a non- Directory domain controllers
security token. As a result, Active Directory domain to load and domains outside a
applications might not appear balance an application with servers universal group’s forest have
in Program Neighborhood. in an Active Directory domain if the no information about the
domains have an explicit trust universal group.
relationship.

Supporting Novell Directory Service Users

MetaFrame XP supports user authentication through Novell Directory Service
(NDS).
NDS offers access by a secure logon and organizes network resources in a directory
tree for administration. When an NDS tree is designated on a server farm, the tree is
accessed directly for NDS user account information.
MetaFrame XP servers used for NDS applications need the Novell Client installed.
Dedicate servers with the Novell Client to applications for NDS objects after NDS
is enabled for a server farm. Do not host published applications assigned to
Windows NT, Windows 2000, or Active Directory users on these servers. The
server farm can be a mixture of servers used exclusively for NDS applications and
other servers.
A Citrix administrator must have NDS credentials to manage applications and
printers for NDS objects and to assign Citrix administrator privilege to NDS
objects. To administer applications on a server dedicated to NDS, you must connect
Citrix Management Console to a server that has Feature Release 1 or higher.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 67

The following table lists NDS terms used in this section and their meanings:

Term Meaning
Tree A set of objects set up hierarchically in a tree structure. The root object of
the NDS tree is at the top of the tree.
Container object The tree may or may not branch to these NDS Container objects:
Country (a country location for this part of the organization)
Organization (a company, university, or departmental unit)
Organizational Unit (a business unit, division, or project team)
Common Name The name for a leaf object on the tree. Examples of leaf objects are: users,
groups, servers, and printers.
Context An object’s position in the tree. One way to represent context is by a string
of the Common Names of the objects in the path from the leaf or container
object to the root.
Distinguished A combination of an object’s common name and its context that makes up
Name a complete NDS path for an object. A full Distinguished Name (DN) starts
with a period, for the root, and has a period between each object name.

Setting up Support for NDS

For MetaFrame XP to access NDS on Novell servers, one of the following must be
installed:
• NDS Version 8.73 for NetWare 5.1
• NDS for eDirectory Version 8.5x for Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000 Server,
or NetWare 5.x
The minimum MetaFrame server software requirements are:
• Novell Client Version 4.8
• MetaFrame XP Feature Release 1 or higher
If you are setting up a server that does not yet have MetaFrame installed, install the
Novell Client before you install MetaFrame XP and Feature Release 1. If the client
is already installed, refer to the procedure below for information about specifying
the correct logon.
68 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important If you install the Novell client on a MetaFrame XP server, set the
following value in the [386Enh] section of the System.Ini file before you install
MetaFrame XP:
FileSysChange=off
Make this change in System.ini for all users. If this parameter is not set correctly,
the MetaFrame XP installer reports that the FileSysChange parameter is not valid.
Novell technical document 10058117 refers to this issue. Please see the Novell
knowledgebase on the Web at http://support.novell.com/search/kb_index.jsp for
more information.

To change the registry on a server when the Novell Client is installed

If MetaFrame XP is installed before you install the Novell client, you need to
change registry settings on the server before and after you install the Novell Client.

CAUTION Using Registry Editor incorrectly can cause serious problems that can
require you to reinstall the operating system. Citrix cannot guarantee that problems
resulting from incorrect use of Registry Editor can be solved. Use Registry Editor at
your own risk.
Make sure you back up the registry before you edit it. If you are running Windows
NT, make sure you also update your Emergency Repair Disk.

1. Before installing the Novell Client, run regedt32.

2. Edit the registry under:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\
CurrentVersion\Winlogon
Double-click GinaDLL. In the String Editor window that pops up, type
Msgina.dll, a new value for the GinaDLL entry.
3. Install the Novell Client without rebooting when prompted.
4. Edit the registry entry for GinaDLL as in Step 2. This time type Ctxgina.dll as
the value.
5. With the key path for Winlogon still selected, click Edit on the top menu bar.
6. Click Add Value.
7. Type ctxGinaDLL in the Add Value dialog box. Data Type is REG_SZ.
8. Type nwgina.dll in the String Editor window. This is the new value for the
new ctxGinaDLL entry.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 69

9. Restart the server.

To enable or disable NDS support for a server farm

NDS support is disabled for a server farm by default. Feature Release 1 supports
one NDS tree per farm.
1. Connect to a server that has Feature Release 1 or higher and the Novell Client
installed, using a Feature Release 1 or higher Citrix Management Console.
2. Right-click the farm node at the top of the tree and choose Properties.
3. Click the MetaFrame Settings tab.
4. To enable or disable NDS support, do either:
• Enter the NDS tree name in the NDS Preferred Tree field
• Clear the NDS tree name in the NDS Preferred Tree field
5. Click OK.

To assign Citrix administrator privileges to NDS objects

A Citrix administrator can assign Citrix administrator privileges to objects in an
NDS tree, such as a country, organization, organization unit, group, user, or an alias.
1. Right-click Citrix Administrators in Citrix Management Console and click Add
a Citrix Administrator.
2. In the Add Citrix Administrator dialog box, double-click to open the NDS
tree. Objects in the NDS tree represent container objects and leaf objects.
3. Select the Show Users box to see the user and alias objects in this hierarchy.
4. Double-click to open container objects until the object that you want to add to
the Citrix Administrator list is in the dialog box. Select this object.
5. Click Add. Assign the tasks you want the Citrix administrator to be able to
perform. Click OK.
This object and those below it have the selected Citrix administrator privileges.
70 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

To log on to Citrix Management Console as an NDS user

You need a Distinguished Name, password, and NDS tree name to perform the
following steps. If you don’t have this information, consult the Novell or Citrix
administrator who set up the NDS object to have Citrix administrator privileges.
1. Type a Distinguished Name in the User Name field. A full Distinguished Name
starts with a period and has a period between each object name.
For example, User JoeX, within two container objects (the Admin organization
unit within the PNQ organization) would type the following Distinguished
Name in the User Name box:
.JoeX.Admin.PNQ
2. Type the password in the Password box.
3. Type the NDS tree name in the Domain box.

To publish an application for NDS users

1. Log on to Citrix Management Console as an NDS user.
2. Verify that the intended host server has the Novell Client installed.
3. From the Actions menu, choose New > Publish Application.
4. Follow the instructions in the Publish Application wizard. Click Help to obtain
detailed help for each step.
5. In the Specify Users dialog box of the Publish Application wizard, double-click
to open the NDS tree.
6. Double-click to open container or leaf objects until the object to be granted
access is in the window.
7. Select the object and click Add. Click Finish.
The object and those under it now have access to the application.

Configuring Printer Auto creation in NDS

Citrix Management Console can be used to choose Windows NT or Active
Directory print queues and assign them to NDS objects for auto-creation. Print
permissions to the queue must be granted to the Dynamic Local User created when
the NDS user logs onto a server. This may involve enabling the Guest account on
the print server. See Microsoft documentation for information about enabling the
Guest account.
NDPS print queues cannot be chosen and assigned to NDS objects through Printer
Management in Citrix Management Console. Consult Novell documentation for
setting up NDPS print queues in ZENworks.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 71

Using the BUILTIN Group

When you specify users and groups for access to published applications or network
printers, or when you create Citrix administrators, a special option, the BUILTIN
group, is available from the menus that list network domains.
You can use the BUILTIN option:
• If your network environment is configured with Windows workgroups rather
than with Windows network domains
• For compatibility with Novell’s ZENworks product

Using BUILTIN for Publishing Applications and Printer Management

If you use the BUILTIN group to specify users for applications and printer
resources, do not use Program Neighborhood and NFuse for ICA Client
connections to published applications. Use only custom ICA connections to launch
applications.

Compatibility with ZENworks Dynamic Local Users

In network environments that use Novell’s ZENworks product for user
management, use the BUILTIN group for compatibility. You select the BUILTIN
group to specify dynamic local users managed by ZENworks when you publish
applications and assign users to network printers.
With ZENworks, the software that handles user logons (called GINA for Graphical
Identification and Authentication) on every machine that supports this feature is
replaced with the GINA provided by Novell. Users log on by entering Novell
Directory Service (NDS) credentials. An NDS server authenticates the user and
determines permissions for the logon server. On this server, ZENworks dynamically
creates a local user and gives group permissions according to the user policies. The
only constant security ID between sessions is the security IDs of the BUILTIN
groups to which the NDS user belongs.

Changing Domain Trust Relationships

If you add a new domain trust relationship, you might not be able to select user
accounts in the server farm based on the trust relationship right away.
You might see this situation when you publish an application, for example, after
adding a new trust relationship. In the dialog box where you configure user
accounts for the application, when you select a domain, the newly-trusted domain
does not appear until the IMA service propagates the new trust relationship
throughout the server farm.
72 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

The user management subsystem updates its domain trust information every six
hours (and during service startup). Therefore, it might take as long as six hours for
all servers in the server farm to recognize a new trust relationship.
You can avoid a delay in detection of network trust changes by restarting the IMA
service on all servers affected by the change. For example, if you change a trust
relationship to allow DomainX to trust DomainY, restart all servers that belong to
DomainX. With Active Directory, if you add a new domain to an Active Directory
forest, for example, restart the IMA service on all servers that belong to a domain in
the forest that is affected by the change.
If you are unsure which servers are affected by a trust relationship change, you can
restart the IMA service on all servers in the farm to ensure that the change is
recognized. Citrix recommends that you restart the IMA service only during off-
peak hours when the load on the servers is very low.

Configuring Citrix Administrator Accounts

Citrix administrators manage MetaFrame XP server farms. You can create Citrix
administrator accounts with the following permission levels:
• Full administration rights to all areas of MetaFrame XP server farm
management.
• View only access to all areas of server farm management.
• Mixed levels of access to areas of farm management or specific tasks within
those areas; administrators can have a mixture of view-only access, write
access, or no access.
When you install the first MetaFrame XP server in a new server farm, you specify
an initial farm administrator. This user account is automatically configured as a
Citrix administrator with full administration rights in Citrix Management Console.
To give other user accounts access to the console, a Citrix administrator with full
administration rights logs on to the console and creates other Citrix administrator
accounts. The level of permission for various areas of farm management depends
on the specific business function of the administrator. For example, your system or
network administrators may need complete access to all areas of farm and server
management, while help desk personnel may need only view access to most areas.
To give administrators of your server farm access to Citrix Management Console,
you add their network user accounts to the Citrix Administrators group. The
console uses standard Windows network logon and user account authentication
mechanisms. Click the Citrix Administrators node in the left pane of the console to
view all Citrix administrators.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 73

When you create a Citrix administrator account for a user, you can grant or deny
access to specific MetaFrame XP tasks, such as disconnecting users, or to an entire
area of server farm management, such as managing sessions. You can create
specialized Citrix administrators with the permission level to carry out specific
tasks without granting these administrators full access to all areas of farm
management.
For more information about delegating administration rights to Citrix
administrators, see “Configuring Citrix Administrator Accounts” on page 162.

Note One Citrix administrator account with full administration rights must always
exist in the server farm. MetaFrame prevents you from deleting the last Citrix
administrator account with this level of permission. However, if the account no
longer exists in the network account authority, the console allows a local
administrator to log on to the console to set up Citrix administrator accounts.

Planning for Client and Server Communications

In a MetaFrame XP server farm, several types of data transmission and
communication pathways link ICA Clients with MetaFrame XP servers and other
components.
Consider the following communication issues for your deployment of
MetaFrame XP, ICA Clients, and optionally, Citrix NFuse Classic and related
Citrix services:
• Configuring ICA browsing so ICA Clients can find published applications and
MetaFrame XP servers in your server farm
• Configuring network firewalls to allow communication among ICA Clients,
MetaFrame XP, and NFuse
• Configuring a MetaFrame XP server farm for interoperability with
MetaFrame 1.8
The first part of this section focuses on MetaFrame XP. For information about
communication issues with MetaFrame XP and MetaFrame 1.8, see “ICA
Browsers and MetaFrame 1.8 Interoperability” on page 86.

Note Features described in this section, including ICA browsing and published
applications, are not available to all ICA Clients. This section focuses on the
Version 6.0 and later ICA Win32 Client features and server farm configuration with
this client. For information about server connections options in other clients, see the
Citrix ICA Client Administrator’s Guide for the clients you plan to deploy.
74 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Linking ICA Clients and MetaFrame XP Servers

In a server farm, the main communication processes between ICA Clients and
MetaFrame XP servers are ICA browsing and ICA sessions.

ICA Clients perform ICA browsing when requesting applications from MetaFrame
servers. A client initiates an ICA session with the server to run an application.

ICA browsing

ICA session

ICA Browsing
ICA browsing is a process in which an ICA Client transmits data to locate
MetaFrame servers on the network and get information about the server farm’s
published applications.
For ICA browsing, clients communicate with the Citrix XML Service or the ICA
Browser, depending on the browsing protocol selected in the ICA Client. These
options are described under “Configuring ICA Browsing” on page 75.
ICA browsing occurs when:
• Users launch published applications. The ICA Client sends a request to locate
the application on a MetaFrame server. With the Citrix Load Manager option,
the client gets the address of the server with the lightest load.
• Users display the Application Set list in the Find New Application Set wizard in
Program Neighborhood.
• A user displays the Server or Published Application list in the Add New ICA
Connection wizard to create a custom ICA connection.

ICA browsing produces

the Servers and
Published Applications
list for a custom ICA
connection in the
Win32 Client
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 75

ICA Sessions
An ICA session is the communication link between ICA Clients and MetaFrame
servers that ICA Clients establish to run applications. In an ICA session, a
MetaFrame server transmits an application’s screen display to the client, and the
ICA Client sends the user’s keystrokes, mouse actions, and local data to the
application running on the server.
The default port on MetaFrame servers for ICA sessions is 1494. This port must be
open on firewalls for inbound communication if ICA Clients are outside the
firewall. The port used on the client for the ICA session is configured dynamically
when the session is established.
In addition to MetaFrame servers, other components, such as Citrix NFuse, Web
servers, proxy servers, and Web browsers can be involved in establishing ICA
sessions. In all cases, the basic communications link for an ICA session is between
the ICA Client and MetaFrame server.

Configuring ICA Browsing

Users connect to servers and applications from application sets or custom ICA
connections in the ICA Client. As described above, ICA browsing is a process that
locates MetaFrame servers and published applications in response to requests from
an ICA Client.
• When a user launches an application from an application set, ICA browsing
locates a server that hosts the published application so the ICA Client can
connect to the server and run the application.
• When a user sets up a custom connection, ICA browsing produces a list of
published applications or servers in the server farm. The user selects an
application or server to define the custom connection.

Important MetaFrame XP does not support multiple farms on the same subnet
configured to respond to Master Browser requests.

Server Location Settings

The method that ICA Clients use for ICA browsing depends on the specified server
location settings. Users running Program Neighborhood can configure server
location settings using the Program Neighborhood user interface.
• For new application sets and custom connections, you configure server location
settings from the Server Location button in the Find New Application Set
wizard and Add New ICA Connection wizard in the ICA Client.
76 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

• For existing application sets and custom ICA connections, you can change
Server Location settings on the Connection tabs in the Settings dialog boxes.

Note Some ICA Clients do not use ICA browsing and connect only to specified
servers. The options described in this section are for the ICA Win32 Client. For
information about other server location options, see the Citrix ICA Client
Administrator’s Guides for the clients you plan to deploy.

Specifying the Network Protocol for ICA Browsing

The Network Protocol setting you specify for server location in the ICA Client
affects the following deployment issues related to ICA browsing:
• The communications protocol the client uses to locate servers
• The Citrix component the client communicates with
• The port the client communicates with
• The default locations the client contacts

Using TCP/IP+HTTP Network Protocol for ICA Browsing

Citrix recommends you select TCP/IP+HTTP as the server location network
protocol in the ICA Client. In addition, Citrix recommends that you specify servers
to contact for ICA browsing by entering IP addresses or DNS names of
MetaFrame XP servers in the Address List box.
When TCP/IP+HTTP is selected and you specify MetaFrame XP servers in the
Address List box, the ICA Client communicates with the Citrix XML Service on a
specified server for ICA browsing.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 77

By default, if no server is specified, the client attempts to resolve the name “ica” to
an IP address. This is indicated by the virtual server location “ica” in the Address
List box. This feature allows the DNS or WINS administrator to configure a host
record that maps “ica” to a valid MetaFrame XP server IP address that can service
XML requests from ICA Clients.

Tip You can configure the ICA Clients’ DNS server to use round-robin DNS to
map the name “ica” to a set of MetaFrame XP servers that can service the XML
requests. This is a convenient method to use to avoid individual configuration of
server location addresses on ICA Clients.

To locate the Citrix XML Service, the ICA Client makes an HTTP connection to
port 80 on the MetaFrame server. If the user is launching a published application,
for example, the XML Service then sends to the client the address of a MetaFrame
server that has the application published.
When you configure the ICA Client to use TCP/IP+HTTP, communication between
the client and XML Service consists of XML-formatted data in HTTP packets.
Citrix recommends using TCP/IP+HTTP protocol for ICA browsing because it
provides several advantages for most server farms:
• TCP/IP+HTTP uses XML data encapsulated in HTTP packets, which the client
sends to port 80 by default. Most firewalls are configured so port 80 is open for
HTTP communication.
• TCP/IP+HTTP does not use UDP (User Datagram Protocol) or broadcasts to
locate servers in the server farm.
• Routers pass TCP/IP packets between subnets, which allows ICA Clients to
locate servers that are not on the same subnet.

Using TCP/IP Network Protocol for ICA Browsing

If TCP/IP is specified as the server location network protocol and (Auto-Locate)
appears in the Address List box, ICA Clients send UDP broadcasts to the ICA
Browser service on port 1604 to locate MetaFrame servers and published
applications.
By default, MetaFrame XP server farms operating in native mode do not respond to
ICA Clients that use UDP broadcasts for ICA browsing. Therefore, if clients are
configured to use TCP/IP and to auto-locate servers, they will fail to locate
MetaFrame XP servers or published applications in the server farm.
78 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

You can use two configurations for MetaFrame XP servers to respond to ICA Client
broadcasts for ICA browsing:
• You can set the MetaFrame XP server farm to operate in mixed mode for
interoperability with a MetaFrame 1.8 server farm as you migrate the farm to
MetaFrame XP.
• You can set the MetaFrame XP server farm, or individual MetaFrame XP
servers, to respond to ICA Client broadcasts for compatibility with deployed
clients.
When a MetaFrame XP server farm operates in mixed mode, by default only
MetaFrame XP servers that are master ICA Browsers respond to UDP broadcasts
from ICA Clients. For more information about mixed mode operation, see “ICA
Browsers and MetaFrame 1.8 Interoperability” on page 86. For information about
data collectors, see “Configuring Zones and Data Collectors” on page 179. For
information about configuring server response to broadcasts, see “Setting up
Response to ICA Client Broadcasts” on page 174.
Because UDP broadcast packets do not traverse subnets, using broadcasts for ICA
browsing works only if a server that responds to broadcasts is in the same subnet as
the clients. After the ICA Client locates a server, it communicates using directed
(not broadcast) UDP to port 1604.
Because of broadcast limitations, you might prefer to enter one or more IP
addresses or DNS names of MetaFrame XP servers in the Address List box. You
must do this if the ICA Client is not on the same subnet as a data collector.
In summary, using the TCP/IP setting and auto-location for ICA browsing is less
efficient than using TCP/IP+HTTP because it relies on UDP and UDP broadcasts.

Effects of Server Location Settings on ICA Browsing

The following table summarizes ICA browsing methods that result from various
Network Protocol and Address List settings.

Network protocol Address list Data type Responder Farm configuration

TCP/IP+HTTP Default (“ica”) XML / HTTP XML Service Native mode or mixed mode.
TCP/IP+HTTP Specified server(s) XML / HTTP XML Service Native mode or mixed mode. In mixed
mode, specify MetaFrame XP servers.
TCP/IP Default UDP broadcast ICA Browser on Mixed mode. Native mode if servers
(Auto-Locate) data collectors are set to respond to broadcasts.
Servers must be on clients’ subnet.
TCP/IP Specified server(s) Directed UDP ICA Browser Native or mixed mode.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 79

Communicating with the Citrix XML Service

Citrix XML Service is a MetaFrame XP server component. The service is installed
by default on all MetaFrame XP servers. It is also installed with Feature Release 1
for MetaFrame 1.8.
When ICA Clients are configured to use TCP/IP+HTTP for ICA browsing, the
XML Service communicates published application information to clients using
HTTP protocol and XML data. The XML service also communicates published
application information to NFuse Classic servers.
For example, when a user launches a published application in Program
Neighborhood, the ICA Client sends a request for the application. The XML
Service responds with the address of a MetaFrame server on which the application
is published.
With Citrix NFuse, for example, a user connects to an application portal Web page
with a Web browser. The XML Service provides a list of available applications to
the NFuse-enabled Web server. The Web server displays the available applications
on the user’s personalized application Web page.

Setting the Port for Citrix XML Service

The Citrix XML Service uses an IP port on the MetaFrame server for
communication with ICA Clients and NFuse. You can set the port number during or
after MetaFrame XP setup.

Important All MetaFrame servers in the server farm must use the same port for the
XML service.

The XML Service default communication port is 80. Port 80 is open on most
firewalls to allow inbound communication to Web servers. If your MetaFrame and
Web servers are behind a firewall, this port is probably open, allowing ICA Clients
to communicate with MetaFrame XP servers and allowing Web browsers to
communicate with NFuse-enabled Web servers.
If you intend to send NFuse data over a secure HTTP connection using SSL, be sure
that the Citrix XML Service is set to share its port with IIS and that IIS is
configured to support HTTPS.
80 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Note Port 80 is the default port for HTTP communication with Web servers. The
Citrix XML Service includes an Internet Server Application Programming Interface
(ISAPI) extension that you can plug into Internet Information Services (IIS). The
extension allows IIS and the XML Service to share port 80. This is necessary only if
IIS is installed with NFuse on MetaFrame servers. The default MetaFrame XP
installation does install NFuse if IIS is installed on the server. However, for best
performance, Citrix recommends that IIS and NFuse be installed on separate
dedicated Web servers.

For information about configuring the XML Service port number, see “Configuring
the Citrix XML Service Port” on page 117. For information about configuring the
port that NFuse uses, see the NFuse Administrator’s Guide.

Important If you change the port used by the Citrix XML Service, you must set
the correct port in the ICA Client. You can specify a port number when you add a
server to the Address List under Server Location in the ICA Client. If you also use
NFuse, be sure it uses the correct port for XML Service communication. For more
information, refer to the NFuse documentation. See the Citrix ICA Client
Administrator’s Guide or the client’s online help for instructions on configuring
ICA Clients.

Using DNS Address Resolution

ICA Client browsing requests normally generate an IP address for connecting to
MetaFrame servers. You can configure MetaFrame XP servers to respond with the
fully qualified domain name (FQDN). This feature, called Domain Name System
(DNS) address resolution, is available to clients using the Citrix XML Service.
MetaFrame XP servers reply with an IP address as the default. You can change the
default setting, which applies to the entire server farm, in Citrix Management
Console. In most situations, use of IP addresses works well and with less overhead.
Depending on the situation and network configuration, it could be useful to set up
servers to respond to client browsing requests with FQDNs.
For ease of administration, ICA Clients have a client file that is already configured
to request FQDNs if DNS addressing is enabled in the server farm. ICA Clients
connecting through NFuse request IP or DNS addresses based on a line in a Web
server configuration file. This file is set up for IP addresses initially. Regardless of
what ICA Clients are set up to request, unless DNS addressing is enabled for the
server farm, IP addresses are returned.
DNS address resolution works only in a native mode MetaFrame XP server farm
and you must be using ICA Client 6.20.985 or later.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 81

Important If DNS addressing is enabled, clients cannot connect reliably unless

they can resolve the fully qualified domain name of all servers in the server farm.
Ping a server with its DNS host name to verify this. Unless your DNS environment
is configured specifically to use this feature, Citrix recommends that you do not
enable DNS address resolution in the server farm.

To enable or disable DNS address resolution in a server farm

1. Open Citrix Management Console.
2. Right-click the farm node at the top of the tree and choose Properties.
3. Select the MetaFrame Settings tab.
4. Select or clear Enable DNS address resolution.
5. Click OK.

Configuring Network Firewalls

Protecting servers that contain valuable data and are critical to your organization’s
mission requires that you consider security as an integral part of your
MetaFrame XP deployment planning.
In addition to physically securing servers, most organizations will install network
security measures including firewalls to isolate MetaFrame servers and Web
browsers from the Internet and from publicly accessible networks.
To deploy MetaFrame XP servers behind network firewalls, configure access for
ICA Client users by allowing packets to pass to specific communication ports that
ICA Clients and other Citrix components use.
As described above, Citrix recommends that ICA Clients use TCP/IP+HTTP for
ICA browsing. To use this protocol with clients outside a firewall, configure the
firewall to pass inbound HTTP packets on port 80, the default port for the Citrix
XML Service on MetaFrame XP servers. This port is usually open on firewalls for
inbound HTTP packets to Web servers.
In ICA sessions, ICA Clients communicate with port 1494 on MetaFrame servers.
If the clients are outside the firewall, this port must be open for inbound
communication to MetaFrame servers.

Server Farm Configurations

The diagrams below illustrate network configurations for Citrix server farms. The
diagrams identify port numbers, components, and the recommended protocol for
ICA browsing. See “Configuring ICA Browsing” on page 75 for more information.
82 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

In both diagrams, communication paths are bidirectional; arrows indicate the

direction in which communication is initiated.
The first diagram shows the basic configuration for communication between ICA
Client and MetaFrame XP server when a user launches a published application.

Basic client-to-
server
communication
With a firewall
between ICA
Clients and
MetaFrame XP
servers, port 80 is
open for inbound
HTTP to the XML
service, and port
1494 is open for
inbound ICA
packets

The process of running the application begins with ICA browsing (server location).
TCP/IP+HTTP protocol and server addresses are specified for server location in the
ICA Client.
1. The client sends a request to the Citrix XML Service on port 80 on a specified
server using HTTP.
2. The Citrix XML Service sends the address of a server that has the requested
application.
3. The ICA Client establishes an ICA session with the MetaFrame XP server
specified by the XML Service. ICA packets travel from the client to port 1494
on the server. ICA packets travel from the server to a dynamically assigned port
number on the client.
Organizations often place their Web servers in a demilitarized zone (DMZ) between
firewalls. In this configuration, shown below, NFuse-enabled Web servers are
between firewalls to isolate them from the MetaFrame server farm and ICA Clients.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 83

Communication with NFuse

Classic servers
In a network configuration
with Web servers in a
demilitarized zone between
firewalls, users’ Web
browsers send application
requests to NFuse-enabled
Web servers.
Web servers send secure
(HTTPS) requests to the SSL
Relay and XML Service in the
server farm.
ICA Clients establish ICA
sessions with MetaFrame XP
servers on port 1494. The port
used on the clients is
configured dynamically.

As with the basic configuration, Citrix recommends ICA Clients use TCP/
IP+HTTP protocol to communicate through a firewall. When the user launches an
application from a Web page, the ICA Client establishes an ICA session through the
firewall to port 1494 on the MetaFrame server.
84 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Client-to-server
communication
with SSL
For SSL
communication,
port 443 is open
for inbound
communication to
the Citrix SSL
Relay. The client
communicates
with the SSL
Relay for server
location and ICA
session
communication.

The diagram above illustrates communication between the ICA Client and
MetaFrame XP server when SSL encryption is used.
The process of running the application begins with ICA browsing (server location).
In this scenario, SSL+HTTPS protocol and server IP addresses are specified for
server location in the ICA Client.
1. The client sends an encrypted request to the Citrix SSL Relay on port 443 on a
specified server using HTTPS.
2. The SSL Relay decrypts the request and sends it to the Citrix XML Service on
port 80.
3. The Citrix XML Service sends the address of a server that has the requested
application to the SSL Relay.
4. The SSL Relay encrypts and sends the address of the server to the ICA Client.
5. The ICA Client establishes an SSL-encrypted ICA session with the
MetaFrame XP server specified by the Citrix XML Service. ICA packets travel
from the client to port 443 on the server and are then decrypted and passed to
port 1494. SSL-encrypted ICA packets travel from the server to the client.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 85

Configuring TCP Ports in Citrix Server Farms

The table below lists the TCP/IP ports that MetaFrame XP servers, ICA Clients,
IMA, and other Citrix services use in a server farm. This information can help you
configure firewalls and troubleshoot port conflicts with other software. The table
includes configuration information when you can change default settings.

Communication Default port Configuration

ICA sessions 1494 See “ICAPORT” on page 334 for instructions about
(ICA Clients to changing the port number. This port must be open
MetaFrame servers) on firewalls for inbound packets from ICA Clients to
MetaFrame XP servers.
Citrix XML Service 80 This port must be open on firewalls for inbound
packets when ICA Clients use the TCP/IP+HTTP
network protocol for server location. See
“Configuring the Citrix XML Service Port” on page
117 for configuration instructions.
Citrix SSL Relay 443 See “Changing the SSL Relay Port” on page 187 for
configuration instructions.
MetaFrame XP server- 2512 See “MetaFrame XP Commands” on page 309 for
to-server information about the IMAPORT command.
MetaFrame XP server 139, 1433, or See the documentation for your database software.
to Microsoft SQL or 443 for MS-
Oracle server SQL
Citrix Management 2513 See “MetaFrame XP Commands” on page 309 for
Console-to- information about the IMAPORT command.
MetaFrame XP server
ICA Clients to ICA 1604 MetaFrame XP servers always respond to directed
Browser service (UDP) UDP requests. See “Setting up Response to ICA
Client Broadcasts” on page 174 for enabling
MetaFrame XP servers to respond to broadcasts.
Server-to-Server 1604 Not configurable. This port is used only when the
(directed UDP) farm is operating in mixed mode with MetaFrame
1.8 servers.
86 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

ICA Browsers and MetaFrame 1.8 Interoperability

This section describes issues related to ICA browsing when MetaFrame XP
operates in mixed mode with a MetaFrame 1.8 server farm. For more information
about selecting mixed mode and issues related to interoperability, see
“Interoperability with MetaFrame 1.8” on page 93.
If you configure a MetaFrame XP server to use mixed mode, two separate farms—
one that contains only MetaFrame 1.8 servers and one that contains only
MetaFrame XP servers—act together so they appear to ICA Clients as one server
farm.
When MetaFrame XP is in mixed mode, the two farms appear unified because ICA
Browsers in each farm pool information and a MetaFrame XP server becomes the
master browser of both farms. The master browser holds information about the
published applications available on each server.

Note The ICA Browser is a system service on MetaFrame 1.8 servers. On

MetaFrame XP servers, the ICA Browser is a subsystem of the IMA Service that
can respond to ICA Client broadcasts. In this chapter, references to the ICA
Browser apply to both the MetaFrame 1.8 browser service and the MetaFrame XP
browser function.

In a MetaFrame 1.8 server farm, when a user launches a published application, the
ICA Client asks the master ICA Browser for the address of a server that can run the
application. The ICA Client also uses the master browser to find new application
sets and to list servers and published applications for custom connections.
In mixed mode, ICA Clients can communicate with the single master browser for
the interoperating server farms by connecting to MetaFrame servers in either farm.
A client can contact the master browser through the ICA Browser using TCP/IP
network protocol.
When you select mixed mode operation, you enable a MetaFrame XP farm to
respond to broadcasts from ICA Clients that use TCP/IP and auto-location of
servers. By default, only the master ICA Browser and RAS servers respond to
broadcasts in mixed mode; the per-server option to respond to broadcasts is
disabled.
For more information about ICA browsing methods that involve broadcasts, see
“Configuring ICA Browsing” on page 75.
When ICA Clients use TCP/IP+HTTP for server location, they do not send
broadcasts during ICA browsing and the Citrix XML Service, rather than the ICA
Browser, responds to the clients, as mentioned above.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 87

Citrix recommends you configure ICA Clients to use TCP/IP+HTTP and that you
specify one or more servers in the Address List. The servers you specify must have
the XML service to respond to ICA browsing. The Citrix XML Service is not
available on MetaFrame 1.8 servers without Feature Release 1.

Election of the Master ICA Browser

When a MetaFrame XP server farm operates in mixed mode, the ICA Browser runs
on every server. A MetaFrame XP server takes over as the master ICA Browser for
the MetaFrame 1.8 server farm and the MetaFrame XP server farm and stores
information about both server farms.
The master ICA Browser is chosen by a master browser election. The ICA Browser
system elects a master browser when:
• The master browser does not respond to another ICA Browser
• The master browser does not respond to an ICA Client
• A Citrix server is started
• Two master browsers are detected on the same network subnet
A set of election criteria is used to choose a master browser. An ICA Browser starts
a browser election by broadcasting its election criteria. If another browser has a
higher election criteria, it broadcasts its own election criteria. Otherwise, the last
ICA Browser to respond to the election becomes the master browser.
The following criteria, in order, determine the master browser:
• Latest ICA Browser version
• Master browser designation by Citrix Server Administration or registry key
• Domain controller
• Longest ICA Browser up time
• Citrix server name in alphabetical order
For example, a Citrix server that has a later version of the ICA Browser Service
wins election as master browser over a server that has a longer up time for the ICA
Browser Service. Because the ICA Browser in MetaFrame XP is a later version
than the MetaFrame 1.8 ICA Browser, a MetaFrame XP server in most cases
becomes the master browser when server farms are in mixed mode.

Note If a MetaFrame XP server has “Do not attempt to become the master ICA
Browser” selected, it does not participate in master browser elections.
88 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

You can use the query server command to discover the Citrix server acting as the
master browser. The query server command displays all servers on each network
transport (TCP/IP, IPX, and NetBIOS). An M next to the network address of a
server indicates that it is the master browser for that network transport. A B
indicates a backup browser. A G indicates a gateway between subnets in the
MetaFrame 1.8 server farm.

Changing Server Drive Letters

MetaFrame’s client drive mapping gives ICA Client users access to their local
drives when they use applications on MetaFrame servers. When users start ICA
sessions, MetaFrame assigns drive letters to client drives.
• Client drives that use the same letters as the server’s drives are assigned
different drive letters, starting with V and going backwards through the
alphabet.
• If client drive letters do not conflict with the server’s drive letters, MetaFrame
uses the original letters for client drives.
• Server floppy disk drives are not available to client users, so MetaFrame uses
the drive letters for floppy disk drives specified on the client devices. Non-
Windows ICA Clients that support floppy drive mapping can be manually
configured with specific drive letter mappings for each drive.
Default drive mappings for sessions are shown in the following table. Client drives
C and D are renamed V and U, because the server drives use the letters C and D.

Logical drive letter Drive letter in ICA sessions

Client drives A (floppy drive) A
B (floppy drive) B
C V
D U
Server drives C C
D D
E E
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 89

To make drive access more familiar for client users, you can change the server
drives to use letters that are not likely to be used by client devices. Doing so ensures
that client drives retain their original drive letters. The following table shows an
example of drive letters used if you change the drive letters of a MetaFrame server.

Logical drive letter Drive letter in ICA sessions

Client drives A (floppy drive) A
B (floppy drive) B
C C
D D
Server drives C M
D N
E O

CAUTION If you intend to change a server’s drive letters, do it when you install
MetaFrame XP. If you change server drive letters after MetaFrame XP installation,
you must do it before installing any applications.

If you change the server’s drive letters, MetaFrame XP searches the following
registry keys and changes all drive references to reflect the new drive letters:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\*
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\*
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Equinox\eqn\CurrentVersion
\NetRules
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\*
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*
HKEY_USERS\*
MetaFrame XP also updates the pagefile entry and the following shortcut files:
%SystemRoot%\Profiles\Default User\*.lnk
%SystemRoot%\Profiles\Administrator\*.lnk
%SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\*.lnk
The first time a user logs on to the MetaFrame server after you change the drive
letters, references to the old drive letters in the user’s profile are updated.
90 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Using Smart Cards with MetaFrame XP

Feature Release 2 of MetaFrame XP includes support for smart cards. Smart cards
are small plastic cards with embedded computer chips. Smart cards can contain
memory only, memory with security logic, or memory with CPU capabilities,
depending on the intended application.
In a business computer network setting, smart cards are an effective implementation
of public-key technology and can be used to:
• Authenticate users to networks and computers
• Secure channel communications over a network
• Use digital signatures for securing content
If you are using smart cards for secure network authentication, your users can
authenticate to applications and content published on MetaFrame servers. In
addition, smart card functionality within these published applications is also
supported.
For example, a published Microsoft Outlook application can be configured to
require that users insert a smart card into a smart card reader attached to the client
device to log on to the MetaFrame server. Once users are authenticated to the
application, they can digitally sign email using certificates stored on their smart
cards.
Citrix has tested smart cards that meet Standard 7816 of the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) for cards with electrical contacts (known as
a contact card) that interface with a computer system through a device called a
smart card reader. The reader may be connected to the host computer by the serial,
USB, or PCMCIA port.
Citrix supports the use of PC/SC-based cryptographic smart cards. These cards
include support for cryptographic operations such as digital signatures and
encryption. Cryptographic cards are designed to allow secure storage of private
keys such as those used in Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) security systems. These
cards perform the actual cryptographic functions on the smart card itself, meaning
the private key and digital certificates never leave the card.
In addition, two-factor authentication can be used for increased security. Instead of
merely presenting the smart card (one factor) to conduct a transaction, a user-
defined PIN (a second factor), known only to the user, is used to prove that the
cardholder is the rightful owner of the smart card.

Note Feature Release 2 of MetaFrame XP does not support RSA Security Inc.’s
PKCS (Public-Key Cryptography Standard) #11 functional specification for
personal cryptographic tokens.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 91

You can also use smart cards with Citrix NFuse Classic. For details about
configuring your NFuse Classic server for smart card support, see the NFuse
Classic Administrator’s Guide, located in the Docs directory on the MetaFrame XP
CD.

Software Requirements
The following section presents the basic guidelines for using smart cards with
MetaFrame XP. Consult your smart card vendor or integrator to determine detailed
configuration requirements for your specific smart card implementation.
The following components are required on the MetaFrame XP server:
• PC/SC software
• Cryptographic Service Provider (CSP) software
These components are required on the device running the supported ICA Client:
• PC/SC software
• Smart card reader software drivers
• Smart card reader
Your Windows server and client operating systems may come with PC/SC, CSP, or
smart card reader drivers already present. Please see your smart card vendor for
information about whether these software components are supported or must be
replaced with vendor-specific software.
If you are using Pass-Through Authentication to pass credentials from your
Windows 2000 or Windows XP client computer to the smart card server session,
CSP software must be present on the client computer.
You do not need to attach the smart card reader device to your server during CSP
software installation if you can install the smart card reader driver portion
separately from the CSP portion.

Configuring the Server

A complete and secure smart card solution may be relatively complicated and Citrix
recommends that you consult your smart card vendor or integrator for details.
Configuration of smart card implementations and configuration of third-party
security systems such as certificate authorities are beyond the scope of this
documentation.
Smart cards are supported for authenticating users to published applications, or for
use within published applications that offer smart card functionality. Only the
former is enabled by default upon installation of Feature Release 2 of MetaFrame
XP.
92 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

To enable support for smart card usage within an application, run the Scconfig.exe
command line utility on each MetaFrame XP server that hosts the application. This
utility is used to specify the applications (for example, Outlook.exe) that you want
to configure to have smart card transactions redirected from the server on which
they execute to the client device that hosts the smart card reader. This utility may be
executed remotely by specifying a target server according to the syntax below.
SCCONFIG /?
SCCONFIG ([/SERVER:servername] | [/FARM]) ([/QUERY] | [/
Q])
SCCONFIG ([/SERVER:servername] | [/FARM]) [/LOGON:on|off]
[/ENABLE_PROCESS: processname] [/
DISABLE_PROCESS:processname]
SCCONFIG [/SERVER:servername] [/INHERIT:on|off]
The parameters used in this utility are explained below.
• The /? option returns on-screen help for this utility.
• The /SERVER:servername option specifies the target server to configure.
• The /FARM option is used to set a farm-wide setting, but will not configure any
servers. When the farm-wide setting is set, servers are configured according to
the state of the /INHERIT option. When MetaFrame is installed on the server,
“on” is the default state for /INHERIT.
• If neither /SERVER or /FARM option is specified, the local server is assumed.
• The /QUERY or /Q option can be used with the /SERVER or /FARM option to
display currently configured settings.
• The /LOGON option is used to turn on or off support for smart card
authentication during MetaFrame server logon. Upon MetaFrame server
installation, “on” is the default state for /LOGON.
• The /ENABLE_PROCESS and /DISABLE_PROCESS options are used to
enable or disable support for applications that can take advantage of smart card
functionality when run as published applications. For example, to enable
support for Microsoft Outlook, the processname would be OUTLOOK.EXE.

Setting Windows 2000 Policies for Smart Cards

Windows 2000 supports two security policy settings for interactive logon to a
server session. ICA Client sessions can utilize the following policies:
• Require smart card for interactive session logon. This policy is a user policy
that requires the user to insert a smart card for authentication.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 93

• Smart-card removal policy. This policy is a computer policy that has three
possible settings to determine the client device behavior when the user removes
the smart card from the smart card reader:
• None (no effect)
• Lock Workstation (disconnects all MetaFrame user sessions)
• Log-off Session (logs off all MetaFrame user sessions)

Configuring the Client

The following Citrix ICA Clients support smart cards:
• ICA Client for Windows 32
• ICA Client for Linux
• ICA Client for Windows-based terminals
To configure smart card support for users of these clients, please see the
Administrator’s Guide for the ICA Client or Clients in your environment.

Interoperability with MetaFrame 1.8

A single MetaFrame XP server farm can interoperate with a single MetaFrame 1.8
server farm when the MetaFrame XP farm is set to mixed mode. This mode
provides limited pooling of connection license counts between MetaFrame 1.8 and
MetaFrame XP servers, and allows applications to be published across MetaFrame
1.8 and MetaFrame XP servers.

Important For interoperability in mixed mode, Citrix recommends that you install
the latest service pack on MetaFrame 1.8 servers. You can download service packs
from Citrix at http://www.citrix.com/support/.
New features in feature releases for MetaFrame XP are not available when a server
farm operates in mixed mode for interoperability with MetaFrame 1.8

Configuring MetaFrame XP for Mixed Mode Operation

You can configure a MetaFrame XP server farm to operate in mixed mode when
you install the first MetaFrame XP server in the farm. For information about
configuring mixed mode during MetaFrame XP installation, see “Migrating Citrix
Servers to MetaFrame XP” on page 121.
94 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

After you install MetaFrame XP, you can configure the farm to operate in mixed
mode using Citrix Management Console. For more information, refer to the
console’s online help.
When you switch a MetaFrame XP server farm from mixed mode to native mode,
(the mode in which only IMA-based servers participate in the server farm), the
MetaFrame 1.8 and MetaFrame XP server farms become completely separate.

Important Make sure users cannot log on to the server farm if you need to change
the interoperability mode.

Mixed mode is designed to facilitate migration to MetaFrame XP; it is not designed

to be a permanent solution. After all MetaFrame 1.8 servers in the MetaFrame 1.8
farm are migrated to MetaFrame XP, be sure to set the MetaFrame XP server farm
to operate in native mode using Citrix Management Console.
The following issues and limitations affect operation in mixed mode:

ICA Browser election. In mixed mode, a MetaFrame XP server becomes the master
ICA Browser on the subnet. On each MetaFrame XP server in the farm, the ICA
Browser and Program Neighborhood-related services shut down and restart. During
this process, ICA Clients might be unable to refresh applications in Program
Neighborhood or browse for published applications, although current ICA
connections are not affected. Therefore, it is best to switch to mixed mode when the
fewest users need to connect to published applications.

ICA license gateways. In mixed mode, license gateways in the MetaFrame 1.8
server farm do not function for license pooling. You must set up license pooling
across subnets using Citrix Management Console. For more information, see
“Pooling License Counts in Mixed Mode,” below.

Program Neighborhood service. If you change the server farm from mixed mode to
native mode before you migrate the entire MetaFrame 1.8 server farm to
MetaFrame XP, you must stop and restart the Program Neighborhood service on all
MetaFrame 1.8 servers that do not have MetaFrame 1.8 Service Pack 1 installed. If
you do not restart the Program Neighborhood service, ICA Clients could have
problems using published applications in the MetaFrame 1.8 server farm.

Farm names. The name you give to the MetaFrame XP server farm must be the
same as the name of the MetaFrame 1.8 server farm. You enter the server farm
name when you create the data store during MetaFrame XP installation on the first
server in the farm.

Subnet issues. Do not use mixed mode if the server farm has no MetaFrame 1.8
servers operating in the same subnet as at least one MetaFrame XP server.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 95

Active Directory and user logons. MetaFrame 1.8 servers do not support Active
Directory. ICA Client users cannot enter user credentials in user principal name
(UPN) format (user@domain) when a server farm operates in mixed mode.
Entering UPN names can result in failure to display application sets and connect to
published applications when clients connect to MetaFrame 1.8 servers.

Pooling License Counts in Mixed Mode

Pooling MetaFrame 1.8 connection license counts across subnets is not supported
when you use mixed mode. When operating in native mode, MetaFrame XP
combines connection license counts into a common pool for the entire server farm.
When operating in mixed mode, there is one pool of connection license counts for
each IP subnet. Within each subnet, the pooled MetaFrame XP license counts and
any pooled MetaFrame 1.8 license counts are combined and available to both
MetaFrame 1.8 and MetaFrame XP servers. You can configure the percentage of
connection license counts to allocate to each subnet on the Interoperability tab in
the farm Properties dialog box in Citrix Management Console after mixed mode is
enabled.
If you use license gateways to pool licenses between subnets, the gateways do not
function when the server farm is interoperating with a new MetaFrame XP server
farm in mixed mode.
Here is an example of how license gateways are affected by mixed mode:
There are two subnets, with four MetaFrame 1.8 servers on Subnet A and two
MetaFrame 1.8 servers on Subnet B. Each server contributes 15 pooled licenses
through a license gateway. If you run the Qlicense command on a MetaFrame 1.8
server, it displays 90 pooled licenses.
If you install a MetaFrame XP server on each subnet and add a 10-count connection
license, each MetaFrame XP server becomes the master ICA Browser on the
respective subnets; the license gateway stops functioning. The MetaFrame XP
servers allocate the MetaFrame XP connection license counts to each subnet
spanned by the MetaFrame XP farm but the MetaFrame 1.8 licenses are no longer
pooled. By default, the MetaFrame XP connection licenses are allocated to each
subnet evenly.
The connection license allocation percentages can be modified as described above.
Using the default license allocation (which in this example is 50% for Subnet A and
50% for Subnet B), when you run Qlicense on the MetaFrame 1.8 servers on
Subnet A, it reports 65 pooled licenses (4 MetaFrame 1.8 Servers * 15 licenses each
+ (50% * 10 MetaFrame XP license counts).
96 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

When you run Qlicense on the MetaFrame 1.8 servers on Subnet B, it reports 35
pooled licenses (2 MetaFrame 1.8 servers * 15 licenses) + (50% * 10
MetaFrame XP license counts). The result is that the servers on Subnet A allow 65
concurrent connections while the servers on Subnet B allow 35 concurrent
connections.

Pooling MetaFrame for UNIX Licenses

If your organization uses MetaFrame 1.8 for Windows and MetaFrame 1.0 or 1.1
for UNIX Operating Systems, you can pool connection licenses among the
MetaFrame for Windows and MetaFrame for UNIX servers that are in the same
subnet.
If you use IMA mixed mode to migrate the MetaFrame 1.8 for Windows servers to
MetaFrame XP, connection license pooling continues between the MetaFrame 1.8
server farm and the MetaFrame for UNIX servers while the new MetaFrame XP
server farm is in mixed mode for interoperability with MetaFrame 1.8.
When you complete the migration of MetaFrame 1.8 servers to MetaFrame XP and
switch the new farm from mixed mode to native mode, the change causes license
pooling with the MetaFrame for UNIX servers to stop. All licenses that were
pooled in the MetaFrame 1.8 server farm move to the license pool of the new
MetaFrame XP server farm.
Some organizations split licenses into two groups if their MetaFrame 1.8 for
Windows and MetaFrame for UNIX servers are on different subnets. In this case,
moving MetaFrame 1.8 servers to MetaFrame XP does not affect licensing because
license pooling is not used with the MetaFrame for UNIX servers.
If you pooled license counts with MetaFrame for UNIX before migrating your
MetaFrame 1.8 for Windows servers to MetaFrame XP, Citrix recommends that
you configure your MetaFrame for UNIX servers in a separate subnet with
sufficient connection license counts for the clients who connect to the servers. If you
want to continue to pool license counts with MetaFrame for UNIX after migrating
MetaFrame 1.8 servers to MetaFrame XP, contact your Citrix representative.

Using MetaFrame XP Tools in Mixed Mode

During MetaFrame XP installation, Setup installs all of the tools that are included
with MetaFrame 1.8. All of the utilities work with both MetaFrame 1.8 and
MetaFrame XP servers, with the exceptions described below.

Citrix Server Administration. This utility allows you to configure various options on
MetaFrame XP servers. However, the settings take effect only when the server farm
is operating in mixed mode.
 Chapter 3 Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment 97

Publishing applications. If you create or edit settings for published applications

using the version of Published Application Manager included with MetaFrame XP,
you cannot edit or delete the published applications using the version of Published
Application Manager from MetaFrame 1.8. Use the version of the utility included
with MetaFrame XP or installed with Service Pack 1 for MetaFrame 1.8.
MetaFrame XP does not support publishing videos using Citrix VideoFrame 1.0.
Videos can still be launched from an ICA session using a .Cvi file.

Shadowing. In native mode, the Shadow Taskbar displays MetaFrame XP servers

in a server farm. In mixed mode, the taskbar also displays MetaFrame 1.8 servers in
the MetaFrame 1.8 server farm that is interoperating with the MetaFrame XP farm.

Client printer configuration. Use Citrix Management Console for all printer
configuration and printer management for ICA Client users.
 CHAPTER 4

Installing MetaFrame XP

This chapter describes how to install and set up MetaFrame XP on Windows

servers. Be sure to read “Planning for MetaFrame XP Deployment” on page 43
before you begin to install MetaFrame XP.
If you are installing MetaFrame XP for the first time, installing MetaFrame from
the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM also installs Feature Release 1 and Feature Release 2.
If you already installed MetaFrame XP and are preparing to deploy Feature Release
2 or Service Pack 2, see “Deploying Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2” on page
125 for step-by-step instructions.

Creating the Data Store with SQL Server, Oracle, or DB2

To use Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, or IBM DB2 for a server farm’s data store,
use your database management software to create a database. Then, during
MetaFrame XP Setup, configure each server’s ODBC driver to connect to the
database. The following sections include the basic procedures for creating
databases using Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, or IBM DB2.
If you are setting up your farm to use Microsoft Access, you do not need to read this
section and can skip to “Using the MetaFrame XP Windows Installer Package” on
page 101. Using a Microsoft Access database involves creating a database locally
during the installation of MetaFrame XP on the first server in the farm.

To create a data store database with Microsoft SQL Server

Some dialog boxes might differ from the descriptions in this procedure, depending
upon the version of Windows and SQL Server you use.
1. Run SQL Enterprise Manager on your Microsoft SQL server (Start >
Programs > Microsoft SQL Server 7.0 > Enterprise Manager).
2. In the Enterprise Manager’s left pane, expand the tree until you reach the folder
level.
3. Right-click the Databases folder and choose New Database.
100 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

4. A dialog box appears. In the Name box, enter a name and click OK.
5. Expand the Security folder.
6. Right-click Logins and choose New Login.
7. A dialog box appears with the General tab displayed. In the Name box, enter a
name. Make note of the name because you will need to enter it during
MetaFrame XP installation.
8. In the Authentication section of the General tab, click SQL Server
authentication and enter a password. Remember the password; you must enter
it during MetaFrame XP installation.
9. In the Defaults area of the General tab, change the Database to the name you
specified in Step 4.
10. Click the Database Access tab. In the Database list, select the database name
specified in Step 4.
11. In the Database Roles list, select DB_Owner. Leave other selected roles
checked.
12. Click OK. You are prompted to confirm your password. Doing so completes
database creation.

To create a data store database with Oracle

1. If you do not already have Oracle installed, install it using the default database.
2. On the Oracle server, run SQL Plus. At the connection prompt, type internal.
3. Use the following commands as guidelines for creating a tablespace and user:
create tablespace MFXPIMA datafile
‘D:\ORADATA\MFXPIMA.DBF’ size 5000k autoextend on next
5000k maxsize unlimited;
alter tablespace MFXPIMA default storage (pctincrease 0
maxextents unlimited);
create user MFXP identified by MFXP01 default tablespace
MFXPIMA temporary tablespace TEMP;
grant connect, resource to MFXP;
The tablespace is named MFXPIMA and saved in
D:\ORADATA\MFXPIMA.DBF. The user is named MFXP and has the
password MFXP01. Temp is the default temporary tablespace for Oracle8i. If
you are using Oracle7, use TEMPORARY_DATA instead of TEMP.
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 101

To create a data store database with IBM DB2

1. If you do not already have an IBM DB2 database installed, install one using the
default database.
2. Create a tablespace for MetaFrame XP using the following DB2 SQL script:
CREATE REGULAR TABLESPACE CTXSDB PAGESIZE 4 K MANAGED
BY SYSTEM USING (‘C:\CTXSDB\XPFR1’) EXTENTSIZE 32
OVERHEAD 8.3 PREFETCHSIZE 32 TRANSFERRATE 0.18
BUFFERPOOL IBMDEFAULTBP
COMMENT ON TABLESPACE CTXSDB IS ‘’
3. Create a local user account called “XPFR1ADMIN” and then use the following
DB2 SQL script to grant this account use of the tablespace:
GRANT USE OF TABLESPACE CTXSDB TO USER XPFR1ADMIN WITH
GRANT OPTION
GRANT USE OF TABLESPACE CTXSDB TO PUBLIC WITH GRANT
OPTION
In the example above, the tablespace is named CTXSDB and saved in
C:\CTXSDB\XPFR1\sqltag.nam. The user is named XPFR1ADMIN.

Using the MetaFrame XP Windows Installer Package

MetaFrame XP Setup is compiled into a Windows Installer installation package.
Windows Installer is a component of the Windows 2000 operating system that
manages the installation and removal of applications. Windows Installer applies a
set of centrally defined setup rules during the installation process that define the
configuration of the application.
Windows Installer technology consists of the Windows Installer Service for the
Windows operating systems and the package (.msi) file format used to hold
information regarding the application setup. You use the Windows Installer Service
to modify, repair, or remove an existing application that was installed using
Windows Installer technology. Go to Add/Remove Programs in Control Panel to
remove or modify Windows Installer packages installed on the system.
You can deploy Windows Installer packages using Windows 2000 Active Directory
or Microsoft’s Systems Management Server. For more information about Windows
Installer technology and the Windows Installer Service, see the Windows 2000
online Help or the Microsoft Web site at http://www.microsoft.com.
102 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important Recommendations for Windows Installer

Windows Installer Version 1.1 is installed by default with Windows 2000. Citrix
recommends that you install Windows Installer Version 2.0 or later on the server
before you install MetaFrame XP. Unrecoverable errors have been encountered
when attempting to install MetaFrame XP on a server running Windows Installer
Version 1.1. These errors may require you to reinstall the server operating system.
You can download the latest version of Windows Installer from the Microsoft Web
site at http://www.microsoft.com. Version 2.0 of Windows Installer is included on
the MetaFrame XP CD in the directory \Support\MSI20.
MetaFrame XP Setup checks for the presence of Windows Installer 2.0 or higher on
the server and exits if it is not installed. To identify the version of Windows Installer
you are running, type msiexec.exe at a command prompt.
A Windows Installer transform file that you can use to override Setup’s check for
Windows Installer Version 2.0 is included on the MetaFrame XP CD. This
transform file, titled “ignoremsicheck.mst,” is located in the directory
Support\Install.
To run MetaFrame XP Setup and override the check for Windows Installer Version
2.0, type the following at a command prompt, where “<path>\mfxp001.msi” is the
path to the MetaFrame XP Windows Installer package and
“<path>\ignoremsicheck.mst” is the path to the Citrix-supplied Windows Installer
transform file. If you are applying multiple transforms to an installation package,
separate each entry in the list with a semicolon.
msiexec /i “<path>\mfxp001.msi”
TRANSFORMS=“<path>\ignoremsicheck.mst”

Important If you want to use the answer file method for running MetaFrame XP
Setup in unattended mode, you must install Windows Installer Version 2.0 or later.
UnattendedInstall.exe does not run on servers running a version of Windows
Installer lower than 2.0. For more information about running MetaFrame XP in
unattended mode, see “Unattended Setup of MetaFrame XP Servers” on page 104.

If you encounter problems when running a Windows Installer package, you can
check the Windows 2000 Event Viewer for a list of the problems. To open Event
Viewer, go to Start > Program Files > Administrative Tools > Event Viewer.
Check the Application Log for any entries in the Source column of the type
“MSIInstaller.”
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 103

Common Windows Installer Commands

You can use the Msiexec command to install, modify, and perform operations on
Windows Installer packages from the command line. The MetaFrame XP Windows
Installer package, named MFXP001.msi, is located on the MetaFrame XP CD-
ROM in the directory \MF.
Some common options for the Msiexec command are listed below. For further
information about the parameters and switches you can use with the listed options,
go to the Microsoft Web site and search on “msiexec.”

Option Syntax
Install or configure a product msiexec /i {package|ProductCode}
Uninstall a product msiexec /x {package|ProductCode}
Set a logging level msiexec /L [i][w][e][a][r][u][c][m][p][v][+][!]LogFile.txt
To include the v option in a log file using the wildcard flag,
type /L*v at the command prompt.
The Windows Installer log file options can also be used
with the uninstall process.
Install a transform msiexec /i packageTRANSFORMS=TransformList
If you are applying multiple transforms, separate each
transform file with a semicolon.
Set the user interface level msiexec /q {n|b|r|f}

Creating a Log File

Installation and uninstallation log files are not automatically created for Windows
Installer packages in Windows 2000. You can create log files with the following
methods:
• Use the logging command to create log files for only the Windows Installer
operation you are carrying out.
• Turn on automatic logging for all Windows Installer operations by creating a
new registry string value at.
Key: HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer
String (REG_SZ) Value: Logging
Contents: iwearucmopv
A log file is created in the \Temp directory for each operation.
104 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

• Use Active Directory’s Group Policy Editor to configure logging properties for
an Active Directory group.
To configure logging properties, open Group Policy Editor and select
Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows
Components > Windows Installer to edit the Logging policy.

Important If you enable Windows Installer logging in Windows Installer Version

1.1 (included by default with the Windows 2000 operating system), passwords are
saved in the log file in unencrypted plain text. Check the documentation included
with later versions of Windows Installer for support of encrypted passwords in log
files.

Unattended Setup of MetaFrame XP Servers

You can configure MetaFrame Setup to run without assistance with the following
methods:
• Applying transforms to the installation database. A Windows Installer transform
modifies the installation package file at installation time and applies the values
you set. Sample transform files are located on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM at
Support\Install.
• Creating an answer file to provide answers to the questions asked during Setup.
A sample answer file is located on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM at
Support\Install.

Important If you want to use the answer file method for running MetaFrame
XP Setup in unattended mode, you must install Windows Installer Version 2.0
or later. UnattendedInstall.exe does not run on servers running a version of
Windows Installer lower than 2.0.

The following sections describe creating and applying transforms and creating
answer files.

Applying Transforms
You can manipulate the installation process by applying Windows Installer
transforms (files with the .mst extension) to the installation database contained in a
Windows Installer package. A transform makes changes to elements of the
database. A transform file modifies the installation package when it is being
installed and dynamically affects the installation behavior.
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 105

When you create a transform to apply to the MetaFrame XP Windows Installer

package, you set your desired values for properties in the package. When you then
apply the transform to the installation package, the “questions” you would be asked
during Setup are answered. Creating a transform allows you to roll out MetaFrame
XP in unattended mode.
Transforms that you create to customize a Windows Installer setup package remain
cached on your system. These files are applied to the base Windows Installer
package whenever the Installer needs to modify it. You can apply transforms only
when you initially install Windows Installer packages; you cannot apply transforms
to software that is already installed.
Citrix provides four sample transforms on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM. You can
open these transforms and edit the properties in them with some of the
commercially available Windows Installer editing tools. The sample transforms
include sample values for select properties, allowing you to determine which
properties to edit to achieve a certain configuration.
For more information about each sample transform and the properties you can set
for each configuration, see “MetaFrame XP Setup Properties” on page 347.

To create a customized transform using one of the sample transform files

1. Using your preferred tool for editing Windows Installer packages, open the
sample transform you want to modify.
2. Enter new values for the properties you want to change.
3. Save the file with a new name.

Creating an Answer File

You can create an answer file to provide answers to the questions asked when you
run MetaFrame XP Setup. A sample answer file is located on the MetaFrame XP
CD-ROM at Support\Install. Instructions are provided in the file for setup options.
Copy the sample answer file to another location and modify it for your needs.

To perform an unattended installation

1. Insert the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM in the CD-ROM drive of the server, or
insert the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM in a CD-ROM drive accessible over the
network. If your CD-ROM drive supports Autorun, the MetaFrame XP CD-
ROM splash screen appears. Close the window.
2. Open the sample file XPFR2_UnattendedTemplate.txt, located in the directory
Support\Install, in any text editor. Save the file with another name.
3. Enter the values for the entries you want to set. The sample file includes
definitions and possible values for each entry.
106 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

4. Type the following at a command prompt where <Windows Installer package>

is the name of the Windows Installer package you want to run, and <answer
file> is the name of the text file you created in Step 2:
UnattendedInstall <Windows Installer package> <answer
file>

Starting MetaFrame XP Setup

The following procedures explain how to install MetaFrame XP using the
MetaFrame XP CD-ROM. For more information, including descriptions of Setup
options, see “Choosing Options During Setup” on page 107.

To begin MetaFrame XP Setup

1. Exit all applications.
2. Insert the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive. If your CD-ROM
drive supports Autorun, the MetaFrame XP splash screen appears.
3. Click Install or Update MetaFrame.
4. Click MetaFrame XP to install MetaFrame XP and Service Pack 2. Click
MetaFrame XP Feature Release 2 to install MetaFrame XP and Feature
Release 2.

Note Selecting the MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 2 option installs

Service Pack 2; you do not need to install Service Pack 2 separately. Features
included in Feature Release 2 require Feature Release 2 licensing.
If you are installing MetaFrame XP on a clean system, selecting the
MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 2 option installs Feature Release 1,
Service Pack 1, and Service Pack 2 in addition to MetaFrame XP and Feature
Release 2.

When MetaFrame XP Setup begins, a series of information pages and dialog boxes
ask you to select options and configure MetaFrame XP. Click Next to continue
after you complete each entry. If you want to return to a previous page to make
changes, click Back. If you click Cancel, Setup stops without finishing.

Using the Command Line

You can also use the Msiexec command to install MetaFrame XP. Set properties by
adding <Property=“value”> on the command line after other switches and
parameters. For definitions of the properties in the MetaFrame XP Windows
Installer package, see “MetaFrame XP Setup Properties” on page 347.
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 107

The following sample command line installs the MetaFrame XP Windows Installer
package and creates a log file to capture information about this operation. Add the
properties you want to set after the switches.
msiexec /i MFXP001.msi /l*v c:\output.log

Choosing Options During Setup

The following sections describe the various aspects of MetaFrame XP
configuration that you perform during MetaFrame XP Setup.

Selecting the MetaFrame XP Family Level

Select the family level you are licensed to run on the MetaFrame XP server. When
you purchase MetaFrame XP, you can select from three family levels:
• MetaFrame XPs is designed to give businesses outstanding performance from
applications running on a central server.
• MetaFrame XPa is designed with the small to medium business in mind. A
MetaFrame XPa license enables all of the features of MetaFrame XPs and also
includes load balancing functionality.
• MetaFrame XPe is designed for single-point control of servers, licenses, and
resources in large organizations and multinational corporations. A MetaFrame
XPe license enables all of the features of MetaFrame XPa and also provides
system monitoring and analysis, application packaging and delivery, and
integration with third-party SNMP management consoles.
If you have questions about which family level to choose, contact your MetaFrame
XP reseller or go to the Product Information area of the Citrix Web site at http://
www.citrix.com/products.
Based on which family level you are installing, Setup selects the components to
install.

Choosing the Product Type

Select the MetaFrame XP product type you are installing. When you select a
product type, the MetaFrame XP product code is automatically set. Be sure to
verify that the correct product code is displayed on the Setup screen. You can find
the product code on the MetaFrame XP media pack.
If you need to enter the product code manually, select Other on the Setup screen
and then enter the correct product code.
For more information about licenses and product codes, see “Licensing MetaFrame
XP” on page 135.
108 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Selecting Components
Based on which family level of MetaFrame XP you are installing (MetaFrame XPs,
MetaFrame XPa, or MetaFrame XPe), Setup selects the components to install.
The components to be installed are displayed on the Component Selection Setup
screen. Click Disk Cost to check the amount of disk space the selected components
require.

Configuring the Data Store

This section explains how to configure MetaFrame XP servers to connect to the
data store for a server farm. For background information about the data store, see
“Choosing a Database for the Data Store” on page 50. For background information
about server farm zones, see “Configuring Zones and Data Collectors” on page 179.

Using Access for the Data Store

To use a Microsoft Access database for a server farm data store, you create the
database when you install MetaFrame XP on the first server in the farm. Additional
servers connect to the first server using TCP port 2512. If you want to use another
port, use the IMAPORT command to change the port on the first server. For more
information about this command, see “MetaFrame XP Commands” on page 309.
You can specify the port number for the other servers during MetaFrame XP
installation.

To create a server farm using Access for the data store

1. On the Create or Join a Server Farm Setup screen, select Create a new farm
and click Next.
2. On the Create a Server Farm Setup screen, enter the following information:
• Enter a name for the new MetaFrame XP server farm. Farm names can
include spaces but cannot be more than 32 characters in length.
• Select Use a local database (Microsoft Access) on this server.
• The default zone name is the mask for the subnet in which the server resides.
If you want to change the server farm zone name, clear the option Use
Default Zone Name and enter the new name.
3. Click Next to continue.
4. Continue with MetaFrame XP Setup.
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 109

To add more servers to the server farm

1. On the Create or Join a Server Farm Setup screen, select Join an existing
farm and click Next.
2. Select Connect to a data store set up locally on another server.
3. Enter the name of the server farm zone.
4. Enter the name and TCP port of the server that contains the Access data store.
5. Continue with MetaFrame XP installation.

Using SQL, Oracle, or IBM DB2 for the Data Store

The following procedure describes options that appear during MetaFrame XP Setup
as part of the MetaFrame XP installation. The same procedures are used whether
the data store is a Microsoft SQL database, an Oracle database, or an IBM DB2
database.
Before starting MetaFrame XP Setup, you must create the data store database using
your database management software; see the procedures “To create a data store
database with Microsoft SQL Server” on page 99, “To create a data store database
with Oracle” on page 100, or “To create a data store database with IBM DB2” on
page 101.

To create a server farm with an SQL, Oracle, or DB2 data store

Follow this procedure only on the first server in the farm on which you install
MetaFrame XP. See the next procedure for configuring the remaining servers in the
farm.
1. On the Create or Join a Server Farm Setup screen, select Create a new farm
and click Next.
2. On the Create a Server Farm Setup screen, enter the following information:
• Enter a name for the new MetaFrame XP server farm. Farm names can
include spaces but cannot be more than 32 characters in length.
• Select Use the following database on a separate database server and
select the database from the list.
• The default zone name is the mask for the subnet in which the server resides.
If you want to change the server farm zone name, clear the option Use
Default Zone Name and enter the new name.
3. Click Next to continue.
4. Continue with MetaFrame XP Setup.
5. The next page displays a list of MetaFrame XP-supported ODBC drivers
installed on the server. Select the driver for your database and click Next.
110 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important If your driver does not appear in the list, cancel MetaFrame XP
Setup, install the driver, and then restart MetaFrame XP Setup.

6. Follow the procedure “To configure the ODBC driver for Microsoft SQL
Server” on page 110, “To configure the ODBC driver for Oracle” on page 113,
or “To configure the ODBC driver for IBM DB2” on page 113.
7. Follow the remaining instructions in Setup.
This completes data store configuration of the first server in the farm.

To add more servers to the server farm

1. On the Create or Join a Server Farm Setup screen, select Join an existing
farm and click Next.
2. Select the option to connect directly to the database you configured when you
created the farm and click Next.
3. Follow the instructions in the procedure “To create a server farm with an SQL,
Oracle, or DB2 data store” beginning with Step 3.

Configuring ODBC Drivers

This section provides step-by-step instructions for configuring ODBC drivers for
Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, and IBM DB2 databases. Some of the dialog boxes
shown are components of Microsoft’s ODBC manager and may differ from those
you see, depending upon the version of Windows and the ODBC driver you are
using.

To configure the ODBC driver for Microsoft SQL Server

1. When you select your SQL driver from the Installed ODBC Driver list in
MetaFrame XP Setup, the following dialog box appears:
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 111

Leave the Name field as is. Click the pull-down list next to the Server field and
select your SQL Server machine in the list. Click Next.
2. The following dialog box appears:

This dialog box lets you specify the method of authenticating the logon ID that
MetaFrame XP will present to the SQL Server when accessing the data store. To
authenticate successfully, the SQL Server and MetaFrame XP must use the
same authentication method. Make sure the database created for MetaFrame XP
by the database administrator is using SQL Server authentication.
Choose With SQL Server authentication. In the Login ID field, specify the
logon created by the database administrator. In the Password field, specify the
password for the Logon ID. Click Next.
If the ODBC manager is unable to authenticate to the database, you are
prompted to re-enter the Logon ID and password.
112 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

3. The following dialog box appears:

Click Change the default database to and select the name of the database you
created for MetaFrame XP if it is not already selected.

Note SQL Server logon IDs can be configured to log on to a database by

default. If in your SQL Server administrative program the logon ID is set to log
on to the data store database by default, you do not have to specify a default
database in this dialog box.

4. Click Next. The following dialog box appears:

Click Finish to accept these values. A dialog box lets you test the new data
source name. Click Test Data Source. If the test completes successfully, click
OK and then click OK again to complete data source name configuration.
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 113

5. Follow the steps in the procedure, “To create a server farm with an SQL, Oracle,
or DB2 data store” on page 109, beginning with Step 6.

To configure the ODBC driver for Oracle

1. If you select an Oracle driver from the Installed ODBC Driver list in
MetaFrame XP Setup, the following dialog box appears:

2. In the Service Name box, type the service name used when the Oracle client
was installed. In the User Name and Password boxes, type the user name and
password created on the Oracle server for the data store.
3. Click OK.
This completes the Oracle data store setup. You are now ready to install
MetaFrame XP. Follow the steps in the procedure “To create a server farm with an
SQL, Oracle, or DB2 data store” on page 109, beginning with Step 6.

To configure the ODBC driver for IBM DB2

1. If you select “IBM DB2 ODBC DRIVER” from the Installed ODBC Driver
list in MetaFrame XP Setup, the following dialog box appears:
114 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

2. Set the connection mode to Share.

3. Click Add to launch the IBM DB2 Client Configuration Assistant. This wizard
walks you through configuring the ODBC connection to the DB2 database.
4. Follow the instructions in the Client Configuration Assistant. On the Protocol
page, be sure TCP/IP is selected. Citrix recommends that you use this protocol
to connect to the data store.
5. Click Finish when you are done configuring the connection. The following
dialog box appears:

6. Click Test Connection to make sure that the connection to the database works.
7. Click Close.
8. Ensure that the connection mode is still set to Share.
9. Enter the User ID and Password.
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 115

10. Click OK.

This completes the DB2 data store setup. You are now ready to continue with
MetaFrame XP Setup. Follow the steps in the procedure “To create a server farm
with an SQL, Oracle, or DB2 data store” on page 109, beginning with Step 6.

Assigning Farm Administrator Credentials

Citrix administrators manage MetaFrame XP server farms. When you install the
first MetaFrame XP server in a new server farm, you specify an initial farm
administrator. This user account is automatically configured as a Citrix
administrator with full administration rights in Citrix Management Console.
To give other user accounts access to the console, a Citrix administrator with full
administration rights logs on to the console and creates other Citrix administrator
accounts.
You can create Citrix administrators accounts with the following permission levels:
• Full administration rights to all areas of MetaFrame XP server farm
management.
• View-only access to all areas of server farm management.
• Access to areas of farm management or specific tasks within those areas;
administrators can have a mixture of view-only access, write access, or no
access.
For more information about delegating administration rights to Citrix
administrators, see “Configuring Citrix Administrator Accounts” on page 162.

Note One Citrix administrator account with full administration rights must always
exist in the server farm. MetaFrame prevents you from deleting the last Citrix
administrator account with this level of permission. However, if the account no
longer exists in the network account authority, the console allows a local
administrator to log on to the console to set up Citrix administrator accounts.

Configuring Session Shadowing

You use MetaFrame’s session shadowing to monitor and interact with users’ ICA
sessions. When you shadow an ICA session, you can view everything that appears
on the session display. You can also use remote control features to control the
mouse and enter keystrokes from a remote location.
Shadowing can be a useful tool for user collaboration, training, troubleshooting,
and monitoring by supervisors, help desk personnel, and teachers.
116 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

During MetaFrame XP installation, you can limit or disable shadowing. You can
disable shadowing of ICA sessions on all servers in your server farm if legal
privacy requirements prohibit shadowing of users’ sessions. Alternatively, you may
want to disable shadowing on servers that host sensitive applications, such as
personnel or payroll applications, to protect confidential data. MetaFrame XP Setup
provides options on the Configure Shadowing Setup page for you to limit or
disable shadowing at installation time.

Important Shadowing restrictions are permanent. If you disable shadowing, or

enable shadowing but disable certain shadowing features when you run MetaFrame
Setup, the restrictions cannot be changed at a later time. If you place restrictions on
shadowing during Setup, any user policies you create to enable user-to-user
shadowing have no effect.
Do not disable shadowing as a substitute for instituting user- and group-specific
permissions for ICA connections. Disabling shadowing for ICA sessions does not
affect RDP sessions. Use Terminal Server Connection Configuration to disable
shadowing of RDP sessions or remove the RDP connections completely.

Prohibit shadowing of ICA sessions on this server. This option permanently disables
shadowing by anyone of all ICA sessions on the server. If you disable shadowing
during MetaFrame XP Setup, you cannot allow shadowing using other MetaFrame
configuration utilities or by creating user policies.

Allow shadowing of ICA sessions on this server. This option enables shadowing of
ICA sessions hosted by the server. When you enable shadowing, you have the
option to select the following restrictions:
• Prohibit remote control. By default, MetaFrame XP gives users with
permission to shadow the ability to input keystroke and mouse control during
session shadowing. Select this option if you want these users to be able to
shadow without input. In some cases, shadowing without input hides the user’s
presence.
• Force a shadow acceptance popup. By default, MetaFrame XP notifies users
with a prompt when other users are attempting to shadow their sessions. Select
this option to deny users the ability to shadow sessions without sending this
notification.
• Log all shadow connections. Events such as shadowing attempts, successes,
and failures can be logged in the Windows event log and examined using Event
Viewer. Select this option to enable logging.
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 117

Configuring Network ICA Connections

By default, MetaFrame XP Setup enables ICA connections over all network
protocols already installed on the server.
If you want to enable ICA connections over a network protocol that is not available
at the time of MetaFrame XP installation, you can do so after installation. After
Setup completes, install the protocol under Windows networking and then use the
Citrix Connection Configuration utility to enable ICA connections for the newly-
installed protocol.

Installing Citrix NFuse Classic

Citrix NFuse Classic is a Web-based application deployment system that provides
users with access to MetaFrame applications through a standard Web browser.
When you install MetaFrame XP, NFuse Classic is also installed if the server is
running Microsoft Internet Information Services Version 5.0 or higher.
NFuse Classic employs Java object technology executed on a Web server to
dynamically create an HTML-based depiction of the MetaFrame server farm for
each of your users. Included in each user’s presentation are all the applications
published in the MetaFrame server farm for that user.
For large-scale deployments, Citrix recommends that you run NFuse on dedicated
Web servers. For smaller deployments, you can run Web server software and NFuse
together on a MetaFrame XP server.
For more information about configuring Citrix NFuse Classic, see the Citrix NFuse
Classic Administrator’s Guide, located in the Docs directory of the MetaFrame XP
CD-ROM.

Configuring the Citrix XML Service Port

MetaFrame XP uses the Citrix XML Service to supply NFuse Classic servers and
ICA Clients with the names of applications published on MetaFrame XP servers.
By default, MetaFrame XP Setup configures the Citrix XML Service to share the
default TCP/IP communication port (port 80) with Microsoft Internet Information
Services.
If you intend to send NFuse data over a secure HTTP connection using SSL, be sure
that the Citrix XML Service is set to share its port with IIS and that IIS is
configured to support HTTPS.
118 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

If you do not want the Citrix XML Service to share the TCP port with IIS, you can
use a separate port for the Citrix XML Service. On the Configure Citrix XML
Service Port Setup page, select Use a separate port and enter the new port
number. If you plan to change the port used by the Citrix XML Service on
MetaFrame XP servers, make sure the port you plan to use is not used by any other
application.
For a list of ports in use, type netstat -a at a command prompt. Make a note of the
port number you specify. If you use a port other than the default port 80, you must
configure your NFuse Web server and any ICA Clients using TCP/IP + HTTP
server location to use the port you choose. See the NFuse Classic Administrator’s
Guide for instructions about configuring NFuse Classic to use a different port. See
the ICA Client Administrator’s Guides for instructions about configuring the ICA
Clients to use a different port.

Important All of the MetaFrame servers in the server farm must use the same TCP
port for the Citrix XML Service. This requirement includes all MetaFrame 1.8 and
MetaFrame XP servers when operating in mixed mode.

If you are migrating a Citrix server to MetaFrame XP, Setup does not display the
dialog box for you to specify the XML Service port. Instead, the port remains the
same as that used by the server before MetaFrame XP installation. You can change
the port after installation as described below.

To change the Citrix XML Service port after installation

Important Use this procedure only if you do not want to share the port used by
Internet Information Services. If you entered a port number other than the default
“Share with IIS” during MetaFrame XP Setup, you can change the port to another
port number using the Citrix Management Console. However, if you want to
change the setting to share the port with IIS after running MetaFrame XP Setup,
you must follow the instructions for manually setting the Citrix XML Service to
share the TCP port with IIS.

1. Use the Services icon in the Control Panel to stop the Citrix XML Service. On
Windows 2000 servers, this icon is in the Administrative Tools folder in the
Control Panel folder.
2. At a command prompt, type ctxxmlss /u to unload the Citrix XML Service
from memory.
3. Type ctxxmlss /rnn, where nn is the number of the port you want to use. For
example, ctxxmlss /r88 forces the Citrix XML Service to use TCP/IP port 88.
4. Restart the Citrix XML Service in the Control Panel.
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 119

To manually configure Citrix XML Service to share the TCP port with
Internet Information Service
1. Use the Services Control Panel to stop Citrix XML Service. On Windows 2000
servers, this icon is in the Administrative Tools folder in the Control Panel
folder.
2. At a command prompt, type ctxxmlss /u to unload the Citrix XML Service.
3. Copy Wpnbr.dll and Ctxxmlss.txt to the IIS scripts directory on your Web
server. These files are installed to %SystemRoot%\System32\ during
MetaFrame XP installation. The default scripts directory is
%RootDrive%\inetpub\scripts.
4. Use Internet Service Manager to give the files read and write access.
5. Stop and restart the Web server.

Setting the Server’s Default Web Page

By default, MetaFrame XP Setup sets the server’s default Web page to the NFuse
Classic logon page. Users can access the NFuse Classic logon page by pointing
their Web browsers to http://<server name>, where <server name> is the name of
the MetaFrame XP server on which NFuse Classic is installed.
If you do not want to set the MetaFrame XP server’s default Web page to the NFuse
Classic logon page, be sure this option is not selected.

Installing ICA Client Software

At the end of MetaFrame XP installation, the ICA Client Distribution wizard
installs ICA Clients and ICA Client-related utilities. Use the MetaFrame
Components CD to access the initialization file needed to run this wizard. For more
information about deploying and configuring ICA Clients, see “Deploying ICA
Clients to Users” on page 215.

Note You can skip ICA Client setup during MetaFrame XP installation. To cancel
the ICA Client Distribution wizard, click Cancel when the wizard appears.

Create or update ICA Client images. The ICA Client Creator is a Citrix server utility
you use to create installation disks for Windows and DOS ICA Clients. The ICA
Client Distribution wizard places copies of ICA Clients in the database from which
this utility creates client disks.
120 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Create or update the ICA Client Update Database. Client Auto Update is a feature
that enables you to schedule the download and installation of the latest ICA Client
software from MetaFrame XP servers to client devices. The ICA Client
Distribution wizard places copies of ICA Clients in the database on the MetaFrame
server used by Client Auto Update.

Install or upgrade the ICA pass-through Client on the server. MetaFrame XP servers
can include an installed copy of the ICA Win32 Client. You can publish the server’s
desktop to allow users to access the Program Neighborhood interface. The ICA
Client Distribution wizard installs the ICA Win32 Program Neighborhood Client
on the MetaFrame XP server.

Install ICA Client Administrator’s Guides. The wizard can copy the ICA Client
Administrator’s Guides in PDF format to the Program Files\Citrix\Documentation
directory on the server.
When the wizard prompts you to specify the location of your ICA Client CD-ROM,
insert the MetaFrame Components CD in the server’s CD-ROM drive and click
Next. Alternatively, you can specify the location of a network-shared Components
CD-ROM or CD image. In the ICA Client CD Image field, specify the location of
your installation media. The wizard requires you to type in or browse to the location
of the file ICASetup.ini. This file is located in the root directory of the Components
CD.
The wizard includes typical and custom installation paths. A typical installation
does the following:
• Installs the Client Auto Update Database and copies each ICA Client into the
database
• Installs the ICA Client Creator database and copies each ICA Client into the
database
• Installs the ICA Win32 Client on the server
• Copies the ICA Client Administrator’s Guides to the %SystemDrive%\Program
Files\Citrix\Documentation\ICA Clients directory on the server
When performing a custom installation, a dialog box gives you options for
installing ICA Clients and documentation.
If you select Create/Update Citrix ICA Client Images or Create/Update Citrix
ICA Client Update Database, dialog boxes let you select ICA Clients to install.
For example, if you choose to Create/Update Citrix ICA Client Images, a dialog
box lets you select ICA Clients to add to the ICA Client Creator’s database. Clear
the check boxes for ICA Clients you do not want to add to the database.
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 121

Migrating Citrix Servers to MetaFrame XP

MetaFrame XP can run in mixed mode, with MetaFrame 1.8 servers and
MetaFrame XP servers coexisting in a single farm. Citrix recommends you use this
mixed mode only during pilot deployments or migrations, not as a permanent
solution. See “Interoperability with MetaFrame 1.8” on page 93 for more
information about the limitations of mixed mode.

Supported Migration Paths

MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2 is supported on Windows 2000 servers only; it is
not supported on Windows NT 4.0, Terminal Server Edition. Before you can
migrate earlier versions of MetaFrame to MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 2,
you must update your server’s operating system.
MetaFrame XP supports migration of Citrix servers that are running the following
MetaFrame versions.

Upgrade Path (after upgrading to Windows 2000

Starting MetaFrame Version at Service Pack 2 or higher)
MetaFrame 1.8 for Windows NT 4.0, MetaFrame 1.8 for Windows 2000 to MetaFrame
Terminal Server Edition, at Service Pack 6 1.8 for Windows 2000 with Service Pack 3 to
MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 2 (includes
Feature Release 1 and Service Pack 1)
MetaFrame XP 1.0 for Windows NT 4.0, MetaFrame XP 1.0 for Windows 2000 to
Terminal Server Edition, at Service Pack 6 MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 2 (includes
Feature Release 1 and Service Pack 1)
MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 1 MetaFrame XP for Windows 2000 to MetaFrame
on Windows NT 4.0, Terminal Server XP with Feature Release 2 (includes Feature
Edition, at Service Pack 6 Release 1 and Service Pack 1)
MetaFrame 1.8 at Service Pack 3 for MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 2 (includes
Windows 2000 Feature Release 1 and Service Pack 1)
MetaFrame XP 1.0 for Windows 2000 MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 2 (includes
Feature Release 1 and Service Pack 1)
MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 1 MetaFrame XP with Feature Release 2
for Windows 2000
122 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Overview of the Migration Process

If you want to migrate a MetaFrame 1.8 for Windows server to a MetaFrame XP
server, complete the following tasks:

To migrate a MetaFrame 1.8 server farm to MetaFrame XP

1. Configure the database server if you are using Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, or
IBM DB2 for the MetaFrame XP server farm’s data store.
2. Install MetaFrame XP on a server that is not the current master ICA Browser.
• During MetaFrame XP installation, choose the option to create a new server
farm.
• Name the new MetaFrame XP server farm exactly the same as the existing
MetaFrame 1.8 server farm.
3. Using Citrix Management Console, install and activate the migration licenses
you received in your MetaFrame XP migration kit.
This server becomes the new master ICA Browser, so it must be a server
capable of handling the increased load. You can use the query server command
line utility to discover the Citrix server acting as the master browser. An M next
to the network address of a server indicates that it is the master browser.
When the server restarts after MetaFrame XP installation, the browser election
process causes published applications and server browsing to be temporarily
unavailable. Therefore, it is best to do this initial migration outside of normal
working hours.
4. Verify that you can connect to the MetaFrame XP server and check the
migration log file to confirm that all applications were migrated successfully.
MetaFrame XP Setup displays the name of the script file. The file is located in
%SystemRoot%\System32.
5. Migrate additional MetaFrame 1.8 servers. During installation, choose to join
an existing farm.
6. After all MetaFrame 1.8 servers are migrated to MetaFrame XP, change the
server farm to operate in native mode by selecting the farm node and choosing
Properties in Citrix Management Console. Clear the check box under
MetaFrame Interoperability on the Interoperability tab. When you make this
change, license sharing with license gateways stops. For more information, see
“Pooling License Counts in Mixed Mode” on page 95.
 Chapter 4 Installing MetaFrame XP 123

Cloning a MetaFrame XP Server

If your organization uses system imaging utilities to clone standard server
configurations, with a few adjustments you can also clone MetaFrame XP servers.
For detailed information about cloning MetaFrame XP servers, see Advanced
Concepts for MetaFrame XP, available from the Support area of the Citrix Web site
at http://www.citrix.com/support.

Uninstalling MetaFrame XP
If you want to remove a MetaFrame XP server from a server farm, Citrix
recommends that you uninstall MetaFrame. This removes the host information
from the server farm’s data store and removes the server from the list of servers
displayed in Citrix Management Console.
You can uninstall MetaFrame XP using Add/Remove Programs in Control Panel or
using the Windows 2000 Msiexec command. For more information about this
command, go to the Microsoft Web site and search on “msiexec.”
Before uninstalling MetaFrame XP, log off any ICA sessions and exit all programs
running on the server.

To uninstall MetaFrame XP
1. Exit any applications running on the server.
2. Choose Start > Settings > Control Panel > Add/Remove Programs.
3. Click Change or Remove Programs, select Citrix MetaFrame XP, and click
Remove.
If you need to force the removal of MetaFrame XP from the system, you can use the
command line to add the property
CTX_MF_FORCE_SUBSYSTEM_UNINSTALL
and set its value to “Yes.”
The following sample command line enables logging of the uninstallation operation
and forces the removal of MetaFrame XP:
msiexec /x MFXP001.msi /l*v c:\output.log
CTX_MF_FORCE_SUBSYSTEM_UNINSTALL=”Yes”
124 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important If you rename a MetaFrame XP server on your network, the new server
name is added to the list of MetaFrame servers in the server farm. However, you
must remove the old server name because it is still listed as a member of the server
farm. Before you remove the server name be sure to update all references to the new
server name, including data collector ranking, published application references, and
license assignments.
If you are planning to uninstall MetaFrame XP from the Resource Manager metric
farm server or database connection server for a summary database, be sure to
reassign the server before removing it from the farm. If you are using a summary
database, Citrix recommends that you update it before removing any servers from
the server farm. You should also create any necessary billing reports from the server
before you remove it.

Installing Citrix Management Console on Other Computers

Citrix Management Console is a centralized management utility you use to
administer a MetaFrame XP server farm. The console is automatically installed on
MetaFrame XP servers when you install MetaFrame XP.
You can use the MetaFrame XP CD to install the Citrix Management Console on
workstations that do not have MetaFrame XP installed. For compatibility
information, see “Citrix Management Console Requirements” on page 46.

To install Citrix Management Console on other computers

1. Exit all applications.
2. Insert the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive.
• If your CD-ROM drive supports Autorun, the MetaFrame XP splash screen
appears.
• If the splash screen does not appear or you are installing from a network
share point, choose Start > Run and type d:\autoroot.exe, where d is the
letter of your CD-ROM drive or network share point.
3. Select Other tools and components > Administration tools > Citrix
Management Console.
4. Follow the instructions in the Setup wizard.
 CHAPTER 5

Deploying Feature Release 2 and

Service Pack 2

You can deploy Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2 on servers that have
MetaFrame XP already installed. If you have not yet installed MetaFrame XP, see
“Installing MetaFrame XP” on page 99 before referring to this chapter.

Upgrading to Feature Release 2 or Service Pack 2

Citrix recommends that you deploy Feature Release 2 or Service Pack 2 in all
server farms. The feature release updates your MetaFrame XP software to the latest
version.

Note If you find that you need to run different releases of MetaFrame XP in your
server farm on a temporary basis, configure a server running the latest release as the
zone’s data collector. See “Configuring Zones and Data Collectors” on page 179 for
more information.

Installation of Feature Release 2 includes Service Pack 2; you do not need to install
Service Pack 2 separately. However, if you do not install Feature Release 2, you can
install Service Pack 2 to apply its fixes for known issues and performance
improvements to your MetaFrame XP servers.
If you do not have Feature Release 1 installed on the MetaFrame server, installing
Feature Release 2 also installs Feature Release 1. If you do not have Service Pack 1
already installed, installing Service Pack 2 also installs Service Pack 1.
If you do not have MetaFrame XP installed, installing it using MetaFrame XP
Setup installs Feature Release 1 and Feature Release 2. However, you must install
and activate licenses for MetaFrame XP and for Feature Release 2. You are not
required to install and activate separate Feature Release 1 licenses.
126 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Deploying Feature Release 2 or Service Pack 2 does the following:

• Service Pack 2 provides performance improvements and fixes known issues.
Installing Service Pack 2 on a MetaFrame XP server updates the application
server software, Citrix Management Console, and the additional Citrix
components that are part of MetaFrame XPa and MetaFrame XPe.
• Feature Release 2 includes new features and provides enhancements to existing
features. Installing Feature Release 2 adds the enhancements and new features
to the server’s application server software, Citrix Management Console, and the
additional Citrix components that are part of MetaFrame XPa and
MetaFrame XPe.

Important When you restart your server after you finish upgrading to Feature
Release 2, you need to wait for the Citrix IMA Service to start. It may take a minute
or two for the IMA Service to start. During this time it may appear that the server is
stalled.

You can upgrade to Feature Release 2 through an ICA or RDP session.

For a summary of new features and improvements that are provided by Feature
Release 2, see “Features Included in Feature Release 2” on page 33.
If you do not receive a feature release or service pack on a CD, you can download
the software from the Citrix Web site at www.citrix.com. See “Downloading and
Installing a Service Pack” on page 130 for more information.

Choosing Installation Options

When you insert the MetaFrame XP CD into a CD-ROM drive, the Autorun splash
screen appears. If the window does not appear, double-click the Autorun program in
the CD’s root directory.
You can browse the Autorun screens to the following installation options:

Service Pack 2. This option installs Service Pack 2 software to update the
MetaFrame XP application server, Citrix Management Console, and related
components. This option does not set the server’s feature release level to Feature
Release 2. If you want to activate Feature Release 2 later, use Citrix Management
Console to set the server’s feature release level to Feature Release 2 (see “Setting
the Feature Release Level” on page 132).
 Chapter 5 Deploying Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2 127

Feature Release 2. This option installs Service Pack 2 and Feature Release 2 and
sets the server’s feature release level to Feature Release 2. The server then requests
a Feature Release 2 product license from the server farm’s license pool. You must
add a Feature Release 2 product license to the server farm to make the features of
the feature release available. For more information, see “Licensing Requirements
for Feature Release 2” on page 152.

Citrix Management Console. This option installs or updates the Citrix Management
Console on a non-MetaFrame XP workstation. You do not need to use this option to
update a MetaFrame XP server if you use the Service Pack 2 or Feature Release 2
options to update the server. Use this option only to update the console on non-
MetaFrame XP workstations.

Citrix Web Console. This option installs the Web-based Citrix server farm
administration module on a MetaFrame XP server with Feature Release 2 or
Service Pack 2 installed. The server must have Microsoft Internet Information
Services 5.0 or later installed before you use this option. For more information, see
“Using Setup” on page 128.

Network Management Components. To update the Citrix Network Management

plug-ins, browse the Autorun screen to the options for installing SNMP plug-ins on
network management consoles. The plug-ins interface MetaFrame server farms
with compatible network management consoles.

Browse. This option displays the contents of the CD.

Important If you are upgrading MetaFrame servers that have a previous release of
Resource Manager installed, upgrade the farm metric servers (primary and backup)
before upgrading other MetaFrame servers in the server farm. Resource Manager
uses the farm metric server to interpret information collected from other servers.
This may cause inconsistencies if another server is running a later version of
Resource Manager.

Updating Citrix Management Console

When you use the Feature Release 2 or Service Pack 2 installation option, Setup
updates Citrix Management Console on a MetaFrame XP server. To update the
console on a system that is not a MetaFrame XP server, browse the Autorun screen
to the Citrix Management Console option.
128 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

If you upgrade servers in a server farm from MetaFrame XPs or MetaFrame XPa to
MetaFrame XPe, you need to update the Citrix Management Console on any
systems that are not MetaFrame XP servers. Refer to the MetaFrame XPe
documentation for information about copying the required modules to the Citrix
Management Console systems. After you complete this process, use the Citrix
Management Console option on the MetaFrame XP CD to update the additional
modules on the console system.

Backing Up Files Before Installation

Before Setup installs the service pack or feature release, it saves all files on the
MetaFrame XP server that would be replaced during installation. The files are
saved on the server so they can be restored if you uninstall the service pack or
feature release. For information about uninstalling the software, see “Downgrading
Feature Release 2 or Service Pack 2” on page 132.

Viewing Updated Documentation

Updated documentation for Citrix MetaFrame XP application server, Citrix
Installation Manager, Citrix Resource Manager, Citrix Network Manager, Citrix
Load Manager, and Citrix NFuse Classic is available in PDF files. The files are in
the Docs folder on the MetaFrame XP CD.
Setup copies the documentation files to the server when it installs Feature Release 2
or Service Pack 2. The documentation files are stored in the
%SystemDrive%\Program Files\Citrix\Documentation folder.

Using Setup
The following procedures describe how to select installation options and install
software from the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM.

CAUTION Citrix recommends that you install Windows Installer Version 2.0 or
later on the MetaFrame XP server before you install MetaFrame XP.
Unrecoverable errors have been encountered when installing MetaFrame XP with
Windows Installer Version 1.1 that may require you to reinstall the server operating
system. You can download the latest version of Windows Installer from the
Microsoft Web site at http://www.microsoft.com. Version 2.0 of Windows Installer
is included on the MetaFrame XP CD in the directory \Support\MSI20.
For more information about this recommendation to install Windows Installer
Version 2.0, see “Important Recommendations for Windows Installer” on page 102.
 Chapter 5 Deploying Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2 129

To install Feature Release 2, Service Pack 2, and other Citrix components

1. Before beginning the installation process, do the following:
• Verify that no ICA sessions are active on a MetaFrame XP server you are
updating, and that no users need to connect to the server during the
installation process. Setup for Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2
disconnects all active sessions and does not allow new connections until the
installation is complete.
• If the MetaFrame XP server is an indirect server, which communicates with
the server farm’s data store through another MetaFrame XP server, you must
update that server before you update the indirect server.
2. Insert the MetaFrame XP CD in the CD-ROM drive. Autorun displays the
installation options window. If the window does not appear, enter
d:\autorun.exe at a command prompt (replace d with the CD drive letter).
3. On the main Autorun screen, click Install or update MetaFrame and then
click MetaFrame XP Feature Release 2 to install Feature Release 2 and
Service Pack 2 on a MetaFrame XP server. This option also sets the feature
release level of the server to Feature Release 2.
4. On the main Autorun screen, click Other tools and components and then
Administration tools to select one of the following options:
• Citrix Management Console to install Service Pack 2 for the console on a
workstation (not a MetaFrame XP server).
• Citrix Web Console to install the Web-based Citrix console on a
MetaFrame XP server that has Internet Information Services 5.0 or later
installed.
5. On the main Autorun screen, click Other tools and components and then
Network Manager plugins to display options for installing SNMP plug-ins on
NetView, OpenView, and Unicenter TNG network management consoles.
6. On the main Autorun screen, click Browse CD for access to other information
and utilities, including the full MetaFrame XP documentation set in the Docs
directory.
7. After you choose an option, a wizard guides you through the installation
process. When the installation is complete, Setup prompts you to restart the
system.
130 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Downloading and Installing a Service Pack

Use the following procedure if you want to download a service pack from the Citrix
Web site.

To download a service pack

1. Using your Web browser, connect to www.citrix.com and click the Download
link.
2. On the Citrix download page, click the “Hotfixes, Service Packs and more”
link.
3. Select MetaFrame XP for Windows and click Go!
4. Select the package that you want to download.
5. Double-click the downloaded file to extract the installation files. Note the
location for the extracted files and click Unzip.
6. In the folder containing the extracted files, double-click Setup and follow the
instructions displayed by Setup.

Updating ICA Client Software

During installation of Feature Release 2, Setup prompts you to update the ICA
Client software on the MetaFrame XP server.
You can run the ICA Client Distribution wizard to update the ICA Client images on
the server. When prompted, insert the Components CD-ROM and click Next.
For information about installing ICA Client software on client devices, see the ICA
Client Administrator’s Guide for the clients you want to install. These guides are in
the ICAClientDoc directory on the Components CD-ROM.

Unattended Setup of MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2

You can configure MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2 Setup to run without
assistance using one of two methods:
• Creating an answer file to provide answers to the questions asked during Setup.
A sample answer file is located on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM at
Support\Install.
• Running the Msiexec command at the command line. For more information
about this command, go to the Microsoft Web site and search on “msiexec.”
 Chapter 5 Deploying Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2 131

Creating an Answer File

You can create an answer file to provide answers to the questions asked when you
run MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2 Setup. A sample answer file is located on the
MetaFrame XP CD-ROM at Support\Install. Instructions are provided in the file for
setup options. Copy the sample answer file to another location and modify it for
your needs.

To perform an unattended installation

1. Insert the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM in the CD-ROM drive of the server, or
insert the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM in a CD-ROM drive accessible over the
network. If your CD-ROM drive supports Autorun, the MetaFrame XP CD
splash screen appears. Close the window.
2. Open the sample file XPFR2_UnattendedTemplate.txt, located in the directory
Support\Install, in any text editor. Save the file with another name.
3. Enter the values for the Feature Release installation options you want to set. For
example, set the FeatureRelease property to “Yes” to install Feature Release 2.
Set this option to “No” to install only Service Pack 2.
4. Type the following at a command prompt where <Windows Installer package>
is the name of the Windows Installer package you want to run, and <answer
file> is the name of the text file you created in Step 2:
UnattendedInstall.exe <Windows Installer package> <answer file>

Using the Command Line

You can also use the Msiexec command to install MetaFrame XP, Feature Release
2. Properties are set on the comand line by adding <Property=“value”> on the
command line after other switches and parameters. For example, set the
FeatureRelease property to “Yes” to install Feature Release 2. Set this option to
“No” to install only Service Pack 2. For definitions of the properties in the
MetaFrame XP Windows Installer package, see “MetaFrame XP Setup Properties”
on page 347.
The following sample command line installs MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2 and
creates a log file to capture information about this operation.
msiexec /i MFXP001.msi /l*v c:\output.log
FeatureRelease=”Yes”
132 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Downgrading Feature Release 2 or Service Pack 2

You can downgrade a service pack or feature release if necessary. Downgrading the
software returns the MetaFrame XP server to its state before the feature release or
service pack was installed.

To downgrade to an earlier version of MetaFrame XP

1. Choose Start > Settings > Control Panel > Add/Remove Programs.
2. Select the service pack or feature release from the list of installed programs.
3. Click Change. Do not click Remove. Doing so uninstalls MetaFrame XP from
your system.
4. On the Application Maintenance screen, click Remove and then click Next.
5. On the Citrix MetaFrame XP for Windows, Feature Release 2 Uninstall
screen click Downgrade.

Setting the Feature Release Level

The feature release level is a setting that enables a feature release on a
MetaFrame XP server. Normally, the feature release level is set by using the Feature
Release 2 installation option. You can set the feature release level manually to
change a server’s configuration.
For example, you can set the feature release level to Feature Release 2 if you used
the Service Pack 2 installation option (which does not set the feature release level)
and now you want to enable the Feature Release 2 software.
The feature release level affects the product license that the server requires. The
following are examples of the effect of the feature release setting:
• If a server’s feature release level is set to Feature Release 2, the server seeks a
Feature Release 2 product license from the server farm’s license pool. If the
license is available, the feature release software is enabled and its features are
available on the server. If the Feature Release 2 license is not available, the
server does not accept connections from ICA Clients.
• If a server’s feature release level is set to “Not Installed,” the server does not
seek a feature release product license and the features of the feature release are
not available on the server.
 Chapter 5 Deploying Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2 133

To set the feature release level on a MetaFrame XP server

1. In Citrix Management Console, right-click the server and choose Set Feature
Release Level.
2. In the dialog box that appears, click the down-arrow to select the feature release
level.
• If you select Feature Release 2, the server attempts to acquire a Feature
Release 2 product license from the license pool and the features of the
feature release are available on the server. Do not set the feature release level
if a feature release license is not available, because the server cannot accept
connections from ICA Clients without the license.
• If you select None, the server does not acquire a Feature Release 2 license
and the features of Feature Release 2 are not available on the server.
3. Click OK to set the feature release level.
 CHAPTER 6

Licensing MetaFrame XP

This chapter describes Citrix licensing for MetaFrame XP and its feature releases
and service packs. It includes an overview of licensing requirements and describes
various types of licenses.
To find step-by-step instructions for procedures mentioned in this chapter—
including how to enter, activate, and assign licenses—use online help in Citrix
Management Console.
For information about Clicense, a Citrix command-line utility that you use to view
and change licensing data on Citrix servers, see Appendix A, “MetaFrame XP
Command Reference.”

Overview of Citrix Licensing

Using Citrix software requires that you follow the terms of Citrix license
agreements. Usually, you must purchase a license that permits the software to be
used on a specified number of servers and permits a specified number of ICA
connections to the Citrix servers.
In addition to the legal agreement, the term license refers to codes and software that
enable Citrix products to operate. Software mechanisms verify the presence of valid
licenses for Citrix products in Citrix server farms. However, except for special
enterprise licenses that require usage reporting, Citrix does not monitor or retrieve
license usage data from Citrix server farms.
For details about licensing requirements and licensing terms for your Citrix
product, be sure to refer to the End-User License Agreement that is provided with
the software package in printed or electronic form.
136 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important If your organization participates in a Citrix enterprise licensing program

or ASP licensing program, Citrix provides additional software and documentation
for license metering and reporting. If your organization participates in an enterprise
program, do not follow the licensing instructions in this chapter; instead, refer to
your enterprise license documentation or ask your enterprise sales representative for
the detailed enterprise licensing information.

Summary of the Licensing Process

The steps below summarize the general process you use for MetaFrame XP
licensing. Whether your server farm is small or large, the general steps you use to
enter and activate licenses are the same.
For definitions of the licensing terms used in the following procedure, see
“Understanding Citrix Licensing Codes” on page 140.

To enter licenses for Citrix products

1. Get the product code and serial number from your MetaFrame XP product
packaging.
• Make product codes and serial numbers available to administrators who
manage licensing for the server farm.
• Store the original product codes and serial numbers in a safe place.
2. When you install MetaFrame XP on a server and select a product type, the
corresponding product code is automatically referenced.
Verify that the product code matches the product code in your product
packaging. If you did not receive a product code in your product packaging,
accept the suggested product code.
3. Use Citrix Management Console to enter the serial numbers for all of your
Citrix licenses. For each serial number you enter, a license description and
license number appear on the License Numbers tab in the console.
4. When you enter a license in Citrix Management Console, you must then
activate the license. In a Web browser, go to the Citrix Activation System (CAS)
Web page at http://www.citrix.com/activate. Paste the license number into the
text box and then copy the activation code you receive for the license.
5. Enter the activation code in the Activate License dialog box and click OK to
activate the license. Check the License Numbers tab to be sure you activate all
licenses.
 Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP 137

6. After you enter and activate licenses, MetaFrame XP pools all license counts in
the server farm. Through the farm’s data store, license counts are allocated from
the pool to MetaFrame XP servers in the server farm that require product and
connection license counts. You can use Citrix Management Console to monitor
license usage by the entire farm and by individual servers.
7. If you want to assign activated licenses to specific servers, use the New
Assignment wizard to assign product and connection license counts to any
MetaFrame XP server in the farm. License counts that you assign are taken out
of the pool of unassigned licenses. You cannot assign licenses that are not
activated. For more information about product and connection licenses, see
“Product Licenses” on page 138 and “Connection Licenses” on page 139.

Important Citrix Management Console does not verify that license counts you
assign to a server are the correct type specified by the server’s product code. If you
assign a license count from a MetaFrame XPs license, for example, and the server’s
product code specifies MetaFrame XPe licensing, the server cannot use the
assigned license count. The unused count is not returned to the license pool, and
therefore, is not available for use in the server farm.

Grace Periods for License Activation

After you enter a license serial number, you can use the software during a grace
period before you must activate the license.
For MetaFrame XP licenses, refer to the Grace Days column on the License
Numbers tab in Citrix Management Console. The numbers in this column tell you
the number of days that remain in the grace period for each license. Before a grace
period ends, you must activate the license.
Citrix recommends that you use the grace period to thoroughly test your hardware
and software configuration. When you are sure your system is set up properly, you
can permanently activate your licenses.
Demonstration licenses and evaluation licenses must be activated using the same
procedure described above. However, these licenses are valid for a limited period
even after activation.
138 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Types of MetaFrame XP Licenses

Two types of licenses appear in MetaFrame XP licensing: product licenses and
connection licenses. When you manage licenses for MetaFrame XP, you work with
both types of licenses. In some procedures, you need to specify one type of license.
A Citrix license can provide either a product or a connection license alone, or both
types of licenses together. A serial number that provides product and connection
licenses together can include no more than one license count for the product license.
If you add more servers to a server farm, you can obtain a product license with the
license count you need for the additional servers. For more information about
license counts, see “Managing License Counts” on page 150.

Product Licenses
A product license is a license to use one or more Citrix products on your servers. A
server farm must have a product license with one license count to run Citrix server
software on each server in the server farm.
The table below describes the product licenses that are available to enable
MetaFrame XP and related Citrix products.

Product license Products enabled

MetaFrame XPs MetaFrame XP, NFuse Classic
MetaFrame XPa MetaFrame XP with Load Manager, NFuse Classic
MetaFrame XPe MetaFrame XP, Load Manager, NFuse Classic, Resource Manager,
Installation Manager, Network Manager

As mentioned above, a Citrix serial number can include both product and
connection licenses. For more information, see “Connection Licenses” on page
139.
When you add a Citrix license to your server farm, the product license provided by
the license number appears on the Product tab in Citrix Management Console.
Only one product license appears on the tab, even if the product license—such as a
MetaFrame XPa product license—enables more than one Citrix product.
MetaFrame XP allocates product licenses from a pool of available licenses for a
MetaFrame XP server farm. To monitor the product licenses in a farm, select
Licenses in the tree pane and use the Product tab in Citrix Management Console.
A server does not consume a product license when it is not in operation—when the
server is down or the IMA service is not running. When a server releases a product
license, the license returns to the license pool and is available for use by another
server.
 Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP 139

With a MetaFrame XPa or MetaFrame XPe product license, which enables multiple
products on your servers, you cannot divide the product license to enable one
product on one server and other products on other servers.

Connection Licenses
A connection license is a license for ICA Client connections to MetaFrame XP
servers. Because of the client device licensing feature, one connection license count
in the license pool supports multiple concurrent ICA sessions from one client
device to the MetaFrame XP server farm.
Each MetaFrame XP product license provides one grace license for the
administrator to connect to the server console. The grace license prevents the server
from reporting a licensing error if you install no connection licenses and log on to
the server before putting it into service for ICA Clients.
License serial numbers that you receive with MetaFrame XP can provide
connection licenses alone or in combination with a MetaFrame XP product license.
If you add more users, you can get additional connection licenses with the license
count you require.

Migrating Licenses from Other Citrix Products

MetaFrame XP does not directly support licenses for MetaFrame 1.8, WINFRAME
1.8, and earlier versions of MetaFrame or WINFRAME. However, you can use
licenses from other Citrix products if you purchase the appropriate product
migration licenses.
You can enter MetaFrame and WINFRAME product licenses in your server farm’s
data store using Citrix Management Console.
If you install MetaFrame XP on an existing Citrix server, Setup migrates existing
Citrix licenses into the new MetaFrame XP server farm.

Important If you cannot preserve your original licenses on a Citrix server because
you cannot upgrade the operating system or you perform a clean install of the
operating system or MetaFrame XP, you must enter the original license serial
numbers in Citrix Management Console and then reactivate the licenses before they
can be used with a migration license.

MetaFrame XP supports migration of licenses from the following products:

• MetaFrame 1.8 for Windows NT 4.0 Servers
• MetaFrame 1.8 for Windows 2000 Servers
• MetaFrame 1.0
140 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

• WINFRAME 1.8
• WINFRAME 1.7
You can migrate earlier product licenses to MetaFrame XPs, MetaFrame XPa, and
MetaFrame XPe product licenses.

Important If you enter migration licenses in your server farm, you might need to
change the product code. A server will not use a migration license if the server’s
product code is different from the product code of the migration license. For more
information, see “Product Codes” on page 140.

When a server starts, it requests a product license from the server farm’s license
pool. If the server’s product code allows it to take a migration license, it can use a
migration license from the license pool if it can also get a corresponding original
license for the migrated product.

Upgrading Licenses
You can upgrade your Citrix servers to enable more features by installing additional
software and entering MetaFrame upgrade licenses into the server farm’s license
pool. For example, you can upgrade MetaFrame XPs to MetaFrame XPa or
MetaFrame XPe by installing the Citrix software included with the upgrade licenses
and entering the licenses into the server farm.
If you upgrade a server, you must change the server’s product code to match the
product code of the upgrade license. For example, if you upgrade a server from
MetaFrame XPs to MetaFrame XPa, you must change the server’s product code to
the one included with the MetaFrame XPs-to-MetaFrame XPa upgrade license.

Understanding Citrix Licensing Codes

Licensing for MetaFrame XP and related Citrix products involves several licensing
codes, which are strings of characters that you use during the licensing process. You
get some licensing codes from your Citrix software package; Citrix software
generates other strings that you use in connection with Citrix licensing.

Product Codes
Each Citrix software package includes a product code. The product code is an
alphanumeric string of nine characters that:
• Identifies the Citrix software product
• Distinguishes among retail, evaluation, and not-for-resale product versions
 Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP 141

• Specifies the product license a server requests from the license pool to enable
the installed Citrix software
The product code for MetaFrame XP appears on a label on the product package.
One or more license serial numbers are also on the label.

MetaFrame XPa 1.0 -English

Server: XNNXX-NNXXN-XNXXN-NXNXN-NXNXN
Product
Code 0100-0F4A
ICA
Connect: XNNXX-NNXXN-XNXXN-NXNXN-NXNXN

Allocating License Counts According to Product Codes

With MetaFrame XP, license counts are allocated to individual servers from a
common license pool for the server farm. The automatic allocation of licenses
means you do not have to manually assign licenses to servers.
A variety of MetaFrame XP licenses, including evaluation, migration, upgrade, and
full retail licenses can exist in the license pool. The product code applied to a server
specifies the kind of product license count the server takes from the license pool.
For example, you might have evaluation and full retail licenses in your server
farm’s license pool. You install evaluation applications on some servers and install
production applications on other servers. In this scenario, you do not want
evaluation servers to take retail licenses away from production servers. Therefore,
you enter product codes to specify which servers require retail license counts and
which servers can use evaluation license counts.
In addition to evaluation and retail licenses, product codes distinguish among
MetaFrame XPs, MetaFrame XPa, and MetaFrame XPe licenses. Without the
correct product code on a server (and corresponding license counts available in the
pool), the Citrix software will not function on a server.
For example, if you specify a MetaFrame XPs product code and no MetaFrame
XPs license counts are available, the server will not take a MetaFrame XPa or
MetaFrame XPe license count if these licenses are in the license pool.
If you install MetaFrame XP and Installation Manager on a server and enter the
MetaFrame XPs license code, for example, the server will request a MetaFrame
XPs license count from the license pool. Even if the license count is available,
Installation Manager will not be enabled on the server because a MetaFrame XPs
license enables only MetaFrame XP to run on the server.
142 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Changing a Server’s Product Code

You can change a product code to change a server’s product license specification.
Adding a license to the server farm’s license pool does not change the product code
on any servers.
For example, you might want to change the product code to convert an evaluation
server to use a full license. Another example is to change the product code when
you upgrade a server that uses a MetaFrame XPs license to use a MetaFrame XPa
license and enable Load Manager features.

To change a server’s product code

1. Select the server in Citrix Management Console.
2. Choose Actions > Servers > Set MetaFrame Product Code.
3. Enter the product code and click OK.

Tip To select multiple servers so you can change their product codes at once,
select the Servers node in the Citrix Management Console and then select the
servers on the Contents tab.

When you change the product code, a status bar indicates the progress of the
change. The process can last several minutes if you change the product code on
many servers at once. The status bar indicates when the product code change is
complete on all the selected servers.

Serial Numbers
A serial number is the code that you enter in the first step of the licensing process,
using Citrix Management Console.
The serial number represents the exact licenses you purchased. Citrix software uses
the serial number to identify and validate your licenses.
The serial number is on a label in the MetaFrame XP software package. A
MetaFrame XP serial number is a string of 15 letters, numbers, and symbols. The
string has five groups of five characters each, with a hyphen between each group.

Tip The licensing label in your product package might include more than one
serial number, depending on the particular MetaFrame XP licenses that you
purchase. A serial number for a connection license is labeled “ICA Connect.” A
serial number for a product license is labeled “Server.”
 Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP 143

Representation of Licenses by Serial Numbers

Serial numbers for MetaFrame XP can represent the following types of Citrix
licenses:

Product license. MetaFrame XPs, MetaFrame XPa, and MetaFrame XPe product
licenses enable use of the MetaFrame XP and Citrix management products on
servers. Each license enables particular Citrix products and features on servers (see
the table on page 138 for more information).
The number of servers that a product license allows depends on the license count.

Connection license. This license enables concurrent connections by ICA Client

users to MetaFrame XP servers. The number of concurrent connections allowed by
the license depends on the license count.

Types of Licenses Provided by a Serial Number

A Citrix license serial number can represent a single Citrix license or a combination
of Citrix licenses. However, some license combinations cannot be represented by a
single serial number. A single serial number can represent only the following:
• A product license (MetaFrame XPs, MetaFrame XPa, or MetaFrame XPe) that
includes multiple license counts for multiple servers
• A connection license that includes multiple license counts for concurrent ICA
connections
• A product license with one license count plus a connection license with multiple
license counts
For example, one serial number can represent a MetaFrame XPs product license
with a single license count and a MetaFrame connection license with a 15-
connection license count. Another serial number can represent a MetaFrame XPe
product license with a 500-server license count.
To enable MetaFrame XP and Citrix management products for the number of
servers and connections that you use in a server farm, you need to obtain a product
license with a license count equal to (or greater than) the number of servers you
have, and a MetaFrame connection license with a license count equal to (or greater
than) the number of concurrent ICA connections your users require.

Entering Serial Numbers

To add licenses to your server farm, you enter license serial numbers during
installation of MetaFrame XP or with Citrix Management Console.
After you enter serial numbers, Citrix Management Console produces a license
number from each serial number. You use the license number to receive an
activation code from Citrix for the licenses.
144 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

All types of Citrix licenses require activation within a set period of time, which is
called the grace period and typically lasts 90 days. Licenses that you do not activate
during the grace period expire and are invalid. Evaluation licenses require
activation but are valid for a limited period, typically 90 days, after activation.

License Numbers
A license number is a code that you use in the licensing process for MetaFrame XP
and Citrix management products. License numbers are strings of letters, numbers,
and symbols.
For licensing of MetaFrame XP and other IMA-based Citrix products, you use a
license number that is derived from each serial number you enter in a server farm.
The Citrix Management Console displays each license number, which consists of
the original serial number plus additional characters; these additional characters are
referred to as the machine code.
You use license numbers to get activation codes, as described below, for each Citrix
license.

License Activation Codes

All types of Citrix licenses require activation. To activate a license, you enter the
activation code for the license in Citrix Management Console. The activation code
is a string of characters that you get from the Citrix Activation System (CAS) Web
page. You can use the CAS system with any Web browser and Internet connection.
For more information, see “Activating Licenses” on page 146.
Each activation code is a unique string that activates only one specific license
number.

Managing and Monitoring Licenses

In a MetaFrame XP server farm, the data store for the farm contains all data
associated with licensing for the farm, including the types of licenses you enter,
their license numbers, license counts, and license assignments to specific servers.
You use Citrix Management Console to monitor and manage licensing for
MetaFrame XP servers and connections by ICA Client users. With the console, you
can do the following:
• Add licenses to a server farm
• Activate licenses
• Monitor usage of product and connection license counts
• Assign license counts to specific servers
 Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP 145

• Remove licenses from a server farm

• Copy license numbers for use in the CAS system
For information about the basics of using Citrix Management Console, see “To use
Citrix Management Console” on page 166.
The Citrix Management Console communicates with the data store in a server farm
to display information about licenses in the farm. When you make changes by
adding or removing licenses, or changing license assignments, the console updates
the licensing data in the farm’s data store through the Citrix IMA protocol.

Important When you view information about license usage, use the Refresh
command to be sure the information is current. When ICA Clients connect or
disconnect from the farm, the licensing data is not updated automatically. Use the
Refresh command to ensure that connection license data is current.
Similarly, MetaFrame XP does not refresh the data in the console when servers are
brought online or go offline. Use the Refresh command to be sure that license
usage data is current when you view product license information in Citrix
Management Console.

To set automatic refresh of licensing data

You can specify an interval for automatic refresh of licensing data displayed in
Citrix Management Console. If you do not select the automatic refresh setting,
licensing data is not refreshed unless you choose the Refresh command or a license
change event, such as adding or removing a license from the server farm, occurs.
1. Select the License node in the console tree.
2. Choose Auto Refresh Settings from the Actions menu or the right-click menu.
3. In the dialog box, Automatically refresh licensing data, enter the refresh
interval in seconds, and click OK.

Adding Licenses to Server Farms

To add a license to a Citrix server farm, you enter a license serial number that you
receive with a Citrix product.
Use Citrix Management Console to enter each serial number for licenses that you
want to use in the farm. Choose New > License from the Actions menu or click the
Add License button on the toolbar to begin entering a license.
Type Citrix serial numbers exactly as they are printed, including hyphens (dashes)
between the groups of characters. The characters in a serial number can include
numerals, letters, and symbols such as + (plus sign), ? (question mark), and * (star).
146 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

After you enter a serial number, the license appears on the License Numbers tab.
The license number that is shown on the tab is the serial number that you entered,
followed by 11 additional characters that the licensing subsystem generates.
When you first enter a license, the license is not activated. The Status column on the
License Numbers tab displays Unactivated and the Grace Days column shows the
number of days remaining before the license will expire if you do not activate it.
When you enter an unactivated license, the console asks if you want to activate the
license.

Activating Licenses
You must activate each Citrix license to complete the licensing process for
MetaFrame XP software and ensure continued operation. While a license is not
activated, reminder messages appear on the MetaFrame XP server console.
If you do not activate a license, the license expires after a set grace period. When a
license expires, the license is no longer valid. An invalid license prevents users
from connecting to the MetaFrame XP server. In addition, you cannot assign
unactivated licenses to servers.
To activate a license, you obtain an activation code and then enter the code in Citrix
Management Console.

Tip You can right-click a license number on the License Numbers tab and choose
Activate to start the activation process.

To activate licenses using the Web

1. Select a license number on the License Numbers tab in Citrix Management
Console and choose Actions > Activate.
2. In the Activate License dialog box, click Copy to Clipboard to copy the
license number to the Clipboard for the next step.
3. Go to the Citrix Activation System Web page at http://www.citrix.com/activate.
Enter the license number. The CAS page returns the activation code for the
license number.
4. Copy the activation code, enter the activation code in the Activate License
dialog box, and click OK to activate the license.
After you activate a license, the Status column displays Activated on the License
Numbers tab. The license number remains the same because activation codes do
not appear as part of the license number.
 Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP 147

Note Licensing changes might not appear immediately in Citrix Management

Console. To refresh the display after adding or activating a license, press F5 or
choose View > Refresh.

To activate licenses by phone or fax

If you cannot use the Web for license activation, you can get an activation code by
phone or fax.
1. Select a license number on the License Numbers tab in Citrix Management
Console and choose Activate from the Actions menu, the right-click menu, or
the toolbar.
2. Write down the license number that appears in the Activate License dialog box.
You can leave the dialog box open for the following step.
3. Use one of the following methods to obtain an activation code for the license:
• Fax the license number to (954) 267-9342 with your return fax number and
customer information.
• Call (800) 424-8749 to speak with a customer service representative and get
an activation code.
4. After you obtain an activation code, enter the activation code in the Activate
License dialog box and click OK to activate the license.

License Views
To monitor and make changes to licensing in your server farm, you primarily use
the Licenses node in Citrix Management Console.
When you select the Licenses node in the console’s left pane, you can use the
Product, Connection, and License Numbers tabs that appear in the right pane to
monitor license usage and configuration.
148 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Displaying License Numbers

The License Numbers tab lists each license that you enter in the server farm. Each
license that appears on the tab is based on a single license number, which you can
view in the License Number column. The tab also shows which licenses are
activated and unactivated, and the grace period for unactivated licenses.
This tab can display multiple licenses with the same description; the License
Numbers tab does not consolidate licenses based on product or license type.
For example, if you enter three serial numbers that represent licenses for
MetaFrame XP 1.0 for Windows, each license appears in the list on the License
Numbers tab. Two licenses might contribute both product and connection licenses,
while the third might add license counts for additional servers in the farm.
To see what licenses a license number contributes to the server farm, double-click
the license in the list.
Use the Copy to Clipboard command to copy the license number of any license
you select in the list. You can paste the data from the Clipboard into other
applications for reporting and archiving.

Monitoring Connection Licenses

The Connection tab lists MetaFrame XP connection licenses. The tab shows the
license count, which is the number of concurrent ICA connections allowed by the
license, and usage data for each connection license you enter.
More than one serial number can contribute to one type of connection license. Each
type of connection license—such as MetaFrame Connection—appears only once
on the tab.
For example, “MetaFrame Connection” appears once on the Connection tab, even
if you enter multiple serial numbers that include connection licenses. Additional
licenses increase the license count, which appears in the Count column.

Connection license

Use the Properties command (or double-click a license in the list) to display
additional details about a connection license. You can monitor the use of the
connection license by servers in the farm. You can also see the license number that
includes the connection license, check the status of the license, and see how many
grace days remain before you must activate a license that is not activated.
 Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP 149

Monitoring Product Licenses

The Product tab lists MetaFrame XP product licenses. The tab shows the license
description, the license count (the number of servers allowed by the license), and
usage data for each product license you enter.
If you enter multiple license serial numbers, each distinct Citrix product appears
once on the Product tab. Additional licenses can increase the license count for a
product without adding additional product licenses to the list.

Product license

For example, “MetaFrame XP 1.0 English for Windows” is one distinct product
license. If you enter more than one serial number for this license, the product
description appears once. The Count column shows the total license count for the
product license.
Use the Properties command or double-click a license description in the list to
display additional details about a product license. In the Properties dialog box, you
can monitor the use of the product license by servers in the farm. You can also see
the license number that includes the product license, check the status of the license,
and see how many grace days remain before you must activate a license that is not
activated.

Monitoring Server Information

You can select individual servers in the console tree to view licensing information
for each server.
When you select one server in the tree, the Licenses tab appears in the console’s
right pane. This tab shows any license counts that are in use by the server, as well as
any license counts assigned to the server.
License counts that you assign to a server are removed from the license pool; an
assigned license is available only to the server on which it is assigned. An assigned
license is not available to other servers, even if the license is not in use because the
server is down. For more information, see “Assigning License Counts” on page
151.
150 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important In a mixed server farm environment, Citrix Management Console

monitors and manages licensing data for MetaFrame XP servers only. To change
license data on MetaFrame 1.8 servers, use the licensing commands and utilities
that ship with that product; these utilities are also included on the MetaFrame XP
CD-ROM for your convenience. The MetaFrame 1.8 licensing commands do not
report or configure licensing data for MetaFrame XP or other IMA-based servers.

Note Licenses that are migrated into the server farm from older Citrix Products,
such as Load Balancing Services and SecureICA Services, will appear in Citrix
Management Console, even though the licenses are not used in the MetaFrame XP
server farm.

Managing License Counts

Product licenses and connection licenses each include a license count. The license
count is the number of products or connections that the license authorizes.
For example, a connection license with a license count of 50 allows 50 concurrent
ICA connections to the server farm.
License counts appear in the Count column on the Product and Connection tabs in
Citrix Management Console. These tabs display similar licenses as single items in
the list. These single items are called license sets. A license set includes the total
license count from all licenses in the set.
For example, you might have two MetaFrame XPs licenses, one with a license
count of 15 and one with a license count of 20. When you enter these licenses in
your server farm, just one license set with a license count of 35 appears on the
Product tab.
Citrix Management Console uses license count data wherever it displays license
usage information. The numbers that are labeled “pooled” and “in use” refer to
license counts that are pooled and in use.

Note For some types of MetaFrame XP product licenses, the license count is
unlimited, which means that the license authorizes the installation and use of the
product on any number of servers.
 Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP 151

Pooling License Counts

To simplify management of licenses, MetaFrame XP always combines the license
counts for each product license into a common pool for the server farm. It does the
same with the license counts for connection licenses.
By default, all MetaFrame XP servers in the farm can take license counts from the
license pools as needed for new connections and new servers.
For example, as more users connect to a MetaFrame XP server, the server takes
connection license counts from the license pool. If you restart a farm server that was
offline, the server takes a product license count from the license pool when it begins
operating in the farm.

Important The product license count that a server takes from the license pool
depends on the product code assigned to a server. A server does not take product
license counts from licenses other than the license specified by its product code. For
example, if a server’s product code specifies MetaFrame XPe, the server does not
take a MetaFrame XPs or MetaFrame XPa license count from the license pool.

Assigning License Counts

The only license counts that are not available to all servers are license counts that
you explicitly assign to specific servers.
If you assign license counts to a server, you remove the specified count from the
pool and dedicate the count to one server only. You can do this with most licenses,
but you cannot assign some types of licenses, including unactivated, demonstration,
and evaluation licenses.
You can assign licenses to servers based on the type of applications published in the
farm and the number of servers that host mission-critical applications.
For example, if you assign connection license counts to certain servers and you set
up certain ICA Clients to connect to those servers, you can be sure of the number of
users who can connect to that group of servers. While the license pool for the server
farm might run out of connection license counts at some times, the servers to which
you assigned license counts will always have the number that you specified.
You use the New Assignment wizard in Citrix Management Console to assign
product and connection license counts. Select a license set on the Connection or
Product tab, and choose License > New Assignment from the Actions menu to
begin the process.
The wizard guides you to select a specific server in the farm and then to specify the
license count to assign to that server. Repeat the process if you want to assign more
license counts to other servers in the farm.
152 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Changing License Assignments

To change a server’s license count assignment, you select the server in Citrix
Management Console and select the license set on the Licenses tab. Use the
Change Assignment command to adjust the license count.
If you reduce the license count that is assigned to a server, you return the count to
the license pool for use by all servers in the farm.
You can remove the assigned license counts from a server by selecting the license
set and choosing the Drop Assignment command.

Removing Licenses
Normally, you do not remove licenses from a server farm. However, you might
want to remove a license if it expires, or if you want to replace an evaluation license
with a full product license.
To remove a license, select it on the License Numbers tab in Citrix Management
Console and choose License > Remove from the Actions menu.

Client Device Licensing

Client device licensing is a feature that allows users to start multiple sessions on the
same or different servers while using only a single Citrix license count. The user
must make all connections from a single client device.
When a user starts a second session on the same Citrix server, the new session does
not consume a second connection license count. If the user starts a second session
on a different server, the new session does not consume a second connection license
count if the first session used a pooled license count.
Also, ICA Clients (Win16 or Win32) that shipped with MetaFrame 1.0 or earlier
require that all sessions use the same network protocol (TCP/IP, IPX, or NetBIOS).

Licensing Requirements for Feature Release 2

Feature Release 2 includes new features that require licensing. To enable Feature
Release 2, you must add a Feature Release 2 product license and Feature Release 2
connection license to the server farm.

Feature Release 2 product license. Most product licenses have an unlimited license
count, which means the license can be used by all the MetaFrame XP servers in a
server farm. You must install a Feature Release 2 product license in the server farm
to make the features of the feature release available. Each MetaFrame XP server
that has its feature release level set to Feature Release 2 requests a Feature Release
2 product license count from the server farm’s license pool.
 Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP 153

Feature Release 2 connection license. Each ICA session between an ICA Client and
a MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2 server requires one feature release connection
license count. Subsequent connections to the same server do not use an additional
license count.
In addition, subsequent connections to a different server in the same farm do not use
an additional license count if the first session used a pooled feature release
connection license. If the feature release level of a MetaFrame XP server is set to
Feature Release 2, the server requests a Feature Release 2 connection license count
from the license pool.

Important Configuring a MetaFrame XP server to use Feature Release 2 without

installing the required licenses makes the server unable to accept connections from
users. If a server’s feature release level is set to Feature Release 2, but Feature
Release 2 product and connection licenses are not installed, users cannot connect to
the server and run ICA sessions.
You can disable the feature release on a server by setting the feature release level to
“Not Installed.” For more information, see “Setting the Feature Release Level” on
page 132.

Citrix licensing terms can differ for enterprise customers, retail customers,
evaluation software, and not-for-resale products packages. For information about
the specific terms and conditions of your license, refer to the End-User License
Agreement that is included with the software or license package.

To add Feature Release 2 licenses to a server farm

1. Log on to Citrix Management Console by choosing Start > Programs > Citrix
> Citrix Management Console.

Important To add licenses, you must be a Citrix administrator with rights to

perform licensing tasks.

2. Choose Actions > New > License or click Add License on the toolbar. The
Add License dialog box appears.
3. In the Add License dialog box, type a Citrix license serial number exactly as it
appears. Include all hyphens (dashes) between the groups of characters. The
serial number can include numerals, letters, and symbols such as plus signs,
question marks, and stars.
Click OK after you type the license serial number.
154 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

4. A message confirms successful installation and prompts you to activate the

license. Click Yes to activate the license at this time or No to activate the license
later.
5. Repeat Steps 3 through 5 for each license you want to add to the server farm.
After you add licenses to the server farm, be sure to activate the licenses as
described next.

Activating Feature Release 2 Licenses

After you install Citrix licenses, you must activate each license to complete the
licensing process. If a license is installed but is not activated, the MetaFrame XP
server displays messages to remind you to activate the license.
If you do not activate a license, the license expires after a set period. If a license
expires, the license is no longer valid. Lack of a valid license can prevent users from
connecting to MetaFrame XP servers. You cannot assign non-activated licenses to
servers.

Viewing Feature Release License Information

When you install a feature release, Citrix Management Console displays
information about the servers that are configured to use the feature release. The
console also displays information about feature release licenses and license counts
in use in the server farm.
When you select the Licenses node in the console, the tabs in the right pane display
the following information related to licensing:

Viewing License Numbers

The License Numbers tab displays each license number that is added to the server
farm. A license number consists of a license serial number followed by an eight-
character code. A license number can be associated with a product or connection
license for the base product (MetaFrame XP) or a feature release.
 Chapter 6 Licensing MetaFrame XP 155

Viewing Feature Release Product Licenses

The Product tab displays information about Citrix product licenses, including
feature release product licenses, that are in the server farm’s license pool. You can
use this tab to check the number of servers that are using a feature release product
license. Add the values in the Pooled in Use and Assigned in Use columns to
calculate the total number of servers that are using a feature release product license.
If the number of servers that use a feature release license is less than you expect,
check the feature release level that is specified on each server. A server does not
attempt to acquire a feature release product license if its feature release level setting
is “Not installed.” For more information, see “Setting the Feature Release Level”
on page 132.

Server configuration. The lower pane of the Summary tab displays each feature
release that servers in the server farm are configured to use. For example, if the
feature release level of any servers is Feature Release 2, the pane displays
“MetaFrame XP Feature Release 2” in the first column.
The appearance of a feature release on the Summary tab is not based on whether
feature release licenses are installed in the server farm. If you install Feature
Release 2 software, for example, or you set the feature release level manually on
any server in the farm, the feature release name appears on the Summary tab, even
if no feature release licenses are installed.
The lower pane of the Summary tab also displays the following information:
• The value in the Server Count column is the number of servers whose feature
release level is set to the feature release listed in the first column. The data is not
based on the licenses installed or in use in the server farm.
• The value in the Connection Count column is the total license count that is
installed in the server farm for the listed feature release. If you install feature
release connection licenses with license counts of 25 and 50, for example, this
column displays 75.

Note The Connection tab displays base MetaFrame XP connection licenses; it

does not display installed Feature Release 2 licenses. However, if Feature Release 2
connection licenses are installed, the total connection license count appears in the
Connection Count column in the lower pane of the Summary tab, as described
above.
 CHAPTER 7

Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers

and Farms

This chapter describes options and settings for MetaFrame XP servers and server
farms. It includes information about tools and utilities you use to manage servers
and server farms.
Some configuration options are part of MetaFrame XP Setup. For more
information, see “Installing MetaFrame XP” on page 99.

Management Tools for MetaFrame XP

Citrix provides a comprehensive suite of utilities for managing MetaFrame servers,
ICA Clients, and Citrix server farms. MetaFrame XP includes the Citrix
Management Console and additional tools, including utilities that let you manage
MetaFrame 1.8 servers when your organization uses both MetaFrame 1.8 and
MetaFrame XP.
This section provides an overview of the features and operations of MetaFrame XP
tools. MetaFrame XP Setup installs the Citrix Management Console and other tools
on the MetaFrame XP server by default when you install MetaFrame XP.

Note Citrix Management Console can be installed on 32-bit Windows

workstations (Windows NT, Windows 2000, or Windows XP) from the
MetaFrame XP CD-ROM. Browse the Autorun screens to the Citrix Management
Console option.
If you are installing the console on a Windows NT 4.0 workstation, you may need
to install the latest version of the Windows Installer, available from the Microsoft
Web site.
158 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Overview of MetaFrame XP Management Tools

The following summaries of management tools for MetaFrame XP tell you where
to find detailed information about the use of each tool.

Citrix Connection Configuration. Use this utility to configure the connections that
ICA Clients use to link to MetaFrame servers. For information, refer to the online
help in Citrix Connection Configuration and see “Configuring ICA Connections”
on page 191.

Citrix Management Console. Use this centralized administration tool to monitor and
manage many aspects of MetaFrame XP operation from single servers to multiple
server farms. For information, see “Citrix Management Console” on page 161.

Citrix Web Console Citrix Web Console lets you monitor MetaFrame XP server
farms from a supported Web browser. You can view server farm information and
manage sessions with the Web console. For more information, see “Using Setup”
on page 128 and the online help available for the console.

Citrix SSL Relay Configuration. Use this utility to secure communication between an
NFuse-enabled Web server and your MetaFrame server farm. For information, refer
to the online help in Citrix SSL Relay Configuration.

ICA Client Creator. Use this utility to create diskettes or disk images for installing
ICA Client software. For information, see “Deploying ICA Clients Using
Diskettes” on page 222.

ICA Client Update Configuration. Use this tool to manage the Client Update
Database on a MetaFrame XP server. The database contains current ICA Client
software for each supported client platform and can be used to install ICA Clients
when users log on to the server. For information, see “Deploying ICA Clients to
Users” on page 215.

Shadow Taskbar. Shadowing allows users to view and control other users’ ICA
Client sessions remotely. You can use the Shadow Taskbar to shadow sessions and
to switch among multiple shadowed sessions. You can also use Citrix Management
Console to shadow ICA sessions. For information about shadowing, see
“Shadowing ICA Sessions” on page 284.

SpeedScreen Latency Reduction Manager. Use this tool to configure local text echo
and other features that improve the user experience on slow networks. For
information, see “Setting Up Citrix SSL Relay” on page 182.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 159

Using MetaFrame XP Tools and Utilities

As with other Windows programs, you can use several methods to run the
management tools installed with MetaFrame XP. The most common method is to
choose a shortcut from the Start menu on the MetaFrame XP server console.
• Shortcuts to launch MetaFrame XP management tools are in the Programs >
Citrix > MetaFrame XP submenu on the Start menu.
• Shortcuts for Citrix Management Console and Citrix documentation are in the
Programs > Citrix submenu on the Start menu.
• The ICA Administrator Toolbar displays a series of buttons you can click to
launch Citrix management tools and utilities. See “The ICA Administrator
Toolbar” below.

The ICA Administrator Toolbar

The ICA Administrator Toolbar is a configurable desktop toolbar. You can use the
toolbar to launch MetaFrame XP management tools and other programs.
After you install MetaFrame XP and restart the system, the ICA Administrator
Toolbar appears at the right edge of the screen. The default configuration of the
toolbar provides a button to run each MetaFrame XP management utility.
To run a utility program from the toolbar, click the program’s button on the toolbar.

ICA Administrator Toolbar (floating)

You can reposition the ICA Administrator Toolbar by dragging it away from the
right edge of the screen. If you drop the toolbar on the desktop, it becomes a
floating toolbar. If you want the toolbar to snap to the edge of the screen, drag it
close to the edge and then drop it (release the mouse button) when an outline of the
toolbar appears along the edge of the screen.

Note A button for Citrix Management Console appears on the ICA Administrator
Toolbar if you install the console at the same time you install MetaFrame XP on a
server. If you install the console later, the button does not appear, but you can add it
to the toolbar as described in this section.
160 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

To display the Administrator Toolbar

When the toolbar is not displayed, you can make it appear by choosing Start >
Programs > Citrix > MetaFrame XP > ICA Administrator Toolbar.

Configuring the ICA Administrator Toolbar

You can adjust the ICA Administrator Toolbar in the same ways you can adjust
other toolbars in Windows. For example, you can drag the edge of the toolbar to
make the toolbar larger or smaller.
You can right-click the toolbar to display a toolbar menu.

Toolbar menu

The menu contains commands that you can choose to change the behavior of the
toolbar:

Autohide. Choose Autohide to make the toolbar hide itself except when you point
to it (move the mouse pointer to the screen edge where the toolbar is attached). This
option has no effect if the toolbar is floating on the desktop. To turn off the
Autohide option so the toolbar is always visible, choose Autohide again.

Always On Top. This option makes the ICA Administrator Toolbar always appear
in front of other windows and objects on the screen when it is displayed. When
Always On Top is not selected, windows and other objects can appear in front of
the toolbar when it is at the edge of the screen or floating.

Customize. Choose Customize if you want to add or remove buttons from the ICA
Administrator Toolbar. See the next section for more information about using
Customize.

Exit. Choose Exit to remove the toolbar from the screen. A dialog box asks if you
want to display the toolbar again when you start MetaFrame XP. Click Yes if you
want to display the toolbar when MetaFrame XP starts. Click No if you do not want
to display the toolbar again.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 161

Customizing the ICA Administrator Toolbar

You can use the Customize command in the ICA Toolbar menu to change the
buttons displayed on the toolbar.

To customize the toolbar

1. Right-click the ICA Administrator Toolbar and choose Customize from the
pop-up menu.
2. In the dialog box that appears, use the following options to customize the
toolbar:
• To hide a button on the toolbar, clear its check box in the list labeled Show
these files as buttons.
• To place a new button on the toolbar, click Add Files. Select the file you
want to place on the toolbar and click Add. You can select any type of file,
including executable files, help files, and text files.
• To change the order of buttons, select a button name in the list. Then, click
the arrow button above or below the word Move.
• To remove an item from the list, select its name and click Delete. You can
delete buttons and spaces that you add to the toolbar.
• To change the name of a button, select it in the list and click Rename. Then
type the new name in the dialog box and click OK.
• To add space between buttons, select an item in the list and click Add
Space. A space appears above the selected item in the list.
• To restore the default button arrangement, click Use Default.
3. When you finish making changes, click OK to update the toolbar.

Citrix Management Console

Citrix Management Console is the central console program that you use to monitor
and manage MetaFrame XP server farms. Citrix Management Console is a Java-
based, extensible program that ships with MetaFrame XP.
The features and capabilities of the console depend on the MetaFrame XP family
level installed and licensed in a server farm. The commands, controls, and features
that you see in the console can vary from the descriptions and illustrations in this
manual, depending on the components you install.
Installation Manager, Load Manager, Resource Manager, and Network Manager are
optional components that are installed with MetaFrame XPe. When these
components are installed and activated with a MetaFrame XPe license, additional
features and functions are added to Citrix Management Console.
162 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

MetaFrame XP Setup installs the console on each MetaFrame XP server by default.

You can also use the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM to install the console on other
workstations that you want to use to manage MetaFrame XP server farms.
In a MetaFrame XP server farm, use Citrix Management Console to:
• Configure server and farm settings
• Create Citrix administrator accounts and assign access to tasks
• Create policies for users or user groups
• View information about current sessions, users, and processes
• Set up and manage printers for ICA Client users
• Publish applications and monitor application usage
• Enter, activate, and assign MetaFrame XP licenses
• Monitor, reset, disconnect, and reconnect ICA Client sessions
• Send messages to users and shadow their ICA sessions

Note Scrolling with the Microsoft wheel mouse is not supported in the Citrix
Management Console.

To use Citrix Management Console, you must be a Citrix administrator. Citrix

administrators can have varying levels of access to areas of MetaFrame XP farm
management. For example, you can be a Citrix administrator but have view-only
access or even no access to some areas of MetaFrame XP administration. If you try
to access an area of the console that you are not authorized to use, the right pane of
the console may be blank.

Configuring Citrix Administrator Accounts

When you create a Citrix administrator account, you can select individual user
accounts and group accounts from Windows and NDS account authorities. For
information about management of Windows domains and user accounts, refer to
your Windows system documentation or online help. For information about
enabling NDS accounts in server farms, see “Using Citrix Management Console”
on page 166.

Tip Use your standard network administrators group to add Citrix administrator
accounts to the console, so administrators have access to manage network
resources, including print servers.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 163

Citrix administrators manage MetaFrame XP server farms. You can create Citrix
administrators accounts with the following permission levels:
• Full access to all areas of MetaFrame XP server farm management.
• View-only access to all areas of server farm management.
• Access to areas of farm management or specific tasks within those areas;
administrators can have a mixture of view-only access, write access, or no
access.

Important If you try to access an area of the console that you are not authorized to
use, the right pane of the console may be blank.
Restricting access to areas of farm management may not prevent administrators
from running some MetaFrame XP command line utilities.
To take full advantage of new features, Citrix recommends that you do not mix
releases of MetaFrame XP in the same server farm. For example, do not run Feature
Release 1 on some servers in the server farm and Feature Release 2 on other servers
in the same farm.
If you use a version of Citrix Management Console released prior to MetaFrame
XP, Feature Release 2 to connect to a MetaFrame XP server running a version of
MetaFrame XP released prior to Feature Release 2, custom settings applied to
Citrix administrators accounts are not recognized.

During MetaFrame XP setup, you must enter credentials for a primary Citrix
administrator. If you are installing the first MetaFrame XP server in a new server
farm, the user account that you specify becomes the first Citrix administrator for the
new server farm. This Citrix administrator account has full access to all areas of
MetaFrame XP. You must log on to Citrix Management Console with this account
to add other users to the Citrix Administrators group.

Note One Citrix administrator account that has full access must always exist in the
server farm. Therefore, no administrator can delete the last full access Citrix
administrator account from the Citrix Administrators group.

Creating Customized Citrix Administrators

You can delegate areas of MetaFrame XP administration and farm management to
your IT staff. You can create specialized Citrix administrators and allow them to
perform specific administration tasks such as managing printers, published
applications, or user policies. Citrix administrators can carry out their assigned
tasks without being granted full access to all areas of farm management.
164 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

The level of permission to grant for various areas of farm management depends on
the specific business function of the administrator. For example, your system or
network administrators may need complete access to all areas of farm and server
management, while help desk personnel may need view-only access to most areas.
You can also grant access to MetaFrame XP features and functions without granting
access to Citrix Management Console.
To add users to the Citrix Administrator group, a Citrix administrator with full
access logs on to Citrix Management Console and creates other administrator
accounts.

Important If you recreate the server farm’s data store database, a Citrix
administrator account with full administration rights is created using the local
administrator account credentials. Be sure to create a new Citrix administrator with
full administration rights in Citrix Management Console. Doing so replaces the
default Citrix administrator account that uses the local administrator credentials.
Be sure to back up any database before you attempt to recreate it.

To create Citrix administrator accounts and assign tasks

1. Right-click the Citrix Administrators node in the left pane of the console and
choose Add Citrix Administrator. The first page of the Add Citrix
Administrator wizard appears.

Tip You can click the New Citrix Administrator button on the toolbar or
choose Actions > New > Citrix Administrator to add accounts to the Citrix
Administrators group.

2. Select the user account or group accounts that you want to add to the Citrix
Administrators group and then click Add.
Click Add List of Names to enter user names in a separate dialog box. Select
Show Users to display all user names in the selected domain.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 165

3. Click Next when you have added the users or groups to the list of configured
accounts. The second and final page of the Add Citrix Administrators wizard
appears.

4. Select the level of permission you want this Citrix administrator account to
have.
Select View Only to allow view-only access to all areas of MetaFrame XP
administration. Select Full Administration to allow full access to all areas.
5. To grant access to only some areas of MetaFrame XP administration, select the
areas or specific tasks within an area you want the administrator to be able to
access.
For example, you can create one Citrix administrator account that has full
access to all printer management tasks, but view-only access to published
application information.
166 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important You can deny access to Citrix Management Console and Citrix Web
Console by expanding the Citrix Administrators node and clearing the check mark
from the Log on to Citrix Management Console task. This capability is allowed
by default for all new Citrix administrator accounts.

Using Citrix Management Console

To use Citrix Management Console, you must be an authorized user whose
Windows user account is included in the Citrix Administrators group in the console.
To run the console, you must enter your user name, password, and network domain.
To log on to a Citrix server farm with the console, specify any Citrix server in the
server farm. The console connects to the Citrix server and then displays information
for the entire Citrix server farm and for the individual servers in the farm.
In the Log On dialog box for the console, the name of the last server that the
console connected to appears in the Citrix Server box. The drop-down menu
displays the names of other servers that the console has connected to recently.

Important You can use Citrix Management Console to monitor and manage
MetaFrame XP server farms. However, you cannot use the console to manage
MetaFrame 1.8 server farms. When MetaFrame XP servers are set to interoperate
with MetaFrame 1.8 servers, the console displays information about
MetaFrame XP server farms only.

To use Citrix Management Console

1. From the Start menu, choose Programs > Citrix > Citrix Management
Console, or click the corresponding button on the ICA Administrator Toolbar.
2. When the console starts, a dialog box asks you to log on to a MetaFrame XP
server.
• In the Citrix Server box, enter the name of a MetaFrame XP server in the
server farm, or select a server from the drop-down menu. You can connect to
any server in a farm to manage the entire farm.
• Type your user name, domain, and password for your Windows user
account. The account must be in the Citrix Administrators group in the
console.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 167

3. Click OK.

Tip You can click the Citrix Management Console button on the ICA
Administrator’s toolbar to launch the console.

Switching Server Farms and Logging Off

When you are using the console and you want to log on to a different Citrix server
farm, choose Actions > Log Off from Citrix Farm. The Log On dialog box
appears and you can specify another Citrix server to log on to. You also use the Log
Off from Citrix Farm command to exit the console if you do not want to keep the
console running.

Using Online Help in Citrix Management Console

For detailed information about using Citrix Management Console, refer to online
help in the console.

To view online help in Citrix Management Console

When Citrix Management Console is running, choose Help > Contents and Index.
The online help system provides detailed information about terms, concepts, and
procedures related to management of Citrix server farms.

Data Displayed in Citrix Management Console

When you are connected to a Citrix server farm, Citrix Management Console
displays a window with two main parts, called panes.
• The left pane shows a hierarchical list of the components of a Citrix server farm.
• The right pane displays information about the object selected in the left pane.
168 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Tree Tab

Left pane Right pane

Several common terms are used in this and other Citrix documentation to refer to
the items you see in the Citrix Management Console window.

The Tree View

The list of items in the left pane is referred to as a tree, because the pane displays
the server farm as a hierarchy, with objects that branch off from a root object. The
tree view is similar to the tree view in Windows Explorer and Microsoft
Management Console.
The object at the top of the tree in Citrix Management Console represents a Citrix
IMA-based server farm. The next level of objects under the server farm represent
management features and components in the server farm. These objects are called
nodes. In a MetaFrame XP environment, the nodes represent Applications, Printer
Management, Licenses, and Servers.
Objects that appear under the nodes in the console tree view represent specific
features and items in the server farm. For example, individual published
applications appear under the Applications node and individual Citrix servers
appear under the Servers node.
The function of the console tree is similar to the Windows Explorer tree.
• A plus symbol (+) indicates that a branch of the tree is compressed. Click the
symbol or select the node and press the right-arrow key to expand the branch.
• A minus symbol (-) indicates that a branch is expanded. Click the minus symbol
or select the node and press the left-arrow key to compress the branch and hide
the objects under the node.
When an object is selected, the object appears highlighted in the tree. To select
another object, you can click the object or use the arrow keys to move the highlight.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 169

You cannot select multiple objects in the console tree. However, you can select
multiple objects on the Contents tab in the right pane by pressing CTRL and
clicking each object or pressing Shift and clicking to select a contiguous range of
objects.

Tab Views
The right pane of the console displays one or more screens, which are called tabs
because each screen has a tab-shaped label at the top. The tab or tabs that are
available in the right pane are based on the node or object that is selected in the tree.
The name of the tab appears at the top of each tab. One tab at a time is selected in
the right pane, and the contents of one tab appear in the right pane. To use a
different tab, click its name.
In most cases, a Contents tab appears in the right pane when you select a node in
the tree. The Contents tab displays the objects that are under the selected node. You
can double-click an object on the Contents tab to open the object; this action has
the same effect as expanding a branch and selecting an individual object such as a
published application or a Citrix server in the tree.

Controlling Refresh of Data in the Console

To reduce network traffic and improve responsiveness, the Citrix Management
Console does not refresh all data automatically. In general, the console receives
notifications of events as they occur on Citrix servers and updates the displayed
data in response to these events. However, some changes you make in the console
and some events, such as a server coming online in the farm or an ICA session
starting, does not cause the console to update the displayed data.
You can enable automatic data refresh so that the console automatically updates the
display at a fixed rate. When you enable automatic refresh, you can specify the
refresh rate. Whether automatic refresh is enabled or not, you can refresh the
console’s display manually at any time.
Refresh the console display when you view license usage data. Even if automatic
refresh is enabled, the display of license usage data might not be current until you
perform a manual refresh. When you view data about ICA sessions and servers, it is
also useful to refresh the display manually to be sure that you view current
information.

To refresh the data displayed in Citrix Management Console

Choose View > Refresh or press F5. The Refresh command updates the
information that appears on the current tab and tree view.
170 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

To enable automatic refresh of data in Citrix Management Console

To enable all automatic refresh options in Citrix Management Console, you must
enable automatic refresh for servers, server folders, applications, and licensing.
1. Choose View > Auto Refresh Settings from the View menu.
2. In the Auto Refresh Interval dialog box, you can select options to enable
automatic data refresh for servers, server folders, and applications. After you
enable an option, you can set the refresh interval. Enter the time in seconds to
set the interval at which automatic refresh occurs.
3. Click OK to apply the refresh settings to the console.
4. Select the Licenses node in the tree and choose Actions > License > Auto
Refresh Settings.
5. Select the option to enable licensing and enter the time in seconds to set the data
refresh interval.
6. Click OK to apply the refresh settings to the console.

Citrix Web Console

Citrix Web Console lets you monitor MetaFrame XP server farms by using a Web
browser. You can view information about a server farm, including its active
sessions, published applications, servers, and users.
With the Web console, you can also manage sessions by logging off sessions,
shadowing sessions, disconnecting sessions, and sending messages to users, the
same as you would with Citrix Management Console.
You can use the MetaFrame XP CD to install the Web console on MetaFrame XP
servers or on servers not running MetaFrame XP. From the Autorun screen, browse
to the option to install the Web console.
The Web console server must be in the same security context as the MetaFrame
server. Local accounts work only if the Web console server is also acting as a
MetaFrame server. You cannot use Novell Directory Services (NDS) accounts with
the Web console.
For more information about using the Citrix Web Console on a computer that is not
running MetaFrame, see Advanced Concepts for MetaFrame XP, available from the
Citrix Web site. This document is revised for each new feature release, so be sure to
read the latest version.
Citrix Web Console supports Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0 and later Web
browsers.
To use Citrix Web Console, the server must have Microsoft Internet Information
Services (IIS) 5.0 (or later) installed.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 171

Important Citrix Web Console does not encrypt information that it sends to Web
browsers. When a user logs on to the console, the user’s Citrix administrator
credentials are sent to the Web console as unencrypted text. For maximum security,
configure your Web browser and IIS to use SSL encryption. For information about
setting up SSL communication, refer to the documentation for IIS and your Web
browser.

After you install the Web console, the default URL for accessing the console is
http://hostname/Citrix/WebConsole, where hostname is the name of the
MetaFrame XP server on which the Web console is installed.
When you browse to the URL for the Web console, a logon dialog box appears.
Enter your Citrix administrator username and password to log on to the console. If
the Citrix administrator account is not a local administrator account on the host
server, you must enter the domain and username in the User Name box, as follows:
domain/username
For more information about using the Web console, log on to the console and click
Help.

Configuring MetaFrame XP Properties

Configuring options and settings for MetaFrame XP servers and Citrix server farms
takes place in two stages. First, you set options when you install MetaFrame XP on
the first server in a server farm and on other servers that you add to the farm. Then,
as the server farm is operating, you can adjust settings on individual servers and set
options for the server farm using the Citrix Management Console.

Setup options. Some configuration options are available only during

MetaFrame XP setup. For example, you choose the name of a server farm when
you install MetaFrame XP on the first server in the farm. If you set restrictions on
ICA shadowing during setup, the restrictions are permanent on the MetaFrame XP
server. For details about setup options for MetaFrame XP servers and server farms,
see “Installing MetaFrame XP” on page 99.

Operating options. After you create a MetaFrame XP server farm, you can use
Citrix Management Console to change settings such as ICA display options and to
manage ICA sessions on individual servers. You also use the console to configure
options that affect performance, zone configuration, and interoperation with
MetaFrame 1.8 servers for the entire server farm.
172 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Properties of MetaFrame XP Server Farms

After you log on to a server in the farm with Citrix Management Console, the
console title bar displays the name of the server farm. In the left pane of the console,
the farm name is the label of the main node at the top of the tree.

Farm node

This section describes ways to manage farm configuration after you install
MetaFrame XP. For options you can configure only during MetaFrame XP setup,
see “Installing MetaFrame XP” on page 99.
MetaFrame XP also includes some commands that you can run from the command
prompt to monitor and configure servers. For information about these commands,
see “Command Reference,” Appendix A in this manual.

Using the Farm Properties Dialog Box

To configure Citrix server farm properties, log on to the console and select the
server farm node in the console tree. The server farm is represented by the first
node, at the top of the tree in the left pane of the console. The label of the server
farm node is the name of the server farm.
Most configuration options and settings for a Citrix server farm are available in the
Properties dialog box for the farm in Citrix Management Console. When you
configure farm settings, the settings apply to the entire farm, including servers that
are temporarily offline.
To display the Properties dialog box for the server farm, select the farm node and
choose Properties. The Properties command is available in the Actions menu, on
the console toolbar, and from the menu that appears when you right-click the farm
node.
Configuration options for the server farm appear on tabs in the Properties dialog
box. All of the settings in the dialog box apply to the entire farm. Some settings
affect each MetaFrame XP server in the farm. Other settings apply to the farm’s
data store, which all servers in the farm use to store and retrieve farm configuration
information.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 173

When you make changes in the Properties dialog box, the changes do not take
effect until you click OK, which closes the dialog box and applies all the current
settings. If you click Cancel, the dialog box closes and all changes you made in the
dialog box are discarded.
For information about specific options, click the Help button in the Properties
dialog box.

ICA Display Options

Use the ICA Settings tab to configure the transmission of display information and
application graphics to clients.
You can optimize the display for ICA Clients by adjusting the amount of memory
used for graphics and selecting other options that conserve bandwidth for ICA
display transmission.
ICA uses highly optimized protocols to send the screen display of applications to
ICA Client users. On standard (non-dialup) networks, the default settings are
designed for optimum performance. You do not need to reconfigure ICA display
settings under most circumstances. However, you can adjust these settings for better
performance when many users dial in to your server farm, or users’ network access
includes slow WAN links.
In the Resource Limits area, you can set a maximum amount of memory to be used
on the MetaFrame XP servers for ICA display.

Note You can use the ICA Settings tab and the TWCONFIG utility (see
“MetaFrame XP Command Reference,” Appendix A) to set the maximum amount
of memory used for an ICA session on the MetaFrame XP server.

You might want to set a memory limit that accommodates typical sessions but
prevents excessive memory usage by sessions that specify extremely large display
sizes, such as 32,000 by 32,000 pixels at 24 bits per pixel, for example. If a session
exceeds the memory limit that you set, the server scales down the session to a lower
resolution to accommodate the memory limit.
When the memory limit forces the server to degrade the session, the option you
choose on the ICA Settings tab specifies whether the server reduces the session
display size (resolution) or color depth.

Effects of Memory Limits on Seamless ICA Sessions

When an ICA Client initiates a session in seamless mode, the size of the session is
equivalent to a full-screen session. For example, a seamless session initiated by a
client with a desktop size of 1,600 by 1,200 pixels, at 24 bits per pixel color depth,
requires 5,760,000 bytes (5.5MB) of memory.
174 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

When a client device running Windows 98 or Windows 2000 has multiple

monitors, the total desktop size is the total of both monitors, and the memory
required for a seamless session is based on the total display size of both monitors.
If you set a memory limit that is less than that required for the display size and color
depth, the server scales down the session. If the option to reduce the resolution of
the session is selected on the ICA Settings tab in the console, the application
launches in a remote desktop rather than a seamless mode window. If the option to
reduce color depth is selected, the server might be able to accommodate a seamless
mode session at a lower color depth.

General MetaFrame XP Options

Use the MetaFrame Settings tab to control communication and other aspects of
IMA, the Citrix protocol for communication among servers in your server farm.
You also use this tab to change the way MetaFrame XP servers respond to
broadcasts from ICA Client users.

Setting up Response to ICA Client Broadcasts

With the options in the Broadcast Response area on the MetaFrame Settings tab,
you can control whether the data collectors and RAS servers in your server farm
respond to UDP broadcasts from ICA Clients.
You might want servers to respond to broadcasts if you have legacy ICA Clients
that require this, or if all your ICA Clients use TCP/IP (rather than TCP/IP + HTTP)
to auto-locate MetaFrame servers.
Select the option Data Collectors respond to ICA Client broadcast (UDP)
messages if your ICA Clients do not have a specific server address specified for
locating applications in the server farm and use TCP/IP protocol to auto-locate
MetaFrame servers.
To use the UDP response option, you must also configure the server farm of
MetaFrame XP servers to interoperate with a server farm of MetaFrame 1.8 servers.
To do this, select Work with MetaFrame 1.8 Servers on the Interoperability tab
in the Properties dialog box for the MetaFrame XP server farm. If you do not
select this option, and MetaFrame XP detects MetaFrame 1.8 ICA Browsers on the
same network subnet, it disables the broadcast response.
If you have ICA Client users who dial in to MetaFrame XP servers using RAS,
select RAS servers respond to ICA Client broadcast messages. Because a dial-in
client communicates only with the RAS server and cannot contact ICA Browsers or
data collectors to locate the server farm’s published applications, this option lets the
dial-in clients locate applications in the server farm.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 175

Important If two server farms of MetaFrame XP servers are on the same subnet
and both farms respond to ICA Client broadcasts, the ICA Clients will have
problems browsing for published applications in the server farms.

Content Redirection from Server to Client

Enable Content Redirection from server to client for the entire server farm on the
MetaFrame Settings tab. When you enable Content Redirection from server to
client, embedded URLs are intercepted on the MetaFrame server and sent to the
ICA Client using the ICA Control virtual channel. The user’s locally installed
browser is used to play the URL. Users cannot disable this feature. You can use the
farm-wide setting, or enable the feature on selected servers only.

ICA Client Time Zones

If users connect to the server farm from different time zones, you can configure the
farm to support the local time zones of client devices. Not all ICA Clients support
this feature; refer to the ICA Client Administrator’s Guides for more information.
Local time zone support provides correct local date and time stamps on files created
by clients.
To enable local time zone support, select the option in the Client Time Zones area.
For ICA Clients that do not report their local time zone to MetaFrame XP servers,
the local time is estimated. You can disable local time estimation if this option
causes incorrect local time display in ICA Clients.

SNMP License Notification

If you use an SNMP-based network management product, the MetaFrame XP
SNMP Agent can send traps if the usage of Citrix licenses in the server farm
exceeds thresholds that you specify.
You can select options to enable SNMP traps on the SNMP tab in the Properties
dialog box for individual servers or for the farm.
To enable SNMP notification messages on a farm-wide basis, select Enable SNMP
Agent on the SNMP tab in the Properties dialog box for the farm.
In the Set box, enter the percentage of available pooled licenses (or of licenses
assigned to a server) below which the SNMP Agent alerts the management product.
The alert status remains in effect until the percentage of available pooled licenses
(or of licenses assigned to a server) exceeds the value in the Reset box.
176 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

SNMP notification is available when you install the Citrix plug-ins for Tivoli
NetView, HP OpenView, or CA Unicenter TNG network management consoles.
For information about which SNMP management consoles you can use with
Network Manager, see the documentation for Network Manager in the Docs
directory on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM.

Configuring MetaFrame XP Server Properties

In addition to settings for an entire farm, you can configure settings for individual
MetaFrame XP servers in the farm through Citrix Management Console. You can
access most server configuration options from the Properties dialog box for each
server.
When you change settings for a server’s properties, the console applies the settings
immediately if the server is available. If the server is offline or busy, the console
applies the settings as soon as the server becomes available.
This section describes ways to manage server configuration after you install
MetaFrame XP. For options you can configure only during MetaFrame XP setup,
see “Installing MetaFrame XP” on page 99. MetaFrame XP also includes some
commands you run from the command prompt to monitor and configure servers.
For information about these commands, see “Command Reference,” Appendix A.

Using the Server Properties Dialog Box

To configure the settings of an individual server, select the server under the Servers
node in the console tree. Then choose the Properties command from the Actions
menu, the console toolbar, or by right-clicking. The Properties command displays
the Properties dialog box for the selected server. This dialog box contains several
tabs with options and settings that apply to a MetaFrame XP server. The settings
that you configure in the Properties dialog box apply to the selected server only.
For example, you can configure SNMP traps on the SNMP tab in a server’s
Properties dialog box. These SNMP settings apply to a single server. If you select
the farm node and use the Properties dialog box, you can set SNMP settings that
apply to all servers in the server farm.

Note The Servers node in the console tree does not include a Properties dialog
box. When you want to apply settings to multiple servers, you use the Farm node or
another node in the console tree.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 177

Use the Properties dialog box for servers to view and configure the following:

Published application information. On the Published Applications tab, view the

names, status, connection type, and other information about the applications that are
published on a selected server.

SNMP traps. On the SNMP tab, you can enable the Citrix SNMP Agent and select
the events that trigger SNMP messages on the selected server. For more
information, see “SNMP License Notification” on page 175.

Server and network information. The Information tab displays software, network,
and licensing information for the selected server. This tab shows the versions of
Windows and Citrix software that are installed and the installation date. The tab
also displays the product code that is assigned to the server, which specifies the type
of product license that the server uses. You can also verify that logons by ICA
Client users are enabled and check the network address on this tab.

Product code. The Information tab displays the product code that is set on the
selected server. The product code specifies the type of product license the server
uses from the server farm’s license pool. You cannot change the product code on
this tab. However, you can change the product code if necessary for the server to
use the correct license from the license pool. You might want to change the product
code if you purchase a product upgrade or a full retail license for a server that uses
an evaluation license. For more information about product codes and licensing, see
“Product Codes” on page 140.

Installed hotfixes. On the Hotfixes tab, you can view a list of Citrix hotfixes that are
installed on the selected server. The tab displays the name and installation date of
each hotfix that is installed.

ICA Settings options. The options on the ICA Settings tab affect graphics and
video display on ICA Clients. These settings apply to the applications that run on
the selected server. The options let you conserve bandwidth used to transmit
graphics to ICA Clients and to specify the size of the memory buffer to use for
graphics display. You can configure these settings for all servers in the farm by
using the ICA Settings tab in the Properties dialog box for the farm.

ICA Browser and logon settings. The MetaFrame Settings tab displays various
configuration settings for the selected server. The tab contains options that affect the
selected server’s response to UDP broadcasts from ICA Clients. UDP broadcasts
allow ICA Clients to browse for published applications in a server farm that
includes ICA Browser-based MetaFrame servers. Other options let you control the
logging of shadowing events on the server.
178 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Citrix XML Service. The MetaFrame Settings tab displays the port used by the
Citrix XML service for TCP/IP+HTTP browsing by ICA Clients. This setting
cannot be edited here, but you can change the port for a server with a command. To
change the port setting, at the system command prompt, type ctxxmlss /rxxxxx,
with the actual port number following /r. This configures the service to auto start on
port xxxxx. To activate the new settings, you have to stop and start the service.

Content Redirection from Server to Client. Enable Content Redirection from server
to client for the selected server on the MetaFrame Settings tab. When you enable
Content Redirection from server to client, embedded URLs are intercepted on the
MetaFrame server and sent to the ICA Client using the ICA Control virtual channel.
The user’s locally installed browser is used to play the URL. Users cannot disable
this feature. You can use the farm-wide setting, or enable the feature on the selected
server only.

Controlling printer bandwidth. If you want to limit the bandwidth that

MetaFrame XP uses for printing by clients, you can enter a value on the Printer
Bandwidth tab. To remove a bandwidth limit, select the Unlimited option. This
setting applies to the selected server. You can view the current setting for each
server on the Bandwidth tab when you select Printer Management in the console
tree.
For more information about client printing and bandwidth, see “Bandwidth Tab” on
page 297.

Selecting Other Settings to Configure

To change some settings for individual servers, you use the Licenses, Printer
Management, and Applications nodes in the Citrix Management Console tree.
You can:
• Assign licenses to servers and monitor license usage from the Licenses node
• Publish applications on servers and monitor application usage through the
Applications node
• View and replicate printer drivers installed on servers from the Printer
Management node
Select individual MetaFrame XP servers to configure settings that are not
associated with application publishing, printer management, or licensing.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 179

Configuring Zones and Data Collectors

In a MetaFrame XP server farm, a zone is a grouping of MetaFrame XP servers that
share a common data collector, which is a MetaFrame XP server that receives
information from all the servers in the zone.
By default, all servers in a farm that are on the same network subnet belong to the
same zone. You can use the Zones tab in the Properties dialog box to create and
configure additional zones, to change the zones of MetaFrame XP servers, and to
configure zone data collectors.

Important If you change a server’s zone membership (move the server to another
zone), incorrect information can appear in Citrix Management Console until the
server updates the data collector. To ensure data synchronization, restart a
MetaFrame XP server after you change its zone membership.

Zones are designed to enhance the performance of a Citrix server farm by allowing
geographically related servers to be grouped together, whether they are connected
to the same network subnet or not.
• If all the servers in a farm are in one location, you can configure the farm with a
single zone without causing slower performance or making the farm more
difficult to manage.
• If you manage an enterprise server farm with servers in different geographic
regions, you can place servers into zones based on the location of the servers.
This can improve performance and make management of the farm more
efficient.
On the Zones tab in Citrix Management Console, you can view the servers that
belong to each zone in the farm. You can create, delete, and rename zones. To
change the membership of a server from one zone to another, select the server from
the list of servers in the zone and then move the server to another zone.

Functions of Data Collectors

Each zone in a server farm contains one Citrix server that is designated as the data
collector for the zone. Data collectors store information about the servers and
published applications in the server farm. The data collector knows the addresses of
each server and the applications that are available on each server in the zone.

Note Data collectors in IMA-based server farms are similar in function to ICA
Browsers in MetaFrame 1.8 server farms. However, data collectors use TCP/IP for
server-to-server communication. ICA Browsers use UDP for server-to-server
communication.
180 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Citrix server farm

Zone 1 Zone 2

DC DC

LAN WAN link LAN

In a server farm with zones connected by a WAN link, only the data collectors (DC)
need to communicate over WAN. Individual servers communicate mainly with data
collectors in their zones.

Data collectors are communication gateways between zones in server farms that
have more than one zone. Each data collector communicates with the other data
collectors in other zones in the server farm.
Because data collectors serve as communication gateways among zones, every
server in the farm does not need to communicate with every other server. Servers
that are separated by long distance and slow communication links do not add
communication traffic to the server farm. Only data collectors send messages
between zones.

Tip Because of the way data collectors concentrate communication among the
servers in a farm, use zones if you have a geographically diverse farm.

Election of Data Collectors

A zone in a Citrix server farm elects, or selects, a data collector for the zone if a new
server joins the zone or the current data collector becomes unavailable. A data
collector becomes unavailable if the server goes down or is disconnected from the
network, or if you move the server to another zone.
When a zone elects a new data collector, it uses a preference ranking of the servers
in the zone. You can set the preference ranking for the servers in a zone on the
Zones tab in the server farm’s Properties dialog box.
Each zone has four levels of preference for election of data collectors. The
preference levels, in order from highest to lowest preference, are:
1. Most Preferred
2. Preferred
3. Default Preference
4. Not Preferred
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 181

All servers in a zone are assigned to one of the four election preference levels.
When the zone elects a new data collector, it tries to select a server from the first
preference level. If no servers at this level are available, the zone selects a server
from the second level, and so on.
When you create a farm, the election preference for all servers is Default
Preference, except for the first server added to the zone, which is set to Most
Preferred and is the zone’s initial data collector.
On the Zones tab in the console, a colored symbol appears next to each server name
to indicate the election preference setting.
You can change the default election preference to designate a specific server as the
data collector. To do this, set the election preference for the server to Most
Preferred. If you do not want some servers to be data collectors, set the election
preference for those servers to Not Preferred.
Assign servers that you do not want to become data collectors (except as a last
resort) to the Not Preferred level.

Tip In large server farms and enterprise networks with high client traffic, you can
reduce the possibility of data collector performance issues by using dedicated data
collectors. You can do this by setting up data collectors on MetaFrame XP servers
that do not host applications for client sessions.

Setting the Election Preference for Data Collectors

To change a server’s data collector election preference, select the server in the list
on the Zones tab and click Set Preference. In the dialog box, select the election
preference level to assign to the server.
To designate a specific server to be a zone’s data collector when the next election
occurs, make sure that the server has the highest election preference. You can do
this by making the server the only one set to Most Preferred level, for example. The
zone will elect the server to be the data collector when the next election occurs.
If you create a new zone, the first server that you move to the new zone becomes the
zone’s data collector, and its preference level is set to Most Preferred.
Zones do not maintain backup data collectors. Instead, the data store for the entire
Citrix server farm maintains information that is used by each data collector.
182 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Setting Up Citrix SSL Relay

The Citrix SSL Relay can secure communications between ICA Clients, NFuse
Classic Web servers, and MetaFrame XP servers using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
or Transport Layer Security (TLS).
By default, the Citrix SSL Relay service listens on TCP port 443, the standard port
for the SSL protocol. You can configure the SSL Relay to listen on any TCP port,
but the port must be open on firewalls to MetaFrame XP servers running the SSL
Relay.

Note When you install MetaFrame XP, Feature Release 2, members of the User
group are allowed to edit registry entries in the registry hive
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Secure\Citrix\Citrix SSL Relay.
You can use the Microsoft Security Configuration and Analysis tool to prevent
members of the User group from editing these registry entries.

Important If you change the default Citrix SSL Relay port, you must set
SSLProxyHost to the new port number in the ICA Win32 Client’s Appsrv.ini file.
For more information about client settings, see the ICA Win32 Client
Administrator’s Guide.

To configure the SSL Relay

1. Obtain a server certificate.
2. Change the SSL Relay port number, if necessary. To use the SSL Relay and
Internet Information Services (IIS) on the same server, you must change the port
number used by IIS or the SSL Relay. See “Changing the SSL Relay Port” on
page 187.
3. Install the server certificate on the SSL Relay server.
4. Select the allowed ciphersuites. See the online application help for the SSL
Relay Configuration tool for instructions.
5. Change the target address or port, or add additional addresses for redundancy.
See the application help for the SSL Relay Configuration tool for instructions.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 183

Obtaining and Installing Server Certificates

Your organization’s security expert should have a procedure for obtaining server
certificates. A separate server certificate is needed for each MetaFrame XP server
on which you use the Citrix SSL Relay. Instructions for generating server
certificates using various Web server products are on the VeriSign Web site at
http://www.verisign.com.

Important The common name for the certificate must be the fully-qualified
domain name of the server.

Citrix NFuse Classic and the Citrix ICA Clients include native support for the
following certificate authorities:
• VeriSign, Inc., http://www.verisign.com
• Baltimore Technologies, http://www.baltimore.com
To use a different certificate authority, you must install a root certificate for the
certificate authority on your client devices. See the documentation for the client
operating system for instructions about installing a root certificate.

Importing an Existing Certificate

If you have certificates that were used for the previous version of SSL Relay, you
can use the PEMtoPVK utility to convert PEM-formatted certificates into
PVK-formatted certificates, which can then be imported into the Microsoft
Certificate store.
If you already have a server certificate installed in IIS, you can use it with the Citrix
SSL Relay. See “To use the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) to import an
existing certificate” below.

To convert a PEM format certificate to PVK format

At the command prompt, type:
pemtopfx <space> <pem cert path>
The PEMtoPVK utility creates a new PVK-formatted certificate file that can be
imported into the correct Microsoft Certificate store.

Important You can import a PEM-formatted certificate directly; however, this will
not maintain the private key and invalidates the certificate for use with the SSL
Relay.
184 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

To use the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) to import an existing

certificate
1. Run the Microsoft Management Console by choosing Start > Run, typing
mmc, and clicking OK.
2. If you do not see a Console Root folder, you must add the Certificates Snap-in.
1. From the Console menu, choose Add/Remove Snap-in. The Add/Remove
Snap-in dialog box appears.
2. Click Add. The Add Standalone Snap-in dialog box appears.
3. Select Certificates and click Add. The Certificates snap-in dialog box
appears.
4. Click Computer account and then click Next. The Select Computer
dialog box appears.
5. Verify that Local computer is selected and then click Finish.
6. Click Close to close the Add Standalone Snap-in dialog box.
7. Click OK to close the Add/Remove Snap-in dialog box.
3. In the left pane of the console, click the plus sign for Certificates (Local
Computer) to expand the folder.
4. In the left pane of the console, click the plus sign for Personal and then click
Certificates.
If the Personal\Certificate store already contains a certificate for the computer,
the following steps can be omitted.
5. In the right pane of the console, right-click the certificate to import, select All
Tasks, and then click Import. The Certificate Import wizard appears.
6. Click Next and then click Browse to search for the certificate file to be
imported.
7. Select the certificate file and click Next.
8. Enter the private key password in the Password box and click Next.
9. Click Next to accept the default values in the next window and then click Finish
to import the certificate.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 185

Requesting a Certificate Using the Microsoft Management

Console
The MMC certificate snap-in can be used only to request certificates if the server is
part of an active directory domain that has a Microsoft Certificate Server installed.
See the Microsoft documentation for further details.

Requesting a Certificate Using IIS

If you already have a certificate for an HTTPS Web server, you can use this
certificate for SSL Relay. In this instance you can omit the following steps and
directly configure SSL Relay.

To create a certificate request using the IIS

1. Run Internet Services Manager.
2. Click the plus sign (+) next to the Web site in the left pane.
3. Right-click Default Web Site and choose Properties. The Default Web Site
Properties dialog box appears.
4. Select the Directory Security tab and click Server Certificate. The Welcome
to the Web Server Certificate wizard appears.
5. Click Next and select Create a New Certificate.
6. Click Next and select Prepare the Request Now, but send it later.
7. In Bit Length, enter the bit length to be used for the certificate’s encryption
strength. Citrix recommends that you select 1024 or higher. Click Next.
8. Enter details in the Organization Information field and click Next.
9. Ensure that the Common Name matches the FQDN of the MetaFrame server
on which the SSL Relay will run and click Next.
10. Enter details into the Geographical Information field and click Next.
11. Type the path and file name for the certificate request, or accept the default
value, and click Next.
12. Ensure that the information in the Request File Summary is correct. Click
Next and then Finish.
The information in the Certificate Signing Request can be sent to any Certificate
Authority for signing.
186 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

To import a certificate from the Certificate Authority

1. Run Internet Services Manager.
2. Click the plus sign (+) next to the Web site in the left pane.
3. Right-click Default Web Site and choose Properties. The Default Web Site
Properties dialog box appears.
4. Select the Directory Security tab and click Server Certificate. The Welcome
to the Web Server Certificate wizard appears.
5. Click Next and select Process Pending Request.
6. Ensure that the path for the certificate file is correct; otherwise select Browse to
search for the file.
7. Click Next.
8. Ensure that the information is correct. Click Next and then Finish.
Microsoft Internet Information Services saves the certificate in the Local
Computer\Personal store so that the certificate can also be used by SSL Relay.

Exporting a Certificate Using the Microsoft Management Console

Before you can install the server certificate on SSL Relay, you must export the
certificate to PKCS #12 (Personal Information Exchange Syntax Standard) format.

To export a certificate
1. Run the Microsoft Management Console and load the snap-in for
Certificates. The Certificates snap-in dialog box appears.
2. Select Computer Account and click Next. The Select Computer dialog box
appears.
3. Select Local Computer and click Finish.
4. Click Close and then OK.
5. In the console tree, select Certificates > Personal > Certificates. A list of
available certificates is displayed in the right pane.
6. In the details pane, click the certificate you want to export.
7. From the Action menu, choose All Tasks > Export. The Certificate Export
wizard screen appears. Click Next.
8. In the Export Private Key dialog box, select Yes, export the private key.
(This option appears only if the private key is marked as exportable and you
have access to the private key.) Click Next.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 187

9. In the Export File Format dialog box, check the Enable strong protection
box. Click Next.
10. In the Password dialog box, type a password to encrypt the private key you are
exporting. Take precautions to keep the specified password safe because you are
required to enter this password when you install the certificate. Click Next.
11. In the File to Export dialog box, type a file name and path (for example,
filename.pfx) for the PKCS #12 file that will store the exported certificate and
private key. Click Next.
12. Click Finish to complete certificate export.
You can now import the certificate into SSL Relay. See “To use the Microsoft
Management Console (MMC) to import an existing certificate” on page 184.

Changing the SSL Relay Port

The Citrix SSL Relay uses TCP port 443, the standard port for SSL connections.
Most firewalls open this port by default. You can optionally configure the SSL
Relay to use another port. Be sure that the port you choose is open on any firewalls
between the client devices and the MetaFrame XP server running the SSL Relay.

Important Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) Version 5.0 is installed by

default on Windows 2000 Servers and allocates port 443 for SSL connections. To
run MetaFrame XP on Windows 2000 Server, you must configure IIS to use a
different port or configure the SSL Relay to use a different port. You must install a
server certificate on IIS before you change the port number. The following
procedure includes instructions for adding a server certificate to IIS. You can use
the same server certificate with IIS and the SSL Relay.

To change the SSL port for Internet Information Services Version 5.0
1. Run Internet Services Manager.
2. Click the plus sign (+) next to the Web site in the left pane.
3. Right-click Default Web Site and choose Properties. The Default Web Site
Properties dialog box appears.
4. Select the Directory Security tab and click Server Certificate. The Welcome
to the Web Server Certificate wizard appears. Follow the instructions in the
wizard to create or import a certificate.
5. When your server certificate is installed, select the Web Site tab in the Default
Web Site Properties dialog box.
6. Change the SSL port number to something other than 443.
188 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

7. Click OK to close the Default Web Site Properties dialog box.

To change the Citrix SSL Relay port number

1. Choose Start > Programs > Citrix > MetaFrame XP > Citrix SSL Relay
Configuration Tool to run the SSL Relay configuration utility.
2. On the Connection tab, type the new port number in the Relay Listening Port
box.
3. Click OK.
See the NFuse Classic Administrator’s Guide for the procedure to reconfigure
NFuse Classic Web servers with the new port number.

To run SSL Relay on port 443 without using HTTPS

1. Stop the Microsoft Internet Information Service.
2. Configure and start the SSL Relay service.
3. Restart the Microsoft Internet Information Service.
SSL Relay will use port 443 before IIS, including when the server is restarted.

Configuring Latency Reduction for ICA Clients

Delays between entry and echo of mouse movements and keyboard input is one of
the primary frustrations that client users can experience on a high-latency network
connection. SpeedScreen features in MetaFrame XP and the ICA Client software
enable almost immediate echo of mouse movements and keystrokes at the ICA
Client.
Use the SpeedScreen Latency Reduction Manager to customize SpeedScreen
settings for a MetaFrame XP server, individual published applications, and input
controls within applications. You can save a SpeedScreen configuration file and
then deploy the file across your server farm.
To launch SpeedScreen Latency Reduction Manager, from the Start menu, choose
Programs > Citrix > MetaFrame XP > SpeedScreen Latency Reduction
Manager.

Tip You can launch SpeedScreen Latency Reduction Manager by clicking

its button on the ICA Administrator Toolbar.

By default, instant mouse click feedback is enabled and local text echo is disabled for
all applications.
 Chapter 7 Configuring MetaFrame XP Servers and Farms 189

You can enable local text echo on an application-by-application basis only. If you
use this feature, the programs to which you apply it must use only standard
Windows APIs for displaying text or the settings will not work correctly.

Important Test all aspects of an application with local text echo in a non-
production environment before enabling text echo for your users.

With SpeedScreen Latency Reduction Manager, you can also configure local text
echo settings for individual input fields within an application. See the application
help for the SpeedScreen Latency Reduction Manager utility for more
configuration information.
For general information about SpeedScreen options, see the online help in the
SpeedScreen Latency Reduction Manager.

Deploying SpeedScreen Settings

After you use Speed Screen Latency Reduction Manager to configure SpeedScreen
settings for the server (and specific applications, if you want), the manager saves
the settings for each application in the directory C:\WINNT\system32\ss3config. To
deploy the configuration settings throughout a server farm, copy the entire directory
and its contents to each MetaFrame server in the server farm.

Tip If you plan to copy SpeedScreen configuration settings across a server farm,
apply the settings to “all instances of an app” on the server when you configure
individual application settings, because path names might differ on various
destination servers.
Be aware that applications developed using MFC generate application window
names dynamically. This is not standard behavior. The SpeedScreen Latency
Reduction Manager uses window names to identify exception entries, and could
apply saved settings erroneously on a destination server if you apply SpeedScreen
settings to a specific instance of the application.
 CHAPTER 8

Configuring ICA Connections

MetaFrame XP lets users run server-based applications by enabling connections

from varied computer platforms through ICA Client software. Managing the
connections to your server farm involves management of network access and ICA
connections to the farm.
You manage user access through standard Windows permissions and account
configuration tools. MetaFrame XP provides the tools you use to configure ICA
connections.

Overview of ICA Connections and Sessions

Users can access applications on a MetaFrame XP server through ICA connections
and ICA sessions.
ICA connections are logical input/output ports that are set up on a MetaFrame XP
server. When an ICA Client links to a MetaFrame XP server through an ICA
connection, it establishes an ICA session. The ICA session is an active link that runs
on the MetaFrame XP server until the user logs off and ends the session.
This section explains how ICA connections and ICA sessions work together. It
includes information about using Citrix Connection Configuration to configure ICA
connections. Later sections in this chapter tell you how to set properties for ICA
sessions.

Note In addition to ICA connections, Citrix Connection Configuration supports

connections using Microsoft’s RDP protocol for terminal services. ICA Client
settings and other options, such as asynchronous connection options, are not
available for RDP connections.
192 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Setting Up ICA Connections

At least one ICA connection is required on a MetaFrame XP server for ICA Clients
to use for establishing ICA sessions. Once an ICA connection is set up, it exists
even if no ICA Clients are linked to the server with active ICA sessions. In contrast,
an ICA session exists on a MetaFrame XP server only while an ICA Client is linked
to the server and using resources. When an ICA Client user logs off the
MetaFrame XP server, the ICA session ends.
Multiple ICA Clients can establish ICA sessions through the same ICA connection
on a MetaFrame XP server. MetaFrame XP associates a user ID and ICA
connection with each ICA session.
You can set up one ICA connection on a MetaFrame XP server for each network
transport protocol and adapter that ICA Clients use to link to the server.
MetaFrame XP supports the following ICA connection configurations:

Network transport. TCP/IP, IPX, SPX, NetBIOS, asynchronous (modem or direct

cable connection).

Network adapter. Network interface cards (NIC), serial ports, modems.

If your network uses TCP/IP and your MetaFrame XP server contains a NIC, the
ICA Clients can launch sessions using an ICA connection configured for TCP and
the NIC. To give dial-up access to remote users, you can also set up an ICA
connection configured for a modem connected to a serial communication port on
the MetaFrame XP server.
You do not need to set up all (or any) ICA connections yourself. During installation
of MetaFrame XP, an ICA connection is automatically set up for each network
transport that is configured on the server and for each configured modem on the
server (unless you deselect one or more of these options during Setup).

Using Citrix Connection Configuration

Citrix Connection Configuration is an enhanced version of the Windows utilities
Terminal Server Connection Configuration (Windows NT 4.0, Terminal Server
Edition) and Terminal Server Configuration (Windows 2000 Servers).
The Citrix Connection Configuration utility adds support for more connections and
advanced configurations.
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 193

Use Citrix Connection Configuration to:

• Add network, asynchronous, and other types of connections
• Configure existing connections
• Set parameters for mapping client devices
• Set modem parameters
• Test modem configuration
You can use Citrix Connection Configuration to add ICA connections for transport
protocols, network adapters, and asynchronous connections that are not created
during MetaFrame XP installation.

To start Citrix Connection Configuration

From the Start menu, choose Programs > Citrix > MetaFrame XP > Citrix
Connection Configuration.
From the Citrix Connection Configuration window, you can view the existing
ICA connections. You can use the Connections menu to add, edit, or delete ICA
connections.
For more information about procedures for adding and modifying connections,
choose Contents from the Help menu in Citrix Connection Configuration.

Adding ICA Connections

If you install additional network protocols or modems, you can create ICA
connections for ICA Clients to use to access the MetaFrame XP server.

To add a network ICA connection

Use the following procedure to add an ICA connection for a network adapter. You
might need to do this if, for example, you install an additional protocol such as IPX.
1. Run Citrix Connection Configuration (see “To start Citrix Connection
Configuration” ).
2. From the Connection menu, choose New. The New Connection dialog box
appears:
194 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

3. Type a name for the connection in the Name box. You can enter an optional
description in the Comment box.
4. From the Type list, select Citrix ICA 3.0.
5. From the Transport list, select the transport protocol.
6. Click OK to add the ICA connection. If a connection with these settings exists,
a message tells you that a connection cannot be created with the same settings.

Adding Asynchronous ICA Connections

You can set up asynchronous ICA connections for access to MetaFrame XP servers.
Asynchronous ICA connections can be dial-up connections through modems and
direct cable (null modem) connections between the serial ports of a client device
and MetaFrame XP server.
When you set up an asynchronous ICA connection in Citrix Connection
Configuration, you avoid the overhead of Dial-Up Networking and TCP/IP on the
server. MetaFrame XP supports modem configuration through the Windows
Telephony Application Programming Interface (TAPI).
For the best performance over asynchronous connections, Citrix recommends using
high-speed serial port hardware and processor-controlled multi-port adapters. Using
hardware devices that place less demand on CPU resources allows more processor
power to be devoted to running user sessions.
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 195

Important In a MetaFrame XP server, a modem or serial port cannot be configured

as both a Dial-Up Networking port and an ICA asynchronous connection port.
Also, you cannot configure an asynchronous direct cable connection using the
Serial Cable between 2 PCs option in Windows Dial-Up Networking. Instead, you
must configure the ICA asynchronous connection in Citrix Connection
Configuration.

To add an asynchronous ICA connection

1. Run the Citrix Connection Configuration utility (see “To start Citrix Connection
Configuration” on page 193).
2. From the Connection menu, choose New. The New Connection dialog box
appears.
3. Type a name for the new connection.
4. From the Type list, select Citrix ICA 3.0.
5. From the Transport list, select async. Options for asynchronous connections
appear in the dialog box.
6. From the Device list, select the COM port for the connection. Standard COM
ports appear in the list. If a TAPI modem is installed on a COM port, the modem
type follows the COM port name in the list. If a modem is installed on a
particular COM port, you cannot select that COM port for a direct cable (null
modem).
• To install a modem, click Install Modem. Then, follow the instructions in
the Install New Modem wizard to install and configure the modem.
• To configure an existing modem, click Modem Properties.
7. Click OK to add the connection. If a connection with these settings exists, a
message tells you that a connection cannot be created with the same settings.
196 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Configuring Session Settings for ICA Clients

Three types of settings control the behavior of an ICA session:

Per-connection settings. You can use Citrix Connection Configuration to configure

settings for each ICA connection. These settings are referred to as per-connection
settings because they affect all ICA sessions that users establish through the ICA
connection.
You can click Advanced, ICA Settings, and Client Settings in the New
Connection or Edit Connection dialog box to configure per-connection settings.
For example, for a particular ICA connection, you can set a time-out value in the
Advanced Connection Settings dialog box. This time-out setting will affect the
sessions of all users who link to the server through that ICA connection.
Procedures for configuring per-connection settings appear later in this chapter.

Per-user settings. User and group settings that you configure in Windows will
apply to any ICA connection. These settings, which are based on individual user
accounts, include user names and group memberships, permissions, and dial-in
settings for Windows NT or Windows 2000.
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 197

For more information about per-user settings, refer to your Windows

documentation. See the online help for User Manager for Domains for Windows
NT 4.0; for Windows 2000 Servers, see online help for Local Users and Groups, or
Active Directory Users and Computers.

Per-client settings. You can configure an ICA Client to enable additional security
and compression. These settings apply to any ICA session established by that ICA
client, independent of the person using the client device or the ICA connection used
for the session.
For information about configuring per-client settings, see the Citrix ICA Client
Administrator’s Guide for each client that you deploy.

Precedence of Settings
A setting that you specify in Citrix Connection Configuration takes precedence
over per-user and per-client settings. However, for some ICA connection settings,
you can select an option to apply settings from user accounts or ICA Clients to the
ICA connection.
• You can specify that an ICA connection use some settings from user accounts
by selecting Inherit User Config.
• You can specify that an ICA connection use some settings from ICA Clients by
selecting Inherit Client Config.
If you select one of these check boxes, the associated ICA connection settings are
dimmed and cannot be edited. The setting specified by the Windows user account
or ICA Client takes precedence over the ICA connection setting.
If you clear the check box for these options, the original ICA connection settings
take effect.

Important You can create user policies to enable some connection settings for
specific users or user groups. User policies override similar settings configured in
Citrix Connection Configuration. However, if you disable functionality in Citrix
Connection Configuration, you cannot enable the functionality by creating user
policies. For more information about user policies, see “Creating and Applying
User Policies” on page 281.
198 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Configuring ICA Connection Options

This section discusses ways to configure options for ICA connections associated
with network interfaces, modems, and direct cable (null modem) connections.
You can configure new ICA connections in the New Connection dialog box as
described earlier in this chapter. To modify the configuration of an existing ICA
connection, double-click the connection in the Citrix Connection Configuration
window.
For more information about configuration procedures, see the online help in Citrix
Connection Configuration.

Configuring Modem Callback

You can configure a modem ICA connection for modem callback. You can use this
feature so that the call charges are incurred at the server end of the connection, or to
provide a small measure of security.
To set modem callback options, use Citrix Connection Configuration.
When modem callback is active and a user dials in to the ICA connection on the
MetaFrame XP server, the server modem answers, then hangs up, and dials a
specified telephone number (the callback number) to reach the ICA Client modem
and complete the connection.
Modem callback to a fixed number can provide a small level of security based on
telephone numbers. Using this feature verifies that authorized users are dialing in
by calling back to specified numbers to complete dial-in ICA connections.
To configure modem callback for a new ICA connection, use the options in the
New Connection dialog box when you create a modem ICA connection.
To change the settings for an existing ICA modem connection, double-click the
ICA connection in Citrix Connection Configuration. Then, use the Edit
Connection dialog box to configure modem callback.
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 199

Enabling Modem Callback

You can enable or disable modem callback by using the first drop-down list and the
adjacent check box in the Modem Callback area.

• Select the Inherit User Config check box to enable modem callback only for
users who have modem callback enabled in their Windows user accounts. When
this option is selected, the drop-down list is not available.
• From the drop-down list, choose To a fixed phone number or To a roving
phone number to enable modem callback for all users.
• Choose Disabled from the drop-down list to disable modem callback for all
users.
When you enable modem callback, you can specify one callback phone number for
all users. You might do this if all users dial in from one phone number at a branch
office, or you can use callback numbers from each user’s Windows account.
Another option is to let users enter callback numbers when they make connections.
In Windows NT 4.0, you enter a callback phone number in the Dialin Information
dialog box, which is available from the User Properties dialog box for each user
account. In Windows 2000, you enter a phone number in the Dial-in tab of the
Properties dialog box for each user account.

Specifying a Callback Number

To enable callback to a specified phone number, select To a fixed phone number
in the first list. Type the telephone number in the Phone Number box. The
connection will call back the phone number in the Phone Number box to establish
the connection for all users—unless the Inherit User Config option next to the
Phone Number box is selected. When Inherit User Config is selected, the Phone
Number box is not available.
You can select the Inherit User Config option to use the callback configuration
from the user’s Windows account configuration. If the user’s account is set to a
specified phone number, that number is used, or user accounts can allow callers to
enter callback numbers each time they connect.
For example, if users’ home phone numbers are specified in their user account
configurations, you can choose To a fixed phone number and select the Inherit
User Config option to ensure that users can dial in only from verified locations.
200 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Using a Roving Phone Number

To enable callback and allow all users to enter the callback number, select To a
roving phone number in the first drop-down list in the Modem Callback area. This
setting prompts users to enter a callback number when they start an ICA session by
modem. If a phone number is entered in the Phone Number box, this is the default
number for callback.
You might want to use callback to a roving number so that remote users who dial in
from hotels and other locations do not have to be responsible for phone charges for
lengthy connections.
You can select the Inherit User Config box next to the Phone Number box. When
this is selected, the Phone Number box is not available. The modem uses the
callback configuration from the user’s Windows account. If the user’s account is set
to call back a specified phone number, that number is used for callback. If Set by
Caller is selected in the user’s account, the user can specify a callback number
when making a connection.

Configuring Direct Cable Connections

You can use Citrix Connection Configuration to configure ICA connections for
direct cable connections between serial (COM) ports on client devices and a
MetaFrame XP server.
You can configure new connections in the New Connection dialog box when you
create an asynchronous ICA connection.
To edit a connection, double-click the asynchronous ICA connection in Citrix
Connection Configuration. Use the Edit Connection dialog box to configure the
ICA connection.
Options for asynchronous cable (null-modem) ICA connections appear in the
Async Transport Configuration area in the New Connection and Edit Connection
dialog boxes.

With these options you can configure the following device and transmission
properties for the ICA connection:
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 201

Device. Specifies the serial port (COM port) to use for the connection. The
available COM ports on the MetaFrame XP server appear in the drop-down list.

Device Connect On. Specifies the signal type (CTS, DSR, RI, DCD, or First
Character) for the server to use to determine when a connection is established and
ready for user logon. You can select Always Connected to bypass connection
detection.

Baud. Sets the communication rate for the connection. You can select standard
baud rates from the drop-down list.

Set Defaults. Resets the Device Connect On and Baud settings, and the settings in
the Advanced Async Configuration dialog box, to default values.

Advanced. Opens the Advanced Async Configuration dialog box for configuring
additional serial port settings. These settings are described in the next section.

Using the Async Test Dialog Box

You can test an asynchronous direct cable connection by using the Test button in
the New Connection dialog box and the Edit Connection dialog box when you
configure an async ICA connection.
The Test button appears in the Async Transport Configuration area when the
Transport setting is Async and the selected Device is a COM port that does not have
a modem installed on it.
The Test button opens the Async Test dialog box for testing communication
through the specified serial port. In the dialog box, you can monitor control signals
and transmit data to and receive data from a client device connected to the serial
port.
202 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Received data appears

here

The dialog box displays the name of the serial port and baud rate. A row of
indicator “lights” shows the status of the DTR, RTS, CTS, DSR, DCD, and RI
signals.
You can type text in the scrolling area to send ASCII data to a device that is
connected to the specified serial port. The text you type does not appear in the
dialog box unless a connected device echoes text that it receives.
If you transmit text from a terminal emulation program (such as HyperTerminal in
Windows) that is running on a connected client device, the text appears in the
Async Test dialog box if the connection is configured correctly.

Configuring Advanced Async Options

When you create or edit an async cable ICA connection, the Advanced button in
the Async Transport Configuration area opens the Advanced Async
Configuration dialog box. You can use this dialog box to configure flow control
and other data transmission settings.

Flow Control. Select Hardware or Software flow control, or select None to

configure the async connection with no flow control.

Hardware Flow Control. If you select Hardware in the Flow Control area, the
options in the Hardware Flow Control area are available to specify signals used for
flow control. Hardware flow control is the default configuration.
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 203

From the first drop-down menu, select the hardware signal action that indicates the
receive buffer is full. From the second menu, select the hardware signal action that
indicates data transmission can proceed. The default settings are “Turn off RTS
when receive buffer is full” and “Transmit data when CTS is on.”

Software Flow Control. If you select Software in the Flow Control area, the options
in the Software Flow Control area are available to specify the start and stop
characters for data transmission.
Select Decimal or Hex to define character values, and then type decimal or hex
values in the text boxes to set the Xon and Xoff characters for software flow
control.

DTR State. The DTR State options are available with any flow control option
unless Turn Off DTR is selected for Hardware Flow Control.
Select On to specify that the Data Terminal Ready (DTR) signal is always on.
Select Off to specify that the signal is always off.
204 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

RTS State. These options are available with any flow control option unless Turn
Off RTS is selected for Hardware Flow Control.
Select On to specify that the Request To Send (RTS) signal is always on. Select Off
to specify that the signal is always off.

Parity. Click an option to specify the parity type or click None to specify no parity
setting.

Stop. Select 1 or 2 to specify the number of stop bits per character.

Byte. This setting for the configuration of transmitted data cannot be changed
because ICA protocol requires 8 bits per byte.

Configuring Advanced ICA Connection Options

The Advanced Connection Settings dialog box provides additional control over
security and performance on ICA connections. To use the dialog box, click the
Advanced button when you create or edit an ICA connection.
The Advanced Connection Settings options for Windows connections apply to
Citrix ICA connections. For more information about advanced options, see the
Citrix Connection Configuration online help.
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 205

Restricting Connections to Published Applications

For high-security environments, select the Only run published applications check
box to restrict the connection to run only published applications defined by the
administrator. This option is not available unless you select Inherit Client/User
Config in the Initial Program area.

Note You cannot specify a published application as the initial program.

MetaFrame XP provides additional options for controlling connections from ICA

Clients, limiting ICA sessions, and restricting application usage. For more
information, see “Controlling Logons by ICA Clients” on page 265 and
“Controlling User Connections” on page 266.

Configuring ICA Encryption

In the Security area, you can configure encryption for the ICA connection. Select an
option from the Required Encryption menu.
The default encryption level is Basic. You can select strong encryption that applies
the RC5 encryption algorithm with 128-bit minimum session keys to log on only or
to all data transmission.

Using Shadowing to Monitor ICA Sessions

Shadowing an ICA session means viewing the session from another device. During
shadowing, you can monitor the session activity as if you were watching the screen
of the ICA Client that initiated the session. You can see the active program running
in the session, with the user’s keyboard input and mouse actions.
This section discusses settings for ICA connections related to shadowing. For
information about how to shadow sessions, see “Shadowing ICA Sessions” on page
284.
While you are shadowing a session, if the MetaFrame XP server and ICA
connection allow it, you can use your keyboard and mouse to remotely control the
user’s keyboard and mouse in the shadowed session.
The ability to shadow ICA sessions depends on shadowing being enabled, as
described next.
206 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Enabling Shadowing on a Server

If you want to shadow ICA sessions, shadowing must be enabled on the
MetaFrame XP server first and then for the ICA connections on the server.
You can enable shadowing on the MetaFrame XP server during installation of
MetaFrame XP. To do this, you must select the default option, which allows
shadowing on all ICA connections on the MetaFrame XP server. After you install
MetaFrame XP, you can use Citrix Connection Configuration to limit or prohibit
shadowing for specific ICA connections on the MetaFrame XP server.
If you select the option that allows shadowing, and also select options to restrict
some aspects of shadowing, you cannot remove the restrictions using Citrix
Connection Configuration. However, you can add shadowing restrictions for
specific ICA connections on the server using Citrix Connection Configuration.

Prohibiting Shadowing on a Server

During installation of MetaFrame XP, if you select the option that prohibits
shadowing, shadowing is not enabled for any ICA connections on the
MetaFrame XP server. Any limits you set for shadowing during MetaFrame XP
installation cannot be removed later in Citrix Connection Configuration.

Configuring ICA Connections for Shadowing

When you configure an ICA connection, you can use the Advanced Connection
Settings dialog box to configure shadowing for the ICA connection.
If you want individual user configurations to take precedence over the ICA
connection settings for shadowing, select Inherit User Config next to the
Shadowing menu in the Advanced Connection Settings dialog box. This makes
the Shadowing menu unavailable. For more information about user configuration,
see “Precedence of Settings” on page 197.
When the Inherit User Config option is not selected, you can use the Shadowing
menu to configure shadowing for an ICA connection. The shadowing settings affect
all ICA sessions that use the ICA connection.
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 207

The settings in the Shadowing menu are in the form of statements that include
terms (described in the following table) for shadowing status and features.

Term Meaning
Enabled Shadowing is possible for sessions on the ICA connection.
Disabled Sessions on the ICA connection cannot be shadowed.
Input Refers to using the keyboard and mouse for remote control of the
shadowed session.
“On” means that the input from the mouse and keyboard are accepted
for remote control from the device shadowing the session. “Off” means
that this input is not accepted.
Notify Refers to a notification message that MetaFrame XP sends to an ICA
Client user. The message asks the user to allow someone to shadow
the session. Users can accept or deny shadowing requests.
“On” means the server notifies users of all attempts to shadow
sessions. “Off” means the server does not notify users, so they cannot
deny permission or prevent shadowing.

For example, one option in the Shadowing menu states: “is enabled, input off,
notify on.” This setting does the following: allows shadowing, prohibits remote
control with the keyboard and mouse during shadowing, and requires the
notification (and permission) of ICA Client users before anyone can shadow their
sessions.

Note If you disable input for remote control or user notification when you install
MetaFrame XP, options for these features are not available in the Shadowing menu
in Citrix Connection Configuration. However, the options still appear in
Microsoft’s user properties dialog box, but choosing them does not override the
settings you select during MetaFrame XP installation. In general, you can use
individual client properties to disable shadowing features on a per-user basis, but
not to enable shadowing features that you disable on a MetaFrame XP server.
208 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Configuring ICA Audio Settings

When you create or edit an ICA connection, you can use the ICA Settings button to
configure audio for ICA Clients that connect to the MetaFrame XP server through
that ICA connection.
When you click the ICA Settings button, the ICA Settings dialog box appears.
From the drop-down list in the Client Audio Quality area, you can specify the audio
quality to use for the connection. High, Medium, and Low audio quality settings are
available.

High. This setting is recommended for connections only where bandwidth is

plentiful and sound quality is important. This setting allows clients to play a sound
file at its native data rate. Sounds at the highest quality level require about 1.3Mbps
of bandwidth to play clearly. Transmitting this amount of data can result in
increased CPU utilization and network congestion.

Medium. This setting is recommended for most LAN-based connections. This

setting causes any sounds sent to the client to be compressed to a maximum of
64Kbps. This compression results in a moderate decrease in the quality of the sound
played on the client computer. The host CPU utilization can decrease compared
with the non-compressed version due to the reduction in the amount of data sent
across the wire.

Low. This setting is recommended for low-bandwidth connections, including most

modem connections. This setting causes any sounds sent to the client to be
compressed to a maximum of 16Kbps. This compression results in a significant
decrease in the quality of the sound. The CPU requirements and benefits of this
setting are similar to those of the Moderate setting; however, the lower data rate
allows reasonable performance for a low-bandwidth connection.

Sample. You can click the Sample button to play a brief audio sample at the
selected quality setting.
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 209

Audio mapping for ICA Clients can cause excessive load on the MetaFrame XP
server and network. High quality increases bandwidth requirements by sending
more audio data to ICA Clients. High quality audio also increases server CPU
utilization.
ICA Client users can also select an audio quality setting. If settings on the client and
server are not the same, the lower quality setting is used for the session.
In the Client Settings dialog box, you can disable audio for an ICA connection.

Note Audio mapping requires that sound hardware and drivers be installed and
configured correctly on the MetaFrame XP server. The Sample button in the ICA
Settings dialog box is not available if audio hardware is not detected by Citrix
Connection Configuration.

Configuring Client Device Mapping

Citrix ICA Clients support mapping devices on client computers so they are
available to the user from within a remote control ICA session. You do not need a
network or RAS connection to use ICA Client device mapping. Client device
mapping provides:
• Access to local drives, printers, and serial ports
• Cut-and-paste data transfer between an ICA session and the local Windows
clipboard
• Audio (system sounds and .wav files) playback from the ICA session
During logon, the ICA Client informs the server of the available client drives, COM
ports, and LPT ports. By default, client drives are mapped to server drive letters and
server print queues are created for ICA Client printers so they appear to be directly
connected to the MetaFrame XP server.
These mappings are available only for the current user during the current session.
They are deleted when the user logs off and recreated the next time the user logs on.
The MetaFrame XP server lists all client disk and printer devices under the Client
Network icon in Network Neighborhood.
During a session, users can use ICA Printer Configuration to map client devices not
automatically mapped at logon. For more information about using the ICA Printer
Configuration utility, see the Citrix ICA Client Administrator’s Guides for the
clients you plan to deploy.
210 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Options for Client Device Mapping

Client device mapping options are specified in the Client Settings dialog box in
Citrix Connection Configuration.
The Connection options control whether drives and printers are mapped to client
drives and printers. If these options are cleared, the devices are still available but
must be mapped to drive letters and port names manually.

Connect client drives at logon. If this option is checked, the client computer’s drives
are automatically mapped at logon.

Connect client printers at logon. If this option is selected, MetaFrame XP maps

printers that are configured on client computers with ICA Clients for Windows.
With ICA Clients for DOS, users can manually map printers.

Default to main client printer. If this option is checked, the user’s default client
printer is configured as the default printer for the ICA session.

Inherit user config. If this option is selected, the per-user settings in User Manager
are used.
To automatically connect to only the printer configured as the default printer when
the user logs on, select the By default, connect only the client’s main printer
check box.
Default printers can be set on the ICA Client device. Users can override the default
printer mapping with ICA Client Printer Configuration. For more information about
ICA Client Printer Configuration, see the Citrix ICA Client Administrator’s Guides
for the clients you plan to deploy.
Click Client Mapping Overrides to disable client device connections.

Client Drive Mapping

Client drive mapping is built into the standard Citrix device redirection facilities.
The client drives appear as a network type (Client Network) in Network
Neighborhood. The client’s disk drives are displayed as shared folders with mapped
drive letters. These drives can be used by Windows Explorer and other applications
like any other network drive.
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 211

How MetaFrame XP Assigns Drive Letters to Mapped Client Drives

By default, the drives on the client system are automatically mapped to drive letters
on the MetaFrame XP server during logon. The server tries to match the client
drives to the client drive letters; for example, the client’s first floppy disk drive to A,
the second floppy disk drive to B, the first hard drive partition to C, and so forth.
This allows the user access to client drive letters in the same way from local or
remote sessions.
These drive letters are often used by the drives on the MetaFrame XP server. In this
case, client drives are mapped to other drive letters. The MetaFrame XP server
starts at V and searches in ascending order for free drive letters.

Reassigning Server Drives

For an ICA session, a MetaFrame XP server tries to map disk drives on a client
device to the typical drive letters for the client. If the drive letters are available, the
server maps the client’s first floppy disk drive to A, the second floppy drive to B,
the first hard disk drive to C, and so on. However, a server cannot map client device
drives to letters that are assigned to the server’s own disk drives.
During MetaFrame XP installation, Setup provides an option for you to change the
drive letters of the MetaFrame XP server. By changing the server to use drive letters
that are higher, such as M, N, O, the original lower drive letters become available
for assignment to the drives on client devices. This can make the use of drives on
client devices less confusing for users, because they see their drives identified by
typical drive letters.
If you want to change server drive letters, you must do this during MetaFrame XP
installation. Changing server drive letters after MetaFrame XP installation can
cause unstable performance by the server, components of the operating system, and
installed applications.

CAUTION With utilities provided in Windows NT 4.0 and Windows 2000, it is

possible to change server drive letters after MetaFrame XP installation. Citrix
advises against changing server drive letters after MetaFrame XP installation.
Doing so can destroy data stored on disk drives and can leave MetaFrame XP and
the operating system unable to operate.

Controlling Drive Mapping When Using NetWare Logon Scripts

Client drive mapping and NetWare logon script execution occur in parallel. If the
logon script maps NetWare network drives, it is possible that a user could find drive
V mapped to his client drive C during one session but mapped to a NetWare drive
during another.
212 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

You can avoid this problem by adding two registry values in

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal
Server\InitialNetwareDrive:

CAUTION Using Registry Editor incorrectly can cause serious problems that can
require you to reinstall the operating system. Citrix cannot guarantee that problems
resulting from incorrect use of Registry Editor can be solved. Use Registry Editor at
your own risk.
Make sure you back up the registry before you edit it. If you are running Windows
NT, make sure you also update your Emergency Repair Disk.

REG_SZ: InitialClientDrive
Defines the first drive letter to use for client drive mapping. The system searches
backward through the alphabet to assign drive letters to client drives that could not
be mapped to their “native” drive letters.

REG_SZ: InitialNetWareDrive
Defines the drive letter to use for the NetWare SYS:LOGIN directory that is
mapped to the preferred server during the initial NetWare attachment. This setting
is the equivalent of the DOS VLM Net.cfg setting “First Network Drive.” If this
value is not set, the first available drive letter starting with C and working up to Z is
used for this mapping.

Client Printer Mapping

Client printer mapping allows a remote application running on a MetaFrame XP
server to access client printers (printers that are attached locally to client devices).
The client mappings appear as another network type, Client Network, to the
Windows Print Manager.
MetaFrame XP maps client printers when a user logs on and deletes client printers
when the user logs off, if the printers do not contain unfinished print jobs. If the
print queue contains print jobs, MetaFrame XP retains the printer and the print jobs.
For more information about client printers and printer management in
MetaFrame XP server farms, see “Managing Printers for ICA Clients” on page 291.
For information about specific ICA Clients, refer to the Citrix ICA Client
Administrator’s Guide for each ICA Client you use.
 Chapter 8 Configuring ICA Connections 213

Client Serial Port Mapping

Client COM port mapping allows a remote application running on the Citrix server
to access devices attached to COM ports on the client computer. Client COM ports
are not automatically mapped to server ports at logon, but can be mapped manually
using the net use or change client commands. See Appendix A, “MetaFrame XP
Command Reference,” for more information about the change client command.
For more information about client COM port mapping, see the Citrix ICA Client
Administrator’s Guides for the clients you plan to deploy.

Client Audio Mapping

Client audio mapping allows applications running on the Citrix server to play
sounds through a sound device on the client device. DOS and Win16 ICA Clients
require Sound Blaster 16-compatible sound cards. ICA Win32 Clients require any
Windows-compatible sound card; the ICA Win32 Client uses standard Windows
API calls for audio.
The MetaFrame XP server can control the amount of bandwidth used by client
audio mapping. Audio mapping is configured per-client and per-connection in the
ICA Settings dialog box.
For more information about using client audio mapping, see the Citrix ICA Client
Administrator’s Guides for the clients you plan to deploy.
 CHAPTER 9

Deploying ICA Clients to Users

This chapter addresses issues to help you plan and implement your deployment of
ICA Client software to end users.

Choosing a Deployment Method

To access applications on MetaFrame XP servers, users run ICA Client software on
their client devices. You can deliver the appropriate ICA Client to your users and
install the software with the following methods:
• Using Microsoft Systems Management Server (SMS) or Active Directory
Services in Windows 2000 (for ICA Clients that can be installed with Windows
Installer packages)
• Using a Web browser
• Downloading from a network share point
• Using installation diskettes

Tip If you are updating the ICA Clients, use the Client Update Database to deploy
the latest versions of the ICA Client software.

If you are a system administrator for a small company with users in one physical
location, installing the ICA Client software from floppy disks or from a network file
server presents few problems.
You can eliminate user involvement in the installation process by installing the ICA
Client software on each user’s machine using a set of floppy disks or the
MetaFrame XP Components CD. This method is useful if your users have limited
computer experience.
216 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

If your users have a moderate level of computer expertise, you can direct them to a
network share point containing the ICA Client files. You can send users an e-mail
message that contains both a link to the installation files and instructions for
installing the software. Installation by users can eliminate the need for you to
manually install ICA Client software.
In a large enterprise or an application service provider (ASP) environment, with
hundreds or thousands of users in multiple locations, manual installation methods
are not efficient. In these situations, Web delivery of ICA Client software or
deploying with Active Directory or Microsoft Systems Management Server are the
best choices.
The table below lists common computing environments and the appropriate
deployment methods to use in each scenario.

Organization Deployment method Requirements

Enterprise, ASP supplying Citrix NFuse Classic Users click links on their
personalized content and desktops or run a supported Web
published applications browser (see the NFuse
Administrator’s Guide for a full
list).
Enterprise, ASP, small business Active Directory or Users download ICA Client
Systems Management software from a centralized
Server (SMS) location. See your Windows
2000 or SMS documentation for
more information.
Enterprise, ASP, small business Web-based installation Users run a Web browser to
access an ICA Client
download Web site and install
software.
Enterprise, small business Network share point Users connect to a
network share point and install
software.
Small business (single site); Diskettes Client devices have floppy disk
organization with remote users drives.
who require ICA
Client installation diskettes
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 217

Delivering Applications to Users

To choose the best method for deploying the ICA Clients, decide how your end
users will access published applications.
If you want to deliver applications to your users by a Web page, use MetaFrame XP
in conjunction with Citrix NFuse Classic, or the Application Launching and
Embedding (ALE) feature in MetaFrame XP. When you deliver applications using
a Web-based method, users click links on their desktops using the Program
Neighborhood Agent or launch Web browsers to access applications published on
MetaFrame XP servers.
If you do not want to deliver applications to your users through a Web page, publish
the applications for direct access. To directly access applications published on
MetaFrame XP servers, users launch ICA Client software. Using the ICA Client for
Win32, users can launch Program Neighborhood to access the applications they are
authorized to use on the MetaFrame XP servers. Using the ICA Client for Win16,
users launch Remote Application Manager to establish connections to servers and
published applications.

Developing Application Portals with Citrix NFuse Classic

If you implemented or plan to implement a corporate Web-based portal, use Citrix
NFuse Classic with MetaFrame XP to integrate personalized application sets and
information into your company’s Web site. With NFuse, users can access published
applications through program icons on their desktops, or in their Start menus (with
the Program Neighborhood Agent), or through Web browsers.
An NFuse Classic system consists of three components: a MetaFrame XP server
farm, a Web server, and client devices. When a user logs on to an NFuse-enabled
Web site, the Web-based ICA Client Installation feature checks the user’s computer
for the presence of ICA Client software. If the ICA Client software is not detected,
the Web-based ICA Client Installation feature presents the appropriate ICA Client
software for download and setup.
218 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important You can install NFuse Classic on the MetaFrame XP server as part of
MetaFrame XP Setup. Install NFuse on the MetaFrame XP server only if IIS 4.0 or
IIS 5.0 is also present on the server.
If you choose to install NFuse, an NFuse Web site is installed on your MetaFrame
XP server in a Citrix directory under the Web document root; for example,
c:\inetput\wwwroot\citrix\NFuse.
This Web site contains logic that at runtime references the server’s document root
directory for the presence of ICA Clients. To use the ICA Client installation feature
of NFuse, copy the ICA Clients from the Icaweb directory on the MetaFrame XP
Components CD to a directory named Icaweb in the Citrix directory in the Web
document directory; for example, c:\inetpub\wwwroot\citrix\icaweb.
You must copy the entire Icaweb directory to this directory to enable Web-based
ICA Client installation from the NFuse Web site.

If you plan to implement a Citrix NFuse system, see the NFuse Administrator’s
Guide for more information. If you do not implement a Citrix NFuse system but
want to deploy ICA Client software using the Web, see “Web-Based Installation”
on page 221.

Application Launching and Embedding

If you are not planning to implement a Citrix NFuse system, but want to deliver
published applications to your users on a Web page, you can use Application
Launching and Embedding. ALE allows users to run applications published on
MetaFrame XP servers by clicking hyperlinks on a Web page.
For more information about Application Launching and Embedding, see the online
help for the Citrix Management Console utility. For more information about using
the Citrix ICA Win32 Client with Application Launching and Embedding, see the
Administrator’s Guide for the ICA Win32 Client.

Determining the Scope of ICA Client Deployment

Take the following factors into consideration before you decide which deployment
method to adopt:

The ICA Clients you need to deploy. To determine which ICA Clients you need to
deploy, determine which client devices and operating systems you need to support.
A smaller organization with many similar client devices might need to deploy the
ICA Client on only one or two platforms. In this scenario, using installation
diskettes or copying the necessary files to a central network share point for
download are the most efficient deployment methods.
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 219

Heterogeneous computing environments and geographic separation of large

enterprises and ASPs can make it impossible to predetermine which client devices
need to be supported. In these scenarios, Web-based installation is the most efficient
deployment method.

Centralized control and configuration requirements. Determine what limits you need
to impose on users’ access to published applications. You can configure various
settings before you initially deploy the ICA Clients.
For information about preconfiguring ICA Clients, see the Administrator’s Guide
for the required ICA Client, or the Support area of the Citrix Web site at
http://www.citrix.com.

Ease-of-use requirements for users. Providing a simple installation process that

requires little interaction from users might be a key factor.
Enterprises and ASPs with hundreds or thousands of users with varied computing
expertise require the most foolproof deployment process. You can “push” the ICA
Client software to your users by various methods, including through the use of
logon scripts or windows scripts, or through the use of a commercial software
distribution package.

Using the MetaFrame XP Components CD

The MetaFrame XP Components CD contains setup and installation files for all
ICA Clients. You can use the MetaFrame XP Components CD to directly install
ICA Client software on client devices that have CD-ROM drives, or copy the CD
image to a network share point on a file server. For more information about
installing ICA Client software, see the Administrator’s Guide for the required ICA
Client.
You can copy the necessary files from the MetaFrame XP Components CD to your
server using the ICA Client Distribution wizard. You can then access the ICA
Client files from your server.
The ICA Client Distribution wizard appears during MetaFrame XP setup. If you
skipped this step during MetaFrame XP Setup, you can run the wizard by choosing
Start > Programs > Citrix > MetaFrame XP > ICA Client Distribution
Wizard.
Use the ICA Client Distribution wizard to:
• Create or update ICA Client images on your server
• Create or update the ICA Client Update Database
• Install or upgrade the pass-through ICA Win32 Client on the server
• Install the Administrator’s Guides for all ICA Clients
220 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

For detailed instructions about running the ICA Client Distribution wizard, see
“Installing ICA Client Software” on page 119.

Pass-Through ICA Client

The ICA Client Distribution wizard installs the pass-through ICA Win32 Client on
the server. You can give users who run other ICA Clients access to the features of
Program Neighborhood by publishing the server desktop or publishing Program
Neighborhood as an application.
Users running other ICA Clients can define a single connection to the Program
Neighborhood published application. When users connect to the Program
Neighborhood published application, they can launch all other applications
published on the MetaFrame XP servers in your farm from a single interface.

ICA Client Object

The ICA Client Object specification makes available a set of application
programming interfaces (APIs) to the ICA Win32 Client. Any application that
supports object embedding can interface with and pass instructions to this ICA
Client.
The APIs give Citrix administrators, Web developers, and advanced users of the
ICA Client software the ability to programmatically control the appearance and
behavior of the ICA Win32 Client. With these APIs you can:
• Use the ICA Client Object with commercial desktop applications that support
object embedding, including standard Web browsers such as Internet Explorer
and Netscape Navigator, as well as the Microsoft Office suite of business
applications.
• Integrate ICA functionality into third-party applications.
• Use the ICA Client Object APIs within custom scripts (Visual Basic and
HTML) to programmatically integrate and manipulate the appearance and
behavior of the ICA Client.
For more information about the ICA Client Object, see the Citrix ICA Client Object
Programmer’s Guide, located on the MetaFrame XP Components CD.

Deploying the ICA Clients

The following section explains how to deploy the ICA Clients using Web-based
installation, from a network share point, and with installation diskettes.
You can integrate components of the methods that follow with your existing
electronic software distribution system, or create scripts that permit an unattended
install of the ICA Client software on your users’ devices.
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 221

Using Installer Packages for Client Deployment

The ICA Client for Win32— full Program Neighborhood and Program
Neighborhood Agent versions—are both available in Microsoft Windows installer
packages (.msi files), so you can use Windows Installer technology to deploy and
install them. You can distribute the ICA Win32 Client installer package files to
users by using Microsoft Systems Management Server (SMS) or Active Directory
Services in Windows 2000.
See your Windows 2000 or Systems Management Server documentation for more
information.
The ICA Win32 installer package files are located in the following directories
(substitute language with the language of the ICA Client software) on the
MetaFrame XP Components CD included in the MetaFrame XP Feature Release 2
media pack:
Icaweb\language\ica32
where language is one of:
• En (English)
• Fr (French)
• De (German)
• Ja (Japanese)
• Es (Spanish)
The installer package for the Program Neighborhood Agent is also located in the
directory Icainst\language\ica32\pnagent.

Note The Windows Installer service is present by default on computers running

Windows 2000. If the computer is running Windows NT 4.0 or Windows 9x, you
must install Windows Installer.

Web-Based Installation
More companies are turning to Web-driven technology to deliver information and
applications to their employees. For large enterprises and ASPs, Web-based
delivery can greatly automate repetitive tasks and centralize control of
configuration options. Large organizations naturally want to minimize user
involvement with software installation.
222 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

For companies that are not using Citrix NFuse, Citrix offers an installation method
that uses a Web browser on the client device as the interface for downloading the
ICA Client. Users access a setup page containing a link to the appropriate ICA
Client setup program.
If you want to set up an ICA Client download Web site on a Windows-based Web
server, you can download the components and documentation for Web-based
installation from the download area of the Citrix Web site at http://www.citrix.com/
download.

Tip If you are planning to implement a Citrix NFuse system, see the NFuse
Classic Administrator’s Guide for information and instructions about deploying the
ICA Clients with NFuse Classic.

Deploying ICA Clients Over a Network

To deploy ICA Client software from a network share point
1. If you have not done so already, run the ICA Client Distribution wizard to copy
the ICA Client files from the MetaFrame XP Components CD to your
MetaFrame XP server.
2. Copy the ICA Client files to a network share point. For example, if you are
deploying the ICA Win32 Client, copy all files from \ICA32. The ICA Client
Distribution wizard copies this folder to the location
%SystemRoot%\System32\Clients\Ica on the server.
3. Supply your users with the path to the client software setup program. .
4. To install the ICA Client software, launch Setup to begin the installation
process. For more information about installing the ICA Clients from a network
share point, see the Administrator’s Guide for the required ICA Client.

Deploying ICA Clients Using Diskettes

Use the ICA Client Creator to create installation disks for the ICA Client for DOS,
the ICA Client for Windows 95/98/Me/NT, and the ICA Client for Windows 3.x.
The procedure is described below. For more information about installing the ICA
Clients from installation diskettes, see the Administrator’s Guide for the required
ICA Client.
Installation files for other ICA Clients are contained in the following folder:
%SystemRoot%\System32\Clients\Ica. You can copy the files for the required ICA
Client to create installation diskettes.
You can also distribute diskettes to remote users who require the ICA Client but do
not have access to a common network share point.
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 223

To use the ICA Client Creator to make installation diskettes

1. If you have not done so already, run the ICA Client Distribution wizard to copy
the ICA Client files from the MetaFrame XP Components CD to your
MetaFrame XP server.
2. From the Start menu, choose Programs > Citrix > MetaFrame XP > ICA
Client Creator. The Make Installation Disk Set dialog box appears.
3. Select the desired ICA Client. The dialog box displays the number of disks you
will need.
4. Select Format Disks to format the disks when creating the installation media.
5. Click OK and follow the directions to copy the ICA Client files to diskettes.

Updating the ICA Clients

Use the Client Auto Update feature to update ICA Client installations with new
versions of ICA Client software. As new versions of ICA Clients are released by
Citrix, you add them to the Client Update Database. New versions of ICA Clients
are released periodically and can be downloaded from the Citrix Web site at
http://www.citrix.com/download.
When users log on to a MetaFrame server, the server queries the ICA Client to
determine the version number. If the version matches the one in the Client Update
Database, the logon continues. If the server detects an older version on the client
device, the user is informed that a newer version of the ICA Client is available for
download. The user can update the client according to the options you set in the
database.
Client Auto Update works with all transport types supported by ICA (TCP/IP, IPX,
NetBIOS, and asynchronous). Client Auto Update supports the following features:
• Automatically detects older ICA Client files
• Copies new files over any ICA connection without user intervention
• Provides administrative control of update options for each ICA Client
• Updates ICA Clients from a single database on a network share point
• Safely restores older ICA Client versions when needed

Important Client Auto Update can update client files to newer versions of the
same product and model. For example, it can update the ICA Win32 Client to a new
version. It cannot upgrade the ICA Win16 Client to the ICA Win32 Client.
224 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

The ICA Client Update Process

ICA Clients are identified by platform with a product and model number. The
version number is assigned when new ICA Clients are released.
The process of updating ICA Clients with new versions uses the standard ICA
protocol.
• If an update is needed, by default, the MetaFrame XP server informs the user
that a new client is available and asks to perform the update. You can specify
that the update occurs without informing the user and without allowing the user
to cancel the update.
• By default, the user can choose to wait for the client files to finish downloading
or to download the files in the background and continue working. Users
connecting to the MetaFrame XP server with a modem get better performance
waiting for the update process to complete. You can force the client update to
complete before allowing the user to continue.
• During the update, new ICA Client files are copied to the user’s computer. You
can force the user to disconnect and complete the update before continuing the
session. The user must log on to the MetaFrame XP server again to continue
working.
• When the user disconnects from the server and closes all client programs, the
ICA Client update process finishes.
• As a safeguard, the existing ICA Client files are saved to a folder named
Backup in the Citrix\ICA Client subdirectory of the Program Files directory on
the user’s local drive.

Configuring the Client Update Database

You can configure a Client Update Database on each MetaFrame XP server in a
server farm, or configure one database to update the ICA Clients for multiple
MetaFrame XP servers.
Use the ICA Client Distribution wizard to create or update the ICA Client Update
Database. The wizard appears during MetaFrame XP Setup. If you skipped the
wizard during MetaFrame XP Setup, run the wizard by selecting Start > Programs
> Citrix > MetaFrame XP > ICA Client Distribution Wizard. For more
information about the ICA Client Distribution wizard, see page 119.
The Client Update Database contains the following ICA Clients: 32-bit Windows,
16-bit Windows, 32-bit DOS, Macintosh, and several WinCE Clients. As new
versions of the ICA Clients are released by Citrix, you add them to the Client
Update Database.
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 225

Using the Client Update Configuration Utility

Use the Client Update Configuration utility to manage the client update database.
From this utility, you can:
• Create a new update database
• Specify a default update database
• Configure the properties of the database
• Configure client update options
• Add new ICA Clients to the database
• Remove outdated or unnecessary ICA Clients
• Change the properties of an ICA Client in the database
The following sections give an overview of the Client Update Configuration utility.
For details, see the utility’s online help.

To access the ICA Client Update Configuration utility

1. From the Start menu, choose Programs > Citrix > MetaFrame XP > ICA
Client Update Configuration.
2. The ICA Client Update Configuration window appears. The status bar shows
the location of the current update database, which the MetaFrame XP server
uses to update ICA Clients. The window shows the ICA Clients in the database.
226 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Creating a New Client Update Database

The ICA Client Distribution wizard creates the Client Update Database in the
location %SystemRoot%\Ica\ClientDB. You can create a new update database in
any location on a server disk or on a network share point.

To create a new update database

1. From the Database menu, choose New. The Path for the new Client Update
Database dialog box appears.
2. Enter the path for the new update database and click Save. The utility creates a
new update database in the specified location and opens the new database.

Specifying a Default Client Update Database

You can configure one Client Update Database to be used by multiple MetaFrame
XP servers. If the Client Update Database is on a shared network drive, use the ICA
Client Update Configuration utility to configure your MetaFrame XP servers to use
the same shared database.

To set the default database for MetaFrame XP servers

1. From the Database menu, choose Open.
2. Specify the path to the default database and click Open. The database opens.
3. On the Database menu, click Set Default. The Set Default Database dialog
box opens:
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 227

4. Select Set as Default Database on Local Machine to make the currently

opened database the default database. You can also set other MetaFrame XP
servers to use the currently open database as the default database.
5. Double-click a domain name to view the servers in that domain. Click a server
to set its default database to the currently open database. You can select multiple
servers by holding down the CTRL key and clicking each server.
6. Click OK.

Configuring Default Client Update Options

Use the Database Properties dialog box to configure overall database-wide
settings for the current Client Update Database. Choose Properties from the
Database menu to display the dialog box.

• The Database Path box displays the path and file name of the database you are
configuring.
• The Enabled check box must be selected for this database to perform ICA
Client updates.

Tip If the ICA Clients do not need to be updated, disable the database to
shorten your users’ logon time.
228 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

• The options in the Default update properties for clients section specify the
default behavior for the ICA Clients added to the database. You can also set
properties for individual ICA Clients (as described later in this chapter).
Individual ICA Client properties override the database properties.
• Under Client Download Mode, select Ask user to give the user the choice
to accept or postpone the update process. Select Notify user to notify the
user of the update and require the client update. Select Transparent to
update the user’s ICA Client software without notifying or asking the user.
• Under Version Checking, select Update older client versions only to
update only client versions that are older than the new client. Select Update
any client version with this client to update all client versions to this
version; choose this option to force an older client to replace a newer client.
• Under Logging, select Log downloaded clients to write an event to the
event log when a client is updated. By default, errors that occur during a
client update are written to the event log. Clear the Log errors during
download check box to turn this option off.
• Under Update Mode, select the Force disconnection option to require
users to disconnect and complete the update process after downloading the
new client. The Allow background download option is selected by default
to allow users to download new client files in the background and continue
working. Clear this check box to force users to wait for all client files to
download before continuing.
• Specify the number of simultaneous updates on the server. When the specified
number of updates is reached, new client connections are not updated. When the
number of client updates is below the specified number, new client connections
are updated.
Click OK when you finish configuring the database settings.

Adding ICA Clients to the Client Update Database

When you want to deploy a newer version of the ICA Client, add it to the Client
Update Database. You can download the latest ICA Clients from the Citrix Web site
at http://www.citrix.com/download.

To add a Citrix ICA Client to the Client Update Database

1. From the Client menu, click New to display the Description screen.
2. In the Client Installation File box, browse to or enter the path to the client
installation file Update.ini. If you ran the ICA Client Distribution wizard, you
can find the Update.ini file in System32\Clients\Ica. You can also find the
Update.ini file on the MetaFrame XP Components CD.
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 229

3. The client name, product number, model number, and version number are
displayed. The Comment text box displays a description of the new client. You
can modify this comment. Click Next to continue.
4. The Update Options dialog box appears. The options in this dialog box specify
how the client update process occurs for this client. The database-wide update
options are displayed. You can specify different behavior for individual clients.
230 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

For definitions of the options in this dialog box, see “Configuring Default Client
Update Options” on page 227, or see the online help for this dialog box. Click
Next when you finish configuring the client update options.
5. The Event Logging dialog box appears.
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 231

The database-wide logging options are displayed. You can specify different
behavior for individual clients. Select Log Downloaded Clients to write an
event to the event log when this client is updated. By default, errors that occur
during a client update are written to the event log. Clear the Log Errors During
Download check box to turn this option off. Click Next to continue.
6. The Enable Client dialog box appears.
232 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

The Client Update Database can contain multiple versions of an ICA Client
with the same product and model numbers. For example, when Citrix releases a
new version of the ICA Win16 Client, you add it to the Client Update Database.
However, only one version of the client can be enabled. The enabled client is
used for client updating.
7. Click Finish to copy the ICA Client installation files into the Client Update
Database.

Removing an ICA Client From the Client Update Database

It is important to delete ICA Clients that are not used from the Client Update
Database. A database that contains multiple versions of the same client significantly
slows the checking procedure that is carried out each time a user connects to the
server.

To remove an ICA Client from the database

1. Select the ICA Client you want to remove from the database.
2. From the Client menu, choose Delete. A message asks you to confirm the
deletion.
3. Click Yes to remove the client.
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 233

Changing the Properties of an ICA Client in the Database

Use the Properties dialog box to set properties for an individual ICA Client.
Individual ICA Client properties override the database properties.

To change the properties of an ICA Client in the Client Update Database

1. Select the client you want to change.
2. On the Client menu, choose Properties. The Properties dialog box appears.

3. The Description tab lists the client name, product number, model number, and
version number. Select the Enabled check box to update the same platform ICA
Client to this version. Optionally, enter a new comment in the Comment box.
4. Use the Update Options tab to configure update options for the client.
• Under Client Download Mode, select Ask user to give the user the choice
to accept or postpone the update process. Select Notify user to notify the
user of the update and require the client update. Select Transparent to
update the user’s ICA Client software without notifying or asking the user.
• Under Version Checking, select Update older client versions only to
update only client versions that are older than the new client. Select Update
any client version with this client to update all client versions to this
version. Select this option to force an older client to replace a newer client.
234 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

• Select the Force Disconnection option to require users to disconnect and

complete the update process after downloading the new client.
• Select the Allow Background Download option to allow users to download
new client files in the background and continue working. Clear this check
box to force users to wait for all client files to download before continuing.
• Type a message to be displayed to users when they connect to the server.

5. Use the Event Logging tab to configure logging settings for this client.
• Select the Log Downloaded Clients option to write an event to the event
log when a client is updated.
• Select the Log Errors During Download option to write errors that occur
during a client update to the event log.
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 235

6. Use the Client Files tab to view the list of files associated with this client.

The Client Update Database stores the following information about each client
file: file name, group, flags, file size, and file CRC.
7. Click OK when you finish configuring the settings for the client.
236 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

ICA Client Deployment Practices

This section provides examples of ICA Client deployment practices for a large
manufacturing enterprise, a regional bank, an application service provider, and an
insurance company.

Manufacturing Enterprise
The Best Paper Company employs approximately 30,000 people, located in shop-
floor sites and remote offices in several countries. The enterprise has many pockets
of MetaFrame XP installations, each owned and managed by a different team.
Published applications include PeopleSoft and Oracle Manufacturing and
Financials.
The networking environment includes the following:
• Ethernet LANs
• Frame Relay WAN
• Internet connections for remote users
• TCP/IP network protocol
• Thousands of 486 PCs running Windows 95, thousands of Pentium PCs running
Windows 2000
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 237

The Best Paper Company is using Citrix NFuse Classic to give users access to
critical applications. The company’s existing MetaFrame XP server farms function
as an application serving back-end. The server farm supplies application set
information and hosts published applications.
Application sets are delivered to groups or individual users, based on their role in
the company. An employee launches a Web browser to access the NFuse Classic
logon page. When the employee is authenticated to the server farm, the application
set assigned to the employee is displayed within the browser. To start an
application, the employee clicks a hyperlink on the NFuse site.
The company uses NFuse’s built-in Web-based ICA Client Installation feature to
deploy the ICA Client software. When a user launches an application, the user’s
computer is checked for the ICA Client software. If the client is not detected, the
user’s platform is identified and the appropriate ICA Client software is presented
for download and setup.
The Web browser and ICA Client work together as viewer and engine. The browser
displays the user’s application sets and the ICA Client launches applications.
For more information about NFuse, see the NFuse Administrator’s Guide.

Regional Bank
Lenders Bank has 500 employees in its headquarters and 15 branch locations. The
bank’s staff connects to MetaFrame XP servers to run more than 60 applications,
including Ceridian and Transcend-Banker financial applications, Microsoft Office
2000, Microsoft Outlook, and AS/400 applications.
The networking environment includes the following:
• Ethernet LANs
• Secured Fractional T1, 56K leased lines
• TCP/IP network protocol
• One hundred 486 PCs, Wyse Winterm Windows-based terminals
The bank’s IT department used the Web-based ICA Client Installation package
(without NFuse) to construct an ICA Client download Web site, integrated into the
bank’s Intranet, for ICA Client software deployment. The IT department posted
user-friendly instructions that walk users through downloading and installing the
ICA Client software.
For more information about constructing an ICA Client download Web site, see
“Using Installer Packages for Client Deployment” on page 221 of this guide. The
elements required to construct an ICA Client download Web site can also be
obtained from the Citrix Web site at http://www.citrix.com/download.
238 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Application Service Provider

LinkToUs, a commercial ASP, has four data centers, located in the United States,
Canada, and Ireland, serving over 100,000 end-users worldwide. LinkToUs offers
its customers the following connection options:
• Internet
• Virtual Private Network (VPN)
• Frame Relay
• X.15 connections in more than 105 countries
• Private point-to-point lines

LinkToUs customers can choose from a variety of published application set

packages, which can include applications from Microsoft, Onyx, Great Plains,
Sales Logic, and Pivotal.
With the implementation of Citrix NFuse, LinkToUs is now also designing and
hosting highly customized corporate entry portals providing application integration,
personalized Web content, external Web content integration, and search and
categorization features.
 Chapter 9 Deploying ICA Clients to Users 239

LinkToUs works closely with its customers to develop user groups that meet their
needs, and then builds application sets based on these groups. The ASP can display
published applications from several MetaFrame XP server farms, including
MetaFrame XP for Windows and MetaFrame for UNIX servers, in a single Web
page.
The Web developers at LinkToUs created a simple script that allows automatic
download and install of the ICA Win32 Web Client. When end-users access the
corporate portal hosted by LinkToUs for the first time, the ICA Client is
automatically downloaded and installed on the user’s computer.
For more information about NFuse, see the NFuse Administrator’s Guide. For more
information about automatic download and installation of the ICA Clients for the
Web, see the Online Knowledge Base, accessible from the Support area of the
Citrix Web site at http://www.citrix.com.

Insurance Company
Protection Insurance is a mid-sized company with 800 employees. Published
applications include PeopleSoft and customized applications for the insurance
industry from JDI and Prelude. The networking environment includes:
• Ethernet LAN, Internet, and dial-up connections
• TCP/IP network protocol
• Pentium PCs running Microsoft Windows NT
240 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

The purchasing department preconfigures users’ systems to include the latest

version of the ICA Win32 Client. When applications are published, a shortcut to
each application is placed on the user’s Start menu. Users can also launch Program
Neighborhood to access other application sets they have permission to use.
When Citrix releases a new version of the ICA Client, Protection Insurance’s IT
staff adds the client to the Client Update Database. When users initiate their
connections to a MetaFrame XP server, the new ICA Client is “pushed” to their
client devices. The Citrix administrator sets the update options to force users to
disconnect from their ICA sessions and accept the updates. This ensures that all
staff members are using the most current version of the ICA Client.
For more information about Client Auto Update, see “Updating the ICA Clients” on
page 223 of this guide.
 C H A P T E R 10

Making Information Available to

Users

With MetaFrame XP, you can expand users’ access to information. You make
information available to users by publishing applications and files on MetaFrame
XP servers. You then decide whether users should open certain file types with these
published applications or with applications running locally on client devices.
Using MetaFrame’s publishing capability, you can make the following types of
resources available:
• Applications installed on MetaFrame servers. When users access them, the
published applications appear to be running locally on client devices.
You can publish any application that can run on the Windows console (32-bit
Windows applications, 16-bit Windows applications, DOS applications, POSIX
applications, and OS/2 applications).
• The MetaFrame server’s desktop, so users can access all of the resources
available on the server.
• Data files such as Web pages, documents, sound files, spreadsheets, and URLs.
In MetaFrame XP, the combined total of data types you can publish is referred
to as content.

Load Managed Applications

If you are licensed for MetaFrame XPa or MetaFrame XPe, you can use Citrix Load
Manager to publish an application to be hosted on multiple servers.
When a user connects to an application that is published on more than one server in
the server farm, Load Manager determines where to start the ICA session based on
server load.
You can adjust server load calculations for individual servers with Load Manager.
For instructions about configuring load evaluators, see Getting Started with Citrix
Load Manager, available in the Docs folder on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM.
242 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Installation Manager Applications

If you are licensed for MetaFrame XPe, you can install and publish Installation
Manager packages for users to access. Using Installation Manager, you can
simultaneously install an out-of-the-box application on all MetaFrame XP servers
on your network from a single point without manual intervention.
Publishing a Citrix Installation Manager application causes each server that you
specify to download and install the application. Deleting a published Installation
Manager application uninstalls the application from each server that you specified
to run the application.
For more information about using Installation Manager, see Getting Started with
Citrix Installation Manager, located in the Docs directory on your MetaFrame XP
CD-ROM.

Using NFuse Classic to Present Applications

If you want to provide users with access to published applications and content with
a Web-based solution, you can use NFuse Classic if you have a single MetaFrame
XP server farm, or Enterprise Services for NFuse if you have multiple server farms.
For more information about these products, see the Administrator’s Guide for each
of them. These guides are located in the Docs directory on your MetaFrame XP
CD-ROM.

Deciding How Users Access Information

Before you begin publishing applications and content, review your network to
identify obstacles that interfere with effectively managing resources. For example,
you may encounter problems in the following areas:
• Heavy server loads. Users are viewing and downloading applications and files
that consume a lot of bandwidth, which makes your network slow or unusable.
• Security of servers and client devices. Users frequently introduce viruses into
the environment.
• Desktop integrity. Users damage client systems or make them unusable by
misconfiguring them or by installing unauthorized or incompatible software.
To use MetaFrame XP to solve many of these types of problems, review the
following questions:
 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 243

• Which types of applications should users run on MetaFrame servers?

For example, if users introduce viruses and other destructive elements into the
network, publishing email applications, or perhaps all applications, for users to
access on MetaFrame XP servers can add a layer of protection.
If you prefer to have users run applications such as email programs locally, you
can use MetaFrame’s content redirection capability in conjunction with the ICA
Win32 Program Neighborhood Agent to redirect application launching from
client device to MetaFrame server. When users double-click email attachments
encountered in an application running locally, the attachment opens in an
application that is published on the MetaFrame server, associated with the
corresponding file type, and assigned to the user.
• Which types of applications should users run locally on client devices?
For example, users may frequently access file types such as Web and
multimedia URLs when running published applications. Opening these file
types with Web browsers or streaming media players present on MetaFrame
servers can consume a lot of network bandwidth or result in heavy server load.
To free servers from processing these types of requests, you can redirect
application launching for supported URLs from the MetaFrame server to the
local client device.
• Which users should access applications locally and which should access
applications published on MetaFrame XP servers?
To provide a smoother user experience, review your user base, client hardware,
and client operating systems to determine which users should open which types
of applications.
For example, you may publish a financial spreadsheet on a MetaFrame server
for users in your accounting department to access. For security reasons, you
want these users to open the published file with the associated application
published on the MetaFrame server. However, you also published an audio file
of a keynote speech given by the company president. To prevent the MetaFrame
servers from becoming overloaded, you want users to open this file with player
applications on their local client devices.

Managing Users’ Access to Information with Content Publishing

and Content Redirection
With MetaFrame’s capability to redirect application and content launching from
server to client or client to server, referred to as content redirection, access to
information is expanded even more. You decide whether users access information
with remote applications published on MetaFrame servers or with applications
running locally on client devices.
244 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Content redirection provides flexibility when considering application management

and information storage locations and allows you to more effectively manage all of
the resources available in the enterprise. You can also use this capability if your
users connect to resources published on MetaFrame servers through NFuse.
You can use the following methods, or combination of methods, to broaden
information access.
• Use content publishing to provide access to document files, media files, Web
pages, and any other type of file, regardless of storage location. Shortcuts to the
published content are presented to users the same way shortcuts to published
applications are presented.
You can decide whether users open published files with local applications or
with remote applications published on MetaFrame XP servers.
For more information about publishing content, see “Publishing Content” on
page 258.
• Use content redirection to redirect application launching from server to client or
client to server. If a user receives an email attachment in a locally running email
program, you can use content redirection to allow the attachment to be opened
in a remote application published on a MetaFrame server. You can also allow
users to open any Web and multimedia content they encounter while running a
published application with local players, freeing server resources.
You can determine which applications — remote or local — users launch in which
situations.
For more information about content redirection, see “Configuring Content
Redirection” on page 256.

Publishing Applications and Content

When you publish applications, you make applications that are installed on a
MetaFrame XP server easily available to users. Similarly, you publish content to
make documents, media files, URLs and other files available to users.
With application publishing, you can:
• Increase your control over application deployment
• Shield users from the mechanics of the Windows server environment
• Push application icons and shortcuts to user desktops through Program
Neighborhood and the Program Neighborhood Agent
Use the Citrix Management Console to publish applications. With the Citrix
Management Console, you can publish applications on any server in the
MetaFrame XP server farm, including servers that are temporarily out of operation.
 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 245

Citrix Management Console shows

the server farm’s published
applications under the Applications
node (below)

User Access to Published Applications

When you publish applications, user access to those applications is simplified in
several areas.

Addressing. Instead of connecting to a MetaFrame XP server by its IP address or

server name, users can connect to a specific application by whatever name you give
it. Connecting to applications by name eliminates the need for users to remember
which servers host which applications.

Navigation. Instead of requiring users to navigate the Windows interface on

MetaFrame XP servers to find and start installed applications, users can connect
directly to published applications.

User authentication. Instead of logging on to and logging off from multiple

MetaFrame XP servers to access applications, Program Neighborhood users can be
authenticated once to all servers in a server farm and get immediate access to all
applications configured for their user group or specific user names.
246 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Publishing applications for the special Citrix Anonymous user group lets you
completely eliminate the need for user authentication for those applications you
want to provide to all users on your network. For more information, see
“Anonymous Users” on page 249.
Published applications are presented to users running the ICA Win32 Program
Neighborhood Client as application sets. An application set is a user’s view of the
resources published on MetaFrame XP servers that the user is authorized to run.

Note Users running the ICA Win32 Program Neighborhood Client open the
Program Neighborhood interface to connect to applications and content published
on MetaFrame XP server farms. The Program Neighborhood Client runs on
Windows NT 4.0 Workstation, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows Me, Windows
2000, and Windows XP platforms.

Publishing applications in your server farm benefits users of most ICA Clients.
Although the UNIX, Macintosh, DOS, and Web Clients do not support the
complete (server and client-side) administrative configuration of the ICA
connection provided by Program Neighborhood, these ICA Clients do support
connections to published applications.
With the ICA UNIX, Macintosh, and DOS Clients, users benefit from application
publishing’s simplified addressing and desktop navigation when they configure
connections to published applications using their connection configuration
managers.
With the ICA Clients that work with Web browsers (which are available as an
Internet Explorer Active-X control, Netscape plug-in, or Java applet), you can
create Web access that lets users click a link in a Web page to start a published
application. You can use NFuse Classic, Enterprise Services for NFuse, or the
application launching and embedding process to achieve this.

Setting up a Pass-Through ICA Client

When you install MetaFrame, the ICA Win32 Program Neighborhood Client is
installed on the MetaFrame server. To give a broader range of your users the
benefits of Program Neighborhood, you can publish the ICA Win32 Client
application on your MetaFrame XP servers.
Users of the ICA Client on other platforms can define in their connection managers
a single connection to the Program Neighborhood application. After they connect to
Program Neighborhood, they can use the interface to launch all other applications
that are published on all the servers in the server farm.
Use Citrix Management Console to publish the application, as described later in this
chapter; the executable file to publish is Pn.exe. This program file is located at
%SystemRoot%\Program Files\Citrix\Ica PassThrough.
 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 247

Administrative Control of Applications

When you publish applications, you get greater administrative control over
application deployment with:

Selected user access. You publish applications for specific users and user groups.
By definition, an application you publish for a specific user group is unavailable to
other groups.

Enabled and disabled applications. You can temporarily restrict all access to an
application by disabling it. You can enable the application later to return access to
users. This capability is useful when you want to take an application offline for
maintenance.

Multiple-server application hosting. Application publishing, when used in

conjunction with Citrix Load Manager, lets you direct ICA Client connection
requests to the least busy server in a farm of servers configured to run an
application.

Note Citrix Load Manager is part of MetaFrame when you license the family
levels MetaFrame XPa and MetaFrame XPe. Load Manager provides features for
managing server loads in MetaFrame XP server farms. For information about Load
Manager, refer to Getting Started with Citrix Load Manager, available in PDF
format in the Docs directory of the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM and in the
Documentation directory on a MetaFrame XP server.

Using Published Applications

When you publish an application, configuration information for the application is
stored in the data store for the server farm. The configuration information includes
which types of files are associated with the application; properties of the ICA
connection, including its name; users who can connect to the application; and
client-side session properties that include window size, number of colors, level of
encryption, and audio setting.
To users, published applications appear very similar to applications running locally
on the client device. The way users start applications depends upon which ICA
Client they are running on the client device.

ICA Win32 Program Neighborhood Client. After starting Program Neighborhood,

users find a list of applications, called an application set, published for their user
account or user group.
248 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

ICA Client users on UNIX, Macintosh, and DOS. Using connection managers, these
users can browse a list of all applications published on the network and select an
application to run.

Web access. Users who have the ICA Win32 Web Client or the ICA Java Client
can access applications using their Web browsers. You can use NFuse or the
application launching and embedding process to present hyperlinks to published
applications. When users click these links, the published application or content is
launched on the MetaFrame server. For more information about application
launching and embedding, see “Deploying ICA Clients to Users” on page 215.
The ICA Win32 Program Neighborhood Agent integrates hyperlinks to published
applications into the Windows desktop. You must use NFuse to allow users to
connect using the Program Neighborhood Agent. For more information about using
the Program Neighborhood Agent, the ICA Win32 Web Client, or the Program
Neighborhood Client, see the ICA Win32 Client Administrator’s Guide, located in
the IcaClientDoc directory on the Components CD-ROM included in your
MetaFrame XP box.
For information about configuring Web access with NFuse, see the NFuse
Administrator’s Guide, located in the Docs directory on your MetaFrame XP CD-
ROM.

Configuring User Access to Applications

Before you publish applications, consider the network account authority that you
use, and the ways that the configuration of your users’ accounts can affect user
access to applications.
For general information about user account configuration, including use of
Windows NT domains, Windows Active Directory, and Novell Directory Services
(NDS), see “Network Configuration and Account Authority Issues” on page 60.
Publishing applications in MetaFrame server farms lets you set up two types of
application access: explicit user account access and anonymous access.

Note The total number of users, whether anonymous or explicit, who are logged
on to a MetaFrame server farm at the same time cannot exceed the total license
count of all the MetaFrame XP connection licenses in the server farm.
 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 249

Anonymous Users
During MetaFrame XP installation, Setup creates a special user group named
Anonymous. By default, this user group contains 15 user accounts with account
names in the form Anonx, where x is a three-digit number from 000 to 014. By
default, anonymous users have guest permissions.

Note MetaFrame XP cannot create anonymous user accounts on Windows

primary or backup domain controllers. Therefore, you cannot publish applications
for anonymous access on a MetaFrame XP server if it is a domain controller. Citrix
does not recommend installing MetaFrame XP on Windows domain controllers.

If an application you publish on a MetaFrame XP server can be accessed by users

with guest permissions, you can configure the application using Citrix Management
Console to allow access by anonymous users.
When a user starts an application that is configured for anonymous users, the server
does not require an explicit user name and password to log the user on to the server
and run the application.
Anonymous users are granted minimal ICA session permissions, which include the
following properties that differ from standard ICA session permissions for the
default user:
• Ten-minute idle (no user activity) time-out
• Log off from broken or timed-out connections
• No password is required
• The user cannot change the password
When an anonymous user session ends, no user information is retained. The server
does not maintain desktop settings, user-specific files, or other resources created or
configured for the ICA Client.
For more information about configuration of ICA connections on MetaFrame XP
servers, see “Configuring ICA Connections” on page 191.

Configuring Anonymous User Accounts

The anonymous user accounts that MetaFrame XP creates during installation do not
require additional configuration. If you want to modify their properties, you can do
so with the standard Windows user account management tools.
250 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Explicit Users
An explicit user is any user who is not a member of the Anonymous group. Explicit
users have user accounts, which you create, configure, and maintain with standard
user account management tools.
Explicit users who log on to MetaFrame XP server farms to run applications have a
persistent existence: their desktop settings, security settings, and other information
is retained between ICA sessions in a specific user profile.

Important Do not assign any explicit users to the Anonymous group.

Procedures for Publishing Applications

Making applications and content available to users is an integral function of
MetaFrame XP. Use the Citrix Management Console to publish applications on any
server in the farm to which you log on. You do not have to run the Citrix
Management Console from the MetaFrame XP server on which the applications are
installed. The server or servers hosting a published application must be a member of
the server farm.

To publish an application
1. Open Citrix Management Console.
2. Verify that the server you want to host the application is a member of the server
farm. You can find the intended host server or servers under the Servers object.
3. From the Actions menu, choose New > Published Application.
4. Follow the instructions in the Application Publishing wizard. Detailed help for
each step is available by clicking Help.

Tip If you want to publish an application on additional servers, you can drag the
application in the console tree and drop it on MetaFrame XP servers to publish the
application on the servers. The application must already be installed on the servers,
and it inherits its settings from the first server where you published the application.
 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 251

Associating Published Applications with File Types

When you publish applications on MetaFrame XP servers, you can associate the
published applications with certain file types present in the server’s Windows
registry.
Associate published applications with file types to:
• Implement Content Redirection from client to server for users running the ICA
Win32 Program Neighborhood Agent
• Have users open content published on MetaFrame XP servers with applications
published on MetaFrame XP servers

Important If you install and then publish applications after installing MetaFrame
XP, Feature Release 2, you must update the file type associations in the server’s
Windows registry. For instructions for doing this, see “Updating File Type
Associations in the Server Farm” on page 253.

When you associate published applications with file types and then assign the
applications to users, you automatically implement the following:
1. Users running the ICA Win32 Program Neighborhood Agent open all files of
the associated type encountered in locally running applications with
applications published on the MetaFrame XP server.
For example, when users double-click email attachments encountered in an
application running locally, the attachment opens in an application that is
published on the MetaFrame server, associated with the corresponding file type,
and assigned to the user. This feature is named Content Redirection from client
to server.
If you do not want this to occur for any Program Neighborhood Agent users, do
not associate the published application with any file types. If you do not want
this to occur for specific Program Neighborhood Agent users, do not assign
those users to the published application associated with the file type.
For more information about Content Redirection, see “Configuring Content
Redirection” on page 256.
252 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

2. Users connecting through NFuse Classic or using the Program Neighborhood

Agent open published content of the associated file type with the application
published on the MetaFrame server.
For example, you publish a document of the Microsoft Word for Windows type.
This feature is named Content Publishing. When you also publish the Microsoft
Word application, associate it with a list of file types (files with the .doc
extension, for example), and assign it to a group of users, the published content
is opened in the Microsoft Word application published on the MetaFrame
server. This occurs for users when they log on to the NFuse Classic default Web
page and click the link to the published content (the document, in this case).
If you do not want this to occur for any users, do not associate the published
application with any file types. If you do not associate the published application
with any file types, users open the published content with local player or viewer
applications if they are installed on the client devices.
For more information about Content Publishing, see “Publishing Content” on
page 258.
You associate published applications with file types on the last page of the
Publishing wizard or on a published application’s property page.
Depending on how or if you want to redirect application launching, you may need
to publish the same application more than once. Follow the procedures below to
associate published applications with file types:

To associate a published application with file types when running the

Publishing wizard
1. Open Citrix Management Console.
2. If you have not yet published the application, select New > Published
Application from the Actions menu.
3. Follow the instructions on the pages of the Publishing wizard. For detailed
online help, click Help on each page.
4. On the last page of the wizard, select the file types you want to associate with
the published application.

Note When you associate a file type with a published application, several file
extensions can be affected. For example, when you associate the Word
document file type, file extensions in addition to the .doc extension are
associated with the published application.

5. Click Finish when you are done.

 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 253

To associate a published application with file types for an application you

already published
1. Open Citrix Management Console.
2. Expand the Applications node in the left pane to display your published
applications.
3. Right-click the application you want to associate with file types and choose
Properties from the short-cut menu that appears.
4. On the Content Redirection tab, select the file types you want to associate with
the published application.

Note When you associate a file type with a published application, several file
extensions can be affected. For example, when you associate the Word
document file type, file extensions in addition to the .doc extension are
associated with the published application.

5. Click OK when you are done.

Updating File Type Associations in the Server Farm

If you install and then publish applications after installing MetaFrame XP, Feature
Release 2, you must update the file type associations in each server’s Windows
registry.
You can verify which file types are associated with a published application on an
application’s property sheet. You can view all file types associated with published
applications for the entire server farm on the Content Redirection tab, displayed
when you select the server farm in the left pane of the console.
Follow the procedure below to update file type associations in your server farm. If
you publish applications to be hosted on more than one server, be sure to update the
file types for each server.

To update file type associations in the server farm

1. Open Citrix Management Console.
2. Expand the Servers node in the left pane.
3. Right-click a server and select Update File Types from Registry.
254 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Passing Parameters to Published Applications

When you associate a published application with file types, MetaFrame XP
appends the symbols “%*” (percent and star symbols enclosed in double quotation
marks) to the end of the application’s command line. These symbols act as a
placeholder for client-passed parameters.
If a published application doesn’t launch when expected, verify that its command
line contains the symbols cited above. If you do not see these symbols in an
application’s command line, you can add them manually.
If the path to the application’s executable includes directory names with spaces
(such as Program Files), you must enclose the command line for the application in
double quotation marks. To do this, follow the instructions below for adding
quotation marks around the %* symbols and then add a double quotation mark at
the beginning and the end of the command line. Be sure to include a space between
the closing quotation mark and leave the double quotation marks around the percent
and star symbols.
For example, change the command line for the published application Windows
Media Player to the following:
“C:\Program Files\Windows Media Player\mplayer1.exe” “%*”
The following procedures assume you want to add the symbols to the Notepad
application, which is published on a MetaFrame XP server.

To add a parameter placeholder to a published application

1. In Citrix Management Console, expand the Applications node. Select the
application to use and choose Properties.
2. In the Properties dialog box, select the Application Location tab.
3. In the Command Line box, add a space and “%*” (percent and star symbols
enclosed in quotation marks) to the end of the command line. For example, for
the following command line:
C:\Winnt\System32\Notepad.exe
Add “%*” to the end, as follows:
C:\Winnt\System32\Notepad.exe “%*”
4. Choose OK to save the changes.

Creating Files for Application Launching and Embedding

When you run the Application Publishing wizard, you can create the files you need
to allow users to access published applications from a Web page. You must create
two types of files — an HTML file and an ICA file — to enable users to do this.
This process is called Application Launching and Embedding.
 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 255

If you are using Citrix NFuse Classic or Enterprise Services for NFuse, you do not
need to manually create these separate HTML files and ICA files.
The Create HTML File wizard and the Create ICA File wizard walk you through
creating these files. You can create these files during the process of publishing an
application or after you finish publishing an application.

Creating an ICA File

An ICA file contains published application information in Ini file format. You can
create ICA files and distribute them to users. When users double-click ICA file
icons, the published application is launched.
When a user receives an ICA file, the user’s client device initializes a session to run
the specified application on the MetaFrame XP server.

To create an ICA file for an application

1. Select the published application in the Applications folder in the left pane of the
Citrix Management Console. When you select an application, new menu
options and toolbar buttons appear.
2. Click the Create ICA File button on the toolbar, or choose Application >
Create ICA File from the Actions menu.
3. Follow the instructions in the Create ICA File wizard to create your ICA File.

Creating an HTML File

You can easily create an HTML page that presents users with links to published
applications. When users click the link in the HTML file you create, the connection
is implemented through an ICA file. You can also create the ICA file when you
generate the HTML file.

To create an HTML file

1. Select the published application in the Applications folder in the left pane of the
console.
2. Choose Create HTML File from the toolbar or the Actions menu.
3. Follow the instructions in the wizard to create your HTML file.

Removing Published Applications

As you publish updated applications on your servers, you can remove the older or
less-used applications. Removing a published application does not uninstall the
application from the MetaFrame XP server, or make it completely unavailable to
ICA Clients. It simply stops advertising the application’s availability.
256 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

To remove a published application

1. Select the application you want to remove under Applications in the left pane
of the Citrix Management Console.
2. From the Actions menu, choose Delete Published Application.
3. When prompted, confirm the deletion by clicking OK.

Configuring Content Redirection

With Content Redirection, you determine which applications — remote or local —
users launch and in which situations. Use Content Redirection to redirect
application launching from:
• Client to server
• Server to client

Redirecting Content from Client to Server

When you configure Content Redirection from client to server, users running the
ICA Win32 Program Neighborhood Agent open all files of the associated type
encountered in locally running applications with applications published on the
MetaFrame XP server. You must use NFuse Classic to allow users to connect to
published applications with the Program Neighborhood Agent.
The Program Neighborhood Agent gets updated properties for published
applications from the NFuse Classic server. When you publish an application and
associate it with file types, the application’s file type association is changed to
reference the published application in the client device’s Windows registry.
If you have users who run applications such as email programs locally, you can use
MetaFrame’s content redirection capability in conjunction with the ICA Win32
Program Neighborhood Agent to redirect application launching from client device
to MetaFrame server. When users double-click attachments encountered in an email
application running locally, the attachment opens in an application that is published
on the MetaFrame server, associated with the corresponding file type, and assigned
to the user.

Important You must enable client drive mapping to use this feature. You can
enable client drive mapping for the entire server farm, for specific servers, or for
specific users with user policies. For more information about user policies, see
“Creating and Applying User Policies” on page 281.
 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 257

If you do not want this to occur for any Program Neighborhood Agent users, do not
associate the published application with any file types. If you do not want this to
occur for specific Program Neighborhood Agent users, do not assign those users to
the published application associated with the file type.
Follow the procedure below to configure Content Redirection from client to server.

To configure Content Redirection from client to server

1. Determine which of your users connect to published applications using the
Program Neighborhood Agent. Content Redirection from client to server
applies only to those users connecting with the Program Neighborhood Agent.
2. Verify that client drive mapping is enabled. You can enable client drive mapping
for a specific connection using Citrix Connection Configuration or for specific
users by creating user policies.
3. Publish applications you want the Program Neighborhood Agent users to open
on the MetaFrame server.
4. When you publish the application, associate it with file types on the last page of
the Application Publishing wizard.

Redirecting Content from Server to Client

When you enable Content Redirection from server to client, embedded URLs are
intercepted on the MetaFrame server and sent to the ICA Client using the ICA
Control virtual channel. The user’s locally installed browser is used to play the
URL. Users cannot disable this feature.
For example, users may frequently access Web and multimedia URLs they
encounter when running an email program published on a MetaFrame server. If you
do not enable Content Redirection from server to client, users open these URLs
with Web browsers or multimedia players present on MetaFrame servers.
To free servers from processing these types of requests, you can redirect application
launching for supported URLs from the MetaFrame server to the local client
device.
The following URL types are opened locally on ICA Win32 and Linux Clients
when this type of content redirection is enabled:
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
HTTPS (Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
RTSP (Real Player and QuickTime)
258 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

RTSPU (Real Player and QuickTime)

PNM (Legacy Real Player)
MMS (Microsoft’s Media Format)

Note Content Redirection from server to client requires Internet Explorer Version
5.5 with Service Pack 2 on Windows 98 systems.

Follow the procedures below to enable Content Redirection from server to client.

To enable Content Redirection from server to client

1. Determine if you want Content Redirection from server to client to apply for the
entire server farm, for specific MetaFrame servers, or for specific users only.
To apply the behavior to the entire server farm, select the farm in Citrix
Management Console and then click Properties. On the MetaFrame Settings
tab, select the option Enable Content Redirection from server to client.
To apply the behavior to a specific server, select the server in the Servers node
in Citrix Management Console and then click Properties. On the MetaFrame
Settings tab, select the option Enable Content Redirection from server to
client.
To apply the behavior to specific users, create a user policy and enable the rule
Server Content Redirection. Select the option Use Server Content
Redirection. Assign the policy to only those users you want to open supported
URL file types on client devices. For more information about user policies, see
“Creating and Applying User Policies” on page 281.

Publishing Content
You can give users access to information, such as documents, Web sites, and video
presentations, by publishing content for users in the same way that you publish
applications in a MetaFrame XP server farm.
With content publishing, you can publish and manage various types of content and
present it to users with the applications they need. Published content and published
applications appear together through NFuse, Program Neighborhood, and Program
Neighborhood Agent interfaces.
You can configure MetaFrame to allow users to open published content in local
player or viewer applications running on client devices or in applications published
on MetaFrame servers.
 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 259

Publishing Content to be Opened with Applications

Published on MetaFrame Servers
Follow these basic steps if you want users to open published content with
applications published on MetaFrame XP servers.
1. Publish the data file you want users to access. For more detailed instructions for
publishing content, see “Publishing Content on MetaFrame XP Servers” on
page 261.
2. Determine which users you want to open the published content with a published
application.
3. Publish the application that corresponds to the content file type. For example, if
you published a Microsoft Word for Windows document file named
“Quarterly_Sales.doc,” publish Microsoft Word on a MetaFrame XP server. For
more information about publishing applications, see the online Help for the
Application Publishing wizard.
4. When you publish Word, associate the file type “Word document” with the
application.

Note When you associate a file type with a published application, several file
extensions can be affected. For example, when you associate the Word
document file type, file extensions in addition to the .doc extension are
associated with the published application.

5. Assign the published Word to the users you want to open the published
document with the published application.

Publishing Content to be Opened with Applications on

Local Client Devices
When you configure MetaFrame XP to allow users to open published content with
applications running locally on client devices, the ICA Client passes the name of
the published content file to the local viewer application. The MetaFrame XP server
does not download the file to the ICA Client. Instead, the local viewer application
accesses the file the same as it would if a user double-clicked the file in Windows
Explorer (and a file type association specified the application to use).
For example, when a user opens a published Microsoft Streaming Media file in
Program Neighborhood, the Windows Media Player application runs on the client
device to play the content. You can publish any content for users to view with a
local viewer application.
260 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Publishing content does not use ICA Client or MetaFrame XP server resources or
licenses, because local viewer applications do not use ICA sessions to display the
published content.
Follow these basic steps for publishing content for users to access with applications
running locally on client devices.
1. Publish the data file you want users to access. For more detailed instructions for
publishing content, see “Publishing Content on MetaFrame XP Servers” on
page 261.
2. If you happen to publish the application that corresponds to the content file type,
do not associate it with any file types if you want all users to open the published
content with locally installed applications.
However, if you want some users to open the published content with the
published application, you can associate the published application with the
content file type, but only assign the application to those users. For more
information about publishing applications, see the online Help for the
Application Publishing wizard.

Content Publishing Requirements and Limitations

The following requirements and limitations apply when publishing content in
MetaFrame XP server farms:
• You can publish content using Citrix Management Console when a server farm
is in mixed mode for interoperability with MetaFrame 1.8. However, users do
not see published content in Program Neighborhood, Program Neighborhood
Agent, or NFuse if the server farm is in mixed mode.
• Published content appears in Program Neighborhood, Program Neighborhood
Agent, and NFuse Classic application sets, so access to published content
requires that the ICA Client support those features. You cannot create custom
ICA connections to access published content.
• You cannot publish a UNC directory path to display a folder to users of
Netscape Navigator versions prior to 6.0. See “Specifying Locations for
Publishing Content” on page 261 for more information.
• When you publish a file using a network path, users must have permission to
access the file on the network to be able to access it as published content
through MetaFrame XP.
 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 261

Publishing Content on MetaFrame XP Servers

You publish content using Citrix Management Console and the Publishing wizard.
You can select options in the wizard when you publish content, and you can later
check and modify the settings in the Properties dialog box for the published
content.
If you want users to open published content with local applications, the applications
must be associated with published content through Web browser MIME types or
Windows file associations on the client device. No other client-side configuration is
necessary once viewer applications are installed and associations are configured.

To publish content
1. In Citrix Management Console, choose Actions > New > Published
Application to open the Publishing wizard. Enter the information requested in
the wizard and select the options you want to use. To move between pages, click
Next to continue or Back to return to a previous page.
2. Type a name for the content you are publishing in the Display Name box. This
text appears as the name of the icon that represents the published content.
3. When the wizard asks what you want to publish, select Content.
4. In the Content Address box, specify the location of the content by entering a
URL or UNC address. See “Specifying Locations for Publishing Content”
below for more information.
5. After specifying the content address, continue using the wizard to specify other
settings and publish the content.

Specifying Locations for Publishing Content

When you publish content, you can specify the location using a variety of address
formats. You can enter any of the following types of information (examples shown
in parentheses):

HTML Web site address (http://www.citrix.com)

Document file on a Web server (https://www.citrix.com/press/pressrelease.doc)

Directory on an FTP server (ftp://ftp.citrix.com/metaXP)

Document file on an FTP server (ftp://ftp.citrix.com/metaXP/Readme.txt)

UNC file path (file://myServer/myShare/myFile.asf) or

(\\myServer\myShare\myFile.asf)

UNC directory path (file://myServer/myShare) or (\\myServer\myShare)

262 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Important Specifying a UNC directory path does not correctly display the
specified directory to users of Netscape Navigator prior to Version 6.0. Earlier
versions of Navigator incorrectly interpret the path as relative to the Web server. To
publish a directory to such users, consider specifying an FTP directory or listable
Web server directory.

Setting CPU Priority Levels for Applications

By default, MetaFrame XP gives all published applications equal priority for access
to CPU cycles. All application instances run with normal CPU priority.
The default configuration assumes that CPU access by all applications is equally
important. The default configuration does not prevent one application from
consuming resources that are required by other, mission-critical applications
running on the same server.
You can manage some aspects of resource usage by applications through your
deployment methods. For example, you can isolate mission-critical applications by
publishing them on separate servers so less-important applications do not compete
for server resources. You achieve better performance by publishing CPU- and
memory-bound applications on high-performance servers.
MetaFrame XP provides a setting you can apply to published applications to
prioritize their CPU access. You can use the CPU priority settings on servers
running Windows 2000 Server family products.

Note The term published application in this section refers to applications and
MetaFrame XP server desktops that are published for users in the server farm. It
does not refer to published content such as documents and media files.

You can apply a CPU priority setting to each published application. Each instance
of the application that runs in the server farm is affected by the setting. When
multiple servers host the same published application, the setting applies to each
server on which the application runs in the server farm.
If you publish the same application more than once—for separate groups of users,
different host servers, or with different settings, for example—you create separate
published applications; each can have its own CPU priority setting.
You can use this setting in any size server farm, independent of load management
features in MetaFrame XPa and MetaFrame XPe. Load management distributes
connections to MetaFrame servers based on the servers’ loads. In contrast, the CPU
priority setting applies to a published application that runs on any server in the
server farm.
 Chapter 10 Making Information Available to Users 263

Assigning CPU Priority Levels to Applications

When you assign a CPU priority level to a published application, the priority level
that you specify is used by the CPU scheduler on all servers that host the published
application (and for every instance of the application that runs on a server). When a
server is executing multiple applications, the CPU scheduler prioritizes CPU access
by application threads according to the priority level that you assign or the default
priority level.
With this option, you can assign normal or lower CPU priority to Microsoft Internet
Explorer, for example, and assign high CPU priority to an application whose
performance is more important to the enterprise, such as PeopleSoft Human
Resources Management. A higher priority setting gives Human Resources
Management a performance advantage over Internet Explorer when both
applications run on the same server.
You can assign five priority levels (in order from lowest to highest priority): low,
below normal, normal, above normal, and high. The default is normal.

Important High priority indicates a process that performs time-critical tasks. The
threads of a high-priority process preempt the threads of low- and normal-priority
processes. An example is the Task List, which must respond quickly when called by
the user, regardless of the load on the system. Use extreme care when using the
high-priority setting. A CPU-bound application assigned high priority can consume
nearly all available CPU cycles, which can cause unacceptable performance by
other applications running on the server.

The CPU priority option is in the Application Publishing wizard and on the
Application Limits tab in the Properties dialog box for each published
application. You can set the priority level when you first publish applications and
set or change the level for published applications using Citrix Management
Console.

To publish an application and set its CPU priority

1. In Citrix Management Console, choose Actions > New > Published
Application to run the Application Publishing wizard.
2. Proceed through the wizard pages, entering information and selecting options
for the application you are publishing.
3. Select an option from the CPU priority level menu. The default setting is
Normal.
4. Click Next and then proceed through the subsequent screens until you complete
the wizard’s steps.
264 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

To modify the CPU priority of a published application

1. In Citrix Management Console’s left pane, expand the Applications node. Select
the application you want to modify and choose Properties.
2. In the Properties dialog box, select the Application Limits tab.
3. Select an option from the CPU priority level menu. The default setting is
Normal.
4. Click OK to apply the setting and close the dialog box.
 C H A P T E R 11

Managing Users and ICA Sessions

This chapter describes how to manage users and their ICA sessions in a MetaFrame
XP server farm. It includes information about using Citrix Management Console
and Citrix Web Console to monitor users’ connections and the status of ICA
sessions and about creating and applying user policies to control select MetaFrame
settings for users or user groups.
You can perform session-management activities, including logging off, shadowing,
disconnecting, and sending messages to users, using either Citrix Management
Console or Citrix Web Console. Some management and monitoring activities can
be performed only in Citrix Management Console. For more information about
Citrix Management Console, see “Citrix Management Console” on page 161. For
more information about Citrix Web Console, see “Using Setup” on page 128.

Note You may not see some or all of the data described below if you have not
been granted permission to perform these tasks. See your primary Citrix
administrator for more information.

Controlling Logons by ICA Clients

You can control the ability of ICA Client users to establish sessions on the
MetaFrame XP servers in a server farm by enabling or disabling logons. By default,
logons are enabled when you install MetaFrame XP. You might want to disable
logons when you install software or perform other maintenance or configuration
tasks.

To enable or disable logons

An option to enable and disable logons is available on the MetaFrame Settings tab
in each server’s Properties dialog box.
1. Right-click a server in the tree in Citrix Management Console and choose
Properties to display the Properties dialog box.
266 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

2. To disable logons by ICA Client users, clear the checkbox labeled Enable
logons to this server on the MetaFrame Settings tab.
3. To restore the ability of ICA Clients to connect to the server, select Enable
logons to this server.

Controlling User Connections

When logons are enabled, MetaFrame XP servers have no default limit on access to
ICA sessions and published applications by users. In general, users can launch
multiple connections and can connect to any published application that they are
authorized to use.
You can use the connection control feature to control connections to MetaFrame XP
servers and published applications. This feature can help you maintain availability
of resources in a server farm.
Having no limit on connections works best in an environment where users and
published applications are well-behaved. All users have equal access to the
published applications.
Adverse usage conditions in a server farm can degrade performance and reliability.
In an unregulated environment, you might encounter the following problems:
• Errors caused by individual users who run more than one instance of a
published application at the same time.
• Denial-of-service attacks by malicious users who run multiple application
instances that consume server resources and connection license counts.
• Over-consumption of resources by non-critical activities such as Web browsing.
Connection control provides two types of limits, as shown in the following table.

Limit type Description

Concurrent connections in Restricts the number of concurrent connections (ICA sessions)

the server farm that each user in the server farm can establish. See “Limiting Total
Connections in a Server Farm” on page 267.

Published application Restricts the total number of instances of a published application

instances that can run in the server farm at one time, and prevents users
from launching more than one instance of a published application.
See “Limiting Application Instances” on page 267.
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 267

Limiting Total Connections in a Server Farm

When a user launches a published application, the ICA Client establishes a
connection to a MetaFrame XP server and initiates an ICA session. If the user
launches a second published application (without logging off from the first one),
this creates a second concurrent connection in most cases.

Note The seamless session option in the ICA Client enables session sharing, a
mode in which more than one published application runs with a single connection.
If a user runs multiple applications with session sharing, the session counts as one
connection.

To conserve resources, you can limit the number of concurrent connections that
users are permitted to establish. The limit applies to each user who connects to the
server farm. A user’s active sessions and disconnected sessions are counted for the
user’s total number of concurrent connections.
For example, you can set a limit of three concurrent connections for users. If a user
has three concurrent connections and tries to establish a fourth, the limit you set
prevents the additional connection. A message tells the user that a new connection
is not allowed.
Limiting connections can help you maintain availability of ICA connection license
counts as well as prevent over-consumption of server resources by a few users.
You can apply the concurrent connections limit to all users, including members of
the local administrators group. The option Enforce limit on administrators on the
Connection Limits tab in the Properties dialog box for the farm refers to local
administrators. By default, local administrators are exempt from the limit so they
can establish as many connections as necessary.

Limiting Application Instances

By default, users in a server farm have unlimited access to the published
applications that they are authorized to use. MetaFrame XP servers do not limit the
number of instances of a published application that can run at one time in a server
farm. Also, by default, a user can launch more than one instance of a published
application at the same time.
With connection control, you can specify the maximum number of instances of a
published application that can run at one time in the server farm.
For example, you can publish Autodesk AutoCAD and set a limit of 30 concurrent
instances in the server farm. When 30 users are running AutoCAD at the same time,
no more users can launch the application because of the limit of 30 concurrent
instances.
268 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Use the concurrent instances limit to enforce an application’s licensing requirement,

for example.
Another connection control option lets you prevent any user from running multiple
instances of a particular published application. With some applications, running
more than one instance in a single user context can cause errors on the server.
You can apply application limits independently to each published application. For
example, you can apply the limitations on total concurrent instances and multiple
instances by a single user to one published application. You can limit only the total
concurrent instances of another application. You can configure a third application to
limit launching of multiple instances by individual users.

Configuring Connection Control Settings

You can use connection control to manage published applications and published
desktops only. Connection control options do not apply to published content such as
documents and media files, which execute on the client device. For more
information about publishing, see “Making Information Available to Users” on
page 241.
Connection control is implemented entirely on MetaFrame XP servers. The ICA
Client contains no configuration options related to connection control. Connection
control affects ICA Client users only if a connection attempt is prevented. If a user’s
connection exceeds a connection limit, the client displays a message that describes
why the connection is not available.
You configure connection control settings, including the option to log events related
to connection control, in Citrix Management Console.
The option to limit each user’s total concurrent connections in the server farm is on
the MetaFrame Settings tab in the Properties dialog box for the server farm.
Options for limiting application instances are on the Connection Limits tab of the
Properties dialog box for each published application. These options also are
available in the wizard that you use to publish applications.

To limit concurrent connections in a server farm

Use this procedure to set the number of concurrent connections that each user can
establish in the server farm.
1. In Citrix Management Console, right-click the farm node and choose
Properties.
2. In the Properties dialog box, select the Connection Limits tab.
3. Select Maximum connections per user to limit each user’s concurrent
connections. Enter the number of concurrent connections to allow for each user.
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 269

4. If you want the connection limitation to apply to everyone, including local

administrators, select Enforce limit on administrators.
5. Click OK to apply the settings and close the dialog box.

To publish an application or desktop with application limits

1. In Citrix Management Console, choose Actions > New > Published
Application to run the Application Publishing wizard.
2. Proceed through the wizard pages, entering information and selecting options
for the application you are publishing.
3. Under Concurrent Instances, select one or both of the following options:
• Limit instances allowed to run in server farm. Select this option and enter
the maximum number of instances that can run at one time in the server
farm (without regard to who launches the application).
• Allow only one instance of application for each user. Select this option to
prevent any user from running more than one instance of this application at
the same time.
4. After you enter all required information and select the options to use, click
Finish to publish the application.

To set application limits on a published application or desktop

1. In Citrix Management Console, right-click the published application or desktop
and choose Properties.
2. In the Properties dialog box, select the Application Limits tab.
3. Configure the following options:
• Limit instances allowed to run in server farm. Select this option and enter
the maximum number of instances of this application that can run in the
server farm at one time.
• Allow only one instance of application for each user. Select this option to
prevent each user from running more than one instance of this application at
the same time.
4. Click OK to apply the settings and close the dialog box.

Logging Connection Control Events

A setting that controls logging of connection control events is on the MetaFrame
Settings tab in the Properties dialog box for the server farm. Use the option to
enable or disable event logging for the entire farm. By default, event logging is
disabled.
270 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Event logging records an entry in the System log each time a server denies a user
connection because of a connection control limit. Each server records the data in its
own System log.
The following limits can result in connection denials, which the system records if
logging is enabled.

Maximum connections per user. You can limit users to a maximum of five
connections, for example. If a user tries to launch a sixth connection, the server
denies the connection request and records the user’s name and the time in the
System log.

Application instances. You can limit a published application to 10 concurrent

instances, for example. If a user tries to launch the application when 10 instances
are running, the server denies the connection request and records the user name, the
time, and the name of the published application in the System log.
This limit option is labeled “Limit instances allowed to run in server farm” on the
Properties sheet for each published application.

Application instances per user. You can configure a published application to allow
each user to run only one instance of the application. If a user tries to launch a
second instance of the application, the server denies the connection request and
records the user name, the time, and the name of the published application in the
System log.
This limit option is labeled “Allow only one instance of application for each user”
on the Properties sheet for each published application.

To enable logging of connection control events

1. Right-click the farm node in Citrix Management Console and choose
Properties.
2. In the Properties dialog box, select the MetaFrame Settings tab.
3. Select Enable logging of over-the-limit denials.
4. Click OK to apply the setting and close the dialog box.

Monitoring and Managing ICA Sessions

You can use Citrix Management Console and Citrix Web Console for monitoring
and management of your user’s ICA sessions. You can use the consoles to:
• Monitor ICA sessions according to the published applications and MetaFrame
XP servers to which they are connected
• Send messages to users in active ICA sessions
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 271

• Reset or disconnect sessions and log off users

• Use shadowing to monitor and remotely control selected sessions
This section describes how to use Citrix Management Console for session
monitoring and management. If you need help performing these actions in Citrix
Web Console, click the Help button that is displayed in the Web console.

Viewing Information About ICA Sessions

Several tabs in Citrix Management Console display information about ICA sessions
in table format. Each row in the table lists details for one ICA session. You can use
different views in the console to monitor user sessions based on the published
applications that users are connected to, or the servers where the ICA sessions are
established.
Active sessions appear on several tabs when a MetaFrame XP server has active ICA
Client sessions:
• When you select a published application in the tree, sessions that are running the
application appear on the Users tab
• When you select a server, sessions that are running on the server, including
console sessions, appear on the Users and Sessions tabs
• When you select the Servers node in the tree, the Users tab displays sessions
running all servers; console sessions do not appear on this tab

For example, if you select a published application, the Users tab in the right pane
displays the sessions in which the selected application is running. The information
appears in columns, which display the user name, client device name, session ID
number, the state of the session, and the time of logon.
272 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Session Information Displayed in the Console

On the tabs that display ICA session information, each row represents one ICA
session. You can click the column headings to sort the information. When you click
the active sort heading, you reverse the sort order. You can rearrange the
information in the table by dragging a column heading to a new position.
The session information that appears in the console includes details that help you
identify the various types of sessions and the users associated with the sessions. The
following column labels appear on tabs that display session information.

Session. The Session column identifies a session with a name that includes the
protocol that the session uses, usually ICA or RDP (for Microsoft’s Remote Display
Protocol). The name also includes the network protocol for the session, and a
number that distinguishes the session from other sessions that are running on the
server.

User. The name of the user account that initiates a session appears in the User
column for each session. In the case of anonymous connections, the user name is a
string with the letters “Anon” followed by a session number.

Session ID. The Session ID is a unique number that begins with 0 for the first
connection to the console. Listener sessions are numbered from 65,537 and
numbered backward in sequence.

State. A session’s state is listed as Active, Listen, Idle, Disconnected, or Down.

The meaning of session state labels is explained in the following section, which
describes commands you use for managing sessions on MetaFrame XP servers.

Type. The type of connection being used to connect to the server, ICA or RDP, for
example.

Client name. This column displays the name of the client device that is running the
session.

Idle Time. The amount of time during which the user has not interacted with the
application.

Using Session Management Commands

In Citrix Management Console and Citrix Web Console you can select ICA
sessions and choose commands to manage the sessions.
In Citrix Management Console, use the Actions menu and the toolbar buttons to
choose session management commands. You can right-click a session in the
console and choose commands from the menu that appears.
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 273

In Citrix Web Console, session-management commands are available when you

select a session by clicking the check box to the left of the User name.

To display session information, click the Session link on the left of the Web console
page.

Disconnecting ICA Sessions

To disconnect an ICA session, choose Disconnect. When you disconnect a session,
you close the connection between the ICA Client and the MetaFrame XP server.
However, this does not log off the user, and programs that were running in the
session are still running on the server. If the ICA Client user then connects to the
server (by selecting a published application or custom connection to the server), the
disconnected session is reconnected to the client.

Connecting to Disconnected Sessions

When an ICA session is disconnected, the word “Disconnected” appears in the
State column on the tabs in Citrix Management Console where session information
appears.
You can connect to a user’s disconnected session by choosing Connect. Your
session must be capable of supporting the video resolution of the disconnected
session. From the system console, you can connect only to sessions that were
disconnected from the console.
274 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Sending Messages to Users

You can send a message to a user by selecting the user’s sessions and choosing
Send Message. You can select multiple sessions to send a message to multiple
users at the same time. For information about viewing sessions, see “Viewing
Information About ICA Sessions” on page 271.
To broadcast a message to all users, you can select all active user sessions in the
right pane in the console.
In the Send Message dialog box, you can type a message title; the user name of the
Citrix administrator who is logged on to the console and the current time appear in
the Title box by default. Type the message text in the Message box. The text you
type automatically wraps to the next line if you type past the right margin.
When you finish typing the message, click OK to send the message to the selected
sessions. (In Citrix Web Console, click Send Message to send the message.)

Resetting ICA Sessions

Resetting a session with the Reset command terminates all processes that are
running in that session. You can use the Reset command to remove remaining
processes in the case of a session error. However, resetting a session can cause
applications to close without saving data.
If you reset a disconnected session, the word Down appears in the State column for
the session. When you refresh the console display or when the next automatic
refresh occurs, the session no longer appears in the list of sessions.
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 275

Resetting All Sessions

Special sessions that listen for requests to connect to the server are identified by the
word Listen in the State column. If you reset a listener session, the server resets all
sessions that use the protocol associated with the listener. For example, if you reset
the ICA listener session, you reset the ICA sessions of all users who are connected
to the server.

Viewing ICA Session Status

You can use the Status command to display user and I/O information about a
session. The Session Status dialog box displays connection statistics, including the
count of incoming and outgoing data that is transmitted in the session and the
number of errors and the compression ratio used in the session. The dialog box also
shows the user name and session name.
By default, the Session Status data is updated every second. You can choose the
command buttons in the dialog box to reset the counters and refresh the data.
• Click Reset Counters in the dialog box to return all counters to zero.
• Click Refresh Now to immediately refresh the displayed data.

Logging Off ICA Sessions

Choose Logoff Selected Session to force a user’s session to end. If you select
multiple sessions, choosing the command ends each selected session.

Important Ending users’ sessions with the Logoff Selected Session command can
result in loss of data if users do not close their applications first. You can send a
message to warn users to exit all applications if you need to log off their sessions.

Viewing Session Details

You can select a session in Citrix Management Console and choose Session
Information to view detailed information about the processes, settings, ICA Client
software, and client cache associated with the selected ICA session.

Viewing and Terminating Processes

If you need to terminate a process started by an ICA session, select an ICA Client
session and select the Processes tab in the right pane of the console. You can right-
click a process and choose the Terminate command to terminate the process.
276 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Reconnecting ICA Sessions Automatically

If ICA sessions are disconnected because of unreliable networks, highly variable
network latency, or range limitations of wireless devices, the result is lost
productivity for users who must manually reconnect to their applications.
Unreliable connections, such as WAN links, frequently cause time-out of TCP
retransmission, which can cause loss of an ICA connection.
The auto reconnect feature can detect broken ICA connections and automatically
reconnect to the disconnected sessions. When this feature is enabled, users do not
have to reconnect manually or enter their logon credentials to continue their work.
The ICA Clients for Win32, WinCE, and Java (applet mode only) support auto
reconnect for ICA sessions over TCP. This feature cannot automatically reconnect
anonymous ICA sessions. Also, auto reconnect does not work with the ICA Client
Object.

How Automatic Reconnection Works

When the ICA Client detects unintended disconnection of an ICA session, the client
initiates a reconnection sequence. A message tells the user that the client will
reconnect after a specified interval. Reconnection requires no action by users,
although they can click a button to reconnect immediately or to cancel the process.
Depending on network conditions, it might be necessary to briefly wait before
reconnecting to give the network time to recover from the problem that caused the
disconnection.
The auto reconnect feature does not create additional sessions, which sometimes are
created by manual reconnection. If a server does not detect a dropped connection
and the client reconnects manually, a new ICA session that does not contain the
user’s current workspace is created. Additional sessions are avoided with auto
reconnect because it disconnects a session before reconnecting to it.
Auto reconnect incorporates a re-authentication mechanism based on encrypted
user credentials. When a user initially logs on to a server to use an application,
MetaFrame XP encrypts and stores the user credentials in memory, and sends the
encryption key to the ICA Client. For reconnection, the client submits the key to the
server. The server decrypts the credentials and submits them to Windows logon for
authentication.
For maximum protection of users’ credentials and ICA sessions, use SSL
encryption for all communication between ICA Clients and MetaFrame XP servers.
The ICA Client attempts auto reconnection a set number of times (three by default).
When the server detects a broken connection, it disconnects the session and allows
the client to automatically reconnect during a set time period (five minutes by
default).
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 277

The client and server detect broken connections independently. If the server does
not detect a broken connection (the server considers the session active), the server
does not begin timing the autoreconnection allowed period.
If a client disconnects a session normally (not because of a broken connection), the
server does not allow automatic reconnection. Automatic reconnection does not
occur when users disconnect ICA sessions by exiting applications without logging
off.

Configuring Reconnection Settings

You can do the following to configure automatic reconnection:
• Enable or disable the auto reconnect feature at the server farm level or on
individual MetaFrame XP servers
• Enable or disable auto reconnect functionality at the ICA Client
• Change settings such as the delay between reconnection attempts by the ICA
Client
• Enable or disable logging of reconnection events for the server farm or
individual servers
Use Citrix Management Console to enable and disable automatic reconnection and
reconnection event logging, as described next. Auto reconnect is enabled by default
for all servers in the server farm. Reconnection event logging is disabled by default.
You can use the Acrcfg command to configure autoreconnect settings on
MetaFrame XP servers. See page 310 for information about the command.
By default, auto reconnect is enabled on the ICA Win32 Client. You can disable
auto reconnect functionality completely by setting AutoReconnectEnabled=0 in the
[WFClient] section of the client’s Appsrv.ini file. For more information about client
configuration, see the ICA Win32 Client Administrator’s Guide.
Settings for ICA connections also affect the auto reconnect feature. See “Setting Up
ICA Connections for Auto Reconnect” on page 278 for information.

To enable auto reconnect at the server farm level

By default, the auto reconnect feature is enabled. Use the following procedure to
change the current setting for the server farm.
1. In Citrix Management Console, select the server farm node and choose
Properties.
2. In the Properties dialog box, select the ICA Settings tab.
278 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

3. Click Enable Auto Client Reconnect to enable or disable automatic

reconnection at the server farm level.
4. Click OK to apply the setting and close the dialog box.

To enable or disable auto reconnect at the server level

By default, each server inherits the server farm setting for auto reconnect. Use the
following procedure to change this setting and configure auto reconnect on
individual servers.
1. In Citrix Management Console, select a server and choose Properties.
2. In the Properties dialog box, select the ICA Settings tab.
3. Deselect Use Farm Settings. You can now select Enable auto client reconnect
to enable the feature on the selected server. To disable auto reconnect, clear the
check box.
4. Click OK to apply the settings and close the dialog box.

Setting Up ICA Connections for Auto Reconnect

By default, automatic reconnection is enabled in a server farm. However, if a
server’s ICA TCP connection is configured to reset sessions with a broken
communication link, automatic reconnection does not occur. The auto reconnect
feature works only if the server disconnects sessions when there is a broken or
timed-out connection.
In this context, the ICA TCP connection refers to a MetaFrame XP server’s virtual
port (rather than an actual network connection) that is used for ICA sessions on
TCP/IP networks.
By default, the ICA TCP connection on a MetaFrame XP server is set to disconnect
sessions with broken or timed-out connections. Disconnected sessions remain intact
in system memory and are available for reconnection by the ICA Client.
The ICA connection can be configured to reset, or log off, sessions with broken or
timed-out connections. When a session is reset, attempting to reconnect initiates a
new ICA session; rather than restoring a user to the same place in the application in
use, the application is restarted.
If MetaFrame XP servers are configured to reset sessions, the automatic
reconnection sequence creates a new ICA session on the initial host. This process
requires users to enter their credentials to log on to the server.

To configure the ICA TCP connection for auto reconnect

1. Run Citrix Connection Configuration (choose Start > Programs > Citrix >
MetaFrame XP > Citrix Connection Configuration).
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 279

2. In the Citrix Connection Configuration window, double-click the ica-tcp

connection. The Edit Connection dialog box appears.

3. In the Edit Connection dialog box, click Advanced.

4. In the Advanced Connection Settings dialog box near the bottom, the first
pop-up menu sets the behavior for a broken or timed-out connection.

• If Inherit User Config is selected, you cannot change the setting because
the connection inherits the setting from each user’s profile.
• When Inherit User Config is not selected, you can select one of the
following options to configure the ICA TCP connection:
• Disconnect. The server places broken connections in the disconnected
state. The ICA Client can reconnect automatically without any action by
users.
• Reset. The server resets broken connections. Automatic reconnection
creates a new ICA session and requires users to re-enter credentials.
Be sure to select Disconnect to set up the ICA TCP connection to work with
the autoreconnect feature.
5. Click OK to close the dialog box and the previous dialog box. Then, choose
Connection > Exit to close Citrix Connection Configuration.

To configure an ICA connection for individual users

In the Advanced Connection Settings dialog box, if Inherit User Config is
selected for the setting labeled On a broken or timed-out connection, the
connection inherits the setting from each user’s profile. To view or change the
setting for broken or timed-out connections, do the following to display the
properties for each user.
280 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

On Windows 2000 Server family, use Computer Management to configure user

profiles.
1. Double-click a user to open the Properties dialog box.
2. On the Sessions tab, check the setting under When a session limit is reached
or a connection is broken.
3. Select Disconnect from session to allow automatic reconnection.

Logging Reconnection Events

To enable or disable log entries for automatic reconnection events, use the ICA
Settings tab in the Properties dialog boxes for the server farm or individual
MetaFrame XP servers.
Logging is disabled by default. When logging is enabled, the server’s System log
captures information about successful and failed automatic reconnection events to
help with diagnosis of network problems.
Automatic reconnection can fail if the ICA Client submits incorrect authentication
information (which might occur during an attack) or the server determines that too
much time has elapsed since it detected the broken connection.
Each server stores information about reconnection events in its own System log.
The server farm does not provide a combined log of reconnection events for all
servers.
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 281

Creating and Applying User Policies

You can create user-based policies to apply select MetaFrame settings to specific
Windows domain users or user groups.
By creating and applying user-based policies you can:
• Allow users to shadow other users’ ICA sessions
• Control access to drives, ports, and printers on client devices
• Set a required encryption level for ICA sessions
• Turn off the Auto Client Update feature for specific users
Because policies are applied to users or user groups when they log on to the
MetaFrame XP farm, policies follow users no matter which client devices they use.
A policy’s rules remain in effect for the length of the user’s ICA session. User
policies override similar MetaFrame settings configured farm-wide, at the server
level, or on the ICA Client.
With user policies, you can tailor MetaFrame to meet users’ needs based on their
job functions, geographic locations, or connection types (LAN, WAN, or dial-up).
For example, for security reasons you may need to place restrictions on user groups
who regularly work with highly sensitive data. You can create a policy that requires
a high level of encryption for ICA sessions and prevents users from saving the
sensitive files on their local client drives.
However, if some of the people in the user group do need access to their local
drives, you can create another policy for only those users. You then rank or
prioritize the two policies to control which one should take precedence.
Policy rules have three states: enabled, disabled, or not configured. By default, all
rules are not configured. All unconfigured rules are ignored when users log on to
the MetaFrame server, so the rule only comes into play when the state is enabled or
disabled.
The basic steps for effectively creating and using policies are as follows. These
steps are explained in more detail below.
1. Decide the criteria on which to base your MetaFrame policies.
You may want to create policies for users and user groups based on job function,
connection type, or geographic location, or you may want to use the same
criteria that you use for your Windows 2000 Active Directory group policies.
2. Create the policy. Creating a policy involves the following steps:
• Naming the policy
• Assigning the policy to users
• Setting the policy’s rules
282 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

3. Prioritize or rank your policies

When you create policies for entire user groups, you may find that some
members of the group require exceptions to some policy rules. To more
effectively manage your policies, you can create new policies for only those
users who need exception to a policy’s rules, and then rank the policy for those
individual users higher than the policy for the entire group.

Note Policies are listed in alphabetical order in the right pane of Citrix
Management Console. To view a policy’s priority number and description, you
must set the console’s view mode to Details. Select Details on the View menu.

You can use the Search tool in Citrix Management Console to find which policies
are applied to which users, and to determine the effective rule settings when more
than one policy is applied to the same user.
To use the Search tool, open Citrix Management Console and click the Search
button. See the console’s online Help for more information about Search.

To create a new user policy

1. In Citrix Management Console, right-click the Policies node in the left pane and
choose Create Policy or click the Create Policy button on the console toolbar.
2. Enter the name of the policy in the New Policy dialog box and then click OK.
Examples of policy names are “Accounting Department” or “Remote Users.”
The policy name is displayed in the right pane of the console.
3. You can add a description of the policy by right-clicking the policy and
selecting Edit Description.
4. Apply the policy to users or user groups by right-clicking the policy name and
choosing Assign Users. Double-click a domain name to display user groups.
Select Show users to display individual user accounts.
5. Select the user group and/or users to whom you want to assign the policy and
then click Add.
By default, the policy is allowed for any users or user groups you add to the
configured accounts list. If there are members of the user group you do not want
assigned to this policy, you can add the individual members of the group and
then select Deny to prevent the policy from being applied to them.
Click OK when you are done adding users.
6. You set the policy’s rules on the policy’s property sheet. Double-click the policy
to open its property sheet. Some policy rules are organized into folders. Expand
the folders to view the rules you can apply.
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 283

7. When setting policy rules, determine which settings you want to apply. Click
Enabled to apply the rule to the assigned users or user groups. For more
information about policy rules, select the rule in question and then click Help.
8. Click OK when you are done.

Prioritizing Policies
After you create basic policies using your primary criteria, you may find that you
need to create additional policies for individual users who require exceptions to
some policy rules.
In the following procedure, the interwoven example assumes that you created a
policy for your “Accounting” user group. One of the rules enabled in this policy
prevents the user group from saving data to their local drives. However, two users
who are members of the Accounting group travel to remote offices to perform
audits and need to save data to their local drives.
The steps below describe creating a new policy for Accounting group members
Carol and Martin that will allow them access to their local drives while allowing the
other policy rules to work the same way for them as for all other members of the
Accounting group.

To create exceptions and prioritize policies

1. Determine which users need additional policies to create exceptions.
The policy named “Accounting Profile” that is assigned to the Accounting
group includes a rule that prevents access to local drives. Carol and Martin,
members of the Accounting group, need access to their local drives.
2. Determine which rule or rules you do not want to apply to these users.
You want most of the rules in this policy to apply at all times to all users, with
the exception of the rule that prevents access to local drives.
3. Create a new policy. See “To create a new user policy” on page 282 for more
information. You may want to name this policy “Accounting Profile - local
drive access.”
4. Edit the description of the policy by right-clicking the policy and selecting Edit
Description. You can use policy descriptions to help you keep track of your
policies.
5. Open the policy’s property sheet and locate the rule you do not want to apply to
Carol and Martin. Set the rule’s state to Disabled.
6. Assign users Carol and Martin to the policy by right-clicking the policy name
and choosing Assign Users. Select the Show Users option to display individual
user accounts.
284 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

7. Click OK when you are done adding users.

8. Rank the “Accounting Profile - local drive access” policy higher than the
“Accounting Profile” policy. By default, new policies are given the lowest rank.
To view a policy’s priority number, you must set the Citrix Management
Console’s view mode to Details. To do this, select Details on the View menu.
Right-click the “Accounting Profile - local drive access” policy and select
Priority > Increase Priority until this policy’s priority number is higher than
the “Accounting Profile” policy.

Shadowing ICA Sessions

You can monitor the actions of users in ICA sessions by shadowing their sessions.
A shadowed session is displayed in the session of the shadower, the user who
establishes shadowing.
Shadowing an ICA session provides a powerful tool for you to assist and monitor
users. Shadowing is a useful option for your Help desk staff, who can use it to aid
users who have trouble using an application. Help desk personnel can view a user’s
actions to troubleshoot problems and can demonstrate correct procedures. You can
also use shadowing for remote diagnosis and as a teaching tool.
You can create a user policy to enable user-to-user shadowing. When you create a
policy allowing user-to-user shadowing, users can shadow other users without
requiring administrator rights. Multiple users from different locations can view
presentations and training sessions, allowing one-to-many, many-to-one, and many-
to-many online collaboration. See “Configuring User-to-User Shadowing” on page
286 for more information about user-to-user shadowing.
A shadower can remotely control a shadowed session through the shadower’s
mouse and keyboard, if this action was not prohibited by options selected when
MetaFrame XP was installed on the server.

Important If shadowing restrictions are selected during MetaFrame XP

installation, the restrictions cannot be changed later. For more information, see
“Configuring Session Shadowing” on page 115.

By default, the user who will be shadowed is asked to accept or deny the request to
shadow the ICA session.
You can shadow multiple sessions using Citrix Management Console or the
Shadow Taskbar.
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 285

Shadowing From Citrix Management Console

When you use Citrix Management Console for shadowing, you must start each
shadowing session individually; if you select multiple sessions to shadow, the
Shadow command and button are not available. To start shadowing multiple
sessions at once, use the Shadow Taskbar.
To use Citrix Management Console for shadowing, you must have the ICA Client
installed on the system with the console. The ICA Client is installed by default
when you install MetaFrame XP on a server, but the client is not installed when you
install Citrix Management Console separately on a workstation. You can use the
Citrix MetaFrame XP Components CD-ROM to install the ICA Client on a
workstation.

To shadow a session from the console

1. On the Users or Sessions tab in the right pane of the console, right-click the user
or session that you want to shadow.
2. Choose Shadow from the pop-up context menu.
To begin shadowing, you can also select a user or session listing and click the
Shadow button on the console toolbar.

Using the Shadow Taskbar

To launch the Shadow Taskbar, choose Start > Programs > Citrix > MetaFrame
XP > Shadow Taskbar. The Shadow Taskbar appears as a toolbar at the top of the
console display.

Tip You can click the Shadow Taskbar button on the ICA Administrator
toolbar to launch the Shadow Taskbar.

When the Shadow Taskbar is running and no sessions are being shadowed, the
Shadow button appears alone on the Taskbar. Click the Shadow button and the
Shadow Session dialog box appears.
Use the Shadow Session dialog box to select the sessions you want to shadow. You
can select sessions based on the server, the application, or the users who are
associated with the sessions. You can select multiple sessions in the dialog box to
begin shadowing several sessions at once. Click OK to begin shadowing the
selected sessions.
For more information about shadowing with the Shadow Taskbar, press F1 to view
online help when the Shadow Taskbar is running.
286 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Configuring User-to-User Shadowing

You can monitor the actions of users in ICA sessions by shadowing their sessions.
A shadowed session is displayed in the session of the shadower, the user who
establishes shadowing.
With user-to-user shadowing, you can allow users to shadow other users, without
requiring them to be members of the Citrix Administrators group. Multiple users
from different locations can view presentations and training sessions, allowing one-
to-many, many-to-one, and many-to-many online collaboration.
With user-to-user shadowing, you can enable Help Desk personnel to shadow
users’ ICA sessions or allow your sales department to hold an online meeting to
review sales leads.
The basic steps for configuring user-to-user shadowing are as follows. These steps
are explained in more detail later in this section.
1. Create a user policy that identifies the users who can shadow other users’
sessions
2. Assign the policy to the users to be shadowed
3. Publish the Citrix Shadow Taskbar and assign it to the users who will shadow
4. Instruct these users how to initiate shadowing from their client devices

Note You are prompted to configure shadowing settings during MetaFrame Setup.
If you elected to prohibit shadowing during Setup, you cannot enable shadowing
with user policies. You can also disable shadowing for a particular connection type
using the Citrix Connection Configuration utility. If you disable shadowing in
Citrix Connection Configuration, you cannot enable shadowing with user policies.

Creating User Policies for User-to-User Shadowing

You configure user-to-user shadowing by creating user policies that define users
who can shadow. You then assign the policies to the users you want to be shadowed.

Important You can create and apply a policy that allows Novell Directory Services
(NDS) users to be shadowed. However, you cannot configure NDS users to have
shadowing permissions.

In the following procedure, the interwoven example assumes that you want to
create a policy for your “Sales” user group that allows them to shadow the
department manager, AnthonyR. The sales department uses the user-to-user
shadowing feature for online collaboration on sales leads.
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 287

To create a user policy for user-to-user shadowing

1. Create a new policy. The policy for the sales department is named “Sales Group
Shadowing.” See “Creating and Applying User Policies” on page 281 for step-
by-step instructions for creating user policies.
2. Open the Sales Group Shadowing policy’s property sheet by double-clicking
the policy name.
3. Open the Shadowing folder in the left pane. Select the rule named Configure
User Shadowing.
4. Set the rule’s state to enabled by clicking Rule Enabled.
5. Click Allow shadowing to enable shadowing.
Because the sales manager may work with sensitive data, select the option
Prohibit being shadowed without notification.
If the sales manager does not want other users to be able to take control of his
mouse and keyboard, select the option Prohibit remote input when being
shadowed.
6. Select the rule named Assign Shadowing Permissions in the left pane of the
property sheet.
7. Set the rule’s state to enabled by clicking Rule Enabled.
8. Click Configure to select the users who will shadow the sales manager.
To allow the members of the sales department to shadow the sales manager,
select the Sales user group and then click Add. The user group is listed in the
Configured Accounts list.
Click OK when you are done adding users.
9. The users and user groups you added to the Configured Accounts list are listed
in the right pane of the policy’s property sheet. By default, the shadowing
permission for each user or user group is set to Allow. You can deny shadowing
permissions by clicking Deny.
10. Click OK at the bottom of the policy’s property sheet when you are done
configuring the shadowing rules.
After you create the policy and configure the rules, you must assign the policy to
the users who you want to be shadowed.
288 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

To assign the shadowing policy to users

1. Right-click the Sales Group Shadowing policy and select Assign Users.
2. Select the users you want to be shadowed. To allow the sales manager,
AnthonyR, to be shadowed, select the domain of which he is a member. Click
Show Users to display the individual user accounts in the selected domain.
3. Select the user AnthonyR and then click Add. AnthonyR’s user account is
displayed in the Configured Account list.
4. Click OK when you are done adding users.

Important The list of users permitted to shadow is exclusive for each user to
whom a policy is assigned. For example, if you create a policy that permits user
MichelleF to shadow user LorenaB, this policy allows only MichelleF to shadow
LorenaB, unless you add more users to the list of users who can shadow in the same
policy’s property sheet.

To allow users to shadow other users’ ICA sessions, you can publish the Shadow
Taskbar utility to the users you want to be able to shadow. When users open this
published application, the Shadow Taskbar appears at the top of users’ screens.
For more information about using the Shadow Taskbar to shadow ICA sessions, see
“Using the Shadow Taskbar” on page 285 and the Taskbar’s online help.

Monitoring Performance of Sessions and Servers

Performance monitoring counters for ICA data are installed with MetaFrame XP
and can be accessed from Performance Monitor, which ships with Microsoft
Windows NT 4.0, TSE and the Windows 2000 Server family.
By using Performance Monitor, you can monitor the following ICA-specific
counters:
• Bandwidth and compression counters for ICA sessions and MetaFrame XP
servers
• Bandwidth counters for individual virtual channels within an ICA session
• Latency counters for ICA sessions

Note The entire ICA counter list is exposed only on a MetaFrame XPe server. On
a MetaFrame XPa or MetaFrame XPs server, only latency-related counters are
available.
 Chapter 11 Managing Users and ICA Sessions 289

Performance monitoring provides valuable information about utilization of network

bandwidth and helps determine if a bottleneck exists.

To access ICA performance counters

1. Select Start > Programs > Administrative Tools > Performance.
2. Select System Monitor in the Tree view.

3. Click Add.
4. In the Add Counters dialog box, click the Performance object drop-down list
and select ICA Session.

The ICA performance counters are listed under Select counters from list.
5. Select All Counters to enable all available ICA counters or select Select
counters from list and then highlight the individual counters you need.
290 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

6. Select All Instances to enable all instances of the selected ICA counters or
select Select instances from list and highlight only the instances you need.
In Performance Monitor, the instance list contains all active ICA sessions,
which includes any session (shadower) that is shadowing an active ICA session
(shadowee). An active session is one that has been successfully logged on to
and is in use; a shadowing session is one that initiated shadowing of another
ICA session.

Note In a shadowing session, although you are able to select ICA counters to
monitor, you will see no performance data for that session until shadowing is
terminated.

7. Click Add and then click Close.

You can now use Performance Monitor to view and analyze performance data for
the ICA counters you added. For more information about using Performance
Monitor, see your Windows documentation.
 C H A P T E R 12

Managing Printers for ICA Clients

Users can print documents easily when they run applications on MetaFrame XP
servers. For most users, printing when they use applications in ICA sessions is no
different than printing from applications that run on their own computers.
This chapter describes MetaFrame XP features for making printers available to ICA
Clients and managing printers in MetaFrame XP server farms.
To find step-by-step instructions for using the features that are described in this
chapter, use the online help feature in Citrix Management Console.
For more information about printing configuration and options for ICA Clients, see
the Client Administrator’s Guide for the ICA Clients you plan to deploy.

Overview of Printing with MetaFrame XP

When ICA Client users run applications that are published on MetaFrame XP
servers, they can print to the following types of printers:
• Printers that are connected to ports on the users’ client devices on Windows,
WinCE, DOS, and Mac OS platforms
• Virtual printers created for tasks such as printing from a PostScript driver to a
file on a Windows client device
• Shared printers that are connected to print servers on a Windows network
• Printers that are connected directly to MetaFrame XP servers

Configuration of Printing Devices

The printers that ICA Clients can use can be categorized by connection types. You
can set up three general types of printer connections in a MetaFrame XP server
farm: client connections, network connections, and local connections. Therefore,
this chapter refers to printers in a server farm as client printers, network printers,
and local printers, depending on the type of connection they have in the farm.
292 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Client printers. The definition of a client printer depends on the ICA Client
platform.
• On DOS-based and WinCE client devices, a client printer is physically
connected by a cable to a port on the client device. A PC or Postscript printer
connected to a serial port on a Mac OS system is also considered a client printer.
• On 32-bit Windows platforms (Windows 9x, Windows NT, and Windows
2000), any printer that is set up in Windows (these printers appear in the Printers
folder on the client device) is a client printer. Locally connected printers,
printers that are connected on a network, and virtual printers are all client
printers.

Note Some virtual printers, such as a fax/modem device that is set up in the
Printers folder, might not be available as a client printer in ICA sessions.

When a user shares a client printer through Windows printer sharing, the printer
appears as a network printer to other users.

Network printers. Printers that are connected to print servers and shared on a
Windows network are referred to as network printers. In Windows network
environments, users can set up a network printer on their computers if they have
permission to connect to the print server. When a network printer is set up for use
on an individual Windows computer, the printer is a client printer for the ICA Client
user of that computer.

Local printers. Printers that are connected directly to MetaFrame XP servers are
local printers within a particular server farm. This definition includes a printer that
is connected to the MetaFrame XP server that hosts a user’s ICA session, as well as
printers that are connected to other MetaFrame XP servers in the same server farm.
If a printer is connected to a MetaFrame XP server outside of a server farm (either
the server is not a member of a server farm or is a member of a different server
farm), the server farm considers the printer a network printer, not a local printer.

Client Printing in ICA Sessions

The following list summarizes the types of printers that can be available for an ICA
Client, based on the printer definitions above. Depending on the user’s platform and
the printers that exist in the farm, a user who connects to a MetaFrame XP server
and runs a published application or desktop in an ICA session can print to the
following:
• The user’s own client printers
• Network printers that are set up for the farm
 Chapter 12 Managing Printers for ICA Clients 293

• Local printers on the MetaFrame XP server that hosts the user’s ICA session
• Local printers on other MetaFrame XP servers that are set up for use in the farm
It is important to note that printer availability can vary with the client device. For
specific information about printing capabilities, see the Client Administrator’s
Guide for each ICA Client you plan to deploy.

Printing Configuration Scenarios

The previous section describes printers that can be used by ICA Clients. Some
printers can be used without being set up specifically for use in a MetaFrame XP
server farm. For example, you can make client printers available for ICA Client
users on Windows devices without configuring printers on each client device.
This section describes when and how you need to set up and configure printers for
ICA Clients. It gives an overview of the configuration features available in
MetaFrame XP through Citrix Management Console.
The steps required to set up printers for use by your ICA Client users depends on
the configuration of the clients, the type of printers you use and their connections,
and the configuration of your application servers.
For example, two scenarios for printing appear below. For more information about
the printer management setup mentioned in these scenarios, see the feature
descriptions later in this chapter.

Scenario 1: Printers Installed on Windows Clients

ICA Client users run Windows NT Workstation on their computers. Printers are
already set up for all users on their client devices (so they can print from
applications that they run locally). Some users have PC printers connected directly
to their computers, while others print to shared network printers.
In this type of environment, you can set up printers in the server farm by simply
installing printer drivers on a MetaFrame XP server and using the replication
feature in Citrix Management Console to distribute the drivers to all the servers in
the farm.
• The printers that users normally print to are available automatically when they
connect to MetaFrame XP servers, because MetaFrame XP creates each user’s
client printers for use during ICA sessions.
• Because printer drivers installed on Windows NT Workstation computers are
the same drivers you install on Windows NT 4.0 Terminal Server and Windows
2000 MetaFrame XP servers, you do not need to set up printer driver mapping.
Mapping is necessary when the printer drivers you install for Windows 9x client
computers and Windows servers have different names.
294 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

• When users print from applications running on MetaFrame XP servers, the

installed client printers appear in Windows in the following form: #clientname/
printername. The clientname is the name of the client device and printername is
the name for the installed client printer.

Scenario 2: Network Printers in a Mixed Environment

In a typical mixed computing environment, users run ICA Clients on a variety of
operating systems. Some, but not all users, might have printers connected to their
client devices. Shared printers on network print servers might be available to all
users, but they might not be set up because users are untrained or because
administrators do not want to set up individual clients in a new network deployment
or an application service provider environment.
In these situations, you can make printers available easily through MetaFrame XP.
MetaFrame XP can autocreate client printers for the workstations that have printers
installed. For the entire user base, you can set up network printers to be used by
ICA Client users on all client platforms.
• You make printers that are already installed on client computers available in
ICA sessions by installing printer drivers on a MetaFrame XP server and using
the replication feature in Citrix Management Console to distribute the drivers to
all servers in the farm. MetaFrame XP auto creates these client printers when
users connect to servers in the farm.
• When some users have Windows 9x client workstations, you map client printer
drivers to the drivers you install on MetaFrame XP servers. This is necessary
when driver names (for the same printer) are different on Windows 9x and
Windows servers. Driver mapping is not necessary for Windows NT
Workstation or Windows 2000 clients, which use the same printer drivers as
Windows servers.
• You import network print servers into the MetaFrame XP server farm to make
the shared printers available to all users when they connect to servers in the
farm.
• If some client printer drivers are not compatible with the MetaFrame XP server
platforms in the farm, use the Driver Compatibility feature to prevent
incompatible printer drivers from causing server errors.
• When users print from applications running on MetaFrame XP servers, the
installed client printers appear in Windows in the following form: #clientname/
printername. The clientname is the name of the client machine and printername
is the name for the installed client printing device.
• When users print to the network printers in the server farm, they see the original
assigned network printer names in Windows dialog boxes.
 Chapter 12 Managing Printers for ICA Clients 295

Printer Management Features

Citrix Management Console provides access to all MetaFrame XP printer
management features.You use Citrix Management Console to monitor and
configure printers for ICA Client users in a server farm.
To make changes to printer configurations, you need to log on to the console as a
Citrix administrator with access to manage the Printer Management node. If you
log on as an administrator with view-only privilege, you can view printer
configuration information but you cannot make changes to existing settings.
For information about using Citrix Management Console, see “To use Citrix
Management Console” on page 166.
You can use MetaFrame XP printer management features from several views in the
Citrix Management Console. The first parts of this section describe the console
views you can use for managing printers for ICA Client users, and the information
you can monitor from the tabs in the console’s right pane.
After you launch the console and log on to a MetaFrame XP server in the server
farm, the left pane in the console displays the tree view of the server farm
management nodes. When you select an item in the tree, the right pane displays one
or more tabs.
Select the Printer Management node or the Servers node, or the objects under these
nodes, to use the primary printer management features in the console.

Using the Printer Management Node

When you select Printer Management in the console tree, the right pane displays
tabs labeled Contents, Bandwidth, and Network Print Servers (the default tab).
When you expand the Printer Management node, the left pane displays objects
labeled Printers and Drivers in the tree.

Contents Tab
When you select Printer Management, the Contents tab displays objects labeled
Drivers and Printers. The same objects appear in the tree under Printer Management
when you expand the node.
296 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Double-clicking an object on the Contents tab is the same as selecting the object in
the tree. Either action changes the right pane to display information about the object
you select, and puts commands related to the object in the Actions > Printer
Management submenu and on the console toolbar.

Network Print Servers Tab

Use the Network Print Servers tab to view the names of network print servers
whose printers can be configured in the server farm. When you create a new
MetaFrame XP server farm, the tab lists nothing until you import one or more
network print servers.
After you import print servers, the Network Print Servers tab displays the name of
each print server and the date and time when the console last updated the print
server information. The tab uses the time zone of the machine to which the console
is connected for the date and time display.

Importing Print Servers. Use the Network Print Servers tab when you want to
import a network print server to make its printers available to the users of the server
farm. When you select the tab, you can choose Import Network Print Server
from the toolbar or the Actions menu. The command and toolbar button are not
available when other tabs are selected.

Tip Importing a network print server lets users in the server farm use a printer that
is not connected to their client device. Client printers are automatically made
available to users in their ICA sessions.

Updating Server Information. If you add printers to or remove them from a network
print server, update the print server information to be sure that the console displays
the available printers on the Printers tab. To do this, select a print server and use
the Update Network Print Server command from the right-click menu, the
toolbar, or the Actions menu. You must take this action because updating print
server information does not take place automatically.

Removing Print Servers. Removing a print server removes all of its printers from
the farm. This is the opposite of importing a network print server. If you remove
printers, ICA Client users cannot print to them. If you want to do this, select the
print server to remove, and then choose Discard Network Print Server from the
right-click menu, the console toolbar, or the Actions menu. After you confirm the
command, the printer server no longer appears on the Network Print Server tab
and its printers do not appear on the Printers tab.
 Chapter 12 Managing Printers for ICA Clients 297

Bandwidth Tab
When you select Printer Management in the console tree, the Bandwidth tab
displays the print stream bandwidth setting for each server in the farm. Use this tab
to set or remove print stream bandwidth limits on MetaFrame XP servers and copy
settings from one server to others. Limiting printing bandwidth can improve
application performance for clients when printing and application data must
compete for limited bandwidth.
When you select a server in the list on the Bandwidth tab, you use the Edit
command to change its bandwidth setting, or use the Copy command to copy its
bandwidth setting to one or more servers in the farm. You can use these commands
from the right-click menu, the console toolbar, or the Actions menu.
When you select the Servers node in the tree, the Printer Bandwidth tab provides
the same display and features as the Bandwidth tab when you select Printer
Management.
The Properties dialog box for each server in the farm contains a Printer
Bandwidth tab that you can use to edit the server’s print stream bandwidth setting.
For more information about limiting the bandwidth of print data streams, see
“Limiting Printing Bandwidth in ICA Sessions” on page 308.

Drivers Tab
When you select Drivers in the tree, the Drivers tab in the right pane displays
information about printer drivers installed on MetaFrame XP servers. Use this tab
to make sure printer drivers are installed and available as necessary on servers in the
farm, and to copy them to other servers.
The tab lists any driver installed on a MetaFrame XP server in the farm. The tab
does not list drivers that are installed on network print servers (non-MetaFrame XP
servers). You must manually install drivers for all printers that ICA Client users
need for printing from ICA sessions, including client printers and network printers.
The driver information includes each driver’s name and operating system platform.
You select a specific server from the Server drop-down menu to display the drivers
installed on one server, or select (Any) to display all drivers on all servers in the
farm.
Use the Drivers tab to copy printer drivers to other servers in a server farm. If
printer drivers are not already installed, copy the drivers to each server where ICA
Client users log on and need access to the driver for printing to client printers or
network printers.
To copy a driver, select the driver and then use the Replicate Drivers command
from the console toolbar, the right-click menu, or the Actions menu.
298 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Note Two tabs in Citrix Management Console show printer driver information. To
display the drivers installed on a MetaFrame XP server, you can select the server
from the Server menu on the Drivers tab, or select the server in the console tree
and look at the Printer Drivers tab. You can use either tab to copy printer drivers to
other servers in a farm.

Printers Tab
When you select Printers in the Citrix Management Console tree, the Printers tab
in the right pane lists all printers that you can configure in the server farm. The list
includes the following printers:
• Local shared printers that you install and connect directly to MetaFrame XP
servers in the farm
• Network printers that are installed and connected to network print servers when
you import the print servers into the farm
The printer list shows the printer name, print server name, driver name, and
MetaFrame XP operating system platform for each local printer. For network
printers, the list shows only the printer name and print server name.
You can select a local printer on the Printers tab and use the console to copy the
drivers and settings for the printer to other servers. You cannot copy a driver of a
network printer from this tab. (Use the Drivers tab to copy drivers from a
MetaFrame XP server to other servers.)
Select a printer and use the Auto-Creation command to assign users to the printer.
Auto creation makes a printer available in ICA sessions for the users you specify. If
you want to allocate other printers to the same users, select a printer and copy its
auto creation settings from this tab.

Using the Servers Node

When you select Servers in the Citrix Management Console tree, multiple tabs
appear in the right pane. The tab that relates to printer management is the Printer
Bandwidth tab. This tab displays the same information as the Bandwidth tab that
appears when you select Printer Management in the console tree. See “Bandwidth
Tab,” above.
 Chapter 12 Managing Printers for ICA Clients 299

Printers Tab
When you select a MetaFrame XP server in the console tree under the Servers node
or on the Contents tab, the Printers tab displays information about a server’s local
printers. The tab displays information about the printers that are connected directly
to the server, if you select the Shared option when you install the printers. Printers
that you do not share do not appear on the tab.
This tab is similar to the Printers tab that appears when you select Printers in the
console tree. However, when you select one server, the Printers tab displays only
the server’s local printer information, not information about network printers in the
farm.
You can select a local printer on the Printers tab and use the console to replicate the
drivers and settings for the printer to other servers. You can also assign users to the
printer to make it available as an auto created printer in the users’ ICA sessions. If
you want to assign the same users to another printer, select the printer and copy its
auto creation settings from this tab.

Printer Drivers Tab

When you select a MetaFrame XP server in the console tree (under the Servers
node), the Printer Drivers tab lists printer drivers that are installed on the server.
Select a driver name in the list to display the names of all the servers that have the
driver installed. Use the Replicate Drivers command to copy the driver to other
servers in the farm. You need to copy printer drivers to each server where ICA
Client users log on and need access to the driver for printing to client printers or
network printers.
The Printer Drivers tab displays the same information as the Drivers tab displays
when you select Drivers in the console tree.

Setting Up Network Printers for ICA Client Users

To make network printers available to ICA Client users, you import network print
servers into the MetaFrame XP server farm. Doing this makes all printers that are
connected to the print server available to the ICA Client users that you specify.
After you install required printer drivers, ICA Client users can print to these printers
in their ICA sessions. You use Citrix Management Console to perform these
procedures.
300 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

To make network printers available to ICA users

The following steps outline the procedure for setting up network printers for ICA
Client users. For detailed instructions, use the Help menu or click Help on the
toolbar and dialog boxes in Citrix Management Console.
1. Import network printers from a network print server into the farm. Select Printer
Management in Citrix Management Console, select the Network Print Servers
tab, and choose Import Network Print Server. Specify the network print
server to import.
When the operation finishes, the print server appears on the Network Print
Servers tab in the console.
2. Install the printer drivers for your network printers on a MetaFrame XP server
in the server farm. Use the Replicate Drivers command to distribute the drivers
to all the MetaFrame XP servers in the farm.
3. Allocate network printers to users. Select a printer on the Printers tab and
choose Auto-Creation. Specify a domain and select the groups and users who
need to use the printer.
When a specified user logs on to a MetaFrame XP server in the farm, the printer
becomes available in the user’s ICA session as if the printer were installed on
the user’s client device.
4. To set up additional printers for ICA Client users, select the printer you have
allocated to users. Choose Copy Auto Creation Settings to copy the printer’s
user list to other printers in the farm.

Tip Because you set up printers for auto creation by user account, the users
can log on to applications from different client devices and use the same
network printers. (Because client printers are connected directly, they are
available only from the client devices where they are installed.)

5. If necessary, map client printer drivers to server drivers if the driver names are
different on each platform. For details, see “Mapping Printer Drivers” on page
302.

Installing and Replicating Printer Drivers

To install printer drivers on a MetaFrame XP server, you use the standard Windows
printer installation methods. The Add Printer wizard asks for information about a
printer and copies the necessary driver files. You might need to insert a Windows
installation CD-ROM or media from the printer manufacturer so the wizard can
copy the files.
 Chapter 12 Managing Printers for ICA Clients 301

When you use the wizard to install drivers on a MetaFrame XP server, the actual
printer is not attached to the server. Select the Local option and select any local
printer port that does not have an actual printing device connected; you can add
multiple printers to one port.

Tip In server farms where it is practical do to so, install all driver files on one
server. If you use MetaFrame XP on both Terminal Server and Windows 2000
servers in the farm, install driver files on a MetaFrame XP server for each platform.

After you install drivers, you can use the driver replication feature in Citrix
Management Console to copy the driver files and registry settings to other servers
in the server farm. Use the replication feature to save time when you install printer
drivers, and to ensure that all drivers are available on all servers where ICA Clients
need them, so that the ICA Client users can print to the client and network printers
in the farm.

Important Because printer drivers are platform-specific (designed for either

Terminal Server or Windows 2000), do not replicate drivers from a MetaFrame XP
server to servers on a different platform. When the Drivers tab in the console lists
drivers from both platforms and you choose Replicate Drivers, the console warns
you about this because you can select drivers on either platform to replicate.

Setting Up Automatic Replication of Printer Drivers

You can set up automatic printer driver replication so MetaFrame XP performs
replication when you add a server to the farm, or when you restart a server in the
farm.
MetaFrame XP maintains one auto-replication list for each platform in the server
farm. When you select a printer driver for replication, MetaFrame XP adds the
driver to the appropriate auto-replication list. You can add or remove drivers from
the auto-replication lists by choosing Auto-Replication from the Drivers tab in the
console.
When you edit the auto-replication list, you can use one server or any server as the
source for a particular printer driver. If you specify any server, MetaFrame XP will
copy the driver from any server that is available in the farm at the time of auto-
replication to a new or restarted server. This setting avoids the possibility that a
specific source server for a printer driver might be unavailable when new or
restarted servers need to receive a printer driver.
MetaFrame XP cannot replicate drivers from network printers (printers installed on
network print servers) because MetaFrame XP does not have guaranteed access to
the driver files.
302 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

If driver replication fails because of communication errors, the console displays an

error message and records the error in the server Event Log for each server where
the operation failed.

Mapping Printer Drivers

Mapping of printer drivers refers to identifying printer drivers that have different
names for the same printer on different Windows platforms. You need to use
mapping if drivers you install on MetaFrame XP servers have different names than
the drivers used by Windows 9x computers for their client printers.
Printer mappings are listed in a Citrix file, Wtsprnt.Inf. Select Drivers in Citrix
Management Console and choose Mapping from the Actions menu to manage
printer driver mapping for a server farm.
In the Driver Mapping dialog box, you choose a server platform (because drivers
differ on Terminal Server and Windows 2000 servers) and add the names of client
printer drivers that correspond to the drivers you install on MetaFrame XP servers
in the farm.

Note When you designate a printer driver to be incompatible for client printers in
the farm (see “Managing Drivers for Client Printers” on page 302), you cannot
create a printer driver mapping with the same driver.

Managing Drivers for Client Printers

Some printer drivers can cause server problems when users print to client printers in
the server farm. Because printing to a client printer with a badly behaved driver can
crash a server, you might need to prevent auto creation of client printers that use
certain printer drivers.
If a defective driver is replicated throughout a server farm, it is difficult and time
consuming to remove it from every server to prevent its use with client printers.
However, you can accomplish the same result with Citrix Management Console.
Use the printer driver compatibility feature to designate drivers that you want to
allow or prohibit for use with client printers.
The driver compatibility feature allows or prevents drivers you select from being
used with client printers, but does not affect the use of drivers for printing to
network printers because drivers usually cause problems only with printing to client
printers.
 Chapter 12 Managing Printers for ICA Clients 303

Maintaining Driver Compatibility Lists

MetaFrame XP has a driver compatibility list for each server platform (Terminal
Server and Windows 2000). To add or remove drivers, or edit the driver names in
the compatibility list, select Drivers in the console tree and choose Compatibility
from the Actions menu or the console toolbar.
Use the Driver Compatibility dialog box to manage the printer driver
compatibility list for each server platform. You can list the printer drivers you allow
or the drivers you do not allow to be used in the farm. To add drivers to the list,
choose from the menu of all drivers that are installed on servers in the farm.
MetaFrame XP normally sets up (auto creates) client printers for all users who have
them installed on their client devices. When users log on, MetaFrame XP checks
the client printer driver compatibility list before it sets up the client printers. If a
printer driver is on the list of drivers that are not allowed, MetaFrame XP does not
set up the printer. When the compatibility list prevents setup of a client printer,
MetaFrame XP sends messages to client users and writes a message in the server’s
event log.

Auto Creation of Client Printers for DOS and WinCE

MetaFrame XP provides auto creation of client printers (printers that are locally
connected to client devices) for DOS and WinCE Clients. Auto creation makes
these printers available for the client user for printing from the applications they run
in ICA sessions.
Auto created client printers appear in the form clientname#LPTx. The machine
name of the client device replaces clientname and the printer port number replaces
x.
Choose Client Printers from the Printers tab in Citrix Management Console to
monitor and configure printer auto creation for DOS and WinCE Clients.
MetaFrame XP can make the client printers available if you set up auto creation for
these ICA Clients from the console. MetaFrame 1.8 can enable auto creation of
client printers only if users run the Client Printer utility in an ICA session on the
client computer.
MetaFrame XP servers send data to the client device to make the client printer
available in ICA sessions. You can view the status of DOS and WinCE Client
printers in the Client Printers dialog box from the console. In the dialog box, the
word <downloaded> appears in the list when information for client printer setup is
sent from the server to the client device.
Use the Client Printers dialog box to add, remove, reset, edit, and delete the
configuration for DOS and WinCE client printers.
304 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

These client printers are available to the individual client users only. A client printer
appears in applications running on the server only during the client user’s ICA
session.

ICA Client Settings for Printer Access

Settings that affect the auto creation of client printers appear in Citrix Connection
Configuration; for more information, see the online help in that program. An
overview of these settings is included here. For specific information about ICA
Client capabilities and settings, see the Citrix ICA Client Administrator’s Guide for
each ICA Client platform.
If the Connect Client Printers at Logon option is selected in the connection or
user profile, client printers are automatically created when users log on to ICA
sessions. MetaFrame XP deletes the printers when users log off if the printers do
not contain unfinished print jobs. If print jobs are present, MetaFrame XP retains
the printer and its associated jobs.
If you do not want auto created printers deleted when users log off, view the
Properties dialog box for the client printer from the server’s Printers folder in an
ICA session.
The Properties dialog box displays a Comment field that contains the text “Auto
Created Client Printer” for automatically created client printers. If you modify or
delete this description, MetaFrame XP does not delete the printer when a user logs
off from the server. Subsequent logons by the same user employ the printer already
defined and do not modify it.
If users change their Windows printer settings, the settings are not automatically
maintained. You can preserve printers to maintain custom print settings.
If a user’s connection profiles do not specify Connect Client Printers at Logon,
the user can connect to a client printer through Windows printer setup.
MetaFrame XP does not automatically delete printers that are set up this way when
users log off.

Using the Citrix Universal Print Driver

As described previously in this chapter, MetaFrame XP automatically creates client
printers when users log on to MetaFrame XP. With auto creation of client printers,
users print to their regular printers from applications that are running on
MetaFrame XP servers, without having to set up their printers each time they log
on.
 Chapter 12 Managing Printers for ICA Clients 305

Auto creation of client printers requires drivers for client printers to be available on
MetaFrame XP servers. The driver replication feature helps ease printer driver
management (see “Managing Drivers for Client Printers” on page 302). However,
maintaining drivers for many different printing devices can cause problems.
The Citrix Universal Print Driver is designed to avoid problems with driver
maintenance and other client printing issues in diverse environments.

Client Printing with the Universal Driver

The Citrix Universal Print Driver eliminates the need for many native printer
drivers to be installed on every MetaFrame XP server in a server farm. The
Universal Print Driver feature comprises the following two components:
• The Citrix PCL4 Universal Driver, a standard PCL4 printer driver that is used
on all MetaFrame XP servers.
• A PCL4 interpreter and rendering agent that is integrated into the ICA Win32
Client. Version 6.20 or later of the ICA Win32 Client is required.
When using this feature, the user prints from an application and the Citrix PCL4
Universal Driver on the server generates a print job in PCL4 format. The server
sends the PCL4 print job to the ICA Client, where the PCL4 interpreter renders the
print job. The client uses the local printer driver and print services to output the
rasterized print job on the client printer.
The PCL4 interpreter in the ICA Client rasterizes print pages in monochrome at 300
dots per inch (dpi) resolution. The universal driver feature works with any client
printer, including PCL, PostScript, and Windows printers. Color images can be
printed in grayscale (dithered black and white) on color printers. The PCL4
interpreter does not support special printer options or features such as duplex
printing.
To use the Universal Print Driver feature, you do not need to install a printer driver
on MetaFrame XP servers. The Citrix PCL4 Universal Driver is listed on the
Drivers tab in Citrix Management Console after you install and activate
MetaFrame.

Benefits of Using the Universal Driver

With the Universal Print Driver feature, you can avoid the following issues:
• Some native printer drivers, especially those that do not use an advanced page
description language such as PCL or PostScript, generate very large print files.
These files can cause unacceptable delays when print jobs are spooled from the
server to the client over a WAN or other slow connection.
306 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

• Many printer drivers are not well tested in a terminal server environment. Some
drivers cause frequent system crashes and spooler faults. Installing many printer
drivers for a large user base can destabilize servers.
• Although driver maintenance is more convenient with MetaFrame XP, the
effort required to obtain, install, and manage many different printer drivers for a
diverse environment can be substantial. Even with careful maintenance, drivers
required for printing to every device might not be installed in the server farm.
Missing drivers prevent auto creation of client printers for users.

Configuring the Universal Driver for Client Printing

To configure printing options for the server farm, right-click Printer Management
in the Citrix Management Console tree and choose Properties. Use the Drivers tab
to select which printer drivers should be used for creating printer connections. Use
the Printers tab to select settings for auto creating client and network printers.

Configuring Client Printer Auto Creation

You can use the Auto-Create Client Printer Connections at Login option to
allow client printers to be automatically created when users log on to ICA sessions.
This option is selected by default. If you clear this option, no client printers are
automatically created although users can set up connections to client printers
manually.
When Auto-Create Client Printer Connections at Login is selected, you can
configure how the printers work using the following options:

Update printer properties at each logon. Select this option to update client printers
on the server using settings from printers on the clients. The client printers are
updated when users log on. Do not select this option if you want to retain changes
made during ICA sessions to client printers on the server.

Inherit client printer's setting for keeping printed documents. Select this option to use
the client printer setting, Keep printed documents, on auto created client printers.
The setting determines if printed jobs are saved after users log off from ICA
sessions. Saving printed jobs can take a lot of space.

Delete pending print jobs at logout. Select this option to delete pending print jobs
when a user logs off. Do not select this option if you want users to see print jobs
from prior ICA sessions when they log on.
You can specify which printers are auto created by selecting one of the following
options:

Default client printer only. Select this option to auto create only the default printer on
each client device.
 Chapter 12 Managing Printers for ICA Clients 307

Local (non-network) client printers only. Select this option to auto create only the
local client printers on a user's client device. Local client printers are connected
directly to the client device through an LPT, COM, USB, or other local port.

All client printers. Select this option to auto create all of the client printers on a
user's client device.

Use connection settings for each server. Select this option to accept the settings
specified for the ICA session connection used in Citrix Connection Configuration.
This option is selected by default.
The term connection here refers to the virtual ports on MetaFrame XP servers,
which are associated with a network protocol. To change the connection
configuration, launch Citrix Connection Configuration (choose Start > Programs
> Citrix > MetaFrame XP > Citrix Connection Configuration), double-click the
connection in the Citrix Connection Configuration window, and click Client
Settings.
Network printers assigned to users can be updated when the users log on. To update
network printers with the printing preferences assigned to the printer through the
console, select Update printer properties at each logon in Auto-Created
Network Printers. Do not select this option if you want to retain changes made by
users to their network printer settings during ICA sessions.

Specifying Printer Drivers for Client Printing

When client printers are auto created, you can specify whether they use native
printer drivers that must be installed on the server, the Universal Print Driver, or
both. Select one of the following options:

Native drivers only. Select this option to use native printer drivers when client
printers are auto created. If the native driver is not available on the MetaFrame XP
server, the client printer cannot be created on the server. This option disables the
Universal Print Driver feature.

Universal driver only. Select this option to use the Citrix PCL4 Universal Print
Driver to create client printers on the server. The universal driver is limited to
monochrome at 300 dots per inch (dpi).

Use universal driver only if native driver is unavailable. Select this option to use
native drivers for client printers if available. If the driver is not available on the
server, the client printer is auto created with the Citrix PCL4 Universal Driver.This
is the default and it allows fault tolerance. Printers are auto created for users even if
native drivers for their printing devices are not available or are incompatible with
terminal server systems.
308 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Both universal and native drivers. Select this option to create two versions of each
client printer: one with the Citrix PCL4 Universal Driver and the other with the
printer’s native driver (if it is installed on the server). Users can print using either
printer version. This option is useful if users need to access special printer features
occasionally. Users can identify the universal driver by the text “[UPD:PCL4]” at
the end of the printer name.

Limiting Printing Bandwidth in ICA Sessions

When users access MetaFrame XP servers through slower networks or dial-up
connections, data sent during printing can affect video updates and application
performance. To achieve the best performance for some ICA Client users, you can
limit the bandwidth used by print data streams in ICA sessions.
By limiting the data transmission rate for printing, you make more bandwidth
available in the ICA data stream for transmission of video, keystrokes, and mouse
data. More available bandwidth can help prevent degradation of the user experience
during printing.
Use Citrix Management Console to limit printing bandwidth in the server farm. You
can set limits on individual servers and copy the bandwidth setting from one server
to one or more other servers.
You can monitor the current bandwidth setting when you select the Printer
Management node or the Servers node in the console tree. For more information
about views for bandwidth management, see “Using the Printer Management
Node” on page 295 and “Bandwidth Tab” on page 297.
 APPENDIX A

MetaFrame XP Commands

This appendix describes MetaFrame XP commands. These commands must be run

from the command prompt on a MetaFrame XP server. They provide additional
methods for maintaining and configuring MetaFrame XP servers and server farms.

Command Description

acrcfg Configure autoreconnect settings

altaddr Specify server alternate IP address

app Run application execution shell

auditlog Generate server logon/logoff reports

change client Change ICA Client device mapping

chfarm Change the server farm membership of the server

clicense Maintain Citrix licenses

cltprint Set the number of ICA Client printer pipes

ctxxmlss Change the XML Service port number

dsmaint Configure the IMA data store

icaport Configure TCP/IP port number

imaport Change IMA ports

query View information about server farms, processes, servers, ICA

sessions, and users

twconfig Configure ICA display settings

310 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

ACRCFG
Use acrcfg to configure autoreconnect settings on a MetaFrame XP server or server
farm.

Syntax
acrcfg [/server:servername | /farm] [/query | /q]
acrcfg [/server:servername | /farm] [/enable:on | off] [/logging:on | off]
acrcfg [/server:servername] [/inherit:on | off] [/enable:on | off]
[/logging:on | off]
acrcfg [/?]

Parameters
servername
The name of a MetaFrame XP server.

Options
/query, /q
Query current settings.
/server
The server to be viewed or modified by the other command line options. The
server specified by servername must be in the same server farm as the server on
which the command is run. This option and the /farm option are mutually
exclusive. The local server is the default if neither /server nor /farm is
indicated.
/farm
The options on the command line after /farm are applied to the entire server
farm.
/inherit:on | off
To use the autoreconnect setting from the server farm set /inherit to on for a
server. To disregard the server farm autoreconnect setting, set /inherit to off.
By default, this is set to on for a server.
/enable:on | off
To enable autoreconnect for a server or a server farm, set /enable to on.
Servers inherit the server farm setting unless /inherit is off. To disable
autoreconnect for a server or server farm, set /enable to off. /enable is set to
on for both a server and a server farm by default.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 311

/logging:on | off
To enable logging of client reconnects for a server or server farm, set to on. To
disable logging, set to off. Logging is set to off for both servers and server
farms by default.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
Autoreconnect disconnects a broken session and reconnects it. The user’s current
workspace is preserved and the user is restored to the same place in the application.
Intentional disconnections by users do not trigger autoreconnect. The autoreconnect
feature is enabled by default.
Use /query or /q to display the current settings. The /enable and /logging options
are valid with either /server or /farm, but /inherit is not used with /farm. If neither
/server nor /farm is selected and the /inherit, /enable, or /logging options are used,
they are applied to the local server.
When /logging is no longer valid it disappears from later queries. If /logging is on
and you set /enable to off, there is no longer anything to log, so the logging line is
no longer shown in a query. A query shows the enable setting whether or not it is in
effect, but acrcfg will not change the enable setting on the server if inherit is
enabled.

Examples
The next four commands disable autoreconnect on the server farm, show the
results, enable autoreconnect and logging from the local server, and show the
results.
C:\>acrcfg /farm /enable:off
Update successful
C:\>acrcfg /farm /q
Auto Client Reconnect Info for Server: Farm
ENABLED: off
C:\>acrcfg /inherit:off /enable:on /logging:on
Update successful
C:\>acrcfg /q
Auto Client Reconnect Info for Server: Local Server
INHERIT: off
ENABLED: on
LOGGING: on
312 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Security Restrictions
You must be a Citrix administrator to make changes.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 313

ALTADDR
Use altaddr to query and set the alternate (external) IP address for a MetaFrame
XP server. The alternate address is returned to ICA Clients that request it and is
used to access a MetaFrame XP server that is behind a firewall.

Syntax
altaddr [/server:servername] [/set alternateaddress ] [/v]
altaddr [/server:servername] [/set adapteraddress alternateaddress] [/v]
altaddr [/server:servername] [/delete] [/v]
altaddr [/server:servername] [/delete adapteraddress] [/v]
altaddr [/?]

Parameters
servername
The name of a MetaFrame XP server.
alternateaddress
The alternate IP address for a MetaFrame XP server.
adapteraddress
The local IP address to which an alternate address is assigned.

Options
/server:servername
Specifies the MetaFrame XP server on which to set an alternate address.
Defaults to the current MetaFrame XP server.
/set
Sets alternate TCP/IP addresses. If an adapteraddress is specified,
alternateaddress is assigned only to the network adapter with that IP address.
/delete
Deletes the default alternate address on the specified server. If an adapter
address is specified, the alternate address for that adapter is deleted.
/v (verbose)
Displays information about the actions being performed.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.
314 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Remarks
The MetaFrame server subsystem reads the altaddr settings for server external IP
addresses at startup only. If you use altaddr to change the IP address setting, you
must restart the IMA service for the new setting to take effect. However, if you
restart the IMA service when the MetaFrame server has active ICA sessions, you
will disconnect the ICA sessions.
If altaddr is run without any parameters, it displays the information for alternate
addresses configured on the current server.

Examples
Set the server’s alternate address to 1.1.1.1:
altaddr /set 1.1.1.1

Set the server’s alternate address to 1.1.1.1 on the network interface card whose
adapter address is 1.1.1.1:
altaddr /set 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1

Security Restrictions
None.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 315

APP
App is a script interpreter for secure application execution. Use App to read
execution scripts that copy standardized “.ini” type files to user directories before
starting an application, or to perform application-related cleanup after an
application terminates. The script commands are described below.

Syntax
app scriptfilename

Parameter
scriptfilename
The name of a script file containing app commands (see script commands
below).

Remarks
If no scriptfilename is specified, app displays an error message.
The Application Execution Shell reads commands from the script file and processes
them in sequential order. The script file must reside in the %SystemRoot%\Scripts
directory.

Script Commands
The script commands are:
copy sourcedirectory\filespec targetdirectory
Copies files from sourcedirectory to targetdirectory. Filespec specifies the
files to copy and can include wild cards (*,?).
delete directory\filespec
Deletes files owned by a user in the directory specified. Filespec specifies the
files to delete and can include wild cards (*,?). See the Examples section for
more information.
deleteall directory\filespec
Deletes all files in the directory specified.
execute
Executes the program specified by the path command using the working
directory specified by the workdir command.
path executablepath
Executablepath is the fully qualified name of the executable to be run.
316 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

workdir directory
Sets the default working directory to the path specified by directory.

Script Parameters
directory
A directory or directory path.
executablepath
The fully qualified name of the executable to be run.
filespec
Specifies the files to copy and can include wildcards (*,?).
sourcedirectory
The directory and path from which files are to be copied.
targetdirectory
The directory and path to which files are to be copied.

Examples
The following script file runs the program Sol.exe:
PATH C:\Wtsrv\System32\Sol.exe
WORKDIR C:\Temp
EXECUTE

The following script file runs the program Notepad.exe. When the program
terminates, the script deletes files in the Myapps\Data directory created for the user
who launched the application:
PATH C:\Myapps\notepad.exe
WORKDIR C:\Myapps\Data
EXECUTE
DELETE C:\Myapps\Data\*.*

The following script file copies all the Wri files from the directory C:\Write\Files,
executes Write.exe in directory C:\Temp.wri, and then removes all files from that
directory when the program terminates:
PATH C:\Wtsrv\System32\Write.exe
WORKDIR C:\Temp.wri
COPY C:\Write\Files\*.wri C:\Temp.wri
EXECUTE
DELETEALL C:\Temp.wri\*.*
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 317

The following example demonstrates using the script file to implement a front-end
registration utility before executing the application Coolapp.exe. You can use this
method to run several applications in succession:
PATH C:\Regutil\Reg.exe
WORKDIR C:\Regutil
EXECUTE
PATH C:\Coolstuff\Coolapp.exe
WORKDIR C:\Temp
EXECUTE
DELETEALL C:\Temp

Security Restrictions
None.
318 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

AUDITLOG
Auditlog generates reports of logon/logoff activity for a MetaFrame server based
on the Windows NT Server security event log. To use auditlog, you must first
enable logon/logoff accounting. You can direct the auditlog output to a file.

Syntax
auditlog [username | session] [/eventlog:filename] [/before:mm/dd/yy]
[/after:mm/dd/yy] [[/write:filename] | [/detail | /time] [/all]]
auditlog [username | session] [/eventlog:filename] [/before:mm/dd/yy]
[/after:mm/dd/yy] [[/write:filename] | [/detail] | [/fail ] | [ /all]]
auditlog [/clear:filename]
auditlog [/?]

Parameters
filename
The name of the eventlog output file.
session
Specifies the session ID for which to produce a logon/logoff report. Use this
parameter to examine the logon/logoff record for a particular session.
mm/dd/yy
The month, day, and year (in two-digit format) to limit logging.
username
Specifies a username for which to produce a logon/logoff report. Use this
parameter to examine the logon/logoff record for a particular user.

Options
/eventlog:filename
Specifies the name of a backup event log to use as input to auditlog. You can
back up the current log from the Event Log Viewer by using
auditlog /clear:filename.
/before:mm/dd/yy
Reports on logon/logoff activity only before mm/dd/yy.
/after:mm/dd/yy
Reports on logon/logoff activity only after mm/dd/yy.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 319

/write:filename
Specifies the name of an output file. Creates a comma-delimited file that can
be imported into an application, such as a spreadsheet, to produce custom
reports or statistics. It generates a report of logon/logoff activity for each user,
displaying logon/logoff times and total time logged on.
If filename exists, the data is appended to the file.
/time
Generates a report of logon/logoff activity for each user, displaying
logon/logoff times and total time logged on. Useful for gathering usage
statistics by user.
/fail
Generates a report of all failed logon attempts.
/all
Generates a report of all logon/logoff activity.
/detail
Generates a detailed report of logon/logoff activity.
/clear:filename
Saves the current event log in filename and clears the event log. This
command does not work if filename already exists.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
Auditlog provides logs you can use to verify system security and correct usage. The
information can be extracted as reports or as comma-delimited files that can be used
as input to other programs.
You must enable logon/logoff accounting on the local server to collect the
information used by auditlog. To enable logon/logoff accounting, log on as a local
administrator and enable logon/logoff accounting with User Manager for Domains
(Windows NT) or with Audit Policy in Microsoft Management Console (Windows
2000).

Security Restrictions
None.
320 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

CHANGE CLIENT
Change client changes the current disk drive, COM port and LPT port mapping
settings for an ICA Client device.

Syntax
change client [/view | /flush | /current]
change client [{/default | [/default_drives] | [/default_printers]} [/ascending]]
[/noremap] [/persistent] [/force_prt_todef]
change client [/delete host_device] [host_device client_device] [/?]

Parameters
host_device
The name of a device on the host server to be mapped to a client device.
client_device
The name of a device on the client to be mapped to host_device.

Options
/view
Displays a list of all available client devices.
/flush
Flushes the client drive mapping cache. This action forces the server and the
client to resynchronize all disk data. See Remarks for more information.
/current
Displays the current ICA Client device mappings.
/default
Resets host drive and printer mappings to defaults.
/default_drives
Resets host drive mappings to defaults.
/default_printers
Resets host printer mappings to defaults.
/ascending
Uses ascending, instead of descending, search order for available drives and
printers to map. This option can be used only with /default, /default_drives,
or /default_printer.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 321

/noremap
If /noremap is specified, client drives that conflict with MetaFrame drives are
not mapped.
/persistent
Saves the current client drive mappings in the client device user’s profile.
/force_prt_todef
Sets the default printer for the client session to the default printer on the
client’s Windows desktop.
/delete host_device
Deletes the client device mapping to host_device.
/? (help)
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
Typing change client with no parameters displays the current ICA Client device
mappings; it is equivalent to typing change client /current.
Use change client host_device client_device to create a client drive mapping. This
maps the client_device drive letter to the letter specified by host_device; for
example, change client v: c: maps client drive C to drive V on the MetaFrame
server.
The /view option displays the share name, the share type, and a comment describing
the mapped device. Sample output for change client /view follows:
C:>change client /view
Available Shares on client connection ICA-tcp#7

Sharename Type Comment

\\Client\A: Disk Floppy

\\Client\C: Disk FixedDrive

\\Client\D: Disk CdRom

\\Client\LPT1: Printer Parallel Printer

\\Client\COM1: Printer Serial Printer

322 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

The /flush option flushes the client drive cache. This cache is used to speed up
access to client disk drives by retaining a local copy of the data on the MetaFrame
server. The time-out for hard drive cache entries is ten minutes and the time-out for
diskette data is five seconds. If the client device is using a multitasking operating
system and files are created or modified, the MetaFrame server does not know
about the changes.
Flushing the cache forces the data on the MetaFrame server to be synchronized with
the client data. The cache time-out for diskettes is set to five seconds because
diskette data is usually more volatile; that is, the diskette can be removed and
another diskette inserted.
The /default option maps the drives and printers on the client device to mapped
drives and printers on the MetaFrame server. A and B Drives are always mapped to
drives A and B on the MetaFrame server. Hard drives are mapped to their
corresponding drive letters if those drive letters are available on the MetaFrame
server. If the corresponding drive letter is in use on the MetaFrame server, the
default action is to map the drive to the highest unused drive letter. For example, if
both machines have drives C and D, the client drives C and D are mapped to V and
U respectively. These default mappings can be modified by the /ascending and
/noremap options.
The /default_printers option resets printer mappings to defaults. /default_printers
attempts a one-to-one mapping of all client printers; for example, the client’s LPT1
and LPT1 ports are mapped to the server’s LPT1 and LPT1 ports. If the /ascending
option is specified, the mapping is done in ascending order.
The /default_drives option resets host drive mappings to defaults. /default_drives
attempts a one-to-one mapping of all client drives; for example, client drives A and
B are mapped to server drives A and B. Hard drives are mapped to their
corresponding drive letters if those drive letters are available on the MetaFrame
server. If the corresponding drive letter is in use on the MetaFrame server, the
default action is to map the drive to the highest unused drive letter. For example, if
both machines have drives C and D, the client drives C and D are mapped to V and
U respectively. If the /ascending option is specified, the mapping is done in
ascending order.
The /ascending option causes the mapping to occur in ascending drive letter order.
For example, if the first two available drive letters on the MetaFrame server are I
and J, drives C and D in the preceding example are mapped to I and J respectively.
The /noremap option causes the mapping to skip drive letters occupied on the
MetaFrame server. For example, if the MetaFrame server has a C drive but no D
drive, the client’s C drive is mapped to D on the server, but the client’s D drive is
not mapped.
The /persistent option causes the current device mappings to be saved in the user’s
profile. Drive conflicts can occur if the /persistent option is in use, and the user
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 323

logs on from a client device that has a different disk drive configuration, or logs on
to a MetaFrame server that has a different disk drive configuration.
The /force_prt_todef option sets the default printer for the ICA session to the
default printer on the client’s Windows desktop.

Security Restrictions
None.
324 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

CHFARM
Change farm is used to change the farm membership of a MetaFrame XP server.

Syntax
chfarm

Remarks
You can use chfarm when you want to move a MetaFrame XP server from its
current server farm. You can move the server to an existing IMA-based server farm
or create a new server farm at the same time that you move the server. Citrix
recommends that you back up your data store before running chfarm.

Important If the server you want to move provides information for a Resource
Manager summary database, update the summary database before using chfarm. If
you do not update the summary database, you will lose approximately 24 hours
worth of summary data stored on the server. To update the summary database, click
the Resource Manager node in Citrix Management Console, select the Summary
Database tab, and click Update Now.

The chfarm utility is installed in %program files%\citrix\system32\citrix\IMA. To

run this utility, choose Run from the Start menu. Enter chfarm.
While running chfarm, you are prompted for the username and password of the
user you want to designate as the initial Citrix administrator for the farm. Chfarm
stops the IMA service on the server. The data store configuration part of the
MetaFrame XP Setup wizard appears. On the first page, you can select an option to
join an existing IMA-based server farm or create a new server farm and then click
Next.
The wizard continues and you specify an existing data store (to join an existing
server farm) or set up a new data store (if you create a new server farm). For
information about data store setup and server farm configuration, see “Selecting the
MetaFrame XP Family Level” on page 107. If chfarm reports any error, continuing
the process can corrupt the data store. If you cancel out of the data store
configuration part of the MetaFrame XP Setup wizard, the server you are switching
rejoins the original farm.
After the farm membership is changed or a new farm is created, reboot the
MetaFrame XP server.
Do not remove a server that hosts a server farm’s data store from the server farm.
Doing so renders the farm unstable.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 325

CLICENSE
You can use clicense to add, remove, query, and maintain license information for
MetaFrame XP servers within a server farm. For more information about Citrix
licensing, see “Licensing MetaFrame XP” on page 135.

Syntax
clicense [add serial_number]
clicense [remove license_string]
clicense [force_remove license_string]
clicense [activate license_string activation_code]
clicense [assign license_set_id server_name number_to_assign]
clicense [strings]
clicense [products]
clicense [connections]
clicense [servers_using license_set_id]
clicense [in_use_by server_name]
clicense [in_set license_set_id]
clicense [sets_in license_string]
clicense [assigned_to server_name]
clicense [servers_assigned license_set_id]
clicense [available_for_assignment license_set_id]
clicense [read_db [file_name]]
clicense [refresh]
clicense [help option]

Parameters
activation_code
The license activation code. This is obtained from the Citrix Product
Activation System (http://www.citrix.com/activate).
file_name
The name of the licensing database file.
option
The name of a clicense option.
326 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

license_string
The license number. A license number consists of seven groups of five
characters each: xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx. Each license
number has an associated serial number which consists of five groups of five
characters each: xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx.
license_set_id
The license set ID number.
number_to_assign
The number of license counts to assign to a specified server.
serial_number
The license serial number. This number is located on the software packaging.
See license_string.
server_name
The name or IP address of a MetaFrame XP server. Use a period (.) to specify
the local server.

Options
add serial_number
Use to add serial numbers to the license store. This returns the added license
string.
remove license_string
Use to remove a license string from the license store, provided it does not have
active assignments.
force_remove license_string
Use to force the removal of a license string from the license store. Active
assignments are dropped.
activate license_string activation_code
Activates a license string in the license store.
assign license_set_id server_name number_to_assign
Assigns licenses from the specified license set to the specified MetaFrame XP
server. To specify the local server, enter a period (.).
strings
Retrieves a list of all installed license strings.
products
Retrieves a list of all the installed product licenses.
connections
Retrieves a list of all installed connection licenses.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 327

servers_using license_set_id
Retrieves a list of all servers that are using a license from the specified license
set.
in_use_by server_name
Queries and returns the license sets currently in use by the specified server.
in_set license_set_id
Returns a list of all strings that contribute licenses to a set.
sets_in license_string
Returns a list of all license sets to which a string contributes.
assigned_to server_name
Returns the license sets that are assigned to the specified server.
servers_assigned license_set_id
Returns the servers to which the specified license set is assigned.
available_for_assignment license_set_id
Returns the number of activated licenses in a license set that can be assigned.
read_db [file_name]
Reads license database configuration files into the license store. If a file name
is specified, only files whose names begin with the specified file name are
read into the license store.
refresh
Refreshes all licensing data.
help option
Provides additional information about the specified option.

Remarks
Citrix Management Console provides a graphical user interface with the same
functionality as the clicense command for managing Citrix licenses.

Security Restrictions
The clicense commands can be executed only by a member of the Citrix
Administrators group.
328 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

CLTPRINT
Use cltprint to set the number of printer pipes for the client print spooler.

Syntax
cltprint [/q] [/pipes:nn] [/?]

Options
/q
Displays the current number of printer pipes.
/pipes:nn
Sets the specified number of printer pipes. This number represented by nn
must be from 10 to 63.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
Printer pipes are used to send data from applications to client print spoolers. The
number of pipes specifies the number of print jobs that can be sent to the spooler
simultaneously.
The default number of printer pipes is ten.
The Spooler service must be stopped and restarted after changing the number of
pipes. Print jobs already spooled continue printing.
Print jobs sent to the spooler trigger an error message while the service is stopped.
Make sure no users start printing during the time the Spooler service is stopped.

Security Restrictions
None.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 329

CTXXMLSS
Use ctxxmlss to change the Citrix XML Service port number.

Syntax
ctxxmlss [/rnnn] [/u] [/knnn] [/?]

Options
/rnnn
Changes the port number for the Citrix XML Service to nnn.
/u
Unloads Citrix XML Service from memory.
/knnn
Keeps the connection alive for nnn seconds. The default is nine seconds.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
For more information, see “Configuring the Citrix XML Service Port” on page 117.

Security Restrictions
None.
330 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

DSMAINT
Use dsmaint to configure the IMA data store for a MetaFrame XP server farm.
When using this command, user names and passwords may be case-sensitive,
depending on the database product you are using and the operating system it runs
on.

Syntax
dsmaint config [/user:username] [/pwd:password] [/dsn:filename]
dsmaint backup destination_path
dsmaint failover direct_server
dsmaint compactdb [/ds] [/lhc]
dsmaint migrate [{ /srcdsn:dsn1 /srcuser:user1 /srcpwd:pwd1}] [{/dstdsn:dsn1
/dstuser:user1 /dstpwd:pwd1}]
dsmaint publishsqlds {/user:username /pwd:password}
dsmaint recover
dsmaint recreatelhc
dsmaint [/?]

Parameters
destination_path
Path to the backup data store.
dsn1
The name of the source data store.
dsn1
The name of the destination data store
filename
The name of the data store.
direct_server
The name of the new direct server for IMA data store operations.
password
The password to connect to the data store.
pwd1
The source data store password.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 331

pwd1
The destination data store password.
user1
The source data store user logon.
user1
The destination data store user logon.
username
The name of the user to use when connecting to the data store.

Options
config
Changes configuration parameters used by IMA to connect to the data store.
/user:username
The username to connect to a data store.
/pwd:password
The password to connect to a data store.
/dsn:filename
The filename of an IMA data store.
backup
Creates a backup copy of the Access database that is the farm’s data store. Run
this command on the server that hosts the data store. Requires a path or share
point to which the database file will be copied. The backup command cannot
be used to create backups for Oracle or SQL data stores.
failover
Switches the server to use a new direct server for IMA data store operations.
compactdb
Compacts the Access database file.
/ds
Specifies the database is to be compacted immediately. If the IMA service
is running, this can be executed from the direct server or an indirect server.
If the IMA service is not running, this can be executed only on the direct
server.
/lhc
Specifies the local host cache is to be compacted immediately.
migrate
Migrate data from one data store to another. Use this command to move a data
store to another server, rename a data store in the event of a server name
change, or migrate the data store to an Oracle or SQL Server database.
332 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

/srcdsn:dsn1
The name of the data store from which to migrate data.
/srcuser:user1
The user name to use to connect to the data store from which the data is
migrating.
/srcpwd:pwd1
The password to use to connect to the date store from which the data is
migrating.
/dstdsn:dsn1
The name of the data store to which to migrate the data.
/dstuser:user1
The username to use to connect to which the data store the data is
migrating.
/dstpwd:pwd1
The password to use to connect to which the data store the data is
migrating.
publishsqlds
Publishes a MetaFrame data store to allow replication.
recover
Restores an Access data store to its last known good state. This must be
executed on the direct server while the IMA service is not running.
/recreatelhc
Recreates the local host cache database.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
compactdb
During database compaction, the database is temporarily unavailable for both
reading and writing. The compaction time can vary from a few seconds to a
few minutes, depending on the size of the database and the usage.
config
For Access databases, this command resets the password used to protect the
database, setting the matched security context to allow IMA access to this
database.
You must stop the IMA service before using config with the /pwd option.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 333

Warning You must specify a /dsn for dsmaint config or you will change the
security context for access to the SQL or Oracle database.

migrate
Databases can be migrated from Access to SQL or Oracle and between SQL
and Oracle.

Important By default, the Access database does not have a user name or
password. When migrating a database from Access, leave the /srcuser: and
/srcpwd: parameters blank.

The connection to a local Access database is based on the host server’s name.
If the name of the server changes, use migrate to change the name of the
database.
publishsqlds
Execute publishsqlds only from the server that created the farm. The
publication will be named MFXPDS.

Security Restrictions
The dsmaint config and dsmaint migrate commands can be executed only by a
user with the correct username and password for the database.
334 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

ICAPORT
Use icaport to query or change the TCP/IP port number used by the ICA protocol
on the MetaFrame XP server.

Syntax
icaport {/query | /port:nnn | /reset} [/?]

Options
/query
Queries the current setting.
/port:nnn
Changes the TCP/IP port number to nnn.
/reset
Resets the TCP/IP port number to 1494, which is the default.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
The default port number is 1494. The port number must be in the range of 0–65535
and must not conflict with other well-known port numbers.
If you change the port number, restart the server for the new value to take effect. If
you change the port number on the MetaFrame XP server, you must also change it
on every ICA Client that will connect to that server. For instructions for changing
the port number on ICA Clients, see the Citrix ICA Client Administrator’s Guide for
the ICA Clients that you plan to deploy.

Examples
To set the TCP/IP port number to 5000:
icaport /port:5000

To reset the port number to 1494:

icaport /reset

Security Restrictions
Only Citrix administrators can run icaport.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 335

IMAPORT
Use imaport to query or change the IMA port.

Syntax
imaport {/query | /set {IMA:nnn | ds:nnn | cmc:nnn}* | /reset {IMA | DS | CMC |
ALL} }

Options
/query
Queries the current setting.
/set
Sets the designated TCP/IP port(s) to a specified port number.
ima:nnn
Sets the IMA communication port to a specified port number.
cmc:nnn
Sets the Citrix Management Console connection port to a specified port
number.
ds:nnn
Sets the data store server port to a specified port number (indirect servers
only).
/reset
Resets the specified TCP/IP port to the default.
ima
Resets the IMA communication port to 2512.
cmc
Resets the Citrix Management Console connection port to 2513.
ds
Resets the data store server port to 2512 (indirect servers only).
all
Resets all of the applicable ports to the defaults.
336 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

QUERY
Use query to display information about server farms, processes, servers, sessions,
terminal servers, and users within the network.

Query Farm
Syntax
query farm [server [/addr | /app | /app appname | /load]]
query farm [/tcp ] [ /ipx ] [ /netbios ] [ /continue ]
query farm [ /app | /app appname | /disc | /load | /process]
query farm [/online | /online zonename]
query farm [/offline | /offline zonename]
query farm [/zone | /zone zonename]
query farm [/?]

Parameters
appname
The name of a published application.
server
The name of a server within the farm.
zonename
The name of a zone within the farm.

Options
farm
Displays information about servers within an IMA-based server farm.
server /addr
Displays address data for the specified server.
/app
Displays application names and server load information for all servers
within the farm, or for a specific server.
/app appname
Displays information for the specified application and server load
information for all servers within the farm, or for a specific server.
/continue
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 337

Don’t pause after each page of output.

/disc
Displays disconnected session data for the farm.
/ipx
Displays IPX data for the farm.
/load
Displays server load information for all servers within the farm, or for a
specific server.
/netbios
Displays NetBIOS data for the farm.
/process
Displays active processes for the farm.
/tcp
Displays TCP/IP data for the farm.
/online
Displays severs online within the farm and all zones. The data collectors are
represented by the notation “D”.
/online zonename
Displays severs online within a specified zone. The data collectors are
represented by the notation “D”.
/offline
Displays severs offline within the farm and all zones. The data collectors are
represented by the notation “D”.
/offline zonename
Displays severs offline within a specified zone. The data collectors are
represented by the notation “D”.
/zone
Displays all data collectors in all zones.
/zone zonename
Displays the data collector within a specified zone.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
Query farm returns information for IMA-based servers within a MetaFrame XP
server farm.
338 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Security Restrictions
None.

Query Process
Syntax
query process [ * | processid | username | sessionname | /id:nn
| programname ] [ /server:servername ] [ /system ]
query process [/?]

Parameters
*
Displays all visible processes.
processid
The three- or four-digit ID number of a process running within the farm.
programname
The name of a program within a farm.
servername
The name of a server within the farm.
sessionname
The name of a session, such as ica-tcp#7.
username
The name of a user connected to the farm.

Options
process
Displays information about processes running on the current server.
process *
Displays all visible processes on the current server.
process processid
Displays processes for the specified processid.
process username
Displays processes belonging to the specified user.
process sessionname
Displays processes running under the specified session name.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 339

process /id:nn
Displays information about processes running on the current server by the
specified ID number.
process programname
Displays process information associated with the specified program name.
process /server:servername
Displays information about processes running on the specified server. If no
server is specified, the information returned is for the current server.
process /system
Displays information about system processes running on the current server.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Security Restrictions
None.

Query Server
Syntax
query server [ server [/ping [/count:n] [/size:n] | /stats | /reset | /load
| /addr]]
query server [/tcp] [/ipx] [/netbios] [/tcpserver:x] [/ipxserver:x]
query server [/netbiosserver:x]
query server [/license | /app | /gateway | /serial | /disc | /serverfarm | /video]
query server [/continue] [/ignore] [/?]

Parameters
n
The number of times to ping a server (the default is five times), or the size of
ping buffers (the default is 256 bytes).
server
The name of a server within the farm.
x
The default TCP, IPX, or NetBIOS server address.
340 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Options
server server
Displays transport information for the specified server.
/addr
Displays address information for the specified server.
/app
Displays application names and server load for the specified server.
/continue
Don’t pause after each page of output.
/count:n
Number of times to ping the specified server.
/disc
Displays disconnected session data on the current server.
/gateway
Displays configured gateway addresses for the current server.
/ignore
Ignore warning message about interoperability mode.
/ipx
Displays IPX data for the current server.
/ipxserver:x
Defines the IPX default server address.
/license
Displays user licenses for the current server.
/load
Displays local data on the specified server.
/netbios
Displays NetBIOS data for the current server.
/netbiosserver:x
Defines the NetBIOS default server address.
/ping
Pings selected server. The default is five times.
/reset
Resets the browser statistics on the specified server.
/serial
Displays license serial numbers for the current server.
/serverfarm
Displays server farm names and server load.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 341

/size:n
Size of ping buffers. The default is 256 bytes.
/stats
Displays the browser statistics on the specified server.
/tcp
Displays the TCP/IP data for the current server.
/tcpserver:x
Defines the TCP/IP default server address.
/video
Displays VideoFrame data for the current server.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
Query server displays data about the Citrix servers present on a network within a
server farm running in interoperability mode. It shows all ICA Browser-based and
IMA-based servers within the farm, even if the server is not currently connected to
the farm.

Security Restrictions
None.

Query Session
Syntax
query session [sessionname | username | sessionid]
query session [/server:servername] [/mode] [/flow] [/connect] [/counter]
query session [/?]

Parameters
servername
The name of a server within the farm.
sessionname
The name of a session, such as “ica-tcp#7”.
sessionid
The two-digit ID number of a session.
342 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

username
The name of a user connected to the farm.

Options
session sessionname
Identifies the specified session.
session username
Identifies the session associated with the user name.
session sessionid
Identifies the session associated with the session ID number.
session /server:servername
Identifies the sessions on the specified server.
session /mode
Displays the current line settings.
session /flow
Displays the current flow control settings.
session /connect
Displays the current connection settings.
session /counter
Displays the current Terminal Services counter information.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Security Restrictions
None.

Query Termserver
Syntax
query termserver [servername] [/domain:domain] [/address] [/continue]
query termserver [/?]

Parameters
servername
The name of a server within the farm.
domain
The name of a domain to query.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 343

Options
termserver servername
Identifies a Terminal Server.
/address
Displays network and node addresses.
/continue
Don’t pause after each page of output.
/domain:domain
Displays information for the specified domain. Defaults to the current
domain if no domain is specified.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
If no parameters are specified, query termserver lists all terminal servers within
the current domain.

Security Restrictions
None.

Query User
Syntax
query user [ username | sessionname | sessionid ] [ /server:servername ]
query user [/?]

Parameters
servername
The name of a server within the farm.
sessionname
The name of a session, such as “ica-tcp#7”.
sessionid
The two-digit ID number of a session.
username
The name of a user connected to the farm.
344 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Options
user username
Displays connection information for the specified user name.
user sessionname
Displays connection information for the specified session name.
user sessionid
Displays connection information for the specified session ID.
user /server:servername
Defines the server to be queried. The current server is queried by default.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.

Remarks
If no parameters are specified, query user displays all user sessions on the current
server.

Security Restrictions
None.
 Appendix A MetaFrame XP Commands 345

TWCONFIG
Use twconfig to configure ICA display settings that affect graphics performance for
ICA Clients.

Syntax
twconfig [/query | /q]
twconfig [/inherit:on | off]
twconfig [discard:on | off]
twconfig [/supercache:on | off]
twconfig [/maxmem:nnn]
twconfig [/degrade:res | color]
twconfig [/notify:on | off]
twconfig [/?]

Options
/query, /q
Query current settings.
/inherit:on | off
Set to on to use the ICA display properties defined for the farm. Set to off to
use the settings specified for this server. By default, this is set to on.
/discard:on | off
Discard redundant graphics operations.
/supercache:on | off
Use alternate bitmap caching method.
/maxmem:nnn
Maximum memory (in kilobytes) to use for each session’s graphics (150KB
minimum, 8192KB maximum).
/degrade:res | color
When the maxmem limit is reached, degrade resolution first or degrade color
depth first.
/notify:on | off
If on, users are alerted when maxmem limit is reached.
/?
Displays the syntax for the utility and information about the utility’s options.
346 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Remarks
A MetaFrame XP server can be set to inherit its ICA display settings from the
server farm ICA display settings. Use /query to display the current inherit settings.
If /inherit is on, the settings displayed with /query are the server farm settings.
When /inherit is off, the settings shown are for the current server only.
Twconfig can be used only to change the settings on this server, for this server. To
change the settings for another server or for the server farm, use Citrix Management
Console.
Within the maxmem limit, various combinations of session size and color depth are
available. The session size and color depth values are determined using the
following formula: height x width x depth ≤ maxmem, where the height and width
are measured in pixels and depth is the color depth in bytes according to the
following table:

Color depth Bytes

True Color (24-bit) 3

High Color (16-bit) 2

256 Colors 1

16 Colors .5

The following is a list of the maximum session sizes with a 4:3 aspect ratio for each
color depth at the default maxmem value (height by width by color depth):
• 1600 by 1200 by 24-bit color
• 1920 by 1440 by 16-bit color
• 2752 by 2064 by 256 colors
• 3904 by 2928 by 16 colors

Security Restrictions
None.
 APPENDIX B

MetaFrame XP Setup Properties

This chapter describes the properties in the MetaFrame XP Windows Installer

package that you run to install MetaFrame XP. This chapter also explains the four
sample Windows Installer transform files included on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM
in the directory Support\Install. Refer to these properties when creating a Windows
Installer transform file to apply to the MetaFrame XP Windows Installer package.

Property Names and Values

Property names are case-sensitive. Values are not case-sensitive but must be
enclosed in quotation marks (“”) if you are using them in a command line.
CTX_MF_USER_NAME
Definition: User name for the initial Citrix administrator credentials; applies
only when creating a farm
Possible values: User defined
Default value: “UserName”
CTX_MF_DOMAIN_NAME
Definition: Domain name for the farm administrator credentials; applies only
when creating a farm
Possible values: User defined
Default value: “DomainName”
CTX_MF_SHADOWING_CHOICE
Definition: Turn shadowing on or off
Possible values: “Yes” - turn it on, or “No” - turn it off
Default value: “Yes”
348 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_REMOTE_ICA
Definition: Prohibit or do not prohibit remote control ICA sessions
Possible values: “Yes” - Prohibit, or “No” - Do not Prohibit
Default value: “No”
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_NO_NOTIFICATION
Definition: Prohibit or do not prohibit shadow connections without notification
Possible values: “Yes” - Prohibit, or “No” - Do not Prohibit
Default value: “No”
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_NO_LOGGING
Definition: Prohibit shadow connections without logging
Possible values: “Yes” - Prohibit, or “No” - Do not Prohibit
Default value: “No”
CTX_MF_FARM_SELECTION
Definition: Create/Join Farm
Possible values: “Create” - create a farm, or “Join” - join a farm
Default value: “Create”
CTX_MF_NFUSE_DEF_WEB_PAGE
Definition: Change default Web page (make NFuse your Web server’s default
Web page)
Possible values: “Yes” or “No”
Default value: “No”
CTX_MF_XML_CHOICE
Definition: Share IIS&XML or Use separate port
Possible values: “Share” - share with IIS, or “Separate” - use separate port as
mentioned by CTX_MF_XML_PORT_NUMBER
Default value: “Share”
CTX_MF_XML_PORT_NUMBER
Definition: XML port number when you choose not to share it with IIS
Possible values: User defined
Default value: “80”
 Appendix B MetaFrame XP Setup Properties 349

CTX_MF_FARM_SELECTION
Definition: Specifies whether a user can join or create a farm
Possible values: “Create” or “Join”
Default value: “Create”
CTX_MF_CREATE_FARM_DB_CHOICE
Definition: Specifies whether the database is a local access database or third-
party database
Possible values: “ThirdParty” or “Local”
Default value: “Local”
CTX_MF_ODBC_PASSWORD
Definition: Password for a third-party database
Possible values: User defined
Default value: “Password”
CTX_MF_ODBC_USERNAME
Definition: User name for a third-party database
Possible values: User defined
Default value: “Username”
CTX_MF_SILENT_DSNFILE
Definition: DSN File for the silent install to be used for the data store
Possible values: Complete path to the DSN File
Default value: “” (null)
CTX_MF_JOIN_FARM_DB_CHOICE
Definition: Specifies the type of join farm — direct or indirect
Possible values: “Direct” or “Indirect”
Default value: “Direct”
CTX_MF_INDIRECT_JOIN_DOMAIN_NAME
Definition: Domain name to be used in the event of an “Indirect” join farm
Possible values: Can be any user’s domain (the user account must have
administrative privileges in MetaFrame)
Default value: “DomainName”
350 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

CTX_MF_NEW_FARM_NAME
Definition: The name of the new farm; always specify if you are creating a new
farm
Possible values: User defined
Default value: “NewFarmName”
CTX_MF_INDIRECT_JOIN_USER_NAME
Definition: User Name if this is an “Indirect” join
Possible values: Can be any user who has administrative privileges in
MetaFrame
Default value: “UserName”
CTX_MF_INDIRECT_JOIN_PASSWORD
Definition: Password to use if this is an “Indirect” join
Possible values: The password for the user name entered in
CTX_MF_INDIRECT_JOIN_USER_NAME
Default value: “Password”
CTX_MF_JOIN_FARM_SERVER_NAME
Definition: Name of the Indirect join server
Possible values: Any server that has MetaFrame installed
Default value: “ServerName”
CTX_MF_JOIN_FARM_SERVER_PORT
Definition: Name of the Indirect join server port
Possible values: User defined
Default value: “2512”
REBOOT
Definition: Standard Windows Installer property that controls whether you
restart a server or prompt for the server to be restarted
Possible values: “Force” - Forces reboot to occur, no further prompts are
displayed
“Suppress” - Forces reboot to not occur by default; a prompt occurs if action is
necessary
“ReallySuppress” - Force reboot to not occur, no questions asked
Default value: “Force”
 Appendix B MetaFrame XP Setup Properties 351

CTX_MF_ZONE_NAME
Definition: Name of the zone to which the server belongs
Possible values: Not applicable
Default value: “ZoneName”
CTX_MF_LAUNCH_CLIENT_CD_WIZARD
Definition: Specifies whether to launch the ICA Client Distribution wizard (to
update the ICA Clients on the MetaFrame server)
Possible values: “Yes”- Launch wizard, or “No” - Do not launch wizard; that is,
do not update clients
Default value: “No”
CTX_MF_CLIENT_CD_PATH
Definition: Path to the MetaFrame XP Components CD-ROM to be passed to
the ICA Client Distribution wizard
Possible values: Complete path to the Components CD-ROM
Default value: “” (null)
CTX_MF_PRODUCT_CODE
Definition: Product code of the MetaFrame server you are trying to install. If
you are performing a silent install and using a command line, the command line
arguments for this property must be set to the correct value
Possible values: The product code on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM
Default value: “0D00-06A7”
CTX_MF_SERVER_TYPE
Definition: The family level of MetaFrame to be installed. If you are performing
a silent install and using a command line, the command line arguments for this
property must be set to the correct value
Possible values: “E” for MetaFrame XPe, “A” for MetaFrame XPa, or “S” for
MetaFrame XPs
Default value: “E”
352 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Creating Transforms
You can manipulate the installation process by applying Windows Installer
transforms (files with the .mst extension) to the installation database contained in a
Windows Installer package. A transform makes changes to elements of the
database. A transform file modifies the installation package when it is being
installed and dynamically affects the installation behavior.
Transforms that you create to customize a Windows Installer setup package remain
cached on your system. These files are applied to the base Windows Installer
package whenever the Installer needs to modify it. You can apply transforms only
when you initially install Windows Installer packages; you cannot apply transforms
to software that is already installed.
When you create a transform to apply to the MetaFrame XP Windows Installer
package, you set your desired values for properties in the package. When you then
apply the transform to the installation package, the “questions” you would be asked
during Setup are answered. Creating a transform allows you to install MetaFrame
XP in unattended mode.
There are several commercially available tools you can use to create or edit
transforms.
Citrix provides four sample transforms on the MetaFrame XP CD-ROM. The
sample transforms include sample values for select properties, allowing you to
determine which properties you can edit to achieve a certain configuration.
You can use these sample transforms to create a MetaFrame XP server farm using
Microsoft Access or Microsoft SQL Server as the farm’s data store.

Important Do not apply the sample transforms to MetaFrame XP Setup without

editing them to include your required values. Some of the commercially available
Windows Installer packaging tools allow you to edit existing transforms. Use the
sample transforms as a guideline to achieve the desired configuration.

To create a customized transform using one of the sample transform files

1. Using your preferred tool for editing Windows Installer packages, open the
sample transform you want to modify.
2. Enter new values for the properties you want to change.
3. Save the file with a new name.
You can apply transforms when you install the Windows Installer package by using
the Msiexec command.
 Appendix B MetaFrame XP Setup Properties 353

To apply a transform
Type the following at a command prompt where <package> is the name of the
MetaFrame XP Windows Installer installation package and <TransformList> is the
list of the transforms that you want to apply.
msiexec /i package TRANSFORMS=TransformList
If you are applying multiple transforms, separate each transform with a semicolon.
For further information about the parameters and switches you can use with these
options, go to the Microsoft Web site at http://www.microsoft.com and search on
“msiexec.”
The properties to set to achieve the results of each sample transform are listed in the
following sections.

Create a New MetaFrame XP Server Farm

This sample transform shows possible values for creating a farm that uses a
Microsoft Access database as the server farm’s data store. The database is stored
locally on the MetaFrame server and is configured for direct access by the other
servers in the farm. The name of the file is Localdb_access_create.mst.

Properties and Sample Values

CTX_MF_NEW_FARM_NAME= FarmAccess
CTX_MF_USER_NAME=Administrator
CTX_MF_DOMAIN_NAME=Domain1
CTX_MF_FARM_SELECTION=Create
CTX_MF_NFUSE_DEF_WEB_PAGE=Yes
CTX_MF_SHADOWING_CHOICE=Yes
CTX_MF_XML_PORT_NUMBER=80
CTX_MF_XML_CHOICE=Share
CTX_MF_SERVER_TYPE=a
CTX_MF_PRODUCT_CODE=0A00-0C32
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_NO_LOGGING=No
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_NO_NOTIFICATION=No
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_REMOTE_ICA=No
354 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

These rows are added to the transform because they are not available in the default
MetaFrame XP Windows Installer package.
CTX_MF_CLIENT_CD_PATH=H:\image
CTX_MF_LAUNCH_CLIENT_CD_WIZARD=Yes

Join an Existing MetaFrame XP Server Farm

In this sample transform, the existing server farm uses a Microsoft Access database
stored on one of the MetaFrame XP servers. The new server joining the farm
accesses the data store indirectly — through the data store created for direct access.
The name of the file is Join_Indirect.mst.

Properties and Sample Values

CTX_MF_FARM_SELECTION=Join
CTX_MF_INDIRECT_JOIN_USER_NAME=Administrator
CTX_MF_INDIRECT_JOIN_DOMAIN_NAME=Domain1
CTX_MF_JOIN_FARM_SERVER_NAME=Server1
CTX_MF_JOIN_FARM_SERVER_PORT= 2512
CTX_MF_JOIN_FARM_DB_CHOICE=Indirect
CTX_MF_NFUSE_DEF_WEB_PAGE=Yes
CTX_MF_XML_PORT_NUMBER=80
CTX_MF_XML_CHOICE=share
CTX_MF_SERVER_TYPE=a
CTX_MF_PRODUCT_CODE= 0D00-06A7
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_NO_LOGGING=Yes
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_NO_NOTIFICATION=No
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_REMOTE_ICA=No
These rows are added to the transform because they are not available in the default
MetaFrame XP Windows Installer package. If you have a blank password, do not
add the password property. In general, if a property exists in the .msi file and you
want to set it to NULL, delete the property in the transform file.
CTX_MF_CLIENT_CD_PATH=H:\image
CTX_MF_LAUNCH_CLIENT_CD_WIZARD=Yes
CTX_MF_INDIRECT_JOIN_PASSWORD=Password
 Appendix B MetaFrame XP Setup Properties 355

Create a New MetaFrame XP Server Farm

This sample transform creates a farm that uses a Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, or
IBM DB2 database as the server farm’s data store. The database is stored on a
dedicated database server and is configured for direct access by the servers in the
farm. The name of the file is thirdpartydb_create_direct.mst.

Properties and Sample Values

CTX_MF_NEW_FARM_NAME=Farm-ThirdParty
CTX_MF_CREATE_FARM_DB_CHOICE=ThirdParty
CTX_MF_USER_NAME=Administrator
CTX_MF_DOMAIN_NAME=Domain1
CTX_MF_FARM_SELECTION=Create
CTX_MF_ODBC_USER_NAME=sa
CTX_MF_ODBC_PASSWORD=Citrix
CTX_MF_ODBC_RE_ENTERED_PASSWORD=citrix
CTX_MF_NFUSE_DEF_WEB_PAGE=Yes
CTX_MF_SHADOWING_CHOICE=Yes
CTX_MF_XML_PORT_NUMBER=180
CTX_MF_XML_CHOICE=Separate
CTX_MF_SERVER_TYPE=e
CTX_MF_PRODUCT_CODE=0D00-06A7
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_NO_LOGGING=No
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_NO_NOTIFICATION=Yes
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_REMOTE_ICA=No
These rows are added to the transform because they are not available in the default
MetaFrame XP Windows Installer package.
CTX_MF_CLIENT_CD_PATH=H:\image
CTX_MF_LAUNCH_CLIENT_CD_WIZARD=Yes
CTX_MF_SILENT_DSNFILE =C:\TestSQL.DSN
356 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Join an Existing MetaFrame XP Server Farm

In this sample transform, the existing server farm uses a SQL, Oracle, or IBM DB2
database stored on a dedicated database server. The new server joining the farm
accesses the data store directly. The name of the file is
thirdpartydb_join_direct.mst.

Properties and Sample Values

CTX_MF_FARM_SELECTION= Join
CTX_MF_JOIN_FARM_DB_CHOICE=Direct
CTX_MF_ODBC_USER_NAME=sa
CTX_MF_ODBC_PASSWORD=Citrix
CTX_MF_ODBC_RE_ENTERED_PASSWORD=citrix
CTX_MF_NFUSE_DEF_WEB_PAGE=Yes
CTX_MF_SHADOWING_CHOICE=Yes
CTX_MF_XML_PORT_NUMBER=180
CTX_MF_XML_CHOICE=Separate
CTX_MF_SERVER_TYPE=e
CTX_MF_PRODUCT_CODE= 0D00-06A7
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_NO_LOGGING=No
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_NO_NOTIFICATION=Yes
CTX_MF_SHADOW_PROHIBIT_REMOTE_ICA=No
These rows are added to the transform because they are not available in the default
MetaFrame XP Windows Installer package.
CTX_MF_CLIENT_CD_PATH=H:\image
CTX_MF_LAUNCH_CLIENT_CD_WIZARD=Yes
CTX_MF_SILENT_DSNFILE =C:\TestSQL.DSN
 APPENDIX C

Glossary

account authority The platform-specific source of information about user accounts

used by a MetaFrame XP server; for example, a Windows NT domain, Active
Directory domain, or NetWare Directory Services.
activation code An alphanumeric string displayed on the Citrix Activation System
Web page after you enter a Citrix license number. To activate a license, select
the license number in Citrix Management Console and enter the activation
code.
anonymous application An application published exclusively for the use of
anonymous users.
anonymous session An ICA session started by an anonymous user.
anonymous user An unidentified user granted minimal access to a MetaFrame XP
server, or server farm, and its published applications.
anonymous user account A user account defined on a MetaFrame XP server for
access by anonymous users.
application name A text string used to uniquely identify a published application within
a farm. The application name is used by the MetaFrame XP server farm and
ICA Clients to recognize individual applications that may have the same
display name. The text string is automatically generated based on the display
name entered when the application was initially published.
Application Launching and Embedding (ALE) A feature of MetaFrame XP servers and
ICA Clients that enables full-function, Windows-based applications to be
launched from or embedded into HTML pages without rewriting any
application code.
application set A user’s view of the applications published on a server farm that the
user is authorized to access.
automatic client update The MetaFrame XP server feature that enables you to install
the latest versions of ICA Clients on your servers, then schedule the download
and installation of that software to your users’ client devices.
358 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

automatic client reconnect The feature that prompts supported ICA Clients to
automatically reconnect to a session when dropped connections are detected
(when network issues outside of MetaFrame XP occur).
ciphersuite An encryption/decryption algorithm. When establishing an SSL
connection, the client and server determine a common set of supported
ciphersuites and then use the most secure one to encrypt the communications.
Ciphersuites have different advantages in terms of speed, encryption strength,
exportability, and so on.
Citrix Management Console The extensible, platform-independent tool for
administering MetaFrame XP servers and management products.
Citrix administrators System administrators responsible for installing, configuring, and
maintaining MetaFrame XP servers. In a UNIX environment, it is the user
group assigned to these administrators, which has the default name ctxadm.
Citrix Program Neighborhood Agent The Citrix Program Neighborhood Agent allows
you to leverage Citrix NFuse to deliver published applications directly to
users’ desktops so users can access links to published applications with or
without a Web browser. With the Program Neighborhood Agent, links to
NFuse-enabled published applications appear in the Start menu, on the
Windows desktop, or in the Windows System Tray. Remote applications are
integrated into the desktop and appear to the user as local applications.
Citrix SSL Relay A Windows NT service that runs on a MetaFrame server to support
an SSL-secured connection between an NFuse Classic server and the
MetaFrame server. See also “Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)” on page 363 and
“SSL support for ICA” on page 364.
Citrix XML Service A Windows NT service that provides an HTTP interface to the ICA
Browser. It uses TCP packets instead of UDP, which allows connections to
work across most firewalls. The default port for the Citrix XML Service is 80.
client COM port mapping The feature that enables applications running on a
MetaFrame XP server to access peripherals attached to COM ports on the
client device.
client device Any hardware device capable of running the ICA Client software.
client device mapping The feature that enables remote applications running on the
MetaFrame XP server to access storage and peripherals attached to the local
client device. Client device mapping consists of several distinct features: client
drive mapping, client printer mapping, and client COM port mapping.
client drive mapping The feature that enables applications running on the MetaFrame
XP server to access physical and logical drives configured on the client device.
client printer mapping The feature that enables applications running on the MetaFrame
XP server to send output to printers configured on the client device.
client update database The database MetaFrame XP servers use to automatically
update ICA Clients. It contains copies of the clients themselves and
configuration information about how to perform the updates.
 Appendix C Glossary 359

connection control The feature that allows you to set a limit on the number of
connections that each user can have simultaneously in the server farm. You
can also limit the number of concurrent connections to specified published
applications, and you can prevent users from launching more than one instance
of the same published application.
connection license A license that enables ICA connections between a client device
and a MetaFrame XP server farm. Connection license counts can be assigned
to specific servers; they are automatically pooled among all servers in the
farm.
content publishing This feature allows you to publish document files, media files,
Web URLs, and any other type of file from any network location. Icons for
published content appear in Program Neighborhood, on the desktop, and in
NFuse. Users can double-click published content icons to access content in the
same way they access published applications.
content redirection This feature allows administrators to specify whether ICA Clients
open published content, applications, browsers, and media players locally or
remotely. There are two types of content redirection: from server to client and
from client to server.
custom ICA connection A user-created shortcut to a published application or Citrix
server.
CPU prioritization The feature that allows you to assign each published application in
the server farm a priority level for CPU access. This feature can be used to
ensure that CPU-intensive applications in the server farm do not degrade the
performance of other applications.
data collector A MetaFrame XP server that stores dynamic data for one zone in a
MetaFrame XP server farm.
data store An ODBC-compliant database used by a MetaFrame XP server farm. The
data store centralizes configuration information about published applications,
users, printers, and servers. Each MetaFrame XP server farm has a single data
store.
delegated administration The feature that allows you to delegate areas of MetaFrame
administration and farm management to your IT staff. Administrators can
assign specialized staff members to perform specific MetaFrame tasks such as
managing printers, published applications, or user policies. Specialized staff
members can carry out their assigned tasks without being granted full access to
all areas of farm management.
disconnected session An ICA session in which the ICA Client is no longer connected
to the MetaFrame XP server, but the user’s applications are still running. A
user can reconnect to a disconnected session. If the user does not do so within
a specified time-out period, the MetaFrame XP server automatically
terminates the session.
360 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

display name A name you specify when you publish an application. The display name
appears in the newer Program Neighborhood client and in Application folders
in Citrix Management Console. The display name is also available for use by
Web portals generated with Citrix NFuse technology.
dynamic store A data store that contains frequently updated configuration data such as
application load and license usage information. A server farm replicates
dynamic store information across multiple servers.
file type association You configure content redirection from client to server by
associating published applications with file types and then assigning them to
the users you want to be affected.
ICA Independent Computing Architecture. The architecture that Citrix uses to separate
an application’s logic from its user interface. With ICA, only the keystrokes,
mouse clicks, and screen updates pass between the client and server on the
network, while 100% of the application’s logic executes on the server.
ICA asynchronous connections Asynchronous connection types allow direct dial-in to
a MetaFrame XP server without the overhead of RAS and TCP/IP.
ICA Browser See master ICA Browser or master browser.
ICA Client Citrix software that enables users to connect to Citrix servers from a variety
of client devices.
ICA Client Creator The MetaFrame XP server utility you use to create disks from
which you can install ICA Clients and the ICA File Editor on a wide range of
client devices.
ICA Client Printer Configuration The utility you use to create and connect to client
printers for ICA DOS and WinCE Clients. You must run this utility in an ICA
session from the client whose printer you want to configure.
ICA Client Update Configuration The utility you use to configure the client update
database.
ICA connection The logical port used by an ICA Client to connect to, and start a
session on, a MetaFrame XP server. 1. An ICA connection is associated with a
network connection (such as TCP/IP, IPX, SPX, or NetBIOS) or a serial
connection (modems or direct cables). 2. The active link established between
an ICA Client and a MetaFrame XP server.
ICA file A text file (with the extension ica) containing information about a published
application. ICA files are written in Windows Ini file format and organize
published application information in a standard way that ICA Clients can
interpret. When an ICA Client receives an ICA file, it initializes a session
running the specified application on the MetaFrame XP server specified in the
file.
ICA protocol The protocol that ICA Clients use to format user input (keystrokes,
mouse clicks, and so forth) and address it to MetaFrame XP servers for
processing. MetaFrame XP servers use it to format application output (display,
audio, and so forth) and return it to the client device.
 Appendix C Glossary 361

ICA session A lasting connection between an ICA Client and a MetaFrame XP server,
identified by a specific user ID and ICA connection. It consists of the status of
the connection, the server resources allocated to the user for the duration of the
session, and any applications executing during the session. An ICA session
normally terminates when the ICA Client user logs off the MetaFrame XP
server.
Independent Management Architecture (IMA) Citrix’s server-to-server infrastructure
that provides robust, secure, and scalable tools for managing any size server
farm. Among other features, IMA enables centralized platform-independent
management, an ODBC-compliant data store, and a suite of management
products that plug in to the Citrix Management Console.
interoperability The MetaFrame XP ability to work in mixed mode with MetaFrame
1.8 servers in the same server farm. Not all MetaFrame XP features are
available in mixed mode.
key store The directory on the MetaFrame server running the SSL relay that contains
the server certificate. The default directory is
%SystemRoot%\SSLRelay\keystore\certs.
license count The number of server installations or ICA connections that a Citrix
license authorizes.
license number An alphanumeric string displayed by Citrix Management Console
when you enter a license serial number. You enter the resulting license number
on the Citrix Activation System Web page to receive an activation code for the
license.
license pooling A feature of MetaFrame XP servers that enables you to combine
license counts of product and connection licenses into a common license pool
for a server farm. All license counts are pooled by default. Assigning a license
count to a server removes it from the pool.
load management A feature of MetaFrame XPa and MetaFrame XPe that enables
management of application loads. When a user launches a published
application that is configured for load management, that user’s ICA session is
established on the most lightly loaded server in the farm, based on criteria you
can configure.
local text echo A feature that accelerates the display of text input on a client device to
effectively shield users from experiencing latency on the network.
master ICA Browser or master browser The ICA Browser on one Citrix server in a
network that gathers information about licenses, published applications,
performance, and server load from the other member browsers within the
network and maintains that information.
member ICA Browser or member browser The ICA Browsers on the Citrix servers in a
network that forward information about licenses, published applications,
performance, and server load to the master browser.
362 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

MetaFrame servers Servers on which Citrix MetaFrame software is running. You can
publish applications, content, and desktops for remote access by ICA Clients
on these servers.
mixed mode The mode in which MetaFrame XP servers operate when a server farm
contains both MetaFrame XP servers and MetaFrame 1.8 servers. See also
interoperability.
mouse-click feedback A feature that enables visual feedback for mouse clicks. When a
user clicks the mouse, the ICA Client software immediately changes the
mouse pointer to an hourglass to show that the user’s input is being processed.
native mode The mode in which MetaFrame XP servers operate when only IMA-
based Citrix servers exist in the network and the option to work with
MetaFrame 1.8 servers in the network is not selected. See also interoperability.
NDS support Support for Novell Directory Services allows users in Novell network
environments to log on using their NDS credentials to access applications and
content published in MetaFrame XP server farms.
neighborhood folder A group of logically related applications within a user’s
application set. You can assign an application to a specific neighborhood
folder when you publish it.
network printer A printer that is connected to a network print server.
panning and scaling ICA Client features users can use to view a remote session that is
larger than the client desktop. For example, if the client desktop is 1024 x 768
and the ICA session is 1600 x 1100 pixels, the session image does not fit in the
session view window. Panning provides scroll bars. Scaling provides controls
in the System menu to shrink the session window.
Pass-Through Authentication When you enable pass-through authentication, Citrix
Management Console uses your local user credentials from the server on
which the console is running. You can log on without re-entering credentials.
pass-through client An ICA Client installed on a MetaFrame server so that users of
every ICA Client platform can access published applications by connecting to
them through Program Neighborhood as a published application.
policies Policies are used to apply MetaFrame settings, for client device mapping, for
example, to specific users or user groups. They override similar MetaFrame
settings configured farm-wide, at the server level, or on the ICA Client.
product code A nine-character string that identifies a MetaFrame XP server product.
A server farm can contain MetaFrame XP servers with different versions of
the same core product; for example, full retail, evaluation, and not-for-resale
versions of MetaFrame XP. The product code allows a MetaFrame XP server
to locate its product license among the product licenses stored for the entire
server farm.
product license A software license that enables a Citrix product.
 Appendix C Glossary 363

Program Neighborhood The user interface for the ICA Win32 and ICA Java Clients,
which lets users view the published applications they are authorized to use in
the server farm. Program Neighborhood contains application sets and custom
ICA connections.
published application An application installed on a MetaFrame XP server or server
farm that is configured for multiuser access from ICA Clients. With Load
Manager, you can manage the load for published applications among servers
in the server farm. With Program Neighborhood and NFuse, you can push a
published application to your users’ client desktops.
published content A document, media clip, graphic, or other type of file or URL that
you publish for access by ICA Client users. Published content is executed by
local applications on client devices.
relay listening port The TCP port on the MetaFrame XP server that the Citrix SSL
Relay monitors for data from a Web server.
remote node A client device that can connect to a LAN or WAN with a modem and
additional software, such as Microsoft’s Dial-Up Networking. When
connected, the device has access to the same network resources as any other
node in the network, but is still subject to bandwidth limitations and modem
performance.
seamless window One of the settings you can specify for the Window Size property of
a published application. If a published application runs in a seamless window,
the user can take advantage of all the client platform’s window management
features, such as resizing, minimizing, and so forth.
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) A standards-based architecture for encryption,
authentication, and message integrity. It is used to secure the communications
between two computers across a public network, authenticate the two
computers to each other based on a separate trusted authority, and ensure that
the communications are not tampered with. SSL supports a wide range of
ciphersuites.
serial number An alphanumeric string that you enter in Citrix Management Console to
receive a license number for the software installed on a server.
server farm A group of MetaFrame XP servers managed as a single entity, with some
form of physical connection between servers and a database used for the
farm’s data store.
server-based computing Citrix’s model for computing where applications are
published on centralized servers, or server farms, and users access and run
those applications from remote client devices. Server-based computing differs
from traditional client-server computing in that all the application logic
executes on the host, consuming less network bandwidth and requiring far
fewer client resources.
session ID A unique identifier for a specific ICA session on a specific MetaFrame XP
server.
364 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Shadow Taskbar The taskbar on a MetaFrame XP server desktop that you can use to
shadow multiple users and to quickly switch between shadowed sessions.
shadowing A feature of MetaFrame XP servers that enables an authorized user to
remotely join or take control of another user’s ICA session for diagnosis,
training, or technical support. See also user-to-user shadowing.
SOCKS SOCKS is a protocol for secured TCP communications through a proxy
server.
SpeedScreen Latency Reduction A combination of technologies implemented in ICA
that decreases bandwidth consumption and total packets transmitted, resulting
in reduced latency and consistent performance regardless of network
connection.
SSL support for ICA This feature enables use of the SSL protocol to secure
communication between the ICA Clients that support SSL and MetaFrame XP
servers. SSL provides server authentication, encryption of the data stream, and
message integrity checks. After configuring the Citrix SSL Relay, you can
specify the use of SSL when you publish applications. See also Citrix SSL
Relay.
Universal printer driver This driver can be installed in the server farm and used as the
driver for all printers that users running the ICA Win32 Client use in the server
farm. The Universal Printer Driver eliminates the need to install many separate
printer drivers for diverse printing environments.
User-to-User Shadowing The feature that allows users to shadow other users without
requiring administrator rights. Multiple users from different locations can view
presentations and training sessions, allowing one-to-many, many-to-one, and
many-to-many online collaboration. See also shadowing.
Web-based ICA Client installation A Web-based method for deploying ICA Client
software to users. You construct an ICA Client download Web site that users
access to download the ICA Client for their client devices.
Windows-Based Terminal (WBT) A fixed-function thin-client device that can run
applications only by connecting to a Citrix application server. WBTs cannot
run applications locally.
zone A logical grouping of MetaFrame XP servers, typically related to the underlying
network subnets. All MetaFrame XP servers in a zone communicate with the
MetaFrame XP server designated as the data collector for the zone.
 365

Index

A C
Acrcfg command 310 Change Client command 320
Acrobat Reader program 15 Chfarm command 324
activation codes 136, 143–144, 146–147 Citrix Activation System 146
Active Directory Services 60, 221 Citrix administrators 72
Address List for client browsing 78 creating customized administrators 163
administration tools delegated administration of tasks 162
see management tools delegating tasks 34
administrator accounts Citrix Connection Configuration 191–192, 194–198, 200–
see Citrix administrators 202
ALE 254 Citrix Documentation Library 18
Altaddr command 313 Citrix ICA Client Administrator’s Guides 14
anonymous applications and users 249 Citrix licensing
anonymous users 249 see licensing
App command 315 Citrix Management Console 40, 126–127, 161–171
applications controlling access to 163
associating with file types 251 installing separately 124
data about 271 Java Run-Time Environment 46
launching and embedding 254 online help 16
passing parameters to published applications 254 refreshing data 170
publishing 244, 250 selecting server farms 167
see publishing applications updating 127
redirecting launching 256 Citrix NFuse Classic 14, 41, 44, 71, 73, 79–80, 83, 117,
setting CPU priority for 262 217, 237–238
assigning licenses to servers 149 setting the MetaFrame server’s default Web page 119
Async Test dialog box 201 Citrix Server Administration 96
asynchronous connection options 200–202 Citrix SSL Relay 39, 182, 187
asynchronous ICA connections 45, 194 changing the port 187
audio mapping 213 configuring 182
Auditlog command 318 Citrix Universal Print Driver 304
authentication, user 62, 65–66, 71–72, 99, 111, 237, 245, Citrix Web Console 39, 127, 158, 170, 273
276, 280 Citrix Web site 17
Auto Client Reconnect feature 276 Citrix XML Service 79, 117, 329
Auto Refresh Settings command 170 Clicense command 325
automatic client update 223 client device mapping 210
client documentation 14
B client printers 292
Client Update Configuration utility 225
bandwidth and compression counters 288 Client Update Database 224–235, 240
broadcasts adding clients 228
MetaFrame server response to 78 changing client properties 233
UDP 174 configuring update options 227
BUILTIN group 71 creating a new database 226
removing clients 232
366 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

specifying a default database 226 Ctxxmlss command 329

cloning MetaFrame XP servers 123
Cltprint command 328 D
COM port mapping 213
commands 309–347 data collectors 179
Components CD 219 election preference 180
configuring response to UDP broadcasts 174
anonymous user accounts 249 data store
Citrix administrators 72, 162 see IMA data store 99
Citrix SSL Relay 182 data, refreshing 170
client device mapping 209 dial-in account properties 199
client reconnection settings 277 Dialin Information dialog box 199
Connection Control settings 268 direct cable connections 200
content redirection 34 disconnecting ICA sessions 273
data collectors 179 DNS address resolution 80
direct cable connections 200 DNS and server names 44
ICA Administrator Toolbar 160 documentation 14, 128
ICA audio settings 208 Citrix NFuse Classic Administrator’s Guide 14
ICA browsing 75 conventions 15
ICA Client connections 191 Frequently Asked Questions 18
ICA encryption 205 ICA Clients 16
ICA network connections 117 MetaFrame XP 14
IMA zones 179 online help, using 16
MetaFrame XP servers and farms 157–189 online Product Documentation Library 17
mixed mode operation 93 submitting comments 18
network firewalls 81 documents and files, publishing 258
ODBC drivers 110 DOS-based printers 292
ports 85 downgrading a feature release 132
printer autocreation in NDS 70 drive mapping 210
shadowing 115 Drivers tab 297
user access to applications 248 Dsmaint command 330
Connection Control feature 266
connection licenses 139, 143 E
connections, controlling 266
Edit Connection dialog box 198, 200
content 252
election of data collectors 180
publishing 243–244, 258, 261
encryption, configuring 205
enhancements to 35
explicit users 250
publishing to be opened on client 259
extended characters in server names 44
publishing to be opened on server 259
external IP addresses 313
content redirection 34, 243–244, 251
configuring 256
from client to server 251, 256 F
from server to client 257 Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2 125–133
controlling feature release level 132, 153
access to Citrix Management Console 163 feature releases 33
client logons 265 downgrading 132
conventions, documentation 15 features included in Feature Release 1 38
counters, performance 288 features included in Feature Release 2 33
CPU priority for applications 262 upgrading to 125
creating and applying 281 file type association 251
 Index 367

firewalls 52, 73, 75, 77, 81–83, 85 installation diskettes, creating 222
Frequently Asked Questions 18 installing using NFuse Classic 218
logging activity 318
G logons to servers, controlling 265–266
NDS logons 66
global groups 63 pass-through ICA Client 219–220
grace period for licenses 144 printer mapping 212
Program Neighborhood Agent 217
H server location methods 77
server response to broadcasts 78, 174
hardware requirements 45
shadowing 158
HTML files 255
SSL support 39
time zone support 175
I updating 130, 223, 240
IBM DB2 Web-based installation 237
creating an IMA data store 99 with Citrix NFuse 217
migrating to 59 with Citrix NFuse Classic 237
requirements 58 ICA connections 191–213
using DB2 for the data store 109 adding 193
ICA (Independent Computing Architecture) 23 asynchronous 45, 194, 200
ICA Browser 86–87 audio mapping 213
ICA browsing 74–76, 78, 80–84, 86 client device mapping 210
ICA Client Creator 222 COM port mapping 213
ICA Client Distribution wizard 119, 224 drive mapping 210
ICA Client Object 220 Edit Connection dialog box 198
ICA Client Update Database 219 encryption 205
ICA Clients modem callback options 198
automatic client update 223 network connections 117
automatic reconnection 276 null modem cables 198
client printer auto-creation 306 printer mapping 212
client printers 292 restricting connections 205
Client Update Configuration utility 225 ICA Display options 173
Client Update Database 224 ICA files 255
client update process 224 ICA session monitoring 40, 288
Components CD 219 ICA sessions 75, 191, 241, 270
connection licenses 143 browsing configuration 75
connections, limiting 267 controlling logons 265
deploying 215–240 disconnecting sessions 273
deploying from network shares 222 encrypting 205
deploying with diskettes 222 monitoring session status 271
deploying with NFuse Classic 238 performance monitoring 288
deployment methods 215–216 published application data 271
deployment practices 236 resetting sessions 274
deployment scope 218 sending messages to users 274
documentation 14 Session ID 272
downloading 17 shadowing 158, 205, 284
features 23 states of 272
ICA Client Distribution wizard 119, 219, 224 terminating processes 275
ICA Client Object 220 Icaport command 334
ICA Client Update Database 219 IMA 21–23, 85, 145, 174, 324
368 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

changing the IMA port 335 IP connectivity 21, 76–77, 81

data collectors 179 IP ports 31, 79, 85
IMA service 71, 86, 138, 314
zones 179 J
IMA data store 309, 330
configuring during Setup 108 Java objects 117
configuring ODBC drivers 110 Java Run-Time Environment (JRE) 16, 46
connecting to 52 Java Virtual Machine (JVM) 44
database choices 50 Jet database
migrating to IBM DB2 59 see Microsoft Access
migrating to Oracle 57
migrating to SQL Server 55 L
using IBM DB2 58, 99
licensing 135–155
using Microsoft Access 52
activation 144
using Oracle 56, 99
adding feature release licenses 153
using SQL Server 53, 99
assigning licenses 149
imaging MetaFrame XP servers 123
connection licenses 139
Imaport command 335
feature release licensing 152
Independent Computing Architecture (ICA)
grace period 137, 144
see ICA
license counts 150–151
Independent Management Architecture (IMA)
license numbers 144, 146
see IMA
machine codes 144
installation
MetaFrame for UNIX connection licenses 96
Citrix NFuse Classic 44, 117
migrating from other products 139
common Windows Installer commands 103
overview of 135
configuring ODBC drivers 110
pooling license counts 95, 151
configuring the IMA data store 108
product codes 137, 140
creating a log file 103
product licenses 138, 143
creating an answer file for unattended installation 105
serial numbers 142
creating Windows Installer transforms 104
upgrading licenses 140
Feature Release 2 and Service Pack 2 127
viewing license information 154
feature release level, setting 132
Load Manager 241
imaging MetaFrame XP servers 123
local printers 292
MetaFrame Setup properties explained 347
logons
MetaFrame XP 99, 109, 122
controlling 265
product type 107
reporting 318
sample MetaFrame Setup transforms 352
shadowing restrictions 115
unattended Feature Release installation 130 M
unattended installation 104, 130 machine codes 144
uninstalling MetaFrame XP 123 management tools 96, 157
using Microsoft Access for the data store 108 master ICA Browser 86–87
using SQL, Oracle, or IBM DB2 for the data store messages, sending to users 274
109 MetaFrame
using the MetaFrame Windows Installer package 101 Feature Release 2 127
Internet Information Services 44 MetaFrame XPa 27
interoperability 86, 93 MetaFrame XPe 28
migrating MetaFrame 1.8 to MetaFrame XP 121 MetaFrame XPs 24
mixed mode 78 overview of MetaFrame XP family of products 24
IP addressing 80, 84, 313 policies 281
 Index 369

Service Pack 2 126 O

setup options 107
upgrading to feature releases 125 ODBC drivers, configuring 110
MetaFrame 1.8 157 online documentation 14
interoperability 86, 93 Oracle
migrating to MetaFrame XP 121 creating an IMA data store 99
MetaFrame components migrating to 57
Citrix Secure Gateway 26 requirements 56
Citrix SSL Relay 27 using Oracle for the data store 109
Enterprise Services for NFuse 30
Installation Manager 30 P
Load Manager 27
parameter passing 254
Network Manager 29
parameters
NFuse Classic 26
passing to published applications 254
Resource Manager 28
pass-through ICA Client 219, 246
MetaFrame for UNIX 96
performance counters 288
Microsoft Access 52
performance monitoring 288
Microsoft Internet Information Services 44
policies 281
Microsoft Systems Management Services (SMS) 221
about 35
migrating licenses 139
configuring user-to-user shadowing with policies 286
migrating MetaFrame 1.8 to MetaFrame XP 121
creating a policy 282
migrating to MetaFrame XP 121
prioritizing 283
mixed mode 78, 86, 93
ports used by Citrix software 85
server farm naming for 44
print servers, importing 296
modems 45
printer drivers 300
callback options 198
managing 297
ICA connections with 198
printer management 291–304
monitoring ICA sessions 271, 288
client printer mapping 212
moving a MetaFrame server to a different farm 324
Drivers tab 297
msiexec command 103
importing print servers 296
installed printers 298
N managing printer drivers 300
names of servers and server farms 44 printer autocreation in NDS 70
native mode 93 replicating printer drivers 301
Active Directory 61, 63 setting up network printers 299
MetaFrame XP 77–78, 94–97 user permissions 64
NetWare drive mapping assignments 211 printers
network connections 117 bandwidth consumption 297
network firewalls 52, 73, 75, 77, 81–83, 85 Citrix Universal Print Driver 304
Network management plug-ins 127 client 292–293
network management, SNMP 175 local 292
network printers 292, 294, 299 managing 291
network protocols 76–77, 81 network 292, 294, 299
New Connection dialog box 198 printer drivers 300
NFuse Classic shared 291
see Citrix NFuse Classic Printers tab 298
Novell Directory Service 66 processes, terminating 275
Novell ZENworks 71 product codes 137, 140
null modem cables, ICA connections with 198 product licenses 143
product type 107
370 MetaFrame XP Administrator’s Guide

Program Neighborhood Agent 217 sending messages to users 274

protocols, networking 76–77, 81 serial numbers 142
proxy servers 75 serial port mapping 213
Published Application Manager 97 server certificate, SSL 183
published content 252 server location 75–84, 86
publishing applications 244–256 server names, extended characters in 44
CPU prioritization 262 server-based computing 19
data on running applications 271 Service Pack 2 125–133
for access to Program Neighborhood 246 Session ID 272
license usage 151 sessions 191
limiting application instances 267 see ICA sessions
pass-through ICA Client 246 setup
procedures 250 see installation
publishing content 258 Shadow Taskbar 158, 284
standard applications 241 shadowing 115, 158, 205, 284
user authentication 245 user-to-user shadowing 34, 286
user permissions 64 shared printers 291
publishing applications and content 244 sizing systems for MetaFrame XP 47
publishing content 252, 258, 261 smart cards 34
software requirements 91
Q using SSCONFIG 91
using with MetaFrame 90
Query command 336 SMS (Microsoft Systems Management Services) 221
SNMP network management 175
R SNMP plug-ins 127
Solution Knowledgebase 18
reconnecting ICA Clients automatically 276
SQL Server
redirecting application launching 34
creating an IMA data store 99
refreshing data in Citrix Management Console 169
migrating to 55
remote control
requirements 53
see shadowing ICA sessions
using SQL for the data store 109
removing servers from server farms 123
SSCONFIG 91
replicating printer drivers 301
SSL
requirements
see Citrix SSL Relay
data store database 52
SSL encryption 183
disk and memory 45
states of ICA sessions 272
hardware 45
system requirements
IBM DB2 58
see requirements
Microsoft Access 52
Oracle 56
SQL Server 53 T
system sizing 47 TCP ports 85
system software 43 SSL relay (443) 182
Reset command 274 XML Service (80) 117
resetting ICA sessions 274 TCP/IP Network Protocol 77
TCP/IP+HTTP Network Protocol 76
S terminating processes 275
time zone support 175
security
TLS 182
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) 182
tools and utilities 96, 157, 159
Transport Layer Security (TLS) 182
 Index 371

transforms 352 W
Transport Layer Security (TLS) 182
Twconfig command 345 Web-based ICA Client installation 237
WinCE 292
Windows 2000 17
U Windows Installer
UDP broadcasts 77, 174 common commands 103
unattended installation 104, 130 creating a log file when installing MetaFrame 103
creating an answer file 105 creating transforms 104, 347
creating Windows Installer transforms 104 installing MetaFrame using the Windows Installer
uninstalling MetaFrame XP 123 package 101
universal groups 63 msiexec command 103, 106, 131
universal printer driver 304 Windows Installer packages 221
updating ICA Clients 223, 240 Windows Installer transforms 347
upgrading MetaFrame 1.8 to MetaFrame XP 121 sample MetaFrame Setup transforms 352
user account properties 199 Windows NT 4 17
user authentication 61–62, 65–66, 71–72, 99, 111, 237,
245, 276, 280 X
user groups 249
user permissions 64 XML
user policies 35, 281 Citrix XML Service 79, 117
creating a policy 282 data 77
prioritizing 283 XML Service 329
User Properties dialog box 199
user-to-user shadowing 286 Z
utilities 309–347
ZENworks Dynamic Local Users 71
zones 179
V see IMA zones
virtual printers 291