DCIT22-Computer Programming I
Lesson 1:
Introduction to Program
Logic Formulation and
Program Coding
(Flowchart)
Prepared by:
Ms.Mariella R. Leyba, MIT
OBJECTIVES
After the completion of the chapter, students will
be able to:
1. Understand the algorithms, as part of software
development;
2. Define and identify the symbols used in
flowcharting;
3. Analyze and create pseudocode and flowchart in
solving a problem; and
4. Design an algorithms, pseudocode, and flowchart
in solving a problem.
There are two commonly used tools to help document program
logic (the algorithm):
1. Pseudocode
2. Flowchart
FLOWCHART
- is a tool developed in the computer
industry, for showing the steps involved
in a process.
- Flowcharting combines symbols and
flowlines, to show figuratively the
operation of an algorithm.
- Is a pictorial representation of step by
step instructions to solve a problem.
PSEUDOCODE
How to get ready for school:
1. Wake up.
2. Eat breakfast.
3. Practice good hygiene.
4. Get dressed.
5. Take everything you need.
6. Head out the door.
7. Ride your school bus.
FLOWCHART
How to get ready for school:
FLOWCHARTING SYMBOLS
Symbol Name Description
Terminator Represents a start or end point of the process.
Input/Output Represents information entering or leaving
the system.
Process Indicates some particular operation.
Decision Represents a decision or branching point.
Represents a set-up to another step in the
Preparation process.
Off-page Connector Indicates that the process continues off page.
On-page Connector Indicates that the flow continues somewhere
else on the same page.
Flow lines Shows the order of the process.
EXAMPLES
START
BASIC ARITHMETIC FLOWCHART
Print “Enter your
nickname:”, nname.
PSEUDOCODE
Step 1: Start Print “Enter first
Step 2: Print “Enter your nickname”, nname. number:”, fnum.
Step 3: Print “Enter first number:”, fnum.
Step 4: Print “Enter second number:”, snum. Print “Enter second
number:”, snum.
Step 5: Subtract snum from fnum for the value
of difference.
Step 6: Print “Good day,”, nname, “!”. difference = fnum - snum
Step 7: Print “The difference of”, fnum, “and “,
snum, “is “, difference
Print “Good day,”, nname, “!”.
Step 8: End
Print “The difference of”, fnum,
“and “, snum, “is “, difference
END
DECISION MAKING START FLOWCHART
PSEUDOCODE Print “Enter first
number:”, fnum.
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Print “Enter first number:”, fnum.
Print “Enter second
Step 3: Print “Enter second number:”, snum. number:”, snum.
Step 4: If fnum is greater than the value of snum.
Step 4.1: Print fnum, “ is greater than “, snum.
Step 5: Else, print snum, “ is greater than “, fnum. if fnum T Print fnum, “
a
Step 6: End >
snum
is greater than
“, snum.
F
Print snum, “ is
greater than “,
fnum
END
FLOWCHART
LOOPING
START
current_year=2020
PSEUDOCODE
Print “Enter your name:”, name. a
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read current_year=2020 Print “Enter your birth
Step 3: Print “Enter your name:”, name year:”, birth_year.
Step 4: Print “Enter your birth year:”, birth_year
Step 5: The value of age is equal to current_year age = current_year – birth_year
minus birth_year.
Step 6: Print “Hi”, name, “! You are ”, age, “ years
old this year 2020.” Print “Hi”, name, “! You are ”,
age, “ years old this year 2020.”
Step 7: Print “Do you want to try again? (Y or N)”,
answer
Step 8: Check if answer is equals to ‘Y’. Print “Do you want to try again?
(Y or N)”, answer
Step 8.1: Then, go to Step 3.
Step 9: Else, print “Thank you!”
Step 10: End if T
answer a
== “Y”
F
1
LOOPING
PSEUDOCODE 1 FLOWCHART
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read current_year=2020
Step 3: Print “Enter your name:”, name Print “Thank you!”
Step 4: Print “Enter your birth year:”, birth_year
Step 5: The value of age is equal to current_year
minus birth_year.
Step 6: Print “Hi”, name, “! You are ”, age, “ years END
old this year 2020.”
Step 7: Print “Do you want to try again? (Y or N)”,
answer
Step 8: Check if answer is equals to ‘Y’.
Step 8.1: Then, go to Step 3.
Step 9: Else, print “Thank you!”
Step 10: End
Thank you and God bless!
___
