Exp-1

Topic-blinking LED using esp32 board

1.Aim of experiment - To connect a led with esp32 board and program it to blink using arduino IDE.
2.Components required - esp32 board,breadboard,jumper wires,resistor,LED,usb cable
3.Software required - tinkercad(online simulation platform),Arduino IDE
4.Theory:-

Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a free, open-source software that allows users
to write, compile, and upload code to Arduino boards.

Key Features:

1. Code Editor: Write and edit Arduino sketches (programs).

2. Compiler: Compile code into machine-readable format.
3.Uploader: Upload compiled code to Arduino board.
3. Debugger: Debug code using serial monitor and error messages.
4. Library Manager: Manage and install Arduino libraries.
5. Board Manager: Manage and update Arduino board configurations.

Programming Languages:

1. Arduino Programming Language (C++-based)

2. C++
3. C

ARduino UNO-
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board that can:

1. Read sensors (e.g., temperature, light, sound)

2. Control actuators (e.g., motors, LEDs, relays)
3. Communicate with other devices (e.g., computers, smartphones)
4. Perform calculations and logic operations

Tinkercad

Tinkercad is a free, web-based 3D modeling and electronics simulation platform.

Key Features:

1. 3D Modeling: Create and edit 3D models using simple shapes and tools.
2. Electronics Simulation: Simulate electronic circuits and projects.
3. Arduino Simulation: Simulate Arduino projects and code.
4. Circuit Design: Design and layout electronic circuits.
5. Collaboration: Real-time collaboration and sharing.

Esp32

ESP32 is a low-power, low-cost, and highly-integrated microcontroller chip .

The ESP32 board is a microcontroller board based on the ESP32 chip, providing a convenient and
accessible way to develop IoT, robotics, and other electronic projects.

LED Circuit connection: LED anode connected to digital pin, cathode to resistor, and resistor to GND.
Blinking LED Principle
Working

1. Initialize digital pin as OUTPUT.

2. Set pin HIGH to turn LED on.
3. Delay for specified time (e.g., 1000ms).
4. Set pin LOW to turn LED off.
5. Repeat steps 2-4.

Principle:

1. Digital Output: ESP32's GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) pins are configured as digital outputs.
2. LED Connection: LED is connected to a GPIO pin through a resistor (optional).
3. Programmed Loop: ESP32 executes a programmed loop that toggles the GPIO pin's state
(HIGH/LOW) at regular intervals.
4. LED Blink: When the GPIO pin is HIGH, the LED turns ON, and when LOW, it turns OFF.

Circuit diagram
6.Interfacing code

Conclusion
Blinking an LED using Arduino, ESP32, and Tinkercad simulation is a fundamental project that
demonstrates the basics of microcontroller programming and electronics. By this we
1. Successfully set up and programmed Arduino and ESP32 boards to blink an LED.
2. Understood the circuit diagram and connections required for the project.
3. Written and simulated code using Arduino IDE and Tinkercad.

Exp-2
Topic-blinking LED using ultrasonic sensor

1.Aim of experiment - To connect a led and ultrasonic sensor with esp32 board and program it to
blink using arduino IDE.

2.Components required -ultrasonic sensor,esp32 board,breadboard,jumper wires,resistor,LED,usb

cable
3.Software required-tinkercad(online simulation platform),Arduino IDE
4.Theory:-
Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a free, open-source software that allows users
to write, compile, and upload code to Arduino boards.

Key Features:

1. Code Editor: Write and edit Arduino sketches (programs).

2. Compiler: Compile code into machine-readable format.
3.Uploader: Upload compiled code to Arduino board.
3. Debugger: Debug code using serial monitor and error messages.
4. Library Manager: Manage and install Arduino libraries.
5. Board Manager: Manage and update Arduino board configurations.

Programming Languages:

1. Arduino Programming Language (C++-based)

2. C++
3. C
ARduino UNO-
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board that can:

1. Read sensors (e.g., temperature, light, sound)

2. Control actuators (e.g., motors, LEDs, relays)
3. Communicate with other devices (e.g., computers, smartphones)
4. Perform calculations and logic operations

Tinkercad

Tinkercad is a free, web-based 3D modeling and electronics simulation platform.

Key Features:

1. 3D Modeling: Create and edit 3D models using simple shapes and tools.
2. Electronics Simulation: Simulate electronic circuits and projects.
3. Arduino Simulation: Simulate Arduino projects and code.
4. Circuit Design: Design and layout electronic circuits.
5. Collaboration: Real-time collaboration and sharing.

Esp32

ESP32 is a low-power, low-cost, and highly-integrated microcontroller chip .

The ESP32 board is a microcontroller board based on the ESP32 chip, providing a convenient and
accessible way to develop IoT, robotics, and other electronic projects.

Principle:

1. Ultrasonic Sensor sends high-frequency sound waves (40 kHz).

2. Sound waves bounce back from objects within range.
3. Sensor detects echoed sound waves and calculates distance.
4. Arduino reads distance data from sensor.
5. If distance falls within set threshold, Arduino triggers LED blink.
Arduino Programming:
- Read distance data from sensor using pulseIn() function.
- Compare distance with set threshold.
- If distance < threshold, blink LED using digitalWrite() function.

Threshold Settings:

1. Set minimum and maximum distance thresholds.

2. Adjust thresholds based on desired sensing range.

LED Blinking Logic:

1. If distance < minimum threshold, LED blinks rapidly.

2. If distance > maximum threshold, LED remains off.
3. If distance between thresholds, LED blinks at moderate rate.

->Sensor - ultrasonic sensor-An ultrasonic sensor is a non-contact proximity sensor that uses high-
frequency sound waves to detect objects within a specific range.
1. Ultrasonic sensor sends sound waves.
2. Sensor detects echoed sound waves.
3. Arduino calculates distance.
4. If distance < threshold, LED turns ON.
5. If distance > threshold, LED turns OFF.
How it Works:

1. Transmitter sends high-frequency sound waves (typically 40 kHz).

2. Sound waves bounce back from objects within range.
3. Receiver detects echoed sound waves.
4. Sensor calculates distance using time-of-flight principle.

5. Circuit diagram

6. Interfacing code

7.About connection of ultrasonic sensor -

Ultrasonic Sensor

- VCC to Arduino 5V
- GND to Arduino GND
- TRIG to Arduino Digital Pin 9
- ECHO to Arduino Digital Pin 10

LED

- Anode to Arduino Digital Pin 13

- Cathode to Resistor
- Resistor to GND

8.Conclusion-Blinking an LED using an ultrasonic sensor is a fascinating project that demonstrates the
integration of sensors, microcontrollers, and output devices. By this we
1. Successfully integrated ultrasonic sensor with Arduino.
2. Implemented distance-based LED blinking.

Exp-3
Topic-using DHT11 in esp32 board

1.Aim of experiment - To measure temperature and humidity through DHT11 sensor using ESP32.
2.Components required - ESP32 Board, DHT11 sensor, Breadboard ,Jumper Wires , usb cable
3.Software required - Arduino IDE
4.Theory:-
Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a free, open-source software that allows users
to write, compile, and upload code to Arduino boards.

Key Features:

1. Code Editor: Write and edit Arduino sketches (programs).

2. Compiler: Compile code into machine-readable format.
3.Uploader: Upload compiled code to Arduino board.
3. Debugger: Debug code using serial monitor and error messages.
4. Library Manager: Manage and install Arduino libraries.
5. Board Manager: Manage and update Arduino board configurations.

Programming Languages:

1. Arduino Programming Language (C++-based)

2. C++
3. C

ARduino UNO-
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board that can:

1. Read sensors (e.g., temperature, light, sound)

2. Control actuators (e.g., motors, LEDs, relays)
3. Communicate with other devices (e.g., computers, smartphones)
4. Perform calculations and logic operations

Esp32

ESP32 is a low-power, low-cost, and highly-integrated microcontroller chip .

The ESP32 board is a microcontroller board based on the ESP32 chip, providing a convenient and
accessible way to develop IoT, robotics, and other electronic projects.

principle

1. DHT11 sensor measures temperature and humidity.

2. Sensor sends digital data to ESP32.
3. ESP32 reads data using GPIO interrupt or polling.
4. ESP32 processes data and calculates temperature and humidity values.
5. ESP32 can transmit data via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth.

-> DHT 11 Sensor - The DHT11 is a low-cost, digital temperature and humidity sensor. It's widely used
in various applications, including weather stations, home automation, and industrial control systems.
Pinout

1. VCC (Power)
2. GND (Ground)
3. DATA (Digital output)

5.Circuit diagram
6.Interfacing code

7.About connection of DHT11 sensor-Connection Diagram:

- DHT11 Sensor:
- VCC to ESP32 3.3V
- GND to ESP32 GND
- DATA to ESP32 GPIO (e.g., GPIO23)

8.Conclusion - Measuring temperature and humidity using DHT11 sensor with ESP32 is a reliable and
accurate method for various applications.

Exp-4
Topic-Creating account in thingspeak channel send temp and humidity info by DHT11 in thingspeak

1.Aim of experiment -To Create a Thingspeak channel and send temperature and humidity
information by DHT11 sensor in thingspeak using esp32 microcontroller and arduino IDE .
2.Components required- ESP32 Board, DHT11 sensor, Breadboard ,Jumper Wires , usb cable
3.Software required - Arduino IDE, thingspeak
4.Theory:-
Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a free, open-source software that allows users
to write, compile, and upload code to Arduino boards.
Key Features:

1. Code Editor: Write and edit Arduino sketches (programs).

2. Compiler: Compile code into machine-readable format.
3.Uploader: Upload compiled code to Arduino board.
3. Debugger: Debug code using serial monitor and error messages.
4. Library Manager: Manage and install Arduino libraries.
5. Board Manager: Manage and update Arduino board configurations.

Programming Languages:

1. Arduino Programming Language (C++-based)

2. C++
3. C

ARduino UNO-
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board that can:

1. Read sensors (e.g., temperature, light, sound)

2. Control actuators (e.g., motors, LEDs, relays)
3. Communicate with other devices (e.g., computers, smartphones)
4. Perform calculations and logic operations

Esp32

ESP32 is a low-power, low-cost, and highly-integrated microcontroller chip .

The ESP32 board is a microcontroller board based on the ESP32 chip, providing a convenient and
accessible way to develop IoT, robotics, and other electronic projects.

Thingspeak channel -
ThingSpeak is an open-source Internet of Things (IoT) platform that allows users to collect, analyze,
and visualize data from sensors and devices. It provides a cloud-based infrastructure for IoT
applications, enabling users to:

1. Collect data from sensors and devices

2. Store and process data in the cloud
3. Visualize data in real-time
4.Analyze data using Arduino and other tools

-> DHT11 Sensor - The DHT11 is a low-cost, digital temperature and humidity sensor. It's widely used
in various applications, including weather stations, home automation, and industrial control systems.
Pinout-

1. VCC (Power)
2. GND (Ground)
3. DATA (Digital output)

Data Flow :-

1. DHT11 measures temperature and humidity.

2. ESP32 reads data from DHT11.
3. ESP32 formats data into JSON or CSV.
4. ESP32 sends data to ThingSpeak using API keys.
5. ThingSpeak stores data in cloud database.
6. ThingSpeak provides real-time visualization and analysis.

5.Circuit diagram
6.Interfacing code

7. About connection of DHT11 sensor-

- DHT11 Sensor:
- VCC to ESP32 3.3V
- GND to ESP32 GND
- DATA to ESP32 GPIO (e.g., GPIO23)

8.Conclusion -
Sending temperature and humidity information by DHT11 to ThingSpeak using ESP32 is a reliable and
efficient method for remote monitoring and analysis. By this we did real-time monitoring and
visualization.

Exp-5
Topic-Creating blynk account interface with esp32 for blinking an led.

1.Aim of experiment - To create blynk account and interface with esp32 for blinking led.
2.Components required - led,esp32 board,jumper wires,breadboard, usb cable
3.Software required - arduino IDE, blynk
4.Theory:-
Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a free, open-source software that allows users
to write, compile, and upload code to Arduino boards.

Key Features:

1. Code Editor: Write and edit Arduino sketches (programs).

2. Compiler: Compile code into machine-readable format.
3.Uploader: Upload compiled code to Arduino board.
3. Debugger: Debug code using serial monitor and error messages.
4. Library Manager: Manage and install Arduino libraries.
5. Board Manager: Manage and update Arduino board configurations.

Programming Languages:

1. Arduino Programming Language (C++-based)

2. C++
3. C

ARduino UNO-
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board that can:

1. Read sensors (e.g., temperature, light, sound)

2. Control actuators (e.g., motors, LEDs, relays)
3. Communicate with other devices (e.g., computers, smartphones)
4. Perform calculations and logic operations

Esp32

ESP32 is a low-power, low-cost, and highly-integrated microcontroller chip .

The ESP32 board is a microcontroller board based on the ESP32 chip, providing a convenient and
accessible way to develop IoT, robotics, and other electronic projects.

->blink-
Blynk is a popular Internet of Things (IoT) platform that enables users to create, manage, and monitor
IoT projects. It provides a user-friendly interface for connecting devices, sensors, and actuators to the
cloud.

Key Features

1. Cloud-based: Scalable and secure cloud infrastructure

2. Device Management: Manage and monitor devices remotely
3. Data Analytics: Real-time data visualization and analysis
4. Widget-based Interface: Drag-and-drop widgets for custom dashboards
5. Multi-protocol Support: Supports various communication protocols (HTTP, MQTT, CoAP, etc.)
6. Cross-platform Compatibility: Supports iOS, Android, and web applications
7. Open-source: Community-driven development and customization

System Components

1. ESP32 Microcontroller:
- Processes data and controls LED
- Communicates with Blynk server via Wi-Fi

2. LED Module:
- Connected to ESP32 GPIO pin
- Blinks based on Blynk app input

3. Blynk IoT Platform:

- Cloud-based server for data processing and storage
- Provides user interface for LED control

4. Wi-Fi Connectivity:
- Enables communication between ESP32 and Blynk server
System Workflow

1. User interacts with Blynk app.

2. Blynk app sends command to Blynk server.
3. Blynk server forwards command to ESP32.
4. ESP32 processes command and controls LED.
5. ESP32 sends confirmation to Blynk server.
6. Blynk server updates app with LED status.

Blynk App Configuration

1. Create Blynk project and authorize devices.

2. Add button widget for LED control.
3. Configure widget settings (pin, mode, label).

ESP32 Code

1. Include Blynk library.

2. Define LED pin and Wi-Fi credentials.
3. Connect to Wi-Fi and Blynk server.
4. Define callback function for LED control.

Connections:
1. ESP32 GPIO23 (D23) to LED Anode
2. LED Cathode to GND
3. ESP32 3.3V/5V to Power Source
4. ESP32 GND to Power Source GND

5.Circuit diagram
6.Interfacing code

8. Conclusion - Interfacing Blynk with ESP32 for blinking an LED showcases the simplicity and
potential of IoT technology. This project demonstrates remote LED control, real-time monitoring, and
scalability, making it suitable for various applications such as home automation, industrial control
systems, and wearable technology.

Exp-6
Topic-Automation using blink

1.Aim of experiment - Interfacing blynk with esp32 for sensing temperature and humidity using
DHT11 sensor
2.Components required - esp32 board, dHT11 sensor , breadboard, jumper wires, usb cable
3.Software required - arduino IDE,blynk
4.Theory:-
Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a free, open-source software that allows users
to write, compile, and upload code to Arduino boards.

Key Features:

1. Code Editor: Write and edit Arduino sketches (programs).

2. Compiler: Compile code into machine-readable format.
3.Uploader: Upload compiled code to Arduino board.
3. Debugger: Debug code using serial monitor and error messages.
4. Library Manager: Manage and install Arduino libraries.
5. Board Manager: Manage and update Arduino board configurations.

Programming Languages:

1. Arduino Programming Language (C++-based)

2. C++
3. C

ARduino UNO-
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board that can:

1. Read sensors (e.g., temperature, light, sound)

2. Control actuators (e.g., motors, LEDs, relays)
3. Communicate with other devices (e.g., computers, smartphones)
4. Perform calculations and logic operations

Esp32

ESP32 is a low-power, low-cost, and highly-integrated microcontroller chip .

The ESP32 board is a microcontroller board based on the ESP32 chip, providing a convenient and
accessible way to develop IoT, robotics, and other electronic projects.
->DHT 11 Sensor - The DHT11 is a low-cost, digital temperature and humidity sensor. It's widely used
in various applications, including weather stations, home automation, and industrial control systems.
Pinout-

1. VCC (Power)
2. GND (Ground)
3. DATA (Digital output)

System Components

1. ESP32 Microcontroller:
- Processes data from DHT11 sensor
- Communicates with Blynk server via Wi-Fi
2. DHT11 Sensor:
- Measures temperature (°C) and humidity (%RH)
- Digital output
3. Blynk IoT Platform:
- Cloud-based server for data processing and storage
- Provides user interface for temperature and humidity monitoring
4. Wi-Fi Connectivity:
- Enables communication between ESP32 and Blynk server

System Workflow-

1. DHT11 sensor measures temperature and humidity.

2. ESP32 reads data from DHT11 sensor.
3. ESP32 processes data and sends to Blynk server.
4. Blynk server stores data and updates user interface.
5. User monitors temperature and humidity on Blynk app.

Blynk App Configuration

1. Create Blynk project and authorize devices.

2. Add gauge widgets for temperature and humidity.
3. Configure widget settings (unit, range, label).

ESP32 Code
2. Define DHT11 pin and Wi-Fi credentials.
3. Connect to Wi-Fi and Blynk server.
4. Read temperature and humidity data from DHT11.
5. Send data to Blynk server.

5.Circuit diagram
6.Interfacing code

9. About connection of DHT11 sensor-

- VCC to ESP32 3.3V
- GND to ESP32 GND
- DATA to ESP32 GPIO (e.g., GPIO23)

Conclusion - Interfacing Blynk with ESP32 for sensing temperature and humidity using DHT11 sensor
demonstrates a seamless integration of IoT technology for real-time environmental monitoring. This
project showcases the capabilities of ESP32 and DHT11 sensor in measuring temperature and
humidity, while Blynk's cloud-based platform enables remote monitoring and data visualization.
Exp-7
Topic-

1.Aim of experiment
2.Components required
3.Software required
4.Theory:-
->About arduino mega/UNO
->Sensor/Motor
->Controller(if they use)
5.Circuit diagram
6.Interfacing code
7.About connection of motor /sensor
8.Conclusion
Exp-8
Topic-

1.Aim of experiment
2.Components required
3.Software required
4.Theory:-
->About arduino mega/UNO
->Sensor/Motor
->Controller(if they use)
5.Circuit diagram
6.Interfacing code
7.About connection of motor /sensor
8.Conclusion