A

Micro project report On

“ WWW AND HTTP ”

SUBMITTED TO M.S.B.T.E., Mumbai

For the Award of

DIPLOMA IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING BY

Roll no Name of Student Enrollment no

30 VAIBHAV NAMDEV GODASE 2210740190
60 RAUT INDRAJIT KAILAS 2210740227
46 JADHAV OMKAR PANDURANG 2210740209
13 KULKARNI VISHWANATH KESHAV 2210740174

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mr.G.S.Misal
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING
NBA ACCREDIATED

SVERI’s College of Engineering (Polytechnic), Pandharpur

Gopalpur Pandharpur-413304
2024-25
AFFILIATED TO

M.S.B.T.E.
Evolution sheet for Micro Project

Academic Year:- 2024-25 Name of Faculty:- Mr.G.S.Misal

Course:- Computer Engineering Course code:- CO5I
Subject:-Advanced Computer Network Subject Code:-22520
Semester:- 5 Scheme:- I

Title of Project:- WWW AND HTTP

COs addressed by the Micro Project:

CO 5 Configure various application layer protocol.

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)

Marks out of 4
Marks out of 6 Total
for
for mars
Roll No Name of students performance
performance in out
in oral/
group activity of 10
Presentation

30 GODASE VAIBHAV NAMDEV

60 RAUT INDRAJIT KAILAS
45 JADHAV OMKAR PANDURANG
13 KULKARNI VISHWANATH
KESHAV

Name and Mr.G.S.Misal

Signature of
faculty
 SVERI’s COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (POLYTECHNIC), PANDHARPUR.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project report entitled

“ WWW AND HTTP ”
Submitted by

Roll no Name of Student Enroll

ment
no
30 GODASE VAIBHAV NAMDEV 2210740190
60 RAUT INDRAJIT KAILAS 2210740227
45 JADHAV OMKAR PANDURANG 2210740209
13 KULKARNI VISHWANATH KESHAV 22107402174

is a bonafide work carried out by above students, under the guidance of Mr.G.S.Misal and it is
submitted towards the fulfillment of requirement of MSBTE, Mumbai for the award of Diploma in
Information Technology at SVERI’s COE (Polytechnic), Pandharpur during the academic year 2024-25.

(Mr.G.S.Misal)

Guide
(Mr.P.S.BHANDARE) (Dr. Misal N. D.)
HOD Principal

Place:

Pandharpur Date:

/ /
 Acknowledgement

“ WWW AND HTTP ” has been developed successfully with a great contribution of two students
in a period of two months. We like to appreciate their guidance, encouragement and willingness since
without their support the project would not have been a success. We would like to give our heartfelt
gratitude to Principal Dr. N. D. Misal, Guide Mr. & HOD Mr. P.S.BHANDARE , who is the supervisor
of our project for helping and encouraging us in many ways to make our project a success. We would
never been able to finish our work without great support and enthusiasm from friends and support from
our family. We would like to thank the department of Information Technology, for giving us permission
to initiate this project and successfully finish it.
 1. Introduction :

Application Layer Overview :

The Application Layer is the topmost layer of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model and the
TCP/IP model. It serves as the interface between end-user applications and the underlying network protocols.
This layer is responsible for enabling communication over a network by providing services that support user
applications, such as web browsers, email clients, and file transfer tools.

Key Features of the Application Layer :

 User Interface: Directly interacts with end users, providing the means for them to send and receive
information.
 Protocol Support: Defines rules and standards for various application protocols, such as HTTP, FTP
(File Transfer Protocol), SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), and DNS (Domain Name System).
 Data Formatting: Ensures that data is formatted properly for transmission, often converting it into a
standard format for the receiving application.
 Session Management: Manages sessions and connections, allowing multiple applications to
communicate simultaneously.

Application Protocols: HTTP and WWW :

1. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

 Purpose: Facilitates communication between clients (web browsers) and servers.

 Functionality:
o Request-Response Model: Clients send requests (e.g., for a webpage), and servers respond
with the requested data.
o Statelessness: Each interaction is independent; the server doesn’t store session information.
o Methods: Common methods include:
 GET: Retrieve data.
 POST: Send data to the server.
 PUT: Update existing resources.
 DELETE: Remove resources.
 Status Codes: HTTP uses status codes (like 200 for success, 404 for not found) to indicate the
outcome of requests.

2. WWW (World Wide Web)

 Purpose: A system for accessing interlinked documents and resources on the internet.
 Functionality:
o Content Delivery: Uses HTTP to transfer web pages (HTML), images, videos, etc.
o Hyperlinks: Allows users to navigate between documents seamlessly.
o Uniform Resource Locators (URLs): Provide addresses for resources, enabling easy access.
 Web Technologies: Involves a range of technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript) that work together to
create interactive web experiences.
2. Resources Used :-

Sr. Specification Remark

No.
1 Intel Core i3/ i5, RAM 4GB As per requirement
2 Operating System – Windows 10 As per requirement
3 Application – Microsoft Word 2016 As per requirement

4 IR Sensor kit ---

 HTTP :

o HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol.

o It is a protocol used to access the data on the World Wide Web (www).
o The HTTP protocol can be used to transfer the data in the form of plain text, hypertext, audio, video, and
so on.
o This protocol is known as HyperText Transfer Protocol because of its efficiency that allows us to use in
a hypertext environment where there are rapid jumps from one document to another document.
o HTTP is similar to the FTP as it also transfers the files from one host to another host. But, HTTP is
simpler than FTP as HTTP uses only one connection, i.e., no control connection to transfer the files.
o HTTP is used to carry the data in the form of MIME-like format.
o HTTP is similar to SMTP as the data is transferred between client and server. The HTTP differs from
the SMTP in the way the messages are sent from the client to the server and from server to the client.
SMTP messages are stored and forwarded while HTTP messages are delivered immediately.

Features of HTTP :
o Connectionless protocol : HTTP is a connectionless protocol. HTTP client initiates a request and waits for a
response from the server. When the server receives the request, the server processes the request and sends back
the response to the HTTP client after which the client disconnects the connection. The connection between client
and server exist only during the current request and response time only.

o Media independent : HTTP protocol is a media independent as data can be sent as long as both the
client and server know how to handle the data content. It is required for both the client and server to
specify the content type in MIME-type header.

o Stateless : HTTP is a stateless protocol as both the client and server know each other only during the
current request. Due to this nature of the protocol, both the client and server do not retain the
information between various requests of the web pages.

HTTP Transactions :

The below figure shows the HTTP transaction between client and server. The client initiates a transaction by
sending a request message to the server. The server replies to the request message by sending a response
message.
 Figure: HTTP transaction

 Message :
HTTP messages are of two types: request and response. Both the message types follow the same
message format.

Figure : HTTP
  Request Message :

The request message is sent by the client that consists of a request line, headers, and sometimes a body .

Figure : HTTP Request

 Response Message :

The response message is sent by the server to the client that consists of a status line, headers, and
sometimes a body.

Fig : HTTP Response

 Uniform Resource Locator (URL) :

o A client that wants to access the document in an internet needs an address and to facilitate the
access of documents, the HTTP uses the concept of Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
o The Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a standard way of specifying any kind of information on
the internet.
o The URL defines four parts: method, host computer, port, and path.
 Figure : URL Pattern

 Process :

Configuring the HTTP Service.

Transaction SCOT (or SCON) :

You have to configure the SAPconnect settings that you require for sending text messages using HTTP.

 Creating HTTP-GET Nodes using the Wizard :

1. Make sure you are in the Node view.
2. Choose Nodes Create Using Wizard .
3. Enter a node name and a description.
4. Choose HTTP Node.
5. Enter the URL that is specified by the provider and has already been tested. When entering the
parameters, use the pushbuttons if you need help.
6. If required, enter your personal provider password.
7. If your provider has not supplied you with any values, enter 160 for the Maximum Length and use
the default values for Character Set and Coding.
8. Specify the messages your provider returns if a dispatch was successful and if an error occurred.
9. Enter the address area for which this HTTP node is to be responsible. In general, * is used here.
10. Specify the maximum waiting time for repeating the send attempt procedure if an error occurs.
11. Select Node is ready for use.

 Creating HTTP-GET or HTTP-POST Nodes Without Using the Wizard :

1. Make sure you are in the Node view.
2. Choose Node Create .
 3. Enhance the general specifications such as node name, description, and maximum wait time.
4. Maintaining the HTTP Connection
Either choose an existing HTTP destination from the drop-down selection or create a new destination.
To create a new destination, open transaction SM59 using the interface of the same name and set up the
new destination there.

Specify if you want to create an HTTP-GET or an HTTP-POST node.

5. Enhance the specifications and confirm the dialog.

 Send Job :
A periodical background process, the SAPconnect send job, sends the text messages to the provider. To
schedule this job in SAPconnect: Administration, proceed as follows:
1. Choose View Jobs .
2. If no other job has been scheduled, choose Job Create .
3. Enter a job name and confirm it.
4. Select the variant SAP&CONNECTPAG by positioning the cursor on it.
5. Choose Schedule Job.
6. Choose Schedule Periodically.
7. Select the interval you require, such as 10 minutes.
8. Choose Create.
 World Wide Web (WWW) :

The World Wide Web (WWW), often called the Web, is a system of interconnected webpages and
information that you can access using the Internet. It was created to help people share and find
information easily, using links that connect different pages together. The Web allows us to browse
websites, watch videos, shop online, and connect with others around the world through our computers
and phones.
All public websites or web pages that people may access on their local computers and other devices
through the internet are collectively known as the World Wide Web or W3. Users can get further
information by navigating to links interconnecting these pages and documents. This data may be
presented in text, picture, audio, or video formats on the internet.

 What is WWW?

WWW stands for World Wide Web and is commonly known as the Web. The WWW was started by
CERN in 1989. WWW is defined as the collection of different websites around the world, containing
different information shared via local servers(or computers).
Web pages are linked together using hyperlinks which are HTML-formatted and, also referred to as
hypertext, these are the fundamental units of the Internet and are accessed through Hypertext Transfer
Protocol(HTTP). Such digital connections, or links, allow users to easily access desired information
by connecting relevant pieces of information. The benefit of hypertext is it allows you to pick a word
or phrase from the text and click on other sites that have more information about it.

 History of the WWW :

It is a project created, by Tim Berner Lee in 1989, for researchers to work together effectively at
CERN. It is an organization, named the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) , which was developed
for further development of the web. This organization is directed by Tim Berner’s Lee, aka the father
of the web. CERN, where Tim Berners worked, is a community of more than 1700 researchers from
more than 100 countries. These researchers spend a little time on CERN and the rest of the time they
work at their colleges and national research facilities in their home country, so there was a
requirement for solid communication so that they can exchange data.

 System Architecture :

From the user’s point of view, the web consists of a vast, worldwide connection of documents or web
pages. Each page may contain links to other pages anywhere in the world. The pages can be retrieved
and viewed by using browsers of which internet explorer, Netscape Navigator, Google Chrome, etc
are the popular ones. The browser fetches the page requested interprets the text and formatting
commands on it, and displays the page, properly formatted, on the screen.
The basic model of how the web works are shown in the figure below. Here the browser is displaying
a web page on the client machine. When the user clicks on a line of text that is linked to a page on the
abd.com server, the browser follows the hyperlink by sending a message to the abd.com server asking
it for the page.
 Here the browser displays a web page on the client machine when the user clicks on a line of text that
is linked to a page on abd.com, the browser follows the hyperlink by sending a message to the
abd.com server asking for the page.

 Working of WWW :

A Web browser is used to access web pages. Web browsers can be defined as programs which display
text, data, pictures, animation and video on the Internet. Hyperlinked resources on the World Wide
Web can be accessed using software interfaces provided by Web browsers. Initially, Web browsers
were used only for surfing the Web but now they have become more universal.
The below diagram indicates how the Web operates just like client-server architecture of the internet.
When users request web pages or other information, then the web browser of your system request to
the server for the information and then the web server provide requested services to web browser
back and finally the requested service is utilized by the user who made the request.
Web browsers can be used for several tasks including conducting searches, mailing, transferring files, and
much more. Some of the commonly used browsers are Internet Explorer, Opera Mini, and Google Chrome.

 Features of WWW :

 WWW is open source.

 It is a distributed system spread across various websites.
 It is a Hypertext Information System.
 It is Cross-Platform.
 Uses Web Browsers to provide a single interface for many services.
 Dynamic, Interactive and Evolving.

 Components of the Web :

There are 3 components of the web:

 Uniform Resource Locator (URL): URL serves as a system for resources on the web.
 Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP): HTTP specifies communication of browser and server.
 Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML): HTML defines the structure, organisation and content of
a web page.

 Difference Between WWW and Internet :

WWW Internet

It is originated in 1989. It is originated in 1960.

WWW is an interconnected network of websites and documents Internet is used to connect a computer
that can be accessed via the Internet. with other computer .

WWW used protocols such as HTTP Internet used protocols such as TCP/IP

It is based on software. It is based on hardware.

There is a entire infrastructure in

It is a service contained inside an infrastructure.
internet.
 Web Browser Evolution and the Growth of the World Wide Web :

In the early 1990s, Tim Berners-Lee and his team created a basic text web browser. It was the release
of the more user-friendly Mosaic browser in 1993 that really sparked widespread interest in the World
Wide Web (WWW). Mosaic had a clickable interface similar to what people were already familiar
with on personal computers, which made it easier for everyone to use the internet.

Mosaic was developed by Marc Andreessen and others in the United States. They later made Netscape
Navigator, which became the most popular browser in 1994. Microsoft’s Internet Explorer took over
in 1995 and held the top spot for many years. Mozilla Firefox came out in 2004, followed by Google
Chrome in 2008, both challenging IE’s dominance. In 2015, Microsoft replaced Internet Explorer with
Microsoft Edge.

3. Conclusion :

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a fundamental protocol that underpins the functioning of the World
Wide Web. Through its request-response model, HTTP enables clients (like web browsers) to communicate
with servers effectively.

 Key Points:

 HTTP Request and Response : When a client sends an HTTP request, it specifies the resource it
seeks, using methods like GET or POST. The server processes this request and returns an HTTP
response, which includes a status code and the requested data. This interaction is stateless, ensuring
each request is independent, which simplifies server management but requires strategies like cookies
or sessions for maintaining state.

 HTTP Configuration Setup : Proper HTTP configuration is essential for optimizing server
performance and security. This involves setting up web servers (like Apache or Nginx), configuring
SSL/TLS for secure connections, and fine-tuning server settings to handle traffic efficiently.
Correctly configuring headers, caching, and redirects also enhances the user experience and overall
site functionality.

 WWW Integration : The World Wide Web leverages HTTP to facilitate the sharing of interlinked
documents and multimedia content. By utilizing URLs, users can navigate effortlessly between
resources, creating a rich and dynamic online experience. Technologies like HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript complement HTTP, enabling developers to create interactive and visually appealing web
applications.

4. References :-

1. https://chatgpt.com/
2. https://google.com/