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Table of Contents

VISION ............................................................................................................................... 1
MISSION ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.Outcomes of WMC MBBS Program: ........................................................................... 2
2.Introduction to the Study Guide: .................................................................................. 3
3.Assessment Map & Strategies ....................................................................................... 6
● Scheme of Assessment: ......................................................................................... 7
4.Structured Summary of Y4B2....................................................................................... 9
5.Block Development Committee ................................................................................... 10
6.Course content .............................................................................................................. 11
✓ Community Medicine ......................................................................................... 11
✓ PCMILE .............................................................................................................. 16
✓ Pathology ............................................................................................................. 18
✓ ENT ...................................................................................................................... 27
✓ Ophthalmology.................................................................................................... 30
✓ Medicine............................................................................................................... 34
✓ Surgery................................................................................................................. 42
✓ Gynecology .......................................................................................................... 47
✓ Pediatrics ............................................................................................................. 51
7.Rules & Regulations: .................................................................................................... 54
● i.Student’s code of conduct ................................................................................ 54
● ii.WMC student code of conduct ....................................................................... 54
● iii.Attendance policy ........................................................................................... 55
8.Study tips ....................................................................................................................... 56
9.Feedback on the study guide ....................................................................................... 57
10.References: .................................................................................................................. 57
11.Time Table Template ................................................................................................. 58

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 VISION
National University of Medical Sciences envisions a
world with a better quality of life for all by enhancing
our contribution to healthcare, education, innovation
and research.

MISSION

“To produce competent medical professional

graduates equipped with sound knowledge & research
capabilities based on scientific principles, imbued with
ethics and moral values primed to serve the community
through the profession and pursue research &
advanced training in any branch of medicine”.

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1. Outcomes of WMC MBBS Program:

At the end of our five-year MBBS program, the graduates should be able to:

1. Independently manage common, non-critical clinical problems.

2. Assist in the management of critically ill patients & demonstrate competency

in life saving procedures.

3. Exhibit the attributes of an ethical professional.

4. Conduct research which brings relevance to health care practices.

5. Act as an efficient community health promoter.

6. Exhibit scientific knowledge in all professional activities.

7. Demonstrate clear and efficient written & verbal communication skills.

8. Exhibit the habits of a lifelong learner.

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 2. Introduction to the Study Guide:
I. Objectives of the Study Guide
Dear Students,
We, at the Department of Medical Education, Wah Medical College, have developed this
study guide especially for you. This study guide aims to:

● Inform you about the organization of learning programs in this block which will
help you to contact the right person in case of any difficulty.

● Help you in organizing and managing your studies throughout the block

● Guide you on assessment methods, rules, and regulations.

● Define the outcomes which are expected to be achieved at the end of the block.

● Identify the learning strategies that will be implemented to achieve the block
outcomes such as lectures, small group discussions, clinical skills, demonstration,
tutorial, and case-based learning

● Provide a list of learning resources such as books, and journals for students to
consult to maximize their learning.

Figure 1. Objectives of the study Guide(HARDEN, J.M. LAIDLAW, E.A. HESKETH, 1999)

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II. Commonly used abbreviations & Logos in the study guide
Learning Outcomes:
Learning outcomes are statements that define the expected goal of your course, lesson, or
activity in terms of demonstrable skills or knowledge that will be acquired by you as a result
of instruction. In simple words, these are the things that you must be able to tell or do with the
required attitude after learning a particular topic.

1. Educational Strategies:
These are the methodologies through which you will be taught by your instructors.
These can include.
Abbreviation Logos

LGIS: Large Group interactive

session/Lecture
Flipped Classroom

CBL: Case based learning.

Practicals

Demonstrations

SGD: Small group discussions

BST: BedSide Teaching

Skill Lab

Clinical Teaching (OPD/ OT/ IPD

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Large Group Interactive Sessions
In a large group, the lecturer introduces a topic or common clinical condition and explains the
underlying phenomena through questions, pictures, videos of patient’s interviews, exercises,
etc. Students are actively involved in the learning process.
Flipped classroom
A pedagogical approach in which the conventional notion of classroom-based learning is
inverted: students are introduced to the learning material before class with classroom time then
being used to deepen understanding through discussion with peers and problem-solving
activities facilitated by teachers.
Small Group Discussion
This format helps students to clarify concepts, acquired skills or attitudes. Sessions are
structured with the help of specific exercises such as patient cases, interviews, or discussion
topics. Students exchange opinions and apply knowledge gained from lectures, tutorials, and
self-study. The facilitator’s role is to ask probing questions, summarize, or rephrase to help
clarify concepts.
Case-Based Learning
This is a small group discussion format where learning is focused around a series of questions
based on a clinical scenario. Specifically, designed case scenarios and the learning outcomes
to be achieved are shared with the student before the session. Students prepare for the CBL
and during class they discuss and answer the questions applying relevant knowledge gained in
clinical and basic health sciences during the block. Faculty members are present as a guide
and an assessor.
Self-Directed Study
Students assume responsibilities of their own learning through individual study, sharing and
discussing with peers, seeking information from the Learning Resource Center, teachers, and
resource persons within and outside the college. Students can utilize the time within the college
schedule hours for self-study under supervision.
Bedside teaching
Students learn clinical case scenarios/ patient examination firsthand at the patient’s bedside
with the help of the instructor in case of online teaching, the same cases will be shown to you
online with the help of videos and live clinical teaching.

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3. Assessment Map & Strategies

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i. Internal Assessment.

During the block the students will be continually formatively assessed. The weightage of
internal assessment will be 20 % in final professional MBBS Examination. There will be two
EOB and one pre-annual examination. There will also be end of rotation exams at the end of
each clinical rotation. The scores of the EOB assessment, clinical rotation assessment and pre-
annual examination will be used for calculation of the internal assessment. Students must pass
at least 50% of all the formal formative assessments conducted during the year to become
eligible to sit in the send-up exam. It is mandatory for MBBS students to appear and pass the
pre-annual exam with at least 33% marks in each subject as per PMC rules, failing which
student is not eligible to appear in the university exam.

ii. Annual Professional Examination.

The University will take the 4th professional Examination as per PMC guidelines at the
end of the academic year. Annual Theory & Practical Examination will be of 300 marks
each in Special Pathology & Community Medicine & 200 marks each in ENT &
Ophthalmology. The pass score will be 50% in theory and practical separately. However,
in clinical subjects, students should pass in clinical exams / OSCE (with 50% marks) and
unobserved stations (with 50% marks) separately.

Scheme of Assessment:
SPECIAL PATHOLOGY, COMMUNITY MEDICINE

Marks of theory paper = 120

Time Allowed = 3 hours

Total Marks = 150
MCQs: 40% (150 x 0.4=60 marks)
SEQs: 40% (150 x 0.4= 60 Marks)
IA: 20% (150 x 0.2=30 Marks)
Pass Marks = 75
Paper-1:
80 MCQs, Time =80 min
*Marks of MCQ components shall be rationalized to 40% weightage out of 150.
*If a candidate obtains 70 marks in MCQs it will be rationalized as: (70/80*60=52.50)
Paper-2:
9x SEQs: 7 questions x 6 Marks each + 2 questions x9 Marks each= 60 Marks
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Time = 100 min
ENT & EYE

Marks of theory paper = 80 marks, Internal Assessment = 20 marks

Time Allowed = 3 hours
Total Marks= MCQs:40% (40 marks) +SEQs:40% (40 marks) +IA:20%(20 marks)
Pass Marks = 50
Paper-1: 60 MCQs = 40 marks
Time = 60 min
*Marks of MCQ components shall be rationalized to 40% weightage. *If a candidate
obtains 50 marks in MCQs it will be rationalized as: (50/60*40=33.33)
Paper-2:
Time = 120 min
8x SEQs = 05 Marks Each = 40 Marks

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 4. Structured Summary of Y4B2
Name Y4B2

Duration 10 weeks
Prerequisite Block Y4B1
Special Pathology Urinary System, Male genital tract, Female genital tract, Breast,
Bone/Joints/Soft tissue, Skin, Vascular disorders of kidney,
Glomerular diseases, Tubulointerstitial diseases, Cystic diseases of
kidney and obstructive uropathy, Neoplasms of Kidney, Renal
function tests and Fluid and electrolyte disorders, Neoplastic and non-
Neoplastic disorders of Urinary bladder, Female genital system
(Vulva, Vagina and Cervix),Female Genital system (Endometrium,
and myometrium),Female Genital system (Fallopian tube and
Ovary),Gestational and Placental disorders, Breast (Benign and
Malignant Epithelial Lesions), Breast (Stromal neoplasms), Breast
(Biochemical markers of importance), Muscular-skeletal system,
Skin.
Gynecology Urinary incontinence, Medical disorders in pregnancy: Renal
diseases, Autoimmune diseases (SLE, APS), Epilepsy, Benign and
malignant conditions of uterus, cervix and ovary, Endometriosis and
chronic pelvic pain
Peads Common pediatric renal disorders, Acute and chronic kidney injury
Chronic cough & recurrent chest infection, Tonsillitis, pharyngitis &
peritonsillar abscess.

Surgery Urology diseases, Surgical diseases & breast pathologies,

Orthopedics trauma and pathologies, Anesthesia

Medicine Common Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology and Psychiatry

disorders, Critically ill patients in A&E department

Community Demography, Emerging & reemerging infections/ Hospital acquired

Medicine Infections, General Immunology, Communicable diseases including
Parasitology & Entomology, Injuries and accidents, Disaster
management, Social and Behavioral sciences, Mental health, Drug
Addiction, Smoking, Current Health Programs in Pakistan
ENT Congenital conditions of nose, Diseases of external nose, Facial
trauma, Inflammatory conditions of the nose. Diseases of nasal
septum and nasal cavities, Epistaxis, Nasal Allergy, Vasomotor
Rhinitis & nasal polypi. Sinusitis, Neoplasm of nose and paranasal
sinuses
Ophthalmology Cornea, Lens, Glaucoma, Conjunctiva ,Dry eye and Nasolacrimal
(EYE) system

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 5. Block Development Committee
Chairperson Brig (R)Prof. Dr. Tariq Masood Malik

Block In-charge Prof. Jamila

Members/ Resource Community Medicine: Dr. Robina Mushtaq

persons Pathology: Prof. Jamila
ENT: Col(R)Prof. Muhammad Asad
Ophthalmology: Dr. Asma Aftab
Surgery: Prof. Manan Masood
Medicine: Dr. Syed Asim Ali Shah
Gynecology: Dr. Shabana Kalsoom
Pediatrics: Dr. Tahir Mehmood
PCMILE: Dr. Ambreen Ansar
Study guide Department of Medical Education
developed By Wah Medical College
under Supervision of
Prof. Dr. Musarat Ramzan
Resource person for Dr. Ambreen Ansar
Study Guide

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6. Course content

Community Medicine
Subject Learning Outcomes

After completion of Community Medicine Y4B2 the students would be able to:
1. Apply knowledge of statistics to measure all health problems affecting people at
individual and community levels, right from birth to death, considering research and
ethical approaches. (PLO 2,3,4,6,7,8).
2. Recommend measures for prevention, protection and education about the common
community health problems. (PLO 1,3,5,6,7,8).

Block Learning Outcomes

At the end of Y4B2 the students will be able to:

1. Interpret changes in population and disease patterns for modifying health services.
(SLO 1)
2. Apply epidemiology of common communicable diseases in the global and local
context for control and prevention of diseases. (SLO 1, 2)
3. Recommend appropriate interventions for control and prevention of common social
health issues at household and community level. (SLO 1, 2)
4. Write a comprehensive report on assigned tasks. (SLO 2,4,5)
5. Demonstrate professional behavior in all learning activities. (SLO 5)
S# Topic Educationa Names of Importance
l Strategies Instructor (Must Know
Should Know
Could Know)
1. Demography Flipped Prof Dr. Must Know
classroom Musarat
Ramzan
Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Associate various factors affecting child bearing practices.
● Interpret population change upon calculation.
● Interpret graphic structures of populations.
● Recommend public health measures on population structure
● Correlate demographic transition with epidemiological transition
2. Emerging & re-emerging Flipped Dr. S. Sabah Must Know
infections/ Hospital classroom Imran
acquired infections/
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 Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Differentiate between emerging and re-emerging diseases
● Suggest control measures against emerging and re-emerging diseases
● Explain nosocomial infections, factors causing it and control measures.
● Communicate effectively regarding prevention of nosocomial infections
3. General Immunology Flipped Dr. S. Must
classroom Sabah Know
Imran
Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Interpret the immune reactions, types of immunity, herd immunity
● Describe pre-requisites of vaccination including cold chain, hazards, contra-
indications & precautions
● Recommend immunizing agents in various situations.
● Investigate the adverse effect following immunization
General Immunology Skill Dr. Khola Must Know
Waheed, Dr.
Sadia Nadeem
● Administer polio vaccine following the protocol.
● Advise mothers for vaccination in different situations
4. Communicable diseases Flipped Dr. S. Sabah Must Know
including classroom, Imran, Dr. Sadia
o Parasitology & LGIS, Nadeem, Dr.
Entomology SGD Khola Waheed,
Dr. Saleh
Ahmed, Dr.
Hurmat Saeed
Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Compare and contrast the epidemiological determinants, mode of transmission,
spectrum, clinical presentations and investigations of communicable diseases.
● Suggest strategies for disease control and prevention for every specific disease
and in different scenarios.
● Recommend control measures for the related vectors in the disease scenarios
5. Social and behavioral Flipped Mrs. Hafsa Should
sciences classroom Naeem Know
Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Relate social etiology with individual and public health.
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 ● Discuss the role of interprofessional relationships in a hospital to form a social
organization.
● Apply bio-psycho-social model on disease etiology and its prevention.
6. Mental health LGIS Mrs. Hafsa Must know
Naeem
Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Recognize warning signs of poor mental health.
● Recommend preventive measures against mental health problems according to the
given scenario
● List WHO criteria and Recommendations to improve mental health in countries
7. Drug Addiction, Smoking LGIS Mrs. Hafsa Must Know
Naeem
Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Relate factors and hazards associated with drug abuse and smoking
● Differentiate the symptoms of different drug related addictions
● Recommend measures to control drug abuse and smoking in Pakistan.
Drug Addiction, Smoking Skill Mrs. Hafsa Must Know
Naeem
● Educate individuals to quit Substance abuse.
8. Injuries and accidents Flipped Dr. Robina Must Know
classroom Mushtaq
Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Appreciate epidemiology of accidents
● Give strategies for controlling various types of accidents
9. Disaster management Flipped Dr. Robina Should
classroom Mushtaq Know
Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Categorize different types of disasters
● Outline management plan of Disaster in the given situation
● Apply National Disaster Management and Preparedness guidelines on the
given scenarios
10. Current Health LGIS & Dr. Khola Should
Programs in Pakistan Field Visit Waheed Know
Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Describe various Health programs of Pakistan and their components
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 ● Participate in various international days of significant health problems of
Pakistan
11. Personal Hygiene /Unsafe LGIS Dr. Saleh Should
Injections Ahmed Know
Class Learning Outcomes:
The students would be able to:
● Relate personal hygiene and unsafe injection practices with communicable
diseases
12. Personal Hygiene /Unsafe Skill Dr. Saleh Should
Injections Ahmed Know
Class Learning Outcomes:
● Educate community about importance of personal hygiene and hazards associated
with unsafe injection practices
● Demonstrate Hand washing Technique

Field Visits:

● Family Planning Center

● EPI Center
● MNCH Center
Skills:
● Hand washing
● EPI
● Communication Skill
CBL:
● Rash producing Respiratory Infections
● Gastrointestinal Infections
Learning Resources:
1. Text Books
● Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine
● Public Health and Community Medicine (Shah, Ilyas, Ansari, Irfan’s)
2. Reference Books/ Library resources
● Davidson Principles and Practice of Medicine
● Lucas, Short Textbook of Public Health Medicine for the Tropics
● Population Reference Bureau’s Population Handbook
● An Introduction to Medical Demography & Population Studies
By Mohd. Aslam Chaudhry & Ali Mohammad Mir
● Handouts/SDL prepared by faculty/Google class
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3. Online resources
● Seasonal Awareness & Alert Letter, NIH
● National Health Programmes
● Tobacco free Initiative Pakistan
● Epidemiology of Cigarette smoking
● Communicable diseases in Pakistan-WHO report
● Population Statistics of Pakistan
Teaching Faculty:

Name Email address

Prof. Dr. Musarat Ramzan [email protected]
Prof. Dr. S. Sabah Imran [email protected]
Dr. Robina Mushtaq Rizvi [email protected]
Dr. Khola Waheed Khan [email protected]
Dr. Sadia Nadeem [email protected]
Dr. Saleh Ahmed [email protected]
Assessment formats:
Assessment tools (Formative) Assessment Strategies (Summative)

MCQs, Home assignments, MCQs, SAQs/SEQs, OSPE, Viva

SAQs/SEQs, CBL, Viva

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 PCMILE
Subject Learning Outcomes

At the end of fourth year MBBS program the student will be able to:

S.# Topic/department Educational Name of Importance

Strategies Instructor (Must Know
Should Know
Could Know)
1. Discuss ethical issues at LGIS Medicine Should know
end of life
Learning Outcomes:
● Make sound decisions regarding resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, artificial
nutrition and hydration, terminal sedation, withholding and withdrawing treatments,
euthanasia, and physician-assisted suicide.
2. Discuss ethical issues at LGIS Gynae Should know
the beginning of life.
Learning Outcomes:
● Discuss the ethical issues in relation to providing contraception, responding to
requests for abortions and for referral to assisted reproductive services, providing
antenatal care, and caring for women during labour and delivery.
3. Describe ethical issues in LGIS Surgery Should know
organ transplant
Learning Outcomes:
● Discuss the fundamental morality of transplanting body parts, the ethics of organ
procurement, and the ethics of allocation.
● Demonstrate understanding of their role as a doctor in the current scenario of organ
transplants in Pakistan.
4. From error to harm LGIS Physiology Should know
Learning Outcomes:
● Discuss the reasons causing patient harm
● Discuss the burden of harm done
● Name the key strategic action areas of patient safety as defined by WHO
5. Responding to an LGIS BS Should know
Adverse Event:
Communication,
Apology, and Resolution
Learning Outcomes:
● Differentiate between adverse medical error, near miss, minor error, serious error,
and preventable adverse event.
● Name important elements of hospital incident policy.
● Discuss the recommendations for initial response to the event.
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 6. Medical errors LGIS BS Should know
Learning Outcomes:
● Identify the medical errors occurring during surgery, diagnostic workup,
medication, or due to faulty devices and equipment, and systems failures,
infections, falls, and inappropriate use of healthcare technology
7. Root cause analyses and LGIS Pharmacology Nice to know
actions
Learning Outcomes:
● Identify any underlying problems in processes that increase the likelihood of an
error with a non-punitive approach using RCA approach.
8. Apply ethics of medical Flipped DME Must Know
writing in their research classroom
project
● Discuss the pros & cons of following ethics in medical research writing.
● Write an introduction of 300-500 words on the given research topics following the
ethics of medical writing.
9. Pursuing professional LGIS BS Must Know
Accountability and a just
culture.
Learning Outcomes:
● Discuss the meaning and the key components of accountability.
● Discuss the place of accountability in professionalism.
● Explain why accountability is needed in the medical profession.
Online Learning resources:

● Responding to adverse events

● Patient safety to avoid harm by WHO
● Medical error
● RCA
● Ethics in medical writing
● Accountability in healthcare

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 Pathology
At the end of second module, the students of 4th year MBBS should be able to:

∙ Describe the etiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, laboratory findings,

morphological features and clinic-pathologic consequences of major diseases
related to the Urinary System, Male & Female genital tract, Breast, Bone /Joints/
Soft tissue and skin.

∙ Describe the clinical features, pathogenesis, laboratory findings, morphological

features and clinico-pathologic consequences of major diseases related to Kidney,

Collecting system, Female genital system and Breast.

S. Topics Educational Name of Importance

No Strategies Instructor (Must Know
Should Know
Nice to Know)
1. Urinary System. LGIS/ Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
Practical** Fozia Noreen
**Asstt Prof.
Dr. Lubna
Ehtizaz
Class Learning Outcomes:
● Congenital & developmental anomalies of kidney/ vascular disorders.
● Etiology & Pathogenesis of glomerular diseases.
● Tubulointerstitial diseases.
● Obstructive uropathy & Urolithiasis Cystic diseases of the kidney.
● Neoplasms of kidney (1)
● Neoplasms of kidney (2)
● Congenital anomalies /Neoplastic Disorders of ureter & urinary bladder.
● Proteinuria / Nephrotic syndrome.
● **Renal function tests /Fluid & electrolyte disorders.
2. Male genital tract. LGIS Prof Brig(R) Nice to Know
Tariq Masood
Malik
Class Learning Outcomes:
● Congenital anomalies of Penis & Testis.
● Tumors of Testis.
● Inflammatory disorders of Prostate Hyperplasia & carcinoma Prostate/ PSA
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 3. Female genital tract. LGIS & Asstt. Prof. Dr. Nice to Know
Practical Fozia Noreen
Class Learning Outcomes:
● Female genital system pathology (vulva, vagina, cervix) Cervical tumors
and pap smear.
● Endometrium & Myometrium (Endometrial tumors & Hyperplasia)
● Fallopian tubes /Ovaries/Ovarian tumors.
● Gestational and Placental disorders.
● Infertility
4. Breast LGIS & Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
Practical Fozia Noreen
Class Learning Outcomes:
● Benign Epithelial lesions/ Stromal tumors.
● Breast carcinomas/ Stromal tumors.
● Biochemical markers: importance in diagnosis of breast cancers.
5. Bone /Joints/ Soft tissue. LGIS Prof Brig(R) Could Know
Tariq Masood
** Asstt Prof.
Dr. Lubna
Ehtizaz
Class Learning Outcomes:
● Bone structure/ Growth.
● Congenital & Acquired disorders of bone & cartilage.
● Defects in metabolic pathway of bone development.
● Bone Fractures, Osteonecrosis and Osteomyelitis.
● Bone Tumors & Tumors like lesions.
● Joints/ Osteoarthritis/ Rheumatoid Arthritis.
● Soft tissue, Tumors of Adipose tissue & Fibrous tissue.
● Smooth & Skeletal muscle tumors/ Tumors of uncertain origin
● **Uric Acid and Gout.
6. Skin. LGIS Asstt Prof. Dr. Should Know
syed. Sarwar
Ali
Class Learning Outcomes:
● Pathology of Skin (Disorders of pigmentation & Melanocytes, chronic
inflammatory dermatosis, Blistering diseases), Disorders of epidermal
appendages.

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 ● Benign epithelial tumors/ Tumors of Dermis/ Pre-malignant & Malignant
epidermal tumors/ Melanoma
7. Vascular Disorders of LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
Kidneys Fozia Noreen
Class Learning Outcomes:
● Define nephrosclerosis and describe the morphological findings.
● Differentiate between benign Nephrosclerosis and malignant hypertension,
clinically and morphologically.
● Identify hyperplastic arteriosclerosis.
● Enlist thrombotic microangiopathies and describe etiological factors and
clinical features.
8. Glomerular diseases. LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
Fozia Noreen
Learning Outcomes:
● Identify the basic difference between Nephrotic syndrome and Nephritic
syndrome.
● Enlist primary and secondary glomerular diseases separately.
● Enlist the pathogenetic mechanisms related to kidney disease and injury with
respect to glomerular diseases.
● Describe the clinical manifestations, light microscopy, immunofluorescence
and electron microscopy findings of major glomerular diseases.
9. Tubulointerstitial LGIS & Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
diseases Practical Fozia Noreen
Learning Outcomes:
● Enumerate the causes, clinical features, pathogenesis and morphological
findings of Acute pyelonephritis.
● Describe the main finding in Chronic Reflux associated pyelonephritis.
● Describe the pathogenesis, clinical features and Morphology in cases Of
Tubulointerstitial nephritis.
● Define acute tubular injury and necrosis and describe its pathogenesis, clinical
findings and morphological features.
● Identify histopathological findings of above condition on the given slides.
10. Cystic diseases of kidney LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
and obstructive uropathy Fozia Noreen
Learning Outcomes:
● Enlist the cystic diseases of the kidney.
● Describe the pathogenesis, morphological findings and genetic changes in
Autosomal Dominant and Autosomal recessive kidney disease.

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 ● Enlist medullary disease with cysts and identify gene Loci in Nephronophthisis-
medullary cystic disease complex.
● Identify the causes of renal stone formation.
● Define hydronephrosis, enlist its most common causes and describe
morphology and clinical features.
11. Neoplasms of Kidney. LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
Fozia Noreen
Learning Outcomes:
● Enlist different benign and Malignant renal neoplasms.
● Describe the general clinical Manifestations and Gross morphological findings
of renal neoplasms.
● Know the specifics about Angiomyolipoma, Oncocytoma, Clear cell renal cell
carcinoma, Papillary renal cell carcinoma and Chromophobe renal cell
carcinoma in terms of morphology.
● Describe the morphological findings in Wilms tumor and know the age
group affected.
12. Renal function tests and LGIS Asstt Prof. Dr. Should Know
Fluid and electrolyte Lubna Ehtizaz
disorders.
Learning Outcomes:
● Enlist commonly requested renal Function tests.
● Identify the causes related to deranged Renal function tests and their
interpretation.
13. Neoplastic and non- LGIS Asstt. Should Know
Neoplastic disorders of Prof. Dr. Fozia
Urinary bladder. Noreen
Learning Outcomes:
● Enlist non-neoplastic conditions affecting The Urinary bladder.
● Describe the pathogenesis of Neoplasms of Urinary bladder.
● Describe the morphological Findings of different Urinary bladder
neoplasms.
14. Female genital System LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
(Vulva, Vagina and Fozia Noreen
Cervix).
Learning Outcomes:
● Enlist the common non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of Vulva and describe
the histological differences.
● Describe the morphological Findings of Condylomas and Extramammary
Paget’s disease of Vulva.
● Identify the causes of vaginitis.
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 ● Describe the etiology/ Pathogenesis of Cervical neoplasia.
● Classify the precursor lesions of Cervical Squamous cell carcinoma.
● Describe the gross and microscopic findings of Invasive carcinomas of
cervix.
15. Female Genital system LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
(Endometrium, and Fozia Noreen
myometrium).
Learning Outcomes:
● Define endometritis, adenomyosis and endometriosis.
● Enlist the theories related to proposed Origins of Endometriosis and describe
the clinical and morphological findings.
● Enlist the causes of abnormal uterine Bleeding by age group.
● Classify Endometrial hyperplasia and Describe the morphological findings.
● Describe the clinical features, Pathogenesis and Clinical findings of
Endometrial carcinomas.
● Identify findings related to Endometrial polyps.
● Describe the clinical manifestations and Morphological findings of
Leiomyomas.
16. Female Genital system LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
(Fallopian tube and Fozia Noreen
Ovary).
Learning Outcomes:
● Enlist the common causes of Salpingitis and Pelvic Inflammatory disease.
● Classify ovarian tumors according to Their sites of origin/WHO classification
and tabulate the differences between type I and type II tumors.
● Describe the gross and histological findings of Surface Epithelial tumors,
Germ cell tumors and Sex-cord stromal tumors.
17. Gestational and Placental LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
disorders. Fozia Noreen
Learning Outcomes:
● Define ectopic pregnancy and enlist the common sites of development.
● Enumerate the differences between Complete mole and Partial mole with
particular focus on karyotype, morphology, serum hcG levels and subsequent
carcinoma risk.
● Define invasive mole.
● Enlist common non- molar malignancies and describe common morphological
findings.
● Define Preeclampsia/ Eclampsia and Describe clinical findings.

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 18. Breast (Benign and LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
Malignant Epithelial Fozia Noreen
Lesions).
Learning Outcomes:
● Enlist benign epithelial lesions and Understand their significance with respect to
risk of subsequent carcinoma.
● Describe the morphology of proliferative lesions without and with atypia.
● Describe the clinical and mammographic features & Enlist the Risk factors
associated with development of invasive carcinoma.
● Describe the morphology of in- Situ lesions, their types and enumerate
differences between Ductal carcinoma in- situ and Lobular carcinoma in-situ.
● Describe the morphological findings of Invasive Ductal and Invasive Lobular
carcinomas.
● Enlist the biological types of Invasive Carcinomas and tabulate differences
amongst them.
● Enlist the factors that influence the outcome of invasive cancers with detailed
focus on Biologic type and Tumor stage.
● Enlist the targeted therapies available for treatment of breast cancer.
19. Breast (Stromal neoplasms). LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
Fozia Noreen
Learning Outcomes:
● Enlist benign and malignant stromal Neoplasms of breast.
● Describe the clinical features and morphological findings of Fibroadenoma.
● Describe the morphological Findings of Phyllodes tumor.
20. Breast (Biochemical LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
markers of importance). Fozia Noreen

Learning Outcomes:
● Explain the importance of Detection of Estrogen receptor, Progesterone receptor,
Her 2 Neu and Proliferative index on invasive cancer specimens.
21. Musculo- skeletal system: LGIS Prof Brig Should Know
(R)Tariq
Masood
Malik
Learning Outcomes:
● Identify the normal bone histology. Differentiate Between woven and lamellar
bone.
● Enumerate the factors controlling bone development and differentiate between
endochondral and intramembranous ossification.
● Define and describe bone remodeling.
23
● Define dysostosis and dysplasia.
● Define and describe osteogenesis imperfecta.
● What is osteopenia? Describe the pathogenesis and morphology of osteoporosis.
● Describe the pathogenesis and morphology of Paget's disease.
● Enumerate the types of bone fractures. Describe osteonecrosis.
● Describe the etiological factors, pathogenesis and morphology of acute and
chronic osteomyelitis.
● Classify bone tumors. Describe the pathogenesis, morphology and clinical
features of osteosarcoma
● Describe the clinical and morphological features of osteochondroma.
● Describe the pathogenesis and morphological features of chondrosarcoma.
● Describe the clinical and morphological Features of Ewing's sarcoma and Giant
cell tumor.
● Define and describe aneurysmal bone Cyst and fibrous dysplasia.
● Describe the etiology, Pathogenesis and morphology of osteoarthritis.
● Describe the etiology, pathogenesis and morphology of Rheumatoid arthritis.
● Define and describe suppurative arthritis.
● Classify soft tissue tumors. Describe morphological features of lipoma and
liposarcoma.
● Describe clinical and morphological features of leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma.
Describe the morphological features of rhabdomyosarcoma.
● Enumerate tumors of uncertain origin. Describe morphological features of
synovial sarcoma.
● Describe the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features and morphology of gout.
● Enumerate tumors of uncertain origin. Describe morphological features of
synovial sarcoma.
● Describe the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features and morphology of gout
22. Skin LGIS Asset Prof Should Know
Dr Syed
Sarwer Ali
Learning Outcomes:
● Explain the disorders of pigmentation Along with chronic inflammatory
dermatosis, various blistering diseases and disorders of epidermal appendages.
● Describe the various benign, premalignant and malignant, Epidermal and dermal
tumors including melanoma.

24
 References:
● Robbins Basic Pathology,10th ed. & Robbins and Cotran
th
● Pathologic Basis of Disease,9 Edition.
Practical
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of second block, the students of 4th year MBBS should be able to:
Establish diagnosis of given topics of Kidney and collecting system, Female Genital
system and Breast by correlating findings in given slides with gross morphology.

S. Special Pathology Learning Educational Name of Importance

No Objectives Strategies Instructor (Must Know
Should Know
Could Know)
1 Demonstra ALL Should
● Elucidate microscopic
tion / Lecturers Know
features of Chronic
Practical
Pyelonephritis and convey the
information to
patients/attendants in simple
words.
● Counsel the patient for dietary
modification in prevention of
stone formation & chart out
the prevention of renal stones
2 Demonstra Should
● Interpret and explain reports
tion / Know
to patient/attendant based on
Practical
the markedly deranged Renal
function tests.
3 Demonstratio Should
● Explicate the histological
n / Practical Know
features Of Wilms tumor with
particular focus on the
triphasic pattern.
4 Demonstratio Should
● Elucidate the histological
n /Practical Know
findings of clear cell renal
cell carcinoma. Counsel the
patient for Radical
Nephrectomy. (PM)
5 Demonstratio Should
● Elucidate the histological
n/ Know
features of Transitional cell
Practical
carcinoma bladder.
6 Demonstratio Should
● Elucidate the histological
n /Practical Know
findings of Leiomyoma uterus
25
 and explain the information to
patients/attendants in simple
words.
7 Demonstratio Should
● Elucidate the histological
n /Practical Know
findings of Serous and
mucinous Cystadenomas of
ovary.
8 Demonstratio Should
● Elucidate the histological
n /Practical Know
findings Of Endometrial and
cervical carcinomas.
9 Demonstratio Should
● Elucidate the histological
n /Practical Know
findings of Mature cystic
teratoma, other malignant
Ovarian tumors and
Endometriosis.
10 Demonstratio Should
● Elucidate the histological
n /Practical Know
findings of Fibroadenoma of
Breast.
11 Demonstratio Should
● Elucidate the histological
n /Practical Know
findings of Invasive Ductal
Carcinoma of breast. Explain
the significance of ER, PR &
HER 2 in Breast neoplasms
for detecting cancer.
12 Demonstratio Should
● Elucidate the histological
n /Practical Know
findings of Fibrocystic
changes in breast.
1. References: Robbins Atlas of Pathology 3rd edition & Robbins Basic Pathology 10th
edition.
Learning Resources:

1. Reference Books
i. Robbins Basic Pathology, 10th edition
ii. Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 9th Edition
Assessment formats

Assessment tools (Formative) Assessment Strategies (Summative)

MCQs, Home assignments, SAQs MCQs, SEQs, OSPE, Viva

26
 ENT
Learning Outcomes:

● Diagnose & manage common diseases of the, nose & paranasal sinuses(PLO1,3,6,7,8)
● Correlate the clinical features with the underlying pathology involved mechanisms;
(PLO1,3,6,7,8)
● Correlate the clinical features with the pathophysiological process and use it to order
appropriate investigations and reach correct diagnosis. (SLO1, 3, 5, 6).
● Devise a management plan for common nose & paranasal sinuses diseases. (SLO1, 3,
5, 6).
● Discuss recent advances pertaining to surgery in nose & paranasal diseases (PLO 6, 8).
S. No Topic Educational Name of Importance
Strategies instructor (Must Know
Should Know
Could Know )
1. Congenital conditions of nose LGIS Prof M. Should
Asad know
Chughtai
Learning Outcomes:
● Discuss the importance of congenital conditions of the nose.
● Diagnose common congenital malformations of the nose and their managements.
2. Diseases of external nose LGIS Prof M. Should
Asad know
Chughtai
Learning Outcomes:
● Recognize various external deformities like saddle, hump and crooked nose and
their managements
● Describe furunculosis, vestibulitis, cellulitis, neoplasm’s, cavernous sinus
thrombosis and their management.
3. Facial trauma LGIS Prof M. Should
Asad know
Chughtai
Learning Outcomes:
● Explain the aetiology of facial trauma, classification and management principles in
facial trauma.
● Explain the role of imaging in facial trauma and its significance.
4. Inflammatory conditions of the LGIS SR Dr Should
nose. Anum Ajmal know
Learning Outcomes:
● Define rhinitis

27
 ● Recall its Classification,
● Make differential diagnosis of inflammatory conditions,
● Order appropriate investigations & interpret the results.
● Make a management plan.
5. LGIS SR Dr Should
● Diseases of nasal septum
Anum Ajmal know
and nasal cavities
Learning Outcomes:
● Identify various septal diseases
● Anticipate complications of nasal septal surgery; prevention and their management.
● Discuss foreign bodies, rhinolith and maggots along with their management.
6. Epistaxis LGIS Prof M. Should
Asad know
Chughtai
Learning Outcomes:
● Explain nasal vascularity.
● Enlist various causes of epistaxis.
● Classify epistaxis
● Correlate presentation with sites of bleeding a,
● Suggest emergency and definitive management based on the underlying pathology.
7. Nasal Allergy LGIS SR Dr Should
Anum Ajmal know
Learning Outcomes:
● Define nasal allergy;
● Explain pathophysiology of various types of allergies
● Identify nasal allergy based on clinical presentation.
● Make a list of differential diagnosis (D.D).
● Order appropriate investigation and make a management plan.
8. Vasomotor Rhinitis & nasal LGIS Prof M.Asad Should
polypi. Chughtai know
Learning Outcomes:
● Discuss nasal functions and effects of autonomic imbalance in nasal physiology.
● Identify presentation of a patient in vasomotor rhinitis and nasal polypi.
● Generate Differential diagnosis.
● Perform clinical examination
● Outline management plan
● Counsel the patient of vasomotor rhinitis & nasal polyp.
28
 9. Sinusitis LGIS Prof M.Asad Should
Chughtai know
Learning Outcomes:
● Recall paranasal sinus anatomy and function.
● Classify sinusitis.
● Explain pathophysiology of sinus infection.
● Explain clinical features, detailed investigations and management.
● Anticipate complications, perform timely investigations (CT and MRI), Decide
conservative and surgical management plans
● Identify fungal sinusitis, discuss its significance, anticipate complications
associated with it and chalk out an early management plan.
10. Neoplasm of nose and paranasal LGIS Prof M. Should
sinuses. Asad know
Chughtai
Learning Outcomes:
● Diagnose a case of neoplasm of the nose and PNS.
● Describe types, clinical features /presentation and managements of different
neoplasm’s of nose & PNS
Learning Resources:
Text books:
Reference Books
a. Ballenger’s Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery 17th edition.
b. Scott Brown’s Otorhinolaryngology 8th edition.
Reference Books:
1. Diseases of Ear, Nose, and Throat Head and Neck Surgery by PL Dhingra. Shruti
Dhingra 8th Edition.
2. Logan Turner’s Diseases of the Nose Throat and Ear Head and Neck Surgery by
S. Musheer Hussain 11th Edition.
3. Essentials of ENT Examination by JT Shah
Assessment formats:
Assessment tools (Formative) Assessment Strategies (Summative)

MCQs, Home assignments, SAQs MCQs, SEQs, OSPE, Viva

Teaching Faculty:
Name Email address
Prof Dr. Lt. Col (R) M Asad Chughtai [email protected]
Dr. Aeimen Fatima [email protected]
Dr. Anum Ajmal [email protected]
Dr. Huma Sharif [email protected]

29
 Ophthalmology
Subject Learning Outcomes
The department of ophthalmology aims to equip medical students with essential
knowledge, skills and attitude which will enable them to:
1. Provide primary eye care for various ophthalmic diseases including emergencies and if
required, refer the patients to appropriate centers (PLO 1,6)
2. Perform various ophthalmic examination methods essential for all Practitioners
(PLO 1,2,6)
3. Communicate effectively with the patient, family and community regarding eye
diseases and their related issues (PLO
1,2,6)
4. Perform essential minor surgical procedures (PLO1,2)
5. Apply principles of medical ethics pertaining to Ophthalmology (PLO 3)
6. Provide awareness regarding prevention of common public ophthalmic health problems
(PLO 5)
Block Learning Outcomes
After completion of Ophthalmology course content for 2nd block, the students would be able
to:

● Identify different corneal diseases and summarize principles of corneal

disease management. (SLO: 1,2,5,6)
● Classify and explain indications for different types of keratoplasty.
(SLO: 1,2,5,6)
● Diagnose conditions like Pterygium, Pinguecula, Conjunctivitis, episcleritis and
scleritis and their systemic associations when present. (SLO: 1,3,5,6 )
● Recognize and manage inflammation of the Uveal tract. (SLO: 1,2,3,5,6)
● Identify cataract and lens related pathologies. (SLO: 1,2,5,6)
● Justify different treatment options for cataract. (SLO: 1,2,3,5,6)
● Diagnose Dry eyes and diseases of Nasolacrimal System based upon their clinical
assessment and make a referral to an ophthalmologist. (SLO 1,2,3,6)

Sr# Topic Educational Names of Instructor Importance

Strategies (Must Know
Should Know
Could Know)
1. Corneal diseases I LGIS Dr. Marrium Shafi Must know
Learning Outcomes:
● Co-relate the anatomical and physiological aspects of cornea with its different
clinical presentations.

30
 ● Differentiate between various corneal ulcers based upon its etiology.
● Rationalize different treatment strategies and visual rehabilitation options in
patients of corneal ulcers.
2. Corneal Diseases II LGIS Dr. Marrium Shafi Should know
Learning Outcomes:
● Diagnose keratoconus based upon their clinical features.
● Outline management plan for keratoconus.
● Classify keratoplasty.
● Rationalize the indications of different types of keratoplasty.
3. Conjunctiva I Flipped class Dr. Asma Aftab Must Know
room
Learning outcomes:
● Correlate the anatomical and pathophysiological aspects with clinical
presentation of conjunctival diseases.
● Classify conjunctival diseases.
● Differentiate between bacterial, viral, allergic and chlamydial conjunctivitis
and enumerate their treatment options.
4. Conjunctival diseases Flipped class Dr. Asma Aftab Must Know
Episclera & Sclera room
Learning outcomes:
● Recognize the conditions like Pterygium, Pinguecula, Ophthalmia neonatorum
and suggest their management.
● Differentiate between the clinical features of Episcleritis and Scleritis.
● Outline management plan for Episcleritis and Scleritis.
● Recognize their systemic associations.
5. Uveal Tract LGIS Maj.Dr. Haroon Should Know
Sarfaraz
Learning Outcomes:
● Explain the anatomy of the uveal tract.
● Describe basic physiological aspects.
● Name the congenital defects of uveal tract
6. Uveitis LGIS Maj.Dr. Haroon Could Know
Sarfaraz
Learning Outcomes:
● Classify uveitis.
● Identify clinical features of uveitis.
● Order appropriate investigations and treat a case of uveitis.

31
 ● Recognize certain special types of uveitis e.g. Fuch’s uveitis, sympathetic
ophthalmia
7. Introduction to lens LGIS Dr. Yaseen Lodhi Must Know
and Ectopia lentis
Learning Outcomes:
● Explain basic anatomy and physiology of lenses.
● Identify ectopia lentis and its associations.
8. Lens II LGIS Dr. Yaseen Lodhi Must know
Learning Outcomes:
● Recognize different clinical presentations of cataract.
● Explain different examination techniques to detect cataract.
9. Lens III LGIS Dr. Yaseen Lodhi Must Know
Learning Outcomes:
● Justify different treatment options of cataract.
● Anticipate major complications of cataract surgery.
10. Nasolacrimal system & LGIS Maj. Dr. Haroon Must Know
Dry Eye Sarfraz
Learning outcomes:
● Explain the anatomy and pathophysiological aspects of nasolacrimal system.
● Recognize clinical presentations of different lacrimal disorders.
● Outline management strategies for nasolacrimal disorders.
● Classify dry eye according to pathogenesis.
● Outline management plan for dry eyes.
Learning Resources:

1. Text books:
⮚ Clinical Ophthalmology, Jatoi S M

⮚ Basic Ophthalmology, Jogi R

2. Reference Books:
⮚ General Ophthalmology, Vaughan and Asbury

⮚ Kanski’s Clinical Ophthalmology A Systematic approach, Bowling

3. Online resources:
⮚ https://www.medscape.com/ophthalmology
⮚ Ophthalmology Google classroom 2023
4. Library resources:

32
 ⮚ Basic Ophthalmology, Jogi R

⮚ General Ophthalmology, Vaughan and Asbury

⮚ Clinical Ophthalmology, Jatoi S M

⮚ Parson’s Diseases of the eye, Sihota R

⮚ Kanski’s Clinical Ophthalmology A Systematic approach, Bowling

Teaching faculty:

Name Email address

Prof. M. Akmal Khan [email protected]

Dr. Yaseen Lodhi [email protected]
Dr. Asma Aftab [email protected]
Dr. Marrium Shafi [email protected]
Dr. Maj. Haroon Sarfraz [email protected]
Assessment formats:

Assessment Strategies (Formative) Assessment Strategies (Summative)

MCQ’s, Quiz, Class discussion, Quiz MCQ’s , SAQ’s , Viva

using Google forms

33
 Medicine
Block Learning Outcomes:

By the end of this block students should know:

● Identify Clinical features, Correlate pathophysiology, Diagnose, investigate and

plan management of common Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology and
Psychiatry disorders (SLO1,3, 5,6).
● Recognize complications & advise preventive measures and discuss prognosis of
these disorders (SLO1, 2,4, 5).
● Diagnose, investigate and plan management of critically ill patients in A&E
department (SLO 1, 3, 4, 5).

S.# Topic Educational Instructor Importance

Strategies (Must Know
Should Know
Could Know)
Nephrology
1. Acute Kidney Injury LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur MUST KNOW
and its management Rehman
Learning Outcomes:
● Diagnose the patient on the basis of history and examination
● Determine the cause of AKI
● List common nephrotoxic medications
● Differentiate between prerenal and renal causes of AKI
● Advise relevant investigations
● Devise management plan
● Propose preventive measures
● Treat complications of AKI
2. UTI and Pyelonephritis LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur MUST KNOW
Rehman
Learning Outcomes:
● Diagnose the patient on the basis of history and examination
● Differentiate lower urinary tract infection from Pyelonephritis
● List causes of Sterile pyuria
● Advise relevant investigations
● Devise management plan
● Choose appropriate antibiotic and duration of its use
34
 ● Propose preventive measures for UTI
3. Cystic Diseases of the LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur Should Know
Kidney Rehman
Learning Outcomes:
● Diagnose the patient on the basis of history and examination
● List different cystic diseases of the kidney
● Diagnose Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
● Manage complications of ADPKD
● Advise relevant investigations
● Devise management plan
● Counsel the patient
● Advise family screening if needed
4. Fluid and Electrolyte LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur Should Know
balance: Potassium Rehman
Disorders
Learning Outcomes:
● Approach to patient with hypokalemia and hyperkalemia
● Determine the cause on the basis of integrated clinical findings
● List common drugs causing potassium disturbances
● Advise relevant investigations
● Devise management plan
5. Tubulointerstitial LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur SHOULD
Diseases Rehman KNOW
Learning Outcomes:
● Diagnose the patient on the basis of history and examination
● Differentiate tubular disorders from glomerular disorders
● Determine the cause
● List nephrotoxic medications
● Advise relevant investigations
● Devise management plan
6. Nephrotic Syndrome – LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur MUST KNOW
Clinical Presentation, Rehman
Differential Diagnosis and
Management
Learning Outcomes:
● Diagnose the patient on the basis of history and examination

35
 ● Differentiate nephrotic from nephritic syndrome
● Determine the cause of nephrotic syndrome
● Advise relevant investigations
● Devise management plan
7. Metabolic Acidosis: Renal LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur MUST KNOW
Tubular Acidosis. Rehman
Learning Outcomes:
● Appropriately approach to a patient with metabolic acidosis
● Differentiate between high anion gap and normal anion gap metabolic acidosis
● Identify different types of renal tubular acidosis
● List causes of renal tubular acidosis
● Advise relevant investigations
● Devise management plan
8. Nephritic Syndrome - LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur MUST KNOW
Clinical Presentation, Rehman
Differential Diagnosis and
Management)
Learning Outcomes:
● Diagnose the patient on the basis of history and examination
● Differentiate nephrotic from nephritic syndrome
● Determine the cause of Nephritic syndrome
● Advise relevant investigations
● Devise management plan
9. Chronic Kidney Disease LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur Must Know
and Management Rehman
Learning Outcomes:
● Diagnose the patient on the basis of history and examination
● Determine the cause of CKD
● Learn staging of CKD
● List common nephrotoxic medications
● Advise relevant investigations
● Devise management plan
● Propose preventive measures
● Treat complications of CKD
● Counsel the patient with renal failure

36
 10. Renal replacement LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur Should Know
therapy: Dialysis and Renal Rehman
Transplant
Learning Outcomes:
● List indications for dialysis and transplant
● Differentiate between different types of dialysis
● Enumerate steps of dialysis and its preparation
● Manage common complications during dialysis
● Enumerate pre-requisites of renal transplant
11. Calcium Metabolism and LGIS Dr. Khalil Ur Should Know
Parathyroid related Rehman
problems
Learning Outcomes:
● Diagnose the patient on the basis of history and examination
● Determine the cause
● Advise relevant investigations
● Devise management plan
Endocrinology
12. Cushing's Syndrome and LGIS Prof. Sohail Should Know
Addison's Disease Iqbal Bhutta
Learning Outcomes:
● Justify abnormalities in the hormones produced by the adrenal glands and their
functions resulting in Cushing Syndrome / Addison’s Disease
● Propose management of Cushing Syndrome after establishing clinical diagnosis.
13. Hypothyroidism and LGIS Dr. Rifat Should Know
Endemic Goiter Yasmin
Learning Outcomes:
● Correlate pathophysiological basis of various etiological factors to clinical
manifestations of hypothyroidism. Parathyroid disorders.
• Classify hypothyroidism.
• Interpret investigations for diagnosis including thyroid function tests.
● Outline management including drug therapy and regular follow up
14. Hyperthyroidism LGIS Dr. Rifat Should Know
Yasmin
Learning Outcomes:
● Correlate pathophysiological basis of various etiological factors to clinical
manifestations of hyperthyroidism
● Devise plan for diagnosis, drug therapy, radioactive iodine and surgical management
of hyperthyroidism

37
 15. Introduction to Diabetes LGIS Prof. Muzamil Should Know
Jamil
Learning Outcomes:
● Differentiate between type 1 and type 2 diabetes on the basis of pathophysiology,
etiology,
• Prevalence and incidence, risk factors, manifestations and complications.
• Identify abnormalities in investigations for blood sugar levels including
HbA1c.
• Propose diagnostic tests used for screening diagnosis and monitoring of
diabetes mellitus.
Rheumatology
16. Rheumatoid Arthritis LGIS Dr. Asim Ali Should Know
Shah
Learning Outcomes:
● Discuss etiology, Symptoms and signs of the disease
● Diagnose the patient on the basis of presenting complaints and clinical examination
● Interpret relevant Investigations and laboratory findings.
● Recognize complications and their management options
17. Osteoarthritis LGIS Dr. Asim Ali Should Know
Shah
Learning Outcomes:
• Diagnose the patient on the basis of presenting complaints and clinical examination
● Determine causes of osteoarthritis Established through Investigations and laboratory
findings.
● Manage complications of the disease
18. Osteomalacia , Rickets & LGIS Dr. Asim Ali Should Know
Osteoporosis Shah
Learning Outcomes:
• Correlate Pathophysiological basis of various etiological factors to clinical
manifestations of Osteomalacia , Rickets & Osteoporosis disorder.
• Devise plan for diagnosis and clinical management of each of the above disorders.
19. SLE LGIS Dr. Asim Ali Should Know
Shah
Learning Outcomes:
• Define diagnostic criteria SLE
• Suggest therapeutic options and investigations after establishing diagnosis based on
etiology, clinical
• Presentation And investigations & Manage complications.
20. Scleroderma & MCTD LGIS Dr. Asim Ali Should Know
Shah
Learning Outcomes:
• Suggest therapeutic options and investigations after establishing diagnosis based on
etiology, clinical Presentation and investigations
38
 Psychiatry
21. Stress Disorders LGIS Dr. Faheem Must Know
Qasim
Learning Outcomes:
• Classify Stress Disorders
• Discuss the Management of Stress Disorders
22. Substance use Disorders LGIS Dr. Fatima Must Know
Amir
Learning Outcomes:
• Elaborate the different groups of drugs of abuse and misuse
• Suggest the laboratory investigations needed for Management
• Evaluate the prognosis of substance abuse.
23. Schizophrenia LGIS Dr. Faheem Should Know
Qasim
Learning Outcomes:
• Diagnose Schizophrenia based on signs and symptoms.
• Devise a plan for treatment of disease, side effects of the treatment and its
withdrawal.
• Assess prognosis of the disease.
24. Suicide & Deliberate Self LGIS Dr. Fatima Must Know
Harm Amir
Learning Outcomes:
• Diagnose mood Disorder on the basis of etiology .
• Identify Suicide & Deliberate Self Harm
• Discuss its Management and prognosis
Dermatology
25. Seborrhoeic and Contact LGIS Brig(R). Must Know
dermatitis Naveed
Akhtar Malik
Learning Outcomes:
• Classify Dermatitis
• Apply diagnostic criteria to clinical assessment of Seborrhoeic and Contact
Dermatitis
• Develop management plan of Seborrhoeic and Contact Dermatitis
26. Atopic Dermatitis LGIS Brig(R). Must Know
Naveed
Akhtar Malik
Learning Outcomes:
• Classify Dermatitis
• Apply diagnostic criteria to clinical assessment of Atopic Dermatitis
• Develop management plan of Atopic Dermatitis
27. Bullous Disorders LGIS Brig(R). Must Know
Naveed
Akhtar Malik
Learning Outcomes:
• Classify Bullous Disorders
39
 • Apply diagnostic criteria to clinical assessment of Bullous Disorders
• Develop management plan of Bullous Disorders
28. Sexually Transmitted LGIS Brig(R). Should Know
diseases Naveed
Akhtar Malik
Learning Outcomes:
• Make clinical diagnosis by assessing symptoms.
• list necessary investigations
• Discuss management of the condition.
Emergency Medicine
29. Electrocution LGIS Dr. Turab F. MUST KNOW
Abidi
Learning Outcomes:
• Correlate pathophysiological basis of various etiological factors clinical
manifestations of Electrocution
• Devise plan for diagnosis & management of Electrocution
30. Drowning LGIS Dr. Turab F. MUST KNOW
Abidi
Learning Outcomes:
• Correlate pathophysiological basis of various etiological factors clinical
manifestations of Drowning
• Devise plan for diagnosis & management of Drowning
31. General approach to a LGIS Dr. Turab F. MUST KNOW
patient with poisoning Abidi
Learning Outcomes:
• Devise plan for diagnosis & management of poisoning
• Diagnose paracetamol poisoning on the basis of clinical presentation
• Apply the concepts of mode of reversal to the dosage and route of reversal
medication
• Enumerate the complication
32. Envenomation – Snake Bite LGIS Dr. Turab F. SHOULD
Abidi KNOW
Learning Outcomes:
• Classify Snake bite, based on clinical features.
• List the immediate management and long term management
• Discuss the antivenom type and dosing and the criteria of administering antivenom
• Enumerate the various complications
Learning Resources:

1. Reference books:
a. Davidson’s Principles & Practice of Medicine 23th EditionElsevier
b. Current Medical diagnosis & treatment ( Latest Edition 2022)
2. Online resources
a. www.medscape.com
3. Library resources
a. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine 20th Edition
40
 (2018).McGraw Hill Education
Teaching faculty

Name Email
address
Prof. Muzamil Jamil [email protected]
Dr. Rifat Yasmin [email protected]
Dr. Sohail Bhutta [email protected]
Dr. Syed Asim Ali Shah [email protected]
Dr. Syeda Turab Fatima [email protected]
Dr. Muhammad Fahim Qasim [email protected]
Brig(R). Naveed Akhtar Malik
Assessment formats:

Assessment Strategies (Formative) Assessment Strategies

(Summative)
In class discussions Practical Clinical Exam
SGD (Short & Long Cases)
MCQs at the end of block

41
 Surgery
Learning Outcomes:

At the end of this block students will be able to.

● Describe the common surgery related cardiovascular diseases and their presentations
and outline the basics of their management. (SLO 1,2,3,4)
● Describe the common gastrointestinal pathologies and rationalize appropriate
management plans. (SLO 1,3,4)
● Diagnose the common and outline the management upper/ lower limb fractures (SLO
2,3,4,5)
● Describe principles and types of anesthesia.

(Detail of skill related outcomes can be found in surgery Logbooks))

S# Topic Educational Names of Importance

Strategies Instructor (Must Know
Should Know
Could Know)
General Surgery
1. Breast LGIS Prof. Dr. Naeem Must Know
Ashraf
Learning outcomes:
● Classify Benign Breast Disease
● Diagnose Benign breast disease based on history and clinical presentation
● Enumerate the Diagnostic investigations of Benign Breast Diseases
● Design management plan for Benign Breast Disease and its complication
● Suggest management plan for Ca breast and its complications applying basic
concepts of anatomy and lymphatic drainage of the area.
● Diagnose Ca Breast based on signs and symptoms and investigations
2. Skin / subcutaneous tissue LGIS Assoc. Prof. Dr. Must Know
Naeem Akhtar
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the principle of Skin and Subcutaneous swelling and it management.
3. Burn LGIS Asstt. Prof. Dr. Should Know
Munawer Latif
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the principle of Burn and its management
4. Surgery anastmosis/ sutures LGIS Prof. Brig Dr. Should Know
Muhammad
Parvez
42
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the surgery anastomosis and suturing technique.
5. Principles of Oncology surgery LGIS Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nice to Know
risk factors Muhammad
Azhr
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the principles of oncology surgery and its risk factors, investigation and its
management.
6. Radiotherapy/ Chemotherapy LGIS Prof. Dr. Naeem Nice to Know
Ashraf
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the radiotherapy and chemothetapy.
7. Hernia LGIS Prof. Brig(R) Should Know
Dr. Mannan
Masud
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the type of inguinal scrotal hernia and its management.
Orthopedics
8. Spine fracture and dislocations LGIS Dr. Muhamamd Nice to Know
Ikram
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the spine fracture and dislocations and its management.
9. Paralytic disorders ( Polio, LGIS Dr. Muhammad Nice to Know
Cevebral, Palsy, Spina bifida) Ikram
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the type paralytic disorders (Cevebral, Polio, Palsy , Pina bifida) and its
management.
10. Tumours of Musculoskeletal LGIS Dr. Muhamamd Nice to Know
System Ikram
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the tumours of musculoskeletal system and its management.
11. Arthritis, Arthrodesis, LGIS Dr. Sajid Ejaz Should Know
Arthoplasty Rao
Learning outcomes:
● Describe Arthiritis, arthodesis, and arthoplasty
12. Acute +Chronic Infection of Dr. Sajid Ejaz Should Know
bones and joints Rao
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the Acute/Chronic infection of bones and joints and its management.
Urology
13. Introduction to urology, LGIS Dr. Abdullah Should Know
symptoms , investigations
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 14. Acute+ Chronic infections of
urinary tract
15. Kidneys + Ureters
16. Urinary bladder
17. Incontinance, Urinary diversion
& Urodynamics
18. Prostate + seminal vesicles
Learning outcomes:
● Identify basis for diagnosing hematuria.
● Recognize those pigments that may discolor the urine, mimicking hematuria.
● Give a differential diagnosis for hematuria originating in the different anatomical
parts of the urinary tract.
● justify the significance of the information gathered from the palpation of the
prostate rectally.
● List the radiological investigations available for the assessment of the urinary tract
● Manage the patient with visible and non-visible hematuria.
● Differentiate between obstruction at different levels of the urinary tract based on
history, Clinical features and diagnostic modalities
● Discuss the presenting features, signs and symptoms of urological emergencies
● Generate a prioritized differential of the most important and likely causes of a
patient’s emergency
● Study the classification of urological emergencies based on etiology
● Discuss the appropriate investigations leading to a definite diagnosis
● Devise a management plan according to clinical presentation
● Review the epidemiology and causes
● List the risk factors for carcinoma of
19. Urethra & penis LGIS Dr. Abdullah Should Know
20. Testes + Scrotum
21. Urolithiasis
22. Urogenital system trauma
Learning outcomes:

● Outline the initial diagnostic workup for patients suspected of having carcinoma of
urinary system
● Discuss the grading and staging of carcinoma of urinary tract
● Plan the general management and pre-operative workup of patient
● Suggest the potential options for treatment of carcinoma of urinary tract

44
 ● Implement effective treatment options for advanced and metastatic basal cell
carcinoma (BCC) based on efficacy data and current guidelines.
Anesthesia
23. Pre anaesthesia assessment LGIS Prof. Brig (R) Should Know
Dr. Imran Ul
Haq
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the pre anaesthesia and its management.
24. Regional anaestheisa/ nerve LGIS Prof. Brig (R) Nice to Know
block Dr. Imran Ul
Haq
Learning outcomes:
● Describe the regional anaesthesia/ nerve block and its management.
Radiology
25. Imaging of GIT LGIS Dr. Nadia Gull Should Know
26. Imaging of Musculoskeletal
27. Imaging of Urinary system
Learning outcomes:
● Differentiate between different types of chest injuries based on mechanism of
pathophysiology findings, and management.
● Demonstrate knowledge, clinical and technical skills and decision-making
capabilities with respect to diagnostic imaging pertinent to the practice of General
Surgery
● State the basic principles of radiation protection and law in relation to use of
ionizing radiation
● Justify use of relevant imaging techniques invarious clinical scenarios reference to
advantages and disadvantages.

1. Principles of Management of urology diseases.

2. Principles of Management of Surgical Disease & Breast Pathologies
3. Principles of Management of orthopeadics Trauma and Pathologies
4. Principles & type of Aneasthesia
Learning Resources:

1. Reference Books
● Bailey & Loves, Norman brows, clinical method , Essential Orthopaedics (including
Clinical method & Anesthesia for medical students
2. Online Resources
● Zoom
Teaching Faculty:
45
Name Email Address
Prof. Brig (R). Dr. Muhammad Parvez [email protected]
Prof. Dr. M. Naeem Ashraf [email protected]
Prof. Brig(R). Dr. Mannan Masud [email protected]
Assoc. Prof.Dr. Naeem Akhtar [email protected]
Assoc. Prof. Dr. M. Azhar [email protected]
Asstt .prof. Brig Dr. M. Ali [email protected]
Asstt. Prof. Dr .Munawer Latif [email protected]
Prof. Dr .Sajid Ejaz Rao [email protected]
Asstt . Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ikram [email protected]
Asstt. Prof. Dr. Abdullah [email protected]
Prof. Brig Imran ul Haq [email protected]

46
 Gynecology
1. Manage common obstetrics & gynaecological illnesses of women with evidence-based
care.
2. Assist in management of gynaecological cases as a member of health care team.
Block Learning Outcomes:

1. Identify the clinical presentation, diagnosis and plan management of women with
medical complications of pregnancy (chronic renal disease, autoimmune diseases SLE,
APS, Epilepsy) and recognize limitations and escalate care to senior colleagues and
other specialties when appropriate.
2. Make a management plan for patients with benign and malignant diseases of the
uterus, cervix and ovary based on findings of history, examination & investigations.
3. Differentiate between different types and formulate a management plan for patients
with urinary incontinence.
S.# Topic Educational Name of Importance
Strategies Instructor (Must Know
Should Know
Could Know)
1. Urogynecology: Urinary LGIS Dr. Noreen Should
incontinence Majeed Know
Learning Outcomes:
● Classify urinary incontinence
● Differentiate between detrusor overactivity and urodynamic stress incontinence.
Categorize the symptoms associated with different types of incontinence, voiding
difficulty & vesicovaginal fistula.
● Critically appraise the role of urodynamic investigations in diagnosis of different
types of incontinence
● Appraise the principles of management in treatment of various incontinence
2. Renal diseases in pregnancy LGIS Dr. Should Know
Shabana
Kalsoom
Learning Outcomes:
● Describe effects of pregnancy on chronic kidney disease
● Explain effects of chronic kidney disease on pregnancy
● Discuss pre-pregnancy counseling and management of women with CKD
● Review management of pregnant women with renal transplant
● Discuss causes and management of women with acute renal failure in pregnancy
3. Benign conditions of uterus and LGIS Prof. Must Know
cervix: cervical ectopy, Uterine Mehreen
fibroids and adenomyosis Mehdi
Learning Outcomes:
47
 ● Describe the common benign conditions of the uterus and cervix.
● Identify the presenting symptoms and examination findings associated with uterine
fibroids & adenomyosis.
● Appraise the principles of management of fibroid uterus & adenomyosis
● Describe the common tests used to evaluate the uterus & endometrial cavity
4. Premalignant and malignant LGIS Prof Dr. Must Know
conditions of cervix Humaira
Nasir
Learning Outcomes:
● Discuss the aetiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of cervical
intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)
● Suggest primary prevention of cervical cancer through human papilloma virus
(HPV) vaccination & cervical screening
● Discuss the aetiology, diagnosis, International Federation of Gynaecology and
Obstetrics (FIGO) staging and management of malignant disease of cervix
5. Benign ovarian tumours LGIS Prof. Dr. Must Know
Mehreen
Mehdi
Learning Outcomes:
● Classify common benign tumours of ovary
● Discuss relevant investigations, role of tumour markers and follow up of ovarian
cyst
● Describe the clinical presentation and principles of management of benign disease of
ovary
6. Malignant ovarian tumours LGIS Dr. Should Know
Shabana
Kalsoom
Learning Outcomes:
● Classify malignant ovarian tumors
● Enumerate risk factors which increase and decrease the risk of ovarian cancer
● Discuss the genetic factors, clinical presentation & relevant investigation of
malignant disease of ovary
● Recall FIGO staging of ovarian cancer & survival by stage.
● Appraise the management (surgery & chemotherapy) of ovarian cancer
7. Endometriosis and chronic LGIS Prof. Kinza Must Know
pelvic pain Alam
Learning Outcomes:
● List the gynaecological and non gynaecological causes of chronic pelvic pain
● Appreciate the multifactorial nature of CPP & potential management options
48
 ● Explain the pathology of endometriosis & its involvement in CPP and subfertility
● Discuss the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis
8. Benign and malignant LGIS Dr. Noreen must Know
conditions of endometrium Majeed
Learning Outcomes:
● Discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of endometrial polyp
● Describe the incidence & classification of Endometrial carcinoma
● Describe the presentation and investigations needed for women with suspected
endometrial cancer
● Discuss the FIGO staging of endometrial cancer & survival by stage.
● Appraise the principles of management (role of surgery, radiotherapy & palliative
treatment) of endometrial cancer
9. Medical disorders in pregnancy: LGIS Prof. Dr. Should Know
SLE, APS, Rheumatoid Khair-Un-
arthritis, Epilepsy Nisa
Learning Outcomes:
● Counsel the women in pre-pregnancy period & adopt multidisciplinary approach to
improve pregnancy outcomes in women having any medical condition
● Appraise the effect of autoimmune disease on the mother and fetus in pregnancy
and outline the management plan
● Describe antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum principles of management of
epilepsy in pregnancy
● Recognize the related drugs with safety profile and those which have teratogenic
effects on the baby.

49
Learning Resources:
1. Reference Books
● Obstetrics by ten teachers 20th edition
● Gynaecology by ten teachers 20th edition
2. Library resources
● Hacker and Moore’s essential obstetrics 6th edition
● High Risk pregnancy 5th edition
● Shaw’s text book of gynaecology 17th edition
3. Teaching faculty :

Name Email address

Prof Mehreen Mehdi [email protected]
Prof Kinza Alam [email protected]
Prof Humaira Nasir [email protected]
Dr Noreen Majeed [email protected]
Dr Shabana Kalsoom [email protected]
Dr khair-Un-Nisa [email protected]
4. Assessment formats:

Assessment Strategies (Formative) Assessment Strategies (Summative)

SEQ, MCQ SEQ, MCQ, OSPE

50
 Pediatrics
Learning Outcomes

The students should be able to:

● Diagnose, investigate and plan management of common renal disorders.

● Recognize complications & preventive measures and discuss prognosis of pediatric
renal disorders.
● Diagnose, investigate and plan management of acute and chronic kidney injury
● Etiology, investigations & management plan of chronic cough & recurrent chest
infection
● Diagnose, investigate and plan management plan of tonsillitis, phyrangitis &
peritonsillar abscess.
Sr.# Topic Educational Names of Importance
Strategies Instructor (Must Know
Should Know
Could Know)
NEPHROLOY
1. Child with Edema LGIS Prof. Munazza Must Know
Saleem
Learning Outcomes:
● Define and list differential diagnosis of edema.
● Define and explain pathophysiology of Nephrotic syndrome.
● Recognize clinical features, list investigations and outline management plan of
Nephrotic syndrome
● List complications and discuss prognosis of Nephrotic syndrome
2. Child with deranged RFTS LGIS Prof. Munazza Must Know
Saleeem
Learning Outcomes:
● Discuss pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and complications of CKD and
AKI
● List investigations and outline management plan of CKD and AKI
3. Child with Hematuria LGIS Dr Sohail Must Know
Ashraf
Learning Outcomes:
● Define and list differential diagnosis of hematuria
● Define and explain pathophysiology of AGN.
● Recognize clinical features, list investigations and outline management plans of
AGN.

51
 ● List complications and discuss prognosis of AGN
4. Urinary tract LGIS Dr Rakshanda Should Know
infections & VUR Umar
Learning Outcomes:
● Define UTI.
● Discuss clinical features, investigations and complications of UTI
● Outline management of
● UTI.
● Describe pathophysiology,
● clinical features and
● investigations of VUR
● Outline management of
● VUR and discuss the prognosis of VUR.
5. LGIS Dr Sobia Noor Should Know
● Acute Kidney injury
Learning Outcomes:
● Etiology of acute kidney injury
● Symptoms & diagnostic clues in history and examination
● Plan of investigation
● Management steps
● Complications of AKI
6. LGIS Prof Munazza Should Know
● Chronic Kidney
Saleem
Disease
Learning Outcomes:
● Etiology of chronic kidney disease
● Symptoms & diagnostic clues in history and examination
● Plan of investigation
● Management steps
● Complications of CKD
RESPIRATION
7. LGIS Dr. Sohail Must Know
● Chronic cough /
Ashraf
Recurrent chest
infections
Learning Outcomes:
● List differential diagnosis of child with Chronic cough / Recurrent chest
infections
52
 ● Describe the pathophysiology of TB, CF, Immotile cilia syndrome
Bronchiectasis, Pertussis.
● Identify signs & symptoms of diseases causing chronic cough / Recurrent chest
infections
● List complications of diseases causing chronic cough / Recurrent chest
infections.
● List investigations and enumerate management steps of diseases causing chronic
cough / recurrent chest infections.
● Interpret radiological findings and investigations of diseases causing Chronic
cough / Recurrent chest infections.
● List preventive measures of diseases causing Chronic cough / Recurrent chest
infections.
● Discuss prognosis.
8. LGIS Dr. kiran Shah Should Know
● Tonsillitis / Pharyngitis
& Peritonsillar abscess
Learning Outcomes:
● Define Tonsillitis, pharyngitis & peritonsillar abscess
● Etiological factors.
● Approach to diagnosis.
● Outline management plan.
● Discuss complications
Learning Resources:
1. Reference Books
● Basis of Pediatrics by Parvez Akbar Khan
2. Online resources
● [email protected]
3. Library resources
● Textbook of Pediatrics by PPA
● Current Pediatric Diagnosis & Treatment
● Harriet & Lane Handbook of Pediatrics
● Pediatrics illustrated text book by Tom Lissauer
Assessment formats:
Assessment Strategies (Formative) Assessment Strategies (Summative)

MCQ, SEQ, Mini CEX MCQ, SEQ, Long case, short case

53
7. Rules & Regulations:
i. Student’s code of conduct

The Student Code of Conduct sets out the standards of conduct expected of students. It
holds individuals and groups responsible for the consequences of their actions. Failure
to fulfill these responsibilities may result in the withdrawal of privileges or the
imposition of sanctions.
Wah Medical College is a community of students, faculty and staff involved in learning,
teaching, research and other activities. All members of WMC community are expected
to conduct themselves in a manner that contributes positively to an environment in
which respect, civility, diversity, opportunity and inclusiveness are valued, so as to
assure the success of both the individual and the community. The Student Code of
Conduct reflects a concern for these values and tries to ensure that members of the WMC
can make use of and enjoy the activities, facilities and benefits of WMC without undue
interference from others.

ii. WMC student code of conduct

● Discipline

● Decent dress

● Good Manners

● Smart Turn Out

● Healthy Activities

● No smoking

● No Abusive Language

● Cooperative Attitude

● Respect for All

54
iii. Attendance policy

a. Students are required to mark attendance for every class.

b. The attendance is compiled by the respective department and submitted to
student affairs by the 10th of each month.
c. The Students Affair Department will compile the absent report and a fine of
Rs. 500/- for a lecture or for the whole day will be imposed on absent students.
It is pertinent to mention here that a fine is imposed on students to compel them
to attend classes regularly and not to generate the funds.
d. A compiled attendance state of all students along with those having attendance
less than 75% duly highlighted will be submitted to the Students Affairs
Department on monthly as well as quarterly basis by the concerned
departments.
e. At the end of the academic year, a consolidated state of attendance of students
will be submitted to the Students Affair Department.
f. Departments will submit the list of those students having attendance less than
75% at the end of academic year.
g. Admission forms of students having attendance less than 75% will NOT be
submitted to NUMS for appearing in Annual University Exams.

55
8. Study tips
Dear Students,
Becoming a doctor is a tough job, but you can make it easier for yourself by adopting some
time-tested techniques or habits. It's never too early – or too late – to develop good study
habits. The sooner you get into a good self-study pattern, the easier everything will be and
the more your chances of getting good marks will improve. Here are our top tips for getting
the most out of your self-directed study time. And remember Perseverance is the Key to
Success!

Review the material regularly, create a

study schedule

Test yourself

Find an effective learning

environment with limited distractions
and some fresh air

Improve memorization with

Mnemonics

Incorporate auditory methods; use

online podcasts

Use visuals, images, concept maps &

illustration charts

Consider forming a study group or

find an accountability buddy

Take strategic breaks

56
9. Feedback on the study guide

We value your feedback and will use it for improvement of this Study guide. Kindly
provide feedback for this study guide. At the email: [email protected]
[email protected]

10. References:

HARDEN, J.M. LAIDLAW, E.A. HESKETH, R. M. (1999). AMEE Medical Education

Guide No 16: Study guides-their use and preparation. Medical Teacher, 21(3), 248–265.
https://doi.org/10.1080/01421599979491

57
11. Time Table Template

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