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Combined Rectifier Report

This practical report analyzes the construction and performance of half-wave and full-wave rectifiers, essential for converting AC to DC voltage. The experiments demonstrated that full-wave rectifiers are more efficient than half-wave rectifiers, and the use of filtering capacitors significantly reduces ripple and improves output quality. Key findings include the impact of load resistance on voltage and the stabilizing effect of capacitors on output voltage.

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202474018
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32 views10 pages

Combined Rectifier Report

This practical report analyzes the construction and performance of half-wave and full-wave rectifiers, essential for converting AC to DC voltage. The experiments demonstrated that full-wave rectifiers are more efficient than half-wave rectifiers, and the use of filtering capacitors significantly reduces ripple and improves output quality. Key findings include the impact of load resistance on voltage and the stabilizing effect of capacitors on output voltage.

Uploaded by

202474018
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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REPUBLIC OF YEMEN

SANA’A UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Second Year – Morning/ Evening System
Electrical Circuits 2

PRACTICAL REPORT

SUPERVISED BY DONE BY

‫مامون البازلي‬
Dr.Abdul Kafi Al- AC.NO. 202474018
Eryani
System. parallel
Eng.Alia jagman
Practical Report: Rectifiers
Introduction
This report discusses the construction and analysis of both Half-Wave and Full-Wave Rectifiers.
Rectifiers are essential in converting AC voltage to DC voltage, and they play a crucial role in
various electronic applications. While a half-wave rectifier utilizes a single diode and converts
only one half-cycle of the AC input, the full-wave rectifier employs multiple diodes to rectify
both half-cycles, providing greater efficiency.

Objectives
1. To understand the working principles of half-wave and full-wave rectifiers.
2. To construct and analyze the outputs of both rectifier types with and without filter capacitors.
3. To study the effects of loading and filter capacitance on rectifier performance.
4. To calculate parameters such as ripple factor and rectification efficiency.

Methodology
Both rectifiers were constructed using the following components:
1. Power supply (12V)
2. Diodes (1N4002 and 1N4007 series)
3. Resistors of varying values (1 kΩ, 2 kΩ, 3 kΩ, 20 Ω)
4. Capacitors (100 μF and 1000 μF)
5. Dual channel oscilloscope and digital multimeters
6. Breadboard and connecting wires.

Simulations were conducted using Multisim to validate the experimental results. Both rectifiers
were analyzed under different load conditions and with/without filter capacitors.
➢ COMPUTER SIMULATION:

half wave:

Figure 3 :samulation of half wave circut


Figure 1:The voltage output of half wave

Figure 3 :samulation of half wave circuit Rectifier filter Withe Capacitor


➢ Results:
Waveforms without filter;
R = 1kΩ, 2kΩ, 3kΩ,
Input = 12 Vac
Output = Vac

1) Table 1: Half Wave Rectifier without filter


SI. No Load Vac (Volt) Vdc (Volt) Vmax / π Ripple Efficiency
(Volt) Factor r
R(KΩ

1) 1 KΩ 4.357v 3.51v 1.58 1.59 64.9


2) 2 KΩ 4.372v 3.53 1.58 1.59 64.75

3) 3 KΩ 4.38v 3.537 1.58 1.59 65.23

Waveforms with Capacitor Filter:


1) C = 100 μF
2) R =1 KΩ, 2 KΩ, 3 KΩ
3) Input=12 Vac
4) Output = Vdc

2) Table2: Half Wave Rectifier filter

SI. No Load V(output) Ripple


Factor r
R(KΩ)
Vac (Volt) Vdc (Volt) Vmax / π
(Volt)
1) 1 KΩ 0.03 11.1 3.53 1
2) 2 KΩ 0.03 11.1 3.53 1

3) 3 KΩ 0.03 11.1 3.53 1


Figure 2:The voltage output of half wave after the 100uF capacitor

Full wave:
(Note Repeat the remaining two simulation sections with are: 1K Ω and capacitor, 20 Ω
and capacitor)

Figure : The ouput voltage "red" with the voltage after the bridge
rectification
Results :
Full wave rectifier without filter (capacitor)

Input Voltage: Vac = Volts

Table 1: Full Wave Rectifier without filter

Load V Load (volts)

1 kΩ 6.66

20 Ω 6.65

Full wave rectifier with filter (capacitor)

1) C = 1000 μF

2) Input Voltage: Vac = Volts

Table 2: Full Wave Rectifier with filter

Load V Load (volts)

1 kΩ 9.275

20 Ω 9.275

Questions
1)What is the effect on the load voltage as the loading increases (i.e., as R load decreases)?

When the resistance value is reduced , the current draw increases, leading to a drop in voltage due
to losses in internal components (such as the diode).

2) What s the effect of adding the capacitor across the load?

When the capacitor is added ,the ripple effect is reduced , and the output voltage becomes more
stable and closer to the peak voltage.

Conclusion
The experiments demonstrated the superior efficiency of full-wave rectifiers compared to half-
wave rectifiers. Filtering capacitors were effective in reducing ripple and enhancing DC output
quality. These findings highlight the importance of rectifiers in AC to DC power conversion.

References
1. Electrical4U: Comprehensive guides on rectifiers and their applications.
2. Practical observations and simulations conducted in the laboratory.

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