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Podd Cat One

The document outlines the functions of a Database Management System (DBMS), including data storage, integrity, security, and backup. It describes three levels of database architecture, data independence, and various attributes in relational database design. Additionally, it covers data modeling notations, the physical database design process, storage devices, and access methods.

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4 views2 pages

Podd Cat One

The document outlines the functions of a Database Management System (DBMS), including data storage, integrity, security, and backup. It describes three levels of database architecture, data independence, and various attributes in relational database design. Additionally, it covers data modeling notations, the physical database design process, storage devices, and access methods.

Uploaded by

mthwgodard
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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a) Functions of a DBMS

1. Data Storage: Manages systematic storage and retrieval of data.


2. Data Integrity: Ensures accuracy and consistency through constraints.
3. Data Security: Provides access control to protect data.
4. Backup and Recovery: Facilitates data backup and restoration.
b) Three Levels of Database Architecture
1. Internal Level: Details how data is physically stored.
2. Conceptual Level: Overall structure of the database, focusing on entities and
relationships.
3. External Level: Various user views of the data.
c) Data Independence
 Logical Data Independence: Changing the conceptual schema without affecting
external views.
 Physical Data Independence: Modifying the internal schema without impacting
the conceptual schema.
d) Attributes in Relational Database Design
i) Multi-valued Attribute: An attribute that can hold multiple values for a single entity.
For example, a customer can have multiple phone numbers.
ii) Composite Attribute: An attribute that can be divided into smaller subparts, which
represent more basic attributes. For example, a full address can be split into street, city,
state, and zip code.
iii) Derived Attribute: An attribute whose value can be derived from other attributes in
the database. For instance, an employee's age can be derived from their date of birth.

e) Attributes for Entities


 Customer: CustomerID (identifier), Name, Email.
 Organization: OrganizationID (identifier), Name, Type.
f) Data Modelling Notations
i) Chen Notation: Uses rectangles and diamonds for entities and relationships. ii)
IDEF1X: Focuses on relationships and normalization. iii) Rein85: Emphasizes an
abstract view. iv) Crow’s Foot: Uses symbols for cardinalities in relationships.
g) Physical Database Design Process
1. Requirements Analysis
2. Selecting Storage Structures
3. Index Design
4. Data Distribution
5. Performance Tuning
6. Backup and Recovery Planning
7. Security Implementation
8. Testing
h) Database Storage Devices

i) Optical Storage: Uses laser technology to read and write data on discs (CDs, DVDs).
It's non-volatile, portable, and has high durability but is slower than other storage types.

ii) Magnetic Disk: Commonly used for hard drives and SSDs, this storage method uses
magnetic fields to read and write data. It offers fast access times and high capacity.

iii) Tape Storage: Utilizes magnetic tape to store data, primarily used for backups and
archival purposes.

i) Database Access Methods


i) Hash Access: Fast for equality searches; not for ranges.
ii) Indexed Sequential Access: Combines fast lookups with sequential access.

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