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Sample Final Exam Questions

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12 views3 pages

Sample Final Exam Questions

Uploaded by

getshclasher
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sample final exam questions

1. An electromagnetic wave in vacuum has the electric field


⃗ 4 9
E =(3 ×10 ) ( 3 ^x +4 z^ ) sin(ky +2 π 10 t)volt /cm .
Find,
a. the direction of propagation and the propagation constant of the
wave.
b. the amplitude, frequency and wavelength of the wave.
c. the amplitude of the corresponding magnetic field ⃗ B.
d. the expression for the corresponding magnetic field ⃗ B to the given ⃗
E
above.
e. the Poynting vector for this electromagnetic wave.
f. If the wave is totally absorbed by a photodetector of flat surface
placed perpendicular to the direction of propagation, what intensity of
the electromagnetic radiation is collected by the photodetector?

2. A total charge Q is uniformly distributed over the surface of a sphere of


radius R . The sphere rotates about the z axis with angular velocity ω .
a. Using your lecture slides, write the magnetic field inside and outside
the sphere.
b. Write down also the electrostatic field inside and outside the sphere.
c. Assuming dω / dt ≠ 0 . Calculate the Faraday induced electric field at the
surface of the sphere as a function of θ .
d. Now assume that ω is constant. Calculate the energy stored in the
magnetic field. Show that two-thirds of the energy is inside the sphere
and one-third is outside the sphere.

3. Apply Faraday’s law to show that a static electric field between the plates
of a parallel-plate capacitor cannot drop abruptly to zero at the edges of
the capacitor.

4. Show that the electric and magnetic fields produced by a point charge
moving with a constant speed υ ≪ c in vacuum are related by
⃗ ⃗v ⃗
B ( ⃗r ,t )= 2 × E (⃗r ,t )
c
5. Let ⃗
W be a vector field (just like ⃗ E and ⃗ B) satisfying the wave equation
2
1 ∂W ⃗
∇ ⃗
2
W− 2 2
=0
c ∂t

Show that any function of the form W ( ζ⃗ )=f ( ⃗r ± ct ) is a solution of the wave
equation.
6. Confirm by direct calculation that the plane wave fields ⃗ E (r ,t)=E⊥ ( ⃗k · r⃗ −ckt)
⃗ (⃗r ,t )=k^ × ⃗
and c B E (⃗r , t) satisfy all four Maxwell equations in vacuum.
7. Maxwell’s equations in vacuum are given by

⃗ −∂ ⃗
B ⃗ ⃗ ∂⃗
E
∇×⃗
E= , ∇ × B=µ0 ⃗J + ε 0 µ 0 , where c=1 / √ ε 0 µ0 is the speed of light .
∂t ∂t
a. Prove the following identity,
1 ∂ 2⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ 1
( c B ⋅ B + E ⋅ E )=−c2 ⃗
∇⋅(⃗
E×⃗
B )− ⃗ E ⋅ ⃗J
2 ∂t ϵ0

b. Consider a particle with charge q moving in the electromagnetic field


with velocity ⃗v . Show that the time derivative of its kinetic energy T is
given by
dT
=q ⃗v ⋅ ⃗
E What is the equivalent for a continuous charge distribution?
dt

c. Given the definition of the Poynting vector, ⃗S=ϵ 0 c2 ⃗ E ×⃗


B, prove the
following called Poynting’s theorem:
∂ 1
∂t 2 V [ ]
ϵ 0∫ d 3 x ( c2 B2+ E2 ) +T =−∫ d 2 x ⃗n ⋅ ⃗S
∂V

where V is some volume and ∂ V its surface. For T , insert your result
from b) above. Interpret the physical meaning of each of the terms.
d. Show that the time-averaged Poynting vector for a plane wave in a non-
conducting medium can be written as

⟨ ⃗S ⟩ = 1 ϵ 0 c 2 ℜ ( ⃗E 0 × ⃗B ¿0 ) ;
2

where ⃗ E0 and ⃗
B0 are the (complex) amplitudes of the time dependent
electric and magnetic fields,

E (t)=ℜ ( ⃗
⃗ E 0 ei ω t ) ; ⃗
B (t)=ℜ ( ⃗
B 0ei ω t )

Hint: Compute the average value over a period T,


T
⟨ ⃗S ⟩ = 1 ∫ ⃗S (t)dt
T 0

8. Consider a discharging circular parallel plate capacitor (plates area A) in a


circuit with a resistor R. show that the Poynting vector is given by
2
⃗S (⃗r , t)= I 0 CR r e−2 t / RC r^ Which way does energy flow, into or out of the
2
2 A ϵ0
capacitor?
9. The figure below shows a small circular loop of N turns of wire is oriented
so the loop axis is parallel to the local direction of a magnetic field ⃗
B. A
galvanometer measures the total amount of charge Q which flows through
the circuit of total resistance R when the coil is flipped so its loop axis
reverses direction. Find the relationship between Q and |⃗ B| assuming that
E=IR remains valid.

10. An EM wave is propagating in the u⃗ =4 x^ +2 ^y +2 z^ direction. Suggest


possible directions for ⃗
E and ⃗
B.

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