Chapter No.

11 Probability Concepts

Q.1 There are 272 employees in an organization. 180 employees are graduates. 95 out of 272
are females. 145 graduates are males. What is the probability that a randomly selected
employee is a male and not graduates?
(a) 0.1376 (b) 0.1276
(c) 0.1176 (d) 0.1199
Q.2 In Lahore 70% people have UPS and 30% have generators. 20% people have both, find
the probability that a randomly selected house has neither UPS nor generator.
(a) 20% (b) 10%
(c) 50% (d) 40%
Q.3 Probability of occurrence and non-occurrence of an event is expressed as a number of
which lies between:
(a) 0 to 1 inclusively (b) - 1 to +1 inclusively
(c) - 1 to 0 inclusively (d) 0 to 2 inclusively
Q.4 Two athletes A and B participate in a race along with other athletes. If the chance of A
winning the race is 1/6 and that of B winning the same race is 1/8, what is the chance that
athletes other than A & B win the race?
(a) 3/9 (b) 2/7
(c) 35/48 (d) None of these
Q.5 In a factory, the Labour force is comprised of 70 % men and 30% women. If 20% of men
have two or more children and 5 % of the women have two or more children, what is the
probability that a person having more than one child is a woman?
(a) 0.15 (b) 0.21
(c) 0.35 (d) 0.05
Q.6 Two Dices are rolled, 1 red and 1 blue. What is the probability of rolling a 6 on the red or
blue dice?
(a) 1/6 (b) 1/36
(c) 11/36 (d) 2/6
Q.7 A coin is tossed three times. What is the probability of getting at least 2 heads?
(a) 0.125 (b) 0.50
(c) 0.375 (d) 0.875
Q.8 Two balls are drawn without replacement one after the other from a bag having 5 white
and 8 black balls. What are the chances that only the second ball drawn is black?
(a) 8/14 (b) 10/39
(c) 4/10 (d) None of these
Q.9 There are seven balls in a box out of which 2 are red, 2 green and 3 blue; two balls are
drawn, what is the probability that none is blue?

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(a) 2/7 (b) 1/9

(c) 3/8 (d) 1/3
Q.10 There is 5 red and 7 black Suzuki Cars are up for sale at Pak Wheels. If 2 cars are sold,
what is the probability that both are red?
(a) 0.6364 (b) 0.1515
(c) 0.3636 (d) 0.4167
Q.11 The events A and B are mutually exclusive. If P(A) = 0.5 and P(B) = 0.4, then P(A or B)
is:
(a) 0.1 (b) 0.54
(c) 0.9 (d) 0.2
Q.12 A 4 digit pin code can begin with any number except 0,1 & 2. If repetition of the same
digit is allowed, the probability of a pin code begins with 5 and end with a 3 is?
(a) 1/70 (b) 1/90
(c) 1/80 (d) 1/49
Q.13 A committee is to be made of 4 members from a total of 13 people of which 5 from
Punjab, 2 from Balochistan, 4 from Sindh and 2 from KPK, what is the probability that
committee contain no member from Punjab?
(a) 6.8% (b) 0.7%
(c) 9.8% (d) None of these
Q.14 If a dice is rolled 2 times then probability of appearing sum of 12 is?
(a) 0.028 (b) 0.402
(c) 0.012 (d) 0.088
Q.15 There is 5 red and 7 black Alto are up for sale at OLX. If 2 cars are sold, what is the
probability that both are black?
(a) 0.6364 (b) 0.3182
(c) 0.3636 (d) 0.4167
Q.16 A wallet contains 65 notes of Rs.1000 and 35 notes of Rs.500. Four notes are selected at
random. Find the probability that sum of notes is Rs.3000?
(a) 0.3156 (b) 0.6844
(c) 0.3105 (d) 0.6895
Q.17 The events A and B are mutually exclusive. If P(A) = 0.5 and P(B) = 0.4, then P(A and
B) is:
(a) 0.1 (b) 0.54
(c) 0.9 (d) 0.2

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Q.18 Two events are mutually exclusive if:

(a) Their probabilities are less than 1
(b) Their probability sum is equal to 1
(c) They contain every possible outcomes of an experiment
(d) They cannot occur at the same time.
Q.19 A bag contains 6 math books and 12 accounting books. If a student randomly selects two
books, then find the probability that both of them are math books or accounting books.
(a) 0.0423 (b) 0.5556
(c) 0.5000 (d) 0.5294
Q.20 There are 65 currency notes of Rs 1000 and 35 currency notes of Rs 500 in a safe. If 4
notes are selected randomly find the probability that total amount obtained is at least Rs
4000.
(a) 0.1727 (b) 0.5246
(c) 0.1427 (d) 0.1313
Q.21 50% people use cellular mobile and 40% people use landline and 20% people use both.
Find the probability that a person selected at random use neither.
(a) 20% (b) 30%
(c) 40% (d) 50%
Q.22 Two dices are rolled what is the probability that at least one 6 appears
(a) 16.67% (b) 33.33%
(c) 31% (d) 30.55%
Q.23 Two dices are rolled find the probability that at least 1 “six” appear
(a) 1/6 (b) 2/6
(c) 15/36 (d) 11/36
Q.24 A box contains 2 white balls, 3 black balls and 4 red balls. In how many ways 3 balls be
drawn from the box, if at least one black ball is to be included in the draw
(a) 32 (b) 48
(c) 64 (d) 72
Q.25 An analysis of the frequency with which a football team of Argentina scores goals in a
match is given below.
Goals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Over 6
Probability 0.1 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.20 0.15 0.05 0.05

The probability that Argentina will score a total of 5 goals in two matches Series?
(a) 0.19 (b) 0.27
(c) 0.58 (d) 0.44

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Q.26 A sample of 4 different Color T.V sets is randomly selected from a group containing 57
T.V sets out of which 36 are defective. The probability that all the selected T.V are
defective is:
(a) 0.1400 (b) 0.1491
(c) 0.0181 (d) 0
Q.27 A committee is to be formed from the stated members, one from Sindh, two from
Balochistan, two from Punjab and one from KPK, what is probability that one is from
each province while forming a 4 member committee.
(a) 6.8% (b) 12.7%
(c) 9.7% (d) 26.6%
Q.28 Find 0!
(a) 0 (b) 100
(c) 1 (d) 10
Q.29 There are 6 digits 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9. A three-digit number is to be made from these
numbers which should be divisible by 2. (Repetition not allowed). Find all possible ways
(a) 10 (b) 20
(c) 30 (d) 40
Q.30 How many 3-digit numbers can be formed from the digits 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 9, which are
divisible by 5 and none of the digits is repeated?
(a) 120 (b) 30
(c) 20 (d) 18
Q.31 How many 3-digit numbers can be formed from the digits 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9, which are
divisible by 2 and none of the digits is repeated?
(a) 6 (b) 0
(c) 120 (d) 360
Q.32 In how many ways the word “LEGEND” be arranged.
(a) 250 (b) 720
(c) 360 (d) 150
Q.33 In how many word “LEADING” can be arranged
(a) 2520 (b) 1640
(c) 5040 (d) 1500
Q.34 In how many different ways can the letters of the word „LEADING‟ be arranged in such
way that the vowels always come together?
(a) 520 (b) 620
(c) 720 (d) 800

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Q.35 In how many ways word “BINOMIAL‟ can be arranged, when vowels come together.
(a) 120 (b) 40320
(c) 2880 (d) 1440
Q.36 A and B are two mutually exclusive events and P(A) = 0.4 and P(B) 0.3. Find P(AUB)
(a) 0.58 (b) 0.7
(c) 0.6 (d) 0.42
Q.37 If two dice are rolled, what is the probability that either the sum of the two will be seven
or at least one of the dice will show the number 5.
(a) 3/36 (b) 30/36
(c) 15/36 (d) 4/5
Q.38 Following data is given
Goal 0 1 2 3 4 5 More than 5
P(X=x) 0.05 0.2 0.15 0.15 0.3 0.05 0.1
Find the probability that there would be total 5 goals in two matches.
(a) 0.835 (b) 0.825
(c) 0.170 (d) 0.165
Q.99 In Royal Bakery there are 3 cakes of pineapple, 4 cakes of chocolate, 2 cakes of
strawberry and 1 is without cream. 2 cakes are purchased by a customer. Find the
probability that both are chocolate cakes.
(a) 2/15 (b) 1/15
(c) 3/15 (d) 3/5
Q.44 You are given the following data
Smoker Non Smoker
Men 50 200
Women 60 10
Find the probability that a person selected is woman or smoker …
(a) 3/7 (b) 2/5
(c) 3/8 (d) 1/3
Q.41 Quaid e Azam Medical College select 30 doctors and give them a medicine to test and
give feedback, each doctor selects 50 patients and apply that medicine to them, you are
required to determine the sample size for Quaid e Azam Medical College?
(a) 80 (b) 150
(c) 1500 (d) 20
Q.44 In a bag there are 2 green balls, 3 blue and 2 red balls. If you picked two balls randomly.
Find the probability that no one is blue?
(a) 0.2857 (b) 0.3578
(c) 0.1245 (d) 0.5225

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Q.43 Among 18 Players of Lahore Qalandars, there are 2 wicket keepers and 5 bowlers. In
how many ways can a team of 11 members be chosen as to include only one wicket
keeper and at least three bowlers?..
(a) 12100 (b) 12144
(c) 12200 (d) 14400
Q.44 If P(A) = 1/4, P(B) = 1/2, P(AUB) = 5/8, then P (A∩B) = ?
(a) 5/7 (b) 11/21
(c) 1/8 (d) 1/3
Q.45 There are 12 CNG kits out of which 4 are defective, if 4 kits are selected at random then
find the probability that at least 3 are defective.
(a) 1/3 (b) 1/15
(c) 1/2 (d) 4/3
Q.46 A coin is tossed 3 time, all possible outcomes are
(a) [HHH,HHT,HTH,HTT,HHH,HHT]
(b) [HHH,HHT,HTH,HTT,THH,THT,TTH,TTT]
(c) [HHH,HHT,HTH,HTT,THT,THT,TTH,TTT]
(d) [HHH,HHT,HTHT,HTT,THT,THT]
Q.47 A problem in statistics is given to three students Ahmad, Bahadur and Salman. Whose
chance of solving are 1/2, 3/4, 1/4 respectively. What is the probability that problem will
be solved by any of these.
(a) 25/36 (b) 1/4
(c) 3/5 (d) 3/32
Q.48 Out of 6 eggs in a refrigerator, 2 are rotten. From these 3 eggs are selected at random to
make a cake. What is the probability that at least one egg is rotten among 3?
(a) 2/6 (b) 4/5
(c) 2/5 (d) 2/9
Q.49 There are total 57 eggs in a basket out of which 36 are defective. If 4 eggs are selected
from the box find the probabilities that only 1 is defective:
(a) 1/11 (b) 2/15
(c) 4/33 (d) None of these
Q.54 From manufacturing of 25 bulbs, 3 are defective, if the random sample of 5 bulbs are
selected from it. What is the probability that selected sample contain exactly 2 defective
bulbs.
(a) 0.087 (b) 0.258
(c) 0.022 (d) 0.098
Q.51 A box contains 2 white balls, 3 black balls and 4 red balls. In how many ways 3 balls be
drawn from the box, if at least one black ball is to be included in the draw

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(a) 32 (b) 48
(c) 64 (d) 72
Q.54 A bag contains 6 red balls, 3 black balls and 2 blue balls. Two balls are selected with
replacement. Which TWO of the following statements are correct?
(a) The probability that both balls are red is 36/121
(b) The probability that both balls are green is 0
(c) The probability that both balls are black is 6/121
(d) The probability that both balls are blue is 4/121
Q.59 A bag contains 6 red balls, 3 black balls and 2 blue balls. Two balls are selected without
replacement. Which TWO of the following statements are correct?
(a) The probability that first ball is red and second ball is black is 9/55
(b) The probability that first ball is red and second ball is black is 18/110
(c) The probability that both balls are red is 36/121
(d) The probability that neither ball is red is 25/121

Q.54 How many 3-digit numbers can be formed from the digits 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 9, which are
divisible by 5 and none of the digits is repeated?
(a) 6 (b) 20
(c) 120 (d) 360
Q.55 In how many different ways can the letters of the word “CORRECT” be arranged?
(a) 210 (b) 1260
(c) 2520 (d) 5040
Q.56 A bag contains 2 red, 3 green and 2 blue balls. Two balls are drawn at random. What is
the probability that one of the balls drawn is green?
(a) 0.4286 (b) 0.6857
(c) 0.1143 (d) 0.5714
Q.57 Three books of different subjects are to be arranges in a book shelf. The possible
arrangements are?
(a) 9 (b) 27
(c) 6 (d) 3
Q.58 The records of PIA show that over a period of 100 days 528 over 600 flights arrived on
time. Find probability that a given flight will not arrive on time:
(a) 0.72 (b) 0.88
(c) 0.12 (d) 1
Q.59 In a consignment of 25 auto-batteries, 3 are defective. If a random sample of 5 batteries is
selected, then probability of having exactly 2 defective batteries in the sample is:

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(a) 5.3% (b) 3.5%

(c) 12% (d) 8.7%
Q.64 Ilyas wishes to plant flowers in front of his house. His father has brought him a box
Containing 3 tulips, 4 roses and 3 jasmines. If he selects five flowers at random, the
probability that 1 tulip, 2 roses and 2 jasmines are selected is:
(a) 1/9 (b) 2/27
(c) 3/14 (d) 3/28
Q.61 A 5 digit pin code is required which should starts with 7 and ends at 8. You can choose
any number from 0 to 9. Find the probability of such code if repetition of same number is
allowed.
(a) 6/10 (b) 1/10
(c) 3/14 (d) 1/100
Q.62 From the digits 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, Find probability that 5 digit number will be made such that
digit starts at 7 and ends with 8.
(a) 6/10 (b) 8/15
(c) 3/14 (d) 1/20
Q.63 If the experiment, tossing a pair of dice, is repeated over and over again in a very long
series of trials, what proportion of outcomes do you think would result in a sum less than
7?
(a) 5/12 (b) 6/36
(c) 6/12 (d) one of these
Q.64 If probability of an event A is 0.2 and the probability of an event B is 0.3 and the
probability of either A or B is 0.5, then A and B are:
(a) Mutually exclusive (b) Independent
(c) Dependent (d) None of these
Q.65 A box contains 2 white balls, 3 black balls and 4 red balls. In how many ways 3 balls be
drawn from the box, if atleast one black ball is to be included in the draw?
(a) 64 (b) 97
(c) 42 (d) 120
Q.66 If the probability of an event is 0.01, which of the following statements is correct:
(a) The event is unlikely to occur
(b) The event is expected to occur about 10% of the time
(c) The event cannot occur
(d) None of the above

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Q.67 If a coin is tossed five times, the probability of:

(a) Five heads is equal to the probability of five tails
(b) Five heads is equal to the probability of zero tails
(c) Five tails is equal to the probability of zero heads
(d) All of the above
Q.68 Ahmad invests in three stocks. After 12 months, he records the gain or loss in price as
follows:
A: All three stocks rise in price
B: Stock1 rise in price
C: stock 2 experiences a Rs. 5 drop in price.
Therefore A and B are:
(a) Not mutually exclusive events (b) Mutually exclusive events
(c) Independent (d) None of these
Q.69 From a Pack of 52 cards, two cards are drawn in succession. The probability that both
cards are spades is:
(a) 0.0588 (b) 0.0625
(c) 0.25 (d) None of these
Q.70 If seven coins are tossed simultaneously. All possible outcomes of the experiment are:
(a) Not mutually exclusive (b) Independent
(c) Not independent (d) None of these
Q.71 If P(A) = 0.20; P(B) = 0.08 and P(C) = 0.03
where A = A person views a T.V. show
B = A person reads a magazine
C = A person views a T.V. show and reads a magazine
Then P(A ∪ B) is:
(a) 0.25 (b) .28
(c) 0.11 (d) None of these
Q.72 Events are said to be ______ if they have no elements in common. (MEE)
Q.73 ______ is the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment. (Sample Space)
Q.74 Select the correct statement(s) from the following
(a) Sample space is the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment
(b) The outcomes of an experiment are referred to as events
(c) Events are said to be non-mutually exclusive if they have no elements in common
(d) Events are said to be mutually exclusive if they have no elements in common

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Q.75 Three students appeared in an examination with the following probability to pass the
exam:
A: 9/10
B: 8/10
C: 7/10
What is the probability that at least one of them will pass the exam?
(a) A. 0.884 (b) B. 0.774
(c) C. 0.994 (d) D. 0.664
Q.76 Three students appeared in an examination with the following probability to pass the
exam:
Atif: 9/10
Bilawal: 8/10
Hashmat: 7/10
What is the probability that Atif and Bilawal will pass the exam?
(a) A. 0.46 (b) B. 0.56
(c) C. 0.66 (d) D. 0.72
Q.77 A bag contains 6 red balls, 3 black balls and 2 blue balls. Two balls are selected with
replacement. Which of the following statements are correct?
(a) The probability that both balls are red is 36/121
(b) The probability that both balls are green is 0
(c) The probability that both balls are black is 6/121
(d) The probability that both balls are blue is 4/121
Q.78 Two fair dice are thrown. Find the probability that the product of the scores is greater
than 8?
(a) 0.27 (b) 0.56
(c) 0.11 (d) None of these
Q.79 A vegetable basket contains 12 peppers, of which 3 are red, 4 are green and 5 are yellow.
Three peppers are taken, at random and without replacement, from the basket. Find the
probability that the three peppers are all different colours?
(a) 0.273 (b) 0.727
(c) 0.035 (d) None of these
Q.80 A 4 digit pin code is to be made starting from any number except 0, 1 and 2. If repetition
is allowed the find probability that the code will starts from 5 and end at 3.
(a) 1/70 (b) 100/700
(c) 1/9 (d) 2/10

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Q.81
Call metering 1 min. 2 min. 3 min. 4 min.
Call package Rs. 200 for 200 min. Rs. 300 for 300 min. Rs. 400 for 400 min. ----
GPS package Rs. 200 for 200 mb. Rs. 300 for 300 mb. Rs. 400 for 400 mb. ----
SMS Package Rs. 1 for 1 SMS Rs. 2 for 2 SMS Rs. 3 for 3 SMS ----
In how many ways can a customer select a service package?
(a) 108 (b) 90
(c) 13 (d) 100
Q.82 Eight runners have equal chance of winning the race what is the probability that a person
wins the bet if he selects top 3 runners in the correct order?
(a) 5.61% (b) 0.297%
(c) 0.89% (d) 3.98%

Q.83 A company is offering the following tariff chart:

Call Metering 1 Min. 2 Min. 3 Min. 4 Min.
Call Package 2.00 Rs. 4.00 Rs. 5.00 Rs. 6.00 Rs
SMS Package 10 Rs. 20 Rs. ---- ----
Internet Package 500 1000 1500 200
If a customer wants to choose one of these packages, then find the number of ways
available to him.
(a) 108 (b) 128
(c) 100 (d) 196
Q.84 A biased dice is rolled once. The probability of each number on the dice is as follows:
Number 1 2 3 4 5 6
Probability 1/10 1/10 2/10 3/10 1/10 x
Find the value of x
(a) 1/10 (b) 2/10
(c) 3/10 (d) 4/10
Q.85 Zakoota wants to go for vacations from Kohkaaf to Lahore. There are 3 different train
services available. In how many ways can he go to Lahore and return provided he will
not use the same train service on his return journey
(a) 6 (b) 9
(c) 2 (d) 3

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Q.86 The probability of an event occurring plus the probability of that event not occurring
must equal:
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 100
Q.87 Sum of two mutually exclusive events will add up to 1
(a) True (b) False
Q.88 A mathematics problem is given to two students. Their probability of solving and not
solving the question are given below:
Student name Probability of solving Probability of not solving
Mr. Qazi 8/10 2/10
Mr. Malik 9/10 1/10

Based on professional judgment identify which of the following statement is correct

(a) It is highly likely that both the students will not be able to solve the problem
(b) It is highly likely that one of the students will be able to solve the problem
(c) It is highly likely that both the students will be able to solve the problem
(d) It is impossible to solve the question.
Q.89 There are five runners in a race, how many different arrangements of three winning
positions are possible
(a) 40 (b) 50
(c) 60 (d) 70
Q.90 Three cards are picked from a standard pack of 52 cards with replacement. The number
of possible outcomes is:
(a) 140,608 (b) 140,708
(c) 140,808 (d) 140,908
Q.91 A bag contains five balls numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Two balls are drawn
from the bag without replacement. Find the probability that the two balls drawn are such
that the sum of the numbers on two balls is more than 5
(a) 2/5 (b) 1/20
(c) 1/5 (d) 3/5
Q.92 A bag contains five balls numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Two balls are drawn
from the bag without replacement. Find the probability that the two balls drawn are such
that the product of the numbers on two balls is 6
(a) 2/5 (b) 1/20
(c) 1/5 (d) 1/10

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Q.93 Mr. Shahjahan decides to go for shopping. The probabilities that he will go to north mall,
east mall or west mall are 0.3, 0.2 and 0.5 respectively. The probabilities of him buying
something if he goes to north mall, east mall or west mall are 0.9, 0.5 and 0.8
respectively. Find the probability that he will not buy anything
(a) 0.77 (b) 0.23
(c) 0.33 (d) 0.43
Q.94 70% students in a particular university are boys. It is known that 10% of boys are in
second year of their university and 50% of the boys in second year select mathematics as
their optional course. If the number of boys in second year who select mathematics in the
university is 21. Compute the number of girls in the university
(a) 280 (b) 180
(c) 80 (d) Cannot be determined
Q.95 Three friends Ilyas, Qazi and Shoaib go for a dinner. The probability that the bill will be
paid by Shoaib is twice of the combined probability of bill being paid by either Ilyas or
Qazi and the probability of Qazi paying bill is twice than that of Ilyas. What is the
probability that Ilyas will pay the bill
(a) 1/8 (b) 2/9
(c) 6/9 (d) 1/9
Q.96 A team of 4 people is to be formed from 5 men and 7 women. In how many ways can
this be done if there must be more women than men in the team?
(a) 175 (b) 35
(c) 210 (d) 495

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