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Reminder

The document outlines key concepts in analysis, including continuity and differentiability of functions, as well as important theorems such as the Intermediate Value Theorem. It provides definitions, rules for derivatives, and L'Hôpital's Rule for evaluating limits. The content is intended for first-year bachelor's degree students in the Computer Science Department at the University of Algiers 1 for the academic year 2024/2025.

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23 views2 pages

Reminder

The document outlines key concepts in analysis, including continuity and differentiability of functions, as well as important theorems such as the Intermediate Value Theorem. It provides definitions, rules for derivatives, and L'Hôpital's Rule for evaluating limits. The content is intended for first-year bachelor's degree students in the Computer Science Department at the University of Algiers 1 for the academic year 2024/2025.

Uploaded by

pmbz5qf2v5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of Algiers 1- Benyoucef BENKHEDDA A.

Y 2024/2025
Computer Science Department First year bachelor’s degree
Module : Analysis 1 Dr. M. BELATTAR

Reminder
• A function f : D → R is continuous at a ∈ R if and only if :

lim f (x) = f (a) = l (finite),


x→a

or equivalently,
lim f (x) = lim f (x) = f (a) (finite).
> <
x→a x→a

• A function f : D → R is differentiable at a ∈ R if and only if :

f (x) − f (a)
lim = L (finite),
x→a x−a
or equivalently,
f (x) − f (a) f (x) − f (a)
lim = lim = L (finite).
>
x→a x−a <
x→a x−a

• g is of class C 1 on the interval I of R if it is differentiable on this interval and its first


derivative g ′ is continuous on this interval.
• (ef (x) )′ = f ′ (x) ef (x) .
f ′ (x)
• (ln f (x))′ = .
f (x)
• (sin f (x))′ = f ′ (x) cos f (x).
• (cos f (x))′ = −f ′ (x) sin f (x).
• ln : ]0, +∞[ → R, Dln x = ]0, +∞[
• exp : R → ]0, +∞[ , Dexp x = R.
• The function ln x is increasing for x > 0.
• The function exp x is increasing over all R .
• sin x, cos x : R → R.

Theorem 1. Let I be an interval of R, a ∈ I and f : I → R be a function.


— If f is differentiable at a, then f is continuous at a.
— Si f is differentiable on I, then f is continuous on I.

Theorem 2 (Intermediate Value Theorem). Let f : [a, b] → R be a real function such


that :
1. f is continuous on [a, b],
2. f (a)f (b) < 0,
then there is a point c ∈ ]a, b[ such that f (c) = 0.

1
L’Hôpital’s Rule
Let f and g two differentiable functions in a neighborhood of a point x0 . If

lim f (x) = lim g(x) = 0 or lim f (x) = lim g(x) = ±∞,


x→x0 x→x0 x→x0 x→x0

and
f ′ (x)
lim exists, with g ′ (x0 ) ̸= 0.
x→x0 g ′ (x)
Then,
f (x) f ′ (x)
lim = lim ′ .
x→x0 g(x) x→x0 g (x)

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