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Iteration Method - System of Two Non-Linear Equations

The document discusses the Fixed Point Iteration Method for solving systems of two nonlinear equations, outlining its definition, application, and convergence criteria. It includes examples, Python code for implementation, and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of the method. The conclusion emphasizes the method's efficiency and the importance of careful formulation and convergence checks.

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38 views13 pages

Iteration Method - System of Two Non-Linear Equations

The document discusses the Fixed Point Iteration Method for solving systems of two nonlinear equations, outlining its definition, application, and convergence criteria. It includes examples, Python code for implementation, and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of the method. The conclusion emphasizes the method's efficiency and the importance of careful formulation and convergence checks.

Uploaded by

lines4u91
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Iteration Method
System of Two Nonlinear Equations

PROJECT MEMBERS: COURSE INSTRUCTOR:

RABINDRA SHRESTHA 50 Dr. SARASWATI ACHARYA


JEENA SHRESTHA 53 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
PRESENTATION OUTLINES:

● Introduction
● Nonlinear System of Equations
● Fixed Point Iteration Method
● Examples
● Python Code
● Convergence and Stopping Criteria
● Advantages and Disadvantages
● Conclusion
INTRODUCTION

Overview:

● Fixed Point Iteration Method, also known as Iteration Method is a


root finding technique to solve systems of nonlinear equations.
● We will discuss and demonstrate how to apply this method to solve
such systems using Python.
● The method is based on transforming the system into iterative
functions g1(x), g2(x),...
NONLINEAR SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

Definition: A system consisting of multiple nonlinear equations.

Example:

x2 + y 2 = 4

x+y=1

Goal: To find the values of x and y that satisfies both equations.


FIXED POINT ITERATION METHOD

Let the equations be given by:

f(x,y) = 0, g(x,y) = 0 (1)

whose real roots are required within specified accuracy. We assume equations
(1) can be written as,

x = F(x,y), y = G(x,y) (2)

where the functions F and G satisfy the conditions:

|Fx| + |Fy| < 1 and |Gx| + |Gy| < 1 (3)

in the neighbourhood of the root. Equation there is called convergence criteria of


Iteration Method.
FIXED POINT ITERATION METHOD (cont.)

Let (x0,y0) be the initial approximation to a root (ξ,η) of the system (1). We
construct the successive approximations according to the following formula:

x1 = F(x0,y0), y1 = G(x0,y0)

x2 = F(x1,y1), y2 = G(x1,y1)

⫶ (4)

xn+1 = F(xn,yn), yn+1 = G(xn,yn)

For faster convergence, recently computed xi can be used to compute yi. If iteration
process (4) converges, we obtain ξ = F(ξ,η) and η = G(ξ,η) (5)
EXAMPLE: SOLVING THE SYSTEM

Given System: x = 0.2x2+0.8, y = 0.3xy2+0.7

We have, F(x,y) = 0.2x2+0.8, G(x,y) = 0.3xy2+0.7

Then, Fx = 0.4x, Fy = 0

Gx = 0.3y2 Gy = 0.6xy

Choosing initial guess (x0,y0) =(0.5,0.5). We find,

|Fx|(x0,y0) + |Fy|(x0,y0) =0.2< 1 and |Gx|(x0,y0) + |Gy|(x0,y0) =0.225< 1

Thus convergence criteria meets. We now solve the system by iteration method.
PYTHON CODE: ITERATION METHOD
PYTHON CODE: ITERATION METHOD (CONT.)

Output:

Explanation of Python Code:

F(x, y) and G(x, y): Functions for iterating over x and y.

fixed_point_system: Performs the iteration until the changes in x and y are smaller than
the tolerance.

Initial guess: x0=0.5, y0=0.5.

The result is the solution to the system of equations.


CONVERGENCE AND STOPPING CRITERIA

Stopping Condition:

The iteration stops when the differences between successive approximations are
smaller than the tolerance:

∣xn+1 − xn∣< tolerance and ∣yn+1 − yn∣ < tolerance

Convergence:

If the function satisfies the convergence criteria (3), the solution will be
approximated.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Advantages:

● Simple to implement.
● Can be used for complex non-linear systems when analytical solutions are
difficult.

Disadvantages:

● Convergence is not guaranteed for all systems or initial guesses.


● Requires careful selection of the iteration functions
CONCLUSION

Summary:

● Fixed-Point Iteration provides an efficient way to solve systems of nonlinear


equations.
● The key is transforming the system into appropriate iterative functions.
● Python makes it easy to implement and test such methods.

Final Thought: Fixed-Point Iteration is a powerful but sensitive method—careful


formulation and convergence checks are essential for success.
THANK YOU!

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