Scribd
Upload
30 views7 pages

P8 Drives

The document outlines the principles and applications of various power transmission drives, focusing on mechanical drives such as belt, chain, and gear drives. It describes the methods of drive, including individual and group drives, and details the components involved in power transmission. The advantages and disadvantages of each drive type are also discussed, along with their specific applications in different industries.

Uploaded by

Mittal Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
30 views7 pages

P8 Drives

The document outlines the principles and applications of various power transmission drives, focusing on mechanical drives such as belt, chain, and gear drives. It describes the methods of drive, including individual and group drives, and details the components involved in power transmission. The advantages and disadvantages of each drive type are also discussed, along with their specific applications in different industries.

Uploaded by

Mittal Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

L.D.

College of Engineering Ahmedabad


Mechanical Engineering Department

Practical No.8
Aim: To demonstrate the different arrangement and application of various power
transmission drives.

Introduction
The power is required in various workshop operations. The electricity is main source of power for
machinery. The electricity is converted into mechanical energy by means of an electric motor. The
machine uses this mechanical energy to perform various operations.
Drive is an intermediate mechanism which transmits power and motion from the prime mover (or
electric motor) to the machine. The mechanisms which are used to transmit the required motion and
power from one shaft to another shaft are called Mechanical drives. These drives are extensively used
in automobiles, workshops, processing and transport industry.

Mechanical Drives
Use of drives:
• To vary the speed and torque.
• To run several machines by single prime mover.
• To avoid thrust, shocks etc.
Methods of drive
• There are two methods of Drive
1 Individual Drive
2 Group Drive

Individual Drive
In this system, each machine tool has its own electric motor which drives the machine through belt,
chain, gearing or by direct coupling. The system is also called as self-contained drive.

Group Drive
This system uses a high-powered motor which drives an overhead shaft called main shaft by means
of chain or belt. The main shaft runs across the workshop from one end to another end. The main
shaft drives another shaft called counter shaft. Finally, the countershaft drives the group of machines
through belting and pulleys.

Elements of power transmission


The main elements of power transmission system are Nuts, bolts, pins, keys and couplings, etc.
which are provided to hold the two components of machine elements together.

Driving and driven shafts for transmit motion and power from one place to another place.

1
BME (3110006)
L.D. College of Engineering Ahmedabad
Mechanical Engineering Department

Belts, chains, gears are as connectors for transmission of motion and power from driving shaft to
drive shaft.

Axles, bearings, brackets etc. to provide support to other elements of a machine.


Types of mechanical drives

There are mainly three types of mechanical drives


1. Belt drive
2. Chain drive
3. Gear drive
Belt drive
The belts or ropes are used to transmit power from one shaft to another by means of pulleys which
rotate at the same speed or at different speeds. The amount of power transmitted depends upon the
following factors
1. The velocity of belt.
2. The tension under which belt is placed on pulleys.
3. The arc of contact between the belt and the smaller pulley.
Belt drives are one of the common methods used whenever power or rotary motion is required to
transmit between two parallel shafts.
1. Open belt drive
This type of belt drive is used to transmit power when two parallel shaft rotating is same direction.
The portion of belt having high tension called tight side and portion of belt having less tension will
be slack side.
2. Cross belt drive
This drive transmits power when shafts are parallel but rotate in opposite direction. This type of drive
should be used for large distance between two shafts and for lower speed.
3. Quarter turn belt drive
The quarter turn belt drive is also known as right angle belt drive. It is used to transmit power between
two shafts at right angle. When the reverse motion is desired this arrangement is not suitable.
4. Belt drive with Idler pulley
After long time of running the length of belt may be increases, so angle of contact decreased. To
increase it, it is required to increase tension. To increase tension in belt, Idler pulley is used.
5. Fast and Loose pulley drive
This drive is used when it is need to start or stop driven shaft without stopping driver shaft.
The pulley which is keyed to driven shaft is called fast pulley and a loose pulley runs freely over the
machine shaft and not transmitting any power. When the driven shaft is required to be stopped, belt
is pushed on loose pulley by sliding bar.

2
BME (3110006)
L.D. College of Engineering Ahmedabad
Mechanical Engineering Department

6. Stepped or Cone pulley drive


A stepped or cone pulley drive used where different speed are required at driven shaft while driving
shaft runs at constant speed.
7. Compound belt drive
A compound belt drive is used when large speed ratio required and there is large center distance
between two shafts. As shown in fig. 12.15 power is transmitted from pulley 1 to pulley 4 through
intermediate pulley 2 and 3.

Chain drive
Construction of chain drive
Slipping occurs in belt and rope drives. In order to avoid this slipping phenomenon chain drives are
used.
A chain drive consists of three elements
1. Driving sprocket
2. Driven sprocket
3. An endless chain which is wrapped around two sprockets.
Advantages of chain drive
It provides a positive transmission and no chances of slip is there.
It gives a constant velocity ratio.

Applications
It is used in bicycle, motorcycles, agricultural machinery and textile machinery, material handling
equipment
etc.
Types of Chain
1. Hoisting and Hauling chains
2. Conveyor chains
3. Power transmission chains
Hosting and Hauling chain
It used for hoisting and hauling purposes. These are further classified as,
a) Chain with oval links
b) Chain with square links

Gear drive and Friction drive


A gear is a rotating machine part having cut teeth, or cogs, which mesh with another toothed part in
order to transmit toque and power.
In order to transmit a definite power from one shaft to another shaft to the projection on one disc and
recesses on another disc can be made which can mesh with each other.
In early days, friction discs as shown in figure were used for transmitting the power from one shaft
to another shaft. In such a case, the power transmission capacity depends on friction between surfaces

3
BME (3110006)
L.D. College of Engineering Ahmedabad
Mechanical Engineering Department

of two discs. Therefore, this method is not suitable for transmitting higher power as slip occurs
between the discs

Advantages of gear drive


1. It is a positive drive (no slip) i.e. it transmits exact velocity ratio from one shaft to another shaft.
2. It can transmit very large power.
3. High transmission efficiency.
4. It requires less space.
5. This drive is more reliable.

Disadvantages of gear drive


1. Manufacturing cost is high.
2. Maintenance cost is also high due to lubrication requirements.
3. The error in cutting teeth may cause vibrations and noise during operation.
4. It requires precise alignment of shafts.

4
BME (3110006)
L.D. College of Engineering Ahmedabad
Mechanical Engineering Department

5
BME (3110006)
L.D. College of Engineering Ahmedabad
Mechanical Engineering Department

Chain Drive

6
BME (3110006)
L.D. College of Engineering Ahmedabad
Mechanical Engineering Department

Types of Gears

Quiz

1. Discuss the relative merits and demerits of belt, chain and gear drives.
2. Compare: belt drive, Chain drive and gear drive.
3. Explain types of belt drive.
4. Explain in brief (i) worm gears (ii) rack and pinion

7
BME (3110006)

You might also like