3 Project Management

3.1 Cost Estimations

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3.1.1 Functional Point Estimation

GRADE

cco
VALUE

1 Does the system require reliable backup and recovery? 5

a.
2 Are specialized data communications required to transfer 3
information to or from the application?

4
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Are there distributed processing functions?

Is performance critical?
4

0
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5 Will the system run in an existing, heavily utilized operational 5
environment?
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6 Does the system require on-line data entry? 5

7 Does the on-line data entry require the input transaction to be built 4
over multiple screens or operations?
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8 Are the ILFs updated online? 5

9 Are the inputs, outputs, files, or inquiries complex? 2

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10 Is the internal processing complex? 2

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11 Is the code designed to be reusable? 2

12 Are conversions and installations included in the design? 0

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13 Is the system designed for multiple installations in different 5

organizations?

14 Is the application design to facilitate change and for ease of use by 5

the user?

16 | P a g e
 VALUE ADJUSTMENT FACTORS, Σfi = 47

INFORMATION EST. WEIGHING WEIGHING

DOMAIN VALUE COUNT FACTOR COUNT

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1. EXTERNAL 3 4 12
INPUT

cco
2. EXTERNAL 4 5 20

a.
OUTPUT

3. EXTERNAL
INQUIRIES
iy 1 5 5
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4. NUMBER OF 1 10 10
LOGICAL
FILES
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5. EXTERNAL 1 7 7
INTERFACE
FILES
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TOTAL 54
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COMPUTING FUNCTION POINTS:

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FP = COUNT TOTAL * (0.65 + 0.01 * Σfi )

= 54 * (0.65 + 0.01 * 47)

= 60.48

17 | P a g e
 3.1.2 Efforts

The average productivity for this kind of system =6.5 FP/pm

Considering the labour rate=$8000

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Cost per FP = $1230

Total efforts = FP (calculated) / average productivity

= 60.48 /6.5

cco
=9.304 person months

a.
Total cost for the project = Total efforts * labour rate

= 9.304 * 8000

iy = $74432
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18 | P a g e
 3.2 Risk Table

Risks Category Probability Impact Mitigation

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Lack of skill ST 40% 2 External resources might help

Quality not DE 60% 3 Take up steps to maintain

maintained quality at each stage of

cco
development.

Building the wrong CU 30% 1 Early and continuous

a.
product validation is critically
important. You need to

iy establish a clear vision and

solid justification for the
product.
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Size estimates may be PS 50% 2 Past experiences must be
low considered and a similar task
on a smaller scale may be
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attempted

Requirements not CU 50% 1 Regular interaction with the

properly documented customer and getting the
and understood requirements verified before
aial

finalising them

Delivery deadline will BU 40% 2 Review the progress from time

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be tightened to time and take appropriate

steps to keep up with the
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schedule
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1-Catastrophic

2-Critical

3-Marginal

4-Negligible

19 | P a g e
 PD-Process Definition

ST-Staff-size and experience

DE-Development Environment

CU-Customer Characteristics

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BU-Business Impact

PS-Product Size

cco
a.
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20 | P a g e
 3.3 Timeline

Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk 4 Wk 5 Wk 6 Wk 7 Wk 8 Wk 9 Wk 10 Wk 11 Wk 12

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1. Identify Customer
Requirements
Meet with customers
Identify needs and
constraints

cco
Establish Problem
Statement
MILESTONE: Problem

a.
statement defined
2. Define function
behaviour
Identify modules
Define DFDs
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Develop ERDs
MILESTONE: System
Functions defined
3. Estimation
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Function Point Estimation

Efforts Calculation
MILESTONE: Cost Estimated
4. Design Development
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Formulate System
Architecture
Generate Code
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MILESTONE: System Design

developed
5. Testing
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Develop test cases

Calculate cyclomatic
complexity
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Develop flow graph

MILESTONE: Testing
Complete

21 | P a g e
 4 Design Engineering

4.1 Architectural Design

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SEAT RESERVATION
AND UPDATION

cco
a.
RETRIEVE TOTAL COST TICKET SEAT CANCELLATION
AND DISPLAY CALCULATION GENERATION ALLOCATION

iyDISPLAY
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TOTAL COST GENERATE
OF THE TRIP BOARDING PASS
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TAKE DISPLAY DETAILS TAKE USER GENERATE TAKE ACKNOWL-

TRIP OF AVAILABLE DETAILS AND TICKETS AND USER ID EDGEMEN
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PAYMENT USER ID
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 4.2 Data Design

TRIP DETAILS

SOURCE VARCHAR(30)

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DESTINATION VARCHAR(30)

DATE INT

cco
NUMBER OF SEATS INT

CATEGORY CHAR

a.
PLANE NUMBER INT

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TICKET

NAME VARCHAR(30)

SOURCE VARCHAR(30)
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DESTINATION VARCHAR(30)

DATE INT
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FLIGHT NUMBER INT

ID INT
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CUSTOMER
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NAME VARCHAR(30)

AGE INT

E-MAIL VARCHAR(30)

PHONE LONG

GENDER CHAR

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 ADDRESS VARCHAR(30)

CREDIT CARD NUMBER LONG

BOARDING PASS

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ID INT

SEAT NUMBER INT

cco
a.
4.3 Component Level Design

PSEUDOCODE
iy
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1 int mode, plno;

char pname[10], source[20], dest [20],arr[20],dep[20],ch[250];

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2 reserve()

cout<<"\nEnter details of the passenger: ";

3 cout<<"\nName - ";
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cin.getline(name,20);
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cout<<"\nAddress : ";

cin.getline(addr,20);
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cout<<"\nE-Mail ID : ";
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cin.getline(email,20);

cout<<"\nTelephone no : ";

cin>>phone;

cout<<"\nEnter the date of travelling : ";

cin>>date;

24 | P a g e
 4 while(r)

5 r.getline(ch,250);

cout<<ch<<endl;

end of while

6 cout<<"\n\t1:Domestic\n\t2:International\nEnter the mode:";

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cin>>mode;

7 if(mode==1)

cco
cout<<"\nEnter the plane 1 or 2 or 3 : ";

8 cin>>plno;

a.
9 switch(plno)

10
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case 1: strcpy(pname,"D1");

strcpy(source,"Delhi");
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strcpy(dest,"Mumbai");

strcpy(dep,"10:00");
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strcpy(arrv,"11:00");

break;

case 2: strcpy(pname,"D2");
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11 strcpy(source,"Mumbai");

strcpy(dest,"Kolkata");
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strcpy(dep,"12:00");
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strcpy(arrv,"13:15");

break;
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12 else if(mode==2)

13 cout<<"\nEnter the plane 1 or 2 or 3 : ";

cin>>plno;

14 switch(plno)

case 1: strcpy(pname,"I1");

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 15 strcpy(source,"Mumbai");

strcpy(dest,"London");

strcpy(dep,"00:30");

strcpy(arrv,"10:30");

break;

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case 2: strcpy(pname,"I2");

16 strcpy(source,"Delhi");

cco
strcpy(dest,"Paris");

strcpy(dep,"03:20");

a.
strcpy(arrv,"13:20");

17
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randomize();
break;
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pword=random(100);

cout<<"\nYour reservation number is:\t"<<pword;

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 5 Testing

TEST CASES

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cco
TEST NAME ADDRESS EMAIL ID PHONE DATE MODE PLANE PASSWORD EXPECTE
CASE NUMBER D
ERROR

a.
1 sahil 100, id1@yahoo. 1111111 3 1 1 131 ---
west_encl co.in

2 vikash iy
ave
delhi

16,umanr id2@yahoo. 11156711 6 1 2 145 ---

un
oad,harya co.in
na

3 Aditya D- id3@yahoo. 7894691 4 1 3 94 ---

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45/34,sec co.in
tor6,delhi
aial

4 Nikhil B220,vive id4@yahoo. 11168999 9 2 1 153 ---

k_vihar co.in
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5 Varun paharganj, id5@yahoo. 19873361 8 2 2 48 ---

uttar_prad co.in
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esh
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6 rashika Andhra_pr id6@yahoo. 19078531 6 2 3 67 ---

adesh co.in

7 abc 100,uman id7@yahoo. 13478549 9 4 Mode can

road,chan co.in be either
digarh 1 or 2

27 | P a g e
 8 Omn 56,umanr idabc@yah 1117890 1 7 Plane
oad,himac oo.co.in number
hal should be
either 1
or 2 or 3

9 suhas 80,umanr isfghkljhgfd 1111111 2 Email id

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oad,ch-17 ddsabc@ya cannot be
hoo.co.in greater
than 30
character

cco
10 Ankit 100,uman, ida23c@ya 2345678 Address
Chennai, hoo.co.in must be
Tamil less than
Nadu 30

a.
character
and
should

iy not have
white
spaces.
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11 Abc Gaziabad, idabc@yah 11111112 Phone
u.p oo.co.in 22222222 number
22444445 cannot be
555555 greater
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than 30
character

12 Kmn 100,uman ida0c@yah 1111111 Name

road,ch- oo.co.in cannot be
aial

17 greater
than 30
character
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13 Xyz tamil_nad idab@yaho 33341111 3/4/ Exclude

u,india o.co.in 12 month
utot

and year
from date
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28 | P a g e
 FLOW GRAPH

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3

cco
4

a.
5

iy 6
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7
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8 12

9
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13
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10 11
14
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17
15 16
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29 | P a g e
 CALCULATING CYCLOMETIC COMPLEXITY

P=4

E = 20

N = 17

R=5

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WHERE P = NO OF PREDICATE NODES

E = NO. OF EDGES

N = NO. OF NODES

cco
R = NO. OF REGIONS

CYCLOMATIC COMPLEXITY = E-N+2

a.
= 20-17+2

OR
=5

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CYCLOMATIC COMPLEXITY = P+1

= 4+1
slsD

=5

OR

CYCLOMATIC COMPLEXITY = R
aial

=5
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TTu

30 | P a g e
 6 References

 https://www.tutorialsduniya.com
 Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach by Roger S. Pressman

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 An Integrated Approach to Software Engineering by P. Jalote
 https://www.tutorialsduniya.com

cco
a.
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