GLOBALIZATION

Derived from the word globalize which refers to the emergence of an international network of
economic systems.
Process of interaction and integration among the people.
ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
The product are also available in other countries because of globalization
MILITARY GLOBALIZATION
Embodies the growing extensity and intensity of military relations among the political units of
the world system.
ROBERT KEOHANE AND JOSEPH NYE
Long distance network of interdependence in which force, and the threat and promise of force
are employed.
STEPHEN STAPLES(200)
“Globalization and militarism should be seen as two sides of the same coin”.
“Many writers and researches documented the declined in human rights, social justice,
environmental standards, and democracy caused by globalization”
GLOBALIZATION AND CULTURE
The transmission of ideas, meanings, and values around the world in such a way to extend and
intensify social relations.
DAVID VOLODZKO(2015)
He said putonghua and english are pushing many minority language to the brink of extinction.
DAVID SCHIMER
He said that to draw conclusions about the consequences of increasing connectivity, we need to
provide information about processes that span a vast scale of space and time.
POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION
Through globalization, political issues such as the rights of women and children are now
currently often discussed.
MOHAMMAD ABO GAZLEH(2001)
Wrote a document entitled “Globalization and politics: The effects of globalization in human life
aspects”
TECHNOLOGICAL GLOBALIZATION
As through our technology today, the process of globalization is now taking place much faster.
FACEBOOK is one of the tools of globalization
With modern technologies such as modern airplane global travel has never been easier.
Global Economy
The word economy or global economy is the economy of all humans of the world,referring to the
global economic system.
Hans Rosling the swedish statistician once said, “The 1 to 2 billion poorest in the world who
don’t have food for the day suffer from the worst disease,globalization deficiency .
Ecomic and trade globalization is the result of companies trying to outmaneuver their
competitors .
Paul Krugman , “The Bangladeshi apparel industry is going to consist of what we would
consider sweatshops or it won’t exist at all. And Bangladesh, in particular, really really needs its
apparel industry. It’s pretty much the only thing keeping its economy afloat.”
Opponents of economic globalization called the outsourcing of jobs as exploitation and
oppression, a form of economic colonialism that puts profits before people.
Awareness is the first step to improvement.
Yunus (2012) “In my experience, poor people are the world’s greatest entrepreneurs. Every day
they must innovate in order to survive.
Microcredit, when it works, allows people to improve their lives by participating in the
economy on their own terms.
GLOBAL INCOME INEQUALITY
Globalization and inequality are closely related.
Two main types of economic inequality:
Wealth inequality
Income inequality
Wealth refers to the net worth of a country. It takes into account all the assets of a nation-may
they be natural,physical and human- less the liabilities.
Wealth inequality speaks about distribution of assets.
Income is the new earnings that are constantly being added to the pile of a country’s wealth.
Branko Milanovic (2011) An economist who specializes in global inequality, explained all this
by describing an “economic big bang” wherein the Industrial Revolution caused the differences
among countries.
Richard Freeman (2011) “The triumph of globalization and market capitalism has improved
living standards for billions while concentrating billions among the few”
First world- western capitalist
Second world- the soviet unions and its allies
Third world-non alliance countries
Ritzer (2015), “At the global level, whites are disproportionately in the dominant North, while
blacks are primarily in the south although this is changing with South-to-North migration”
Modernization theory argues that the tension between tradition and technological change is the
biggest barrier to growth.
Traditional stage this refers to societies that are structured around small, local communities
with production typically being done in family settings.
Take-off stage people begin to use their individual talents to produce things beyond the
necessities.
High mass consumption it is when your country is big enough that production becomes more
about wants than needs.
Modernization theory, in general, argues that if you invest capital in better technologies, they
will eventually raise production enough that there will be more wealth to go around and overall
well-being will go up.
Dependency theory emerged in the mid-20th century as a critical framework to understand the
persistent underdevelopment of Latin America, rooted in historical patterns of colonialism and
exploitation.
HANS SCHATTLE He teaches political science and international relations
THE MAIN ISSUE
Economy(market)
Politics(state)
Social(society)
STATE
Max Weber- compulsory political organization with continuous operation will be called a state
if and in so far as its administrative staff successfully uphold a claim to the monopoly of the
legitimate use of physical force of the enforcements of its order.
HEDLEY BULL- state as independent political communities that posesses a government and
assert sovereignty in relations to a particular portion of the earth’s surface and particular segment
of a human population
4 ELEMENTS OF STATE
People
Territory
Government
Sovereignty
NATION VS. STATE
Ernest Gellner- nationalism hold that the political and the national unit should be congruent.
NEOLIBERALISM- a modified term of liberalism.
TRENDS OF NEOLIBERALISM
Washington consensus-emphasize on deregulation, privatization and free trade
Golden Straight jacket -state are force into policies that suits the preferences of the companies.
Electronic herd-Treat whole countries the same way.
STATE- independent political communities
INTERSTATE-a system of unequally powerful and competing states.
UN has 192 member states
WORLD BANK an international development organization owned by 187 countries.
MARKET INTEGRATION
Market-differ in the extent of integration and, therefore, there is a variation in their degree of
efficiency.
Integration -shows the relationship of firms in a market.
Market Integration -refers to a situation in which the prices of related goods and services sold in
a defined geographical locations also begin to move in some sort of similar pattern to one
another.