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T A A U: HE RAB Merican Niversity

The document outlines an experiment focused on the analysis and design of first and second order passive filters, specifically low pass and high pass filters. It includes objectives, required apparatus, theoretical background on filter types, and detailed procedures for conducting the experiment. The experiment aims to determine cutoff frequencies, bandwidths, and the characteristics of various passive filters using provided circuit configurations.

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llq240
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14 views7 pages

T A A U: HE RAB Merican Niversity

The document outlines an experiment focused on the analysis and design of first and second order passive filters, specifically low pass and high pass filters. It includes objectives, required apparatus, theoretical background on filter types, and detailed procedures for conducting the experiment. The experiment aims to determine cutoff frequencies, bandwidths, and the characteristics of various passive filters using provided circuit configurations.

Uploaded by

llq240
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE ARAB AMERICAN UNIVERSITY

Experiment NO #
9
Objective:
I. Analysis and design of first and second order passive filters.
II. Examine the characteristics of low pass filter.
III. Examine the characteristics of High pass filter.

Apparatus Required:
- Digital Multimeter.
- Signal Generator.
- Oscilloscope.
- Components (Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors, Cables and Breadboard).

Theory and Background:

Basically, filters are electrical circuits designed to let frequency ranges of an


electrical signal to pass while reject unwanted frequency. Passive filters are
made up of passive elements like capacitors, inductors, and resistors and so,
it has no gain.
Filters are named according to their frequency range that they allow to pass
through them. In this lab we will study 4-types of passive filters which are: -

1- LPF (Low –Pass- Filter): this filter allows low frequency from 0 up to its
cutoff frequency to pass through it, while reject other high frequency.
Fig 1 shows the frequency response of LPF.

Figure 1: Frequency response of LPF

1
2- HPF (High – Pass - Filter): this filter allows high frequency started from
its cutoff frequency to pass through it, while reject other low
frequencies. Fig 2 shows the frequency response of HPF.

Fig 2: Frequency response of HPF

3- BPF (Band -Pass – Filter): By connecting or “cascading” together a


single Low Pass Filter circuit with a High Pass Filter circuit, we can
produce another type of passive RC filter that passes a selected range
or “band” of frequencies that can be either narrow or wide while
attenuating all those outsides of this range. This new type of passive
filter arrangement produces a frequency selective filter known
commonly as a Band Pass Filter (BPF).

One simple use for these types of passive filters is in audio amplifier
applications or circuits such as in loudspeaker crossover filters or pre-
amplifier tone controls. Sometimes it is necessary to only pass a
certain range of frequencies that do not begin at 0Hz, (DC) or end at
some upper high frequency point but are within a certain range or
band of frequencies, either narrow or wide.

2
Fig 3: Frequency response of BPF

Experiment Procedure:
3
Part One: LPF and HPF

1.Connect the circuit shown below.

2. Determined cutoff frequency of the filter (Fc , Fc


calculation ).
practical

3. Fill table 1.

Table (1):
Freq |Vin| |Vin| |VR| |VR| |VC| |VC| Ө Ө
. By on Lab By on Lab By on Lab By on Lab
(Hz)
Multisim Multisim Multisim Multisim
500
1k
2k
5k
10k
20k

4. Determined how this filter works as LPF or HPF.

5. Determine Band width if the filter works as LPF or HPF.

6. Plot |VR| vs Freq.

4
7. Plot |VC| vs Freq.

8. Discuss the drawings.

Part Two: BPF

9.Connect the circuit shown below.


L C

333mH
33nF

Vin
R 1kΩ

10. Determined center frequency of the filter (Fc calculation, Fc


practical).

11. Determined Band width.

12. Fill table 2.


Table (2):
Freq. |Vin| |Vin| |VR| |VR| |VL| |VL| |VC| |VC| Ө
(Hz) By on Lab By on Lab By on Lab By on Lab (o)
Multisim Multisim Multisim Multisim on Lab
500
1k
2k
5k
10k
30k

13. Plot |VR| vs Freq.

5
14. Discuss the drawing.

Conclusion and Analysis:

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