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Data Communications and Networks

The document provides an overview of data communications and networks, defining key terms and characteristics such as delivery, accuracy, and jitter. It outlines the fundamental components of data communication, the direction of data flow, and the criteria for network performance, reliability, and security. Additionally, it categorizes different types of networks, including LANs, WANs, and MANs, highlighting their geographical scope and connectivity.

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Martha Chase
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93 views16 pages

Data Communications and Networks

The document provides an overview of data communications and networks, defining key terms and characteristics such as delivery, accuracy, and jitter. It outlines the fundamental components of data communication, the direction of data flow, and the criteria for network performance, reliability, and security. Additionally, it categorizes different types of networks, including LANs, WANs, and MANs, highlighting their geographical scope and connectivity.

Uploaded by

Martha Chase
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DATA

COMMUNICATIONS AND
NETWORKS
Data Communications
2

◻ The term telecommunication means


communication at a distance. The word data
refers to information presented in whatever
form is agreed upon by the parties creating
and using the data. Data communications are
the exchange of data between two devices via
some form of transmission medium such as a
wire cable.
Fundamental Characteristics
3

◻ The effectiveness of a data communication


system depend on four fundamental
characteristics:
⬜ Delivery
⬜ Accuracy
⬜ Timelines
⬜ Jitter
Five Components of Data
Communication
4

1. Message
2. Sender
3. Receiver
4. Medium
5. Protocol
Direction of data flow
5

Simplex

Half Duplex

Full Duplex
NETWORKS
A network is a set of devices (often referred to as nodes)
connected by communication links. A node can be a
computer, printer, or any other device capable of sending
and/or receiving data generated by other nodes on the
network. A link can be a cable, air, optical fiber, or any
medium which can transport a signal carrying
information.

1.6
Networks: key issues
7

◻ Network criteria
⬜ Performance
■ Throughput
■ Delay
⬜ Reliability
■ Data transmitted are identical to data received.
■ Measured by the frequency of failure
■ The time it takes a link to recover from a failure
⬜ Security
■ Protecting data from unauthorized access
Terminology
8

◻ The throughput or bandwidth of a channel is


the number of bits it can transfer per second

◻ The latency or delay of a channel is the time


that elapses between sending information and
the earliest possible reception of it
Network topologies
9

◻ Topology defines the way hosts are connected


to the network
Network topology issues
10

a goal of any topology

1. high throughput (bandwidth)

2. low latency
Categories of Topology
11
Types of Networks
15-1
2

◻ Local-area network (LAN) A network that


connects a relatively small number of
machines in a relatively close geographical
area
Figure 1.10 An isolated LAN connecting 12 computers to a hub in a closet

1.13
Types of Networks
15-1
4

◻ Wide-area network (WAN) A network that


connects two or more local-area networks over
a potentially large geographic distance
Often one particular node on a LAN is set up to serve
as a gateway to handle all communication going
between that LAN and other networks
Communication between networks is called
internetworking
The Internet , as we know it today, is essentially the
ultimate wide-area network, spanning the entire globe
Figure 1.11 WANs: a switched WAN and a point-to-point WAN

1.15
Types of Networks
15-1
6

◻ Metropolitan-area network (MAN) The


communication infrastructures that have been
developed in and around large cities

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