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DRRM

Disasters are sudden events causing significant harm to life and property, classified into natural and man-made categories. The effects range from minor damage to total destruction, impacting communities differently based on geographical and socio-economic factors. Disaster risk is determined by the interplay of hazards, vulnerability, and coping capacity, with man-made disasters further categorized into technological, terrorism-related, and complex humanitarian emergencies.

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17 views3 pages

DRRM

Disasters are sudden events causing significant harm to life and property, classified into natural and man-made categories. The effects range from minor damage to total destruction, impacting communities differently based on geographical and socio-economic factors. Disaster risk is determined by the interplay of hazards, vulnerability, and coping capacity, with man-made disasters further categorized into technological, terrorism-related, and complex humanitarian emergencies.

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ilacad1607philip
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DRRM

Disaster is a "sudden, calamitous occurrence that causes great harm, injury, destruction, and
devastation of life and property."

Disaster causes both physical and emotional stress such as intense feeling of helplessness and
hopelessness.

2 Elements are effected

1. Life (human/ animal


2. property

Effects of Disaster

1. Minor Damage
2. Major Damage
3. Total destruction

Effects of Disaster

1. Minor Damage- broken windows and doors


2. Major Damage- torn rooftops, collapsed walls
3. Total Destruction- completely destroyed housed and structures rendering them useless and
inhabitable.

"Disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread


human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts."

-Food and Agriculture Organization

CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTERS

2 CATEGORIES OF DISASTER

1. Natural

2. Man-made

1. Natural Disasters- natural phenomenon that is caused by natural forces, such as earthquakes,
typhoon, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, fires, tornados, and extreme temperatures.

2.Man-made Disasters-disasters caused by man intentional/ unintentional

The damage caused by disaster cannot be measured. It also differs with the kind of geographical
location, climate, earth's specific characteristics, and level of vulnerability. These determining factors
affect generally the psychological, socio - economic, political, and ethnical state of the affected area.

Risk is defined as "the combination of the probability of an event and its negative consequences"
(UnISDR, 2009).

The term risk is thus multidisciplinary and is used in a variety of contexts. It is usually associated with
the degree to which humans cannot cope (lack of capacity) with a situation (e.g. natural hazard).

The term disaster risk refers to the potential (not actual and realized) disaster losses, in lives, health
status, livelihoods, assets, and services which could occur in a community or society over some
specified future time period.

Disaster risk is the product of the possible damage caused by a hazard due to the vulnerability within a
community. It should be noted that the effect of a hazard (of a particular magnitude) would affect
communities differently (Von Kotze, 199935)

It can also be determined by the presence of three variables: hazards (natural or anthropogenic);
vulnerability to a hazard; and coping capacity linked to the reduction, mitigation, and resilience to the
vulnerability of a community

3 CATERORIES OF MAN-MADE DISASTER.

1. Technological/ Industrial Disaster

2. Terrorism/ Violence

3. Complex humanitarian
emergencies

1. Technological/ Industrial Disaster-unregulated industrialization and inadequate safety standards


increase the risk for industrial disasters.

Example:

leaks of hazardous materials accidental explosions

Bridge or road collapses

Vehicle collisions

Power cuts

2. Terrorism/ Violence

The threat of terrorism has also increased due to the spread of technologies involving nuclear,
biological, and chemical agents used to develop weapons of mass destruction.

Example:

Bombs or explosions

Release of chemical materials

Release of biological agents Multiple or massive shootings mutinies

Complex Humanitarian
3.Emergencies- humanitarian emergency resulting from an international or civil war. In such situations,
large numbers of people are displaced from their homes due to the lack of personal safety and the
disruption of basic structure including food distribution, water, electricity, and sanitation, or
communities are left stranded and isolated in their own homes unable to access assistance.

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