UNIT-III

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

Part-A
1. How many steps involved in Iot Design Methodology
a) 10
b) 9
c) 8
d) 7
2. Microcontroller like
a)Motorola 68HC11,
b)PIC 16F84,
c) Atmel 8051
d)
3. Arduino boards support output supply voltage of:
a. 5V only
b. 3.3 V only
c. 9 V only
d. 5V, 3.3V
4. Arduino UNO supports these numbers of PWM pins
a) 1
b) 5
c) 6
d) 14
5. Arduino setup requires
a) Arduino board and IDE
b) Arduino board, programmer board,IDE
c) Both A and B
d) None
6. An Arduino UNO has following number of analog inputs:
a. 2
b. 4
c. 6
d. 8
7. The number of digital I/O pins in Arduino UNO is:
a. 6
b. 4
c. 8
d. 14
8. Which serial interface is present in Raspberry Pi?
a. I2C
b. SPI
c. UART
d. All
9. Data collected by Raspberry Pi from the sensor can be
a. Processed in Raspberry Pi
b. Sent to other devices connected to the network
c. Used to control/activate other devices in the network
d. All of the above
10. Relay is a kind of:
a. Sensor
b. Actuator
c. Hub
d. Router
11. What is the maximum current drawn from the GPIO pins?
a. 50mA
b. 16mA
c. 23mA
d. None .
12. Python supported library for using the GPIO pins in Raspberry is :
a. Rpi.GPIO
b. b.rpi.GPIO
c. RPi.GPIO
d. None
13. Which of the following is not true for Raspberry PI
a. It is Like a mini computer
b. It is a microcontroller
c. Low cost
d.It can be used without a monitor
14. The Raspberry Pi3 has how many GPIO pins?
a. 20
b. 30
c. 40
d. 50
15. A Raspberry Pi has:
a. An inbuilt OS on the board itself.
b. An OS on a memory card.
c. Both a and b.
d. None of these
16. A microcontroller at-least should consist of:
a) RAM, ROM, I/O ports and timers
b) CPU, RAM, I/O ports and timers
c) CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports and timers
d) CPU, ROM, I/O ports and timers
17. Unlike microprocessors, microcontrollers make use of batteries because they
have:
a) high power dissipation
b) low power consumption
c) low voltage consumption
d) low current consumption
18. What is the most appropriate criterion for choosing the right microcontroller of
our choice?
a) Speed
b) availability
c) ease with the product
d) all of the mentioned
19. Why microcontrollers are not called general purpose computers?
a) Because they have built in RAM and ROM
b) because they design to perform dedicated task
c) because they are cheap
d) because they consume low power
20. Which of the following language is preferred for IoT analytics?
a. Python
b. S
c. R
d. All of the mentioned
Part-B

1. Define Microcontroller
Microcontroller can be thought of as tiny computers that are added to any physical
object or space to give it a ‘brain’. They contain one or more computer processors
along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals-all in a single
integrated circuit.
2. Types of Microcontroller
8 bit Microcontroller
16 bit Microcontroller
32 bit Microcontroller
64 bit Microcontroller
3. Define System on Chips (SoC)
A system on a chip (SoC ) is an integrated circuit (also known as a "chip") that
integrates all or most components of a computer or other electronic system.
4. Types of Arduino
 Arduino Nano
 Arduino UNO
 Arduino Mega
 Arduino Micro
 Arduino Lillypet
5. Write Two Blocks in Arduino
Void setup ()
Whatever code you type inside the setup whenever you run the Arduino it will
execute only once,whenever the Arduino starts or is resetted.
Void loop ()
It will execute continuously until you stop the program.
Statements in this block starts to run after “setup” and runs infinitely until the
arduino is turned off.
6. Define Arduino IDE
 Includes a code editor,compiler and uploader to upload programs to a board.
  This runs on Widows,Mac OS,Linux
 A program written with IDE for Arduino is called a Sketch.
 Programmed in C language
 Very simple
 Provides many abstraction for simplicity of reading and writing powerfull
applications
 Provides a serial monitor to see the serial data from the USB virtual COM
port
 Allows one click compiling , verification and burning of code onto the
arduino

7. Define Raspberry PI
Raspberry is mainly called as credit card size or Mini computer. Why they called
so because how you’re desktop and laptop works .All functions is done by your
Raspberry PI.But comparing to desktop and computer the memory is less in
raspberry PI.
8. Types of Raspberry PI
 Model A
 Model B
 Model B2 or Model B+
 Model PI 2
 Model PI 3
 PI ZERO
9. Advantages of Raspberry Pi
 Smaller in size
 Drawless Power
 Noise Free
 Low cost
 Used for Multipurpose
 List out the Various Distributions available on Raspberry Pi
 Raspbian “wheezy”
 XBMC
 Fire Fox OS
 Qt on Pi
 Arch Linux ARM
  Fidora on Raspberry P
 Android 2.3

10. Difference between Arduino and Raspberry PI

An Arduino is a microcontroller motherboard. A microcontroller is a simple
computer that can run one program at a time, over and over again. ... A Raspberry
Pi is a general-purpose computer, usually with a Linux operating system, and the
ability to run multiple programs.

11. List out the advantages of SOC

• Power saving, space saving and cost reduction
• Much more efficient as systems as their performance is maximized per watt
• Minimize the latency
• Speed up the data transmission process
• Divide size

12. Write down the applications of SOC

– Mobile
– M2M Communication
– Real time location finding tags
– Smart meters
– Wireless sensor devices
– Home automation
– Health care devices and equipments
13. Write the ten steps involved in IOT System Design Methodology
14. Write down the services involved in Service Specification
Mode Service is a service which tells you AUTO or Manual
State Service is a service which tells you ON/OFF
Controller Service
In auto mode you take the information from the database and you react.
In Manual mode we do something and store into the database which is given

15. What are the building blocks of Iot system?

 Sensors
 Processors
 Gateways
 Applications

16. Define Arduino

• Arduino is an open-source physical computing platform
• It is a small microcontroller board with a USB plug
• Easy-to-use hardware and software
• It is programmed in Arduino Programming language(APL) similar to C/C++
• The Arduino is a microcontroller development platform(not a
microcontroller….)
• It is the winner of “worlds best interaction award 2012” sponsored by
google

17. Write down the steps involved in Arduino

• Open the IDE
 • Write code and logic
• Click the verify/compile button to check your program for errors
• Attach the arduino via USB to the PC
• Install drivers if first time
• Setup serial port being used.
• Setup board which we need to program.
• Click upload code to send code to arduino

18. Explain the Features of the Arduino UNO:

 Microcontroller: ATmega328
 Operating Voltage: 5V
 Input Voltage (recommended): 7-12V
 Input Voltage (limits): 6-20V
 Digital I/O Pins: 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
 Analog Input Pins: 6
 DC Current per I/O Pin: 40 mA
 DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA
 Flash Memory: 32 KB of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
 SRAM: 2 KB (ATmega328)
 EEPROM: 1 KB (ATmega328)
 Clock Speed: 16 MHz

19. What is the most powerful Arduino board?

 Arduino UNO

The UNO is arguably the most popular Arduino. It is powered by an

Atmega328 processor operating at 16MHz, includes 32KB of program
memory, 1KB of EEPROM, 2KB of RAM, has 14 digital I/O, 6 analog
inputs, and both 5V and 3.3V power rails.

20. What are the different types of Arduino boards?

 Features of Arduino Boards

Arduino Board Processor Digital I/O

Arduino Uno 16Mhz ATmega328 14

Arduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 54

 Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 54

Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 20

21. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Arduino?

Advantages and Disadvantages of Arduino
 Not much knowledge required to get started.
 Fairly low cost, depending on shields you need.
 Lots of sketches and shields available.
 No external programmer or power supply needed.
Disadvantages of Arduino are:
 We don't get to get to the know about the microcontroller inside
the Arduino deeply.
 Also if we use Arduino IDE we get limited library. If we use Atmel studio we can
know the microcontroller deeply. ...
 Many people just copy the code from internet without any knowledge about it.

22. Name few applications of Arduino Uno include the following.

 Arduino Uno is used in Do-it-Yourself projects prototyping.
 In developing projects based on code-based control.
 Development of Automation System.
 Designing of basic circuit designs.

23. What is Raspberry PI?

The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a
computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable
little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how
to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It’s capable of doing everything
you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing
high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing
games.

24. What OS should I use for my Raspberry Pi?

Raspbian
Raspbian Is the Best All-Around Operating System

Raspbian is the “official” operating system of the Raspberry Pi and because of

that, it's the one most people will want to start with. Raspbian is a version of Linux
built specifically for the Raspberry Pi.

25. Write down the specifications for various PI Models.

26.Define system on chip (SOC) with an example

Embedded systems are being designed on a single silicon chip called system on
chip. SOC is a new design innovation for embedded system
Ex. Mobile phone.

Part=C

1. Give a brief Note on Arduino UNO

2. With a Neat Diagram, Explain Raspberry Pi Board

3. Explain the steps involved in IoT System Design Methodology

4. Explain the Building Blocks of IoT System

BUILDING BLOCKS of IoT

Four things form basic building blocks of the IoT system –sensors, processors,
gateways, applications. Each of these nodes has to have its own characteristics in
order to form an useful IoT system.

Figure 1: Simplified block diagram of the basic building blocks of the IoT

Sensors:

 These form the front end of the IoT devices. These are the so-called
“Things” of the system. Their main purpose is to collect data from its
surroundings (sensors) or give out data to its surrounding (actuators).
 These have to be uniquely identifiable devices with a unique IP address so
that they can be easily identifiable over a large network.
 These have to be active in nature which means that they should be able to
collect real-time data. These can either work on their own (autonomous in
nature) or can be made to work by the user depending on their needs (user-
controlled).
  Examples of sensors are gas sensor, water quality sensor, moisture sensor,
etc.

Processors:

 Processors are the brain of the IoT system. Their main function is to process
the data captured by the sensors and process them so as to extract the
valuable data from the enormous amount of raw data collected. In a word,
we can say that it gives intelligence to the data.
 Processors mostly work on real-time basis and can be easily controlled by
applications. These are also responsible for securing the data – that is
performing encryption and decryption of data.
 Embedded hardware devices, microcontroller, etc are the ones that process
the data because they have processors attached to it.

Gateways:

 Gateways are responsible for routing the processed data and send it to proper
locations for its (data) proper utilization.
 In other words, we can say that gateway helps in to and fro communication
of the data. It provides network connectivity to the data. Network
connectivity is essential for any IoT system to communicate.
 LAN, WAN, PAN, etc are examples of network gateways.

Applications:

 Applications form another end of an IoT system. Applications are essential

for proper utilization of all the data collected.
 These cloud-based applications which are responsible for rendering the
effective meaning to the data collected. Applications are controlled by users
and are a delivery point of particular services.
 Examples of applications are home automation apps, security systems,
industrial control hub, etc.

In Figure 2, the extreme right block forms the application end of the IoT system.
 Figure 2: Basic building blocks of IoT

In a nutshell, from the figure we can determine that the information gathered by the
sensing node (end node) is processed first then via connectivity it reaches the
embedded processing nodes that can be any embedded hardware devices and are
processed there as well. It then passes through the connectivity nodes again and
reaches the remote cloud-based processing that can be any software and is sent to
the application node for the proper applied usage of the data collected and also for
data analysis via big data.

5. Discuss the Interfaces and Raspberry Pi with Python Programming