Science 8

Science – Grade 8
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Physical States of Matter and Their
Properties First Edition, 2020

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Ligaya A. Gasulas

Editor: Jeric N. Estaco
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(Technical): Rowena T. Tiempo
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Jean Rean M. Laurente
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Science 8
Quarter 3

Self-Learning Module 1
 Physical States of
Matter and
Their Properties

Introductory Message

For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 8 Self-Learning Module on Physical States of Matter and Their
Properties!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning material while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills that you
will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts and skills that
you already know about a previous lesson.
Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the entire module.

EXPECTATIONS

This module is made for you to learn more about physical states of matter and
their properties. This will lead you to explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases
based on the particle nature of matter.
This module is about identifying and describing the classification of matter based
on its physical state: solids, liquids, and gases.
After going through his module, you are expected to:
1. identify and describe common properties of solids, liquids, and gases.
2. distinguish properties of matter from those of non-matter.
3. appreciate the importance of learning properties of matter.

PRETEST
Read and write the letter of the correct answer.

1. Three states of matter exist - solid, liquid, and gas. Each has its own unique set of
physical properties. Which of the following is highly compressible?
A. Gas
B. Liquid
C. Matter
D. Solid

2. Unlike a liquid, a solid object does not flow to take on the shape of its container,
nor does expands to fill the entire volume available to it like a gas. Which of the
following are the common properties of solid?

A. It has no definite shape or volume.

B. It has definite shape and no definite volume.
C. It has a definite volume, but take the shape of the container.
D. It is characterize by tructural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or
volume.

3. Matter is anything that occupy space and has mass. Which of the following is an
example of matter?
A. heat
B. light
C. smoke
D. sound
4. Non-matter includes the light from the torch, the heat from the fire, and the sound
of a police siren. Which of the following statements describes non-matter?

A. You cannot hold, taste, or smell these things.

B. They are type of matter that are also forms of energy.
C. Anything that occupy space and do not have a definite mass.
D. Everything that exists and can be classed as either a type of matter or a form of
energy.

5. The states of matter were distinguished based on qualitative differences in their

common properties. Which among the choices is NOT the reason why learning about the
properties of matter is important?
A. The main phases of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
B. Physical properties are used to observe and describe matter.
C. Scientists need to know and understand common properties and characteristics of
matter to make calculations.
D. The main physical characteristics of matter are mass, volume, weight, density,
odor, and color. These are the characteristics that help us to see matter, feel matter,
and taste matter.

RECAP
 In grade 7, you have learned classification of matter. You learned that matter can
be classified as pure substances and mixtures. Pure substances such as elements and
compounds have uniform composition throughout. Mixtures contain two or more
components / substances that may be classified into homogeneous or heterogeneous
depending on the size of the components present on it. Recall your chemistry in grade
7, then fill in the diagram with a correct answer.

Figure 1: Classification of Matter

LESSON

Everything that exists can be classed as either a type of matter or a form of

energy. Matter is anything that occupy space and has mass. The measure of the space
occupied by an object is called volume. The mass of an object is a measure of the
amount of matter the object has. Three states of matter exist: solid, liquid, and gas.
Each has its own unique set of physical properties.

a. Solids have a definite shape and volume. Solids are characterized by structural
rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume. Unlike a liquid, a solid object
does not flow to take on the shape of its container, nor does expands to fill the entire
volume available to it like a gas. Most metals exist as solids at room temperature.
b. Liquids have definite volume, but no definite shape (takes the shape of its
container). Liquids flow because particles are free to move but are still attracted to each
other.
c. Gases have no definite shape or volume. Gas is the state in which matter
expands to occupy the volume and shape of its container. Gases have low Density
which contain scattered molecules that are dispersed across a given volume. Particles
of gases move in random motion with little or no attraction to each other. Gases are
highly compressible.
 Figure 2: Sample solid, liquid, and gas

Non-matter is not a type of matter but form of energy. Non-matter includes the
light from the torch, the heat from the fire, and the sound of a police siren. You cannot
hold, taste, or smell these things.

Other Properties of Matter includes hardness, texture, color, flexibility,

malleability, and electrical conductivity which vary from one sample to another. To
understand more about common properties of matter, do activity 1,2 and 3 correctly.

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: What’s Inside the House?

Objectives:
At the end of this activity, you should be able to identify and describe common
properties of solids, liquids, and gases.

Directions:
There are so many things inside the house? Can you identify which are solids,
liquids, and gases? List 5 things under the appropriate column in table 1.

Table 1. Physical States of Matter

 What’s inside the house? Solids Liquids Gases

Figure 3. Matter in the house

Closure:
Matter can exist in one of three main states: solid, liquid, or gas. Each has its own
unique set of physical properties. Describe the common properties of the three states of
matter. Fill in the blank with solids, liquids, and gases.
1. _________ are highly compressible.
2. _________ have no definite shape or volume.
3. _________ retain their size and shape without a container.
4. _________ are substances that flow and keep the shape of the container.
5. _________ are characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of
shape or volume.
6. _________ are hard, malleable, and conducts electricity.
7. _________ have definite volume, but no definite shape because it takes the shape
of its container.
 Activity 2: Which is Matter, Which is Not?
Objective:
At the end of this activity, you should be able to distinguish properties of matter
from those of non-matter.

Directions:
There are many things around us. Observe things outside the house. Can you
identify which are matter and which are not? Put a check under the appropriate column
in table 2. You may state the reason of identifying matter or non-matter. Number 1 is
done for you.

Table 2. Identifying Which is Matter

Outside the Matter Nonmatter Properties

house
1. Stones ✓ Hard, it occupies space and has mass.

2. Face mask

3. Cable wires

4. Alcohol

5. water

6. Air

7. Rainbow

8. Heat

9. Coronavirus

10. Sunlight

Guide Questions
Write your answer of each question in a separate sheet of paper or notebook.
1. What similarities do you observe among the first six given samples?
2. Does each sample have a measurable mass?
3. Do you think that each sample occupies space?
4. How about air? Does it have mass?
5. Do you think that heat, sound, and sunlight have mass? Do they occupy space?
 WRAP-UP

Three states of matter exist: solid, liquid, and gas. Each has its own unique set of
physical properties. To summarize the content of your lesson for today, fill in 1-5 with
the following terms: directions, flow, shape, compressed, and volume.

Solids Liquids Gases

• Have a definite (1)_____. • Have no definite • Have no definite shape

shape.

• Have a definite volume • Have a definite •Have no definite volume

(3) ____________.

• Cannot be compressed • Cannot be • Can be (4) ____________

compressed

• Do not (2) _________. • Flow and take the • Flow and spread in all (5)
shape of the container ___________ to fill the
container.

Everything that exists can be classed as either a type of (6) m_________ or a form
of energy. Non-matter includes the (7) l___________ from the fluorescent lamp, the (8)
h____________ from the stove, and the (9) s__________ of an ambulance siren. You cannot
hold, taste, or smell these things. They are not type of matter but forms of (10)
e_______________.

VALUING

It's important for you to know the properties of matter because all things are
made up of matter. Each type of matter has different physical characteristics and you
need to know and understand these characteristics to make calculations. For example,
if you would like to know the density of a certain type of matter, you would need to
know the mass and the volume of that matter because the density of a substance is the
ratio of its mass and its volume (D= M/V).

The main physical characteristics of matter are mass, volume, weight, density,
odor, and color. These are the characteristics that help us to see matter, feel matter,
and taste matter.

POSTTEST

Read and write the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which among the phases of matter is characterized by structural rigidity and
resistance to changes of shape or volume?
A. Gas
B. Liquid
C. Plasma
D. Solid

2. Three states of matter exist – solid, liquid, and gas. Which of the following are the
common properties of liquid?

A. It has no definite shape or volume.

B. It has definite shape and no definite volume.
C. It has a definite shape, and has definite volume.
D. It has a definite volume, but take the shape of the container.
3. Everything that exists can be classified as either a type of matter or a form of
energy. Which of the following is an example of matter?
A. air
B. heat
C. time
D. sunlight

4. Non-matter are not type of matter but forms of energy. Which of the following
statements describes non-matter?

A. They occupy space and have mass.

B. You cannot hold, taste, or smell these things.
C. They are type of matter that are also forms of energy.
D. Their physical properties are used to observe and describe matter.

5. The main physical characteristics of matter are mass, volume, weight, density,
odor, and color. Why do you need to study physical properties of matter?
A. All things are made of matter.
B. Matter is anything that occupy space and has mass.
C. Matter typically exists in one of three states: solid, liquid, or gas.
D. Properties of matter help you to see matter, feel matter, and taste matter.