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LiC Unit 4 Notes

The document discusses various types of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and their applications in processing physical quantities like voltage and current. It highlights the advantages and disadvantages of different converter types, including accuracy and resolution issues. Additionally, it covers operational principles and the importance of maintaining signal integrity during conversion processes.

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tamilmedia758
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161 views39 pages

LiC Unit 4 Notes

The document discusses various types of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and their applications in processing physical quantities like voltage and current. It highlights the advantages and disadvantages of different converter types, including accuracy and resolution issues. Additionally, it covers operational principles and the importance of maintaining signal integrity during conversion processes.

Uploaded by

tamilmedia758
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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Ape f used to ropresont the physical — quantiles i digital fom whith B hore psorosaecl us chy “coneprttee / psP- = = Alm vorvevscon Advantages | Ai® tenver “the physical quantitvers th diyttal jot is Sloxage. as vor puis ancl procs’ when Yeprcins convenient — for prousscag - 4ramsnuss — § a drgctal aignal ub for mtalien ercly i digitel form: 2 gives bollor qeeeracey Le xecuces — -norsa - Block dioqom of Alp _§_s|p_tonvmalen Schur Lil nLoUrsSO1R Cart G i, par ea a Sande] | Ayal) Anlialias dicy val ae pete 5 RY ol Thansdeuces [ans] Cette = [Ard] SAM Per? Ae aa AIL be o Tr w | q pale | gnccothth r Kaul oa a eal pe J apl_felton obese pitta! binay | & He sat |e) ASP The — analy —ignal —obladiad front the by cut auclra Wesiing jitter Whe ségoal there Eaneplod ata prague Mhan — fuotee Lhe maxtnens — ogecore ce taneducs & — band (netted hore | fo} bond incited — gyal. | $s > ase) — o outpul volbage - k> Sea liagy paclor Ves - Full seakk oP viq ne be bene é]P wet eon ght oh Ves/a with went 8b vrs] 1 6 ..dp => d, > SB da + S88 7 f G» Spe of fealfon of pne: RosoLeeteon We OL the nambor chifjorent anclor ofp values thet out be. yosovtded by Pc toy bee ee vowkution = 2 I: 3 hie BACs ppsotetOs 2 ore Cor) - ay rr ae et te ory 6 apsecl lng prorl oaas ae & o/P Vo Lbage 5 charge oliy dal pot Accuaacy t db OB actual ol voltage lets oxprsssed th pereanbage - es ore parson of the with — expects qd ofp Volterge Conversion _ Tine + a Vinee yegur’s quero fox the convert ° ree’ race as ’ Ah legal tnpu seqnall ‘to : eq e[p sctnal . Sot Hcg Thee : Te he btince o/P of fe One to Aequttced jor the sottl. wrth i yrse of fen value « Vloro bo reece fey * scuid le have goed A uonvertas b miss ory ntoreo forces y cL lowe Step bark wasél sober alepped through ibs (°" bite Aangs « stall pergormmes of comverb> changes wotlk, toncp 2 OF & powe Supply vera blend + Hore. all Ae yadenart yrveunce bar? such ab ophaet 3 gen? o Jina col oxor & mono fonec must 2% spout deat overs Be fell tamp 4 pows? suppl Tenge: poremelae reporssonts the sfobibty ef He corverlin- 4 te an lorivors tort. Tor bretyseos : The — followidy = ee the vevwous ways 0 Jono one. I | | - wongpeled wosistor HAC | | a R- aR sadder | | B. Inverted R- &F adder - it | | | Wargitted Pesstor OAC? : 4 | ihe xogtstor pac * ore 04 the | ancplefaey wet & nolwork IWockeeBg : | ai hod ‘n' no: of Suthehos dy oda) | torhioded Pu pinoy tnpul word - bo a sweteh + Th at bénasey é input ta the yosturne to te referer | thet cb Wortre | yotlage (~Vp)- Th Lhe — btinasey caput b O, Ho 2 tonnecls the Aasiilor 2 ee Around . To fd tho ofp assume all the bun tel ao of closed tonclittong . Mathemratt freee tal “Represon taht fron : War output cubrorh to for an Ideal pP-anyr i giver by , oe ee Vo = Vy Rp 7 Waele) 4 vee (Ve) 4... + Yann) oR oR oR NV: ore Vey + cal Rp oR oR eo Noo 2 Vp fete + et aR Re * eau aR | a2 -n Noes Mee [o ree Oe ea -+a74 Absence. Re = &, Ve [e's oy... +a”] Vo " co Hanser Chayackeyistees : hh 4 Ry -- -- 5 Sat -— 8 Shp - WEVp| HR ~~ | BNR PO det | Wo ! ®O OP! Old ou joo Ol WO mw ital ub put ode. The cerca boxy oul, od velba BO dlaticase. panne “the, ehout ‘uses a negabive pose bive re fovaree voltage - The cashout op -anq? Govorting reeds as wall 8 The = Op- ancp % ééneply current f voltage conver tos. “he polerritay 9 Wo voltage we chosen actordane ith tse type itt ssl . Ne acura & alalclety of, jo «AC depands ort the = aeevasre = Of the yosdlows «sad cat bo used a % on ~invor Hing needa workthg Ww % wo the «= Ueaté - Disadvartbages : Wee Farge of 056 bor values ano A0g uy fox: at 9 bb DAC Aogutres aR, q we, .--° vale. “thus fhe nurrchor of Lik | Hoocasas, Lhe Aarge ef b qos tslante Vales abeveasss - | ) fox bolboy esolulton » the dh put Asefrastey | word doregth tas to ba sarreeesod whith Aegecttes wrele Range of 11 islOrs.. &) Falssecerldn of tors. tsk fan DP ac 3 hot qosccclical - ND The Voltege cleojo autsess dorge rou bor efforts the ALLUREL LLY * R-@R_ deddey _snc/ Voltage Mode R-a2 laddey Adc: Features: Dh R-aR ladder wo =Nalius ef type DAC Uses only Avsibtor ft ve well Sucked for tnbografed areeect Ce) The typical value fR varges fiom of-Sk=lok, OM) The Rar taddler typa One eporates & = Voltage —mteclo « : 4 Corcertl Senet: \ AR ei | AM amie . — ey sper msn) [7 ee 7 3- vl Rep badder pac. 5 t 0 The baxtch -poset fer di dads conscaponc ce i [ ep lanerteg worl —-100. ie fqutvalent Cie Ce 2 an 8 a aR 2 = @R .~8 = 2 ap “The — Vetkexye al nods C és caleeelatel bt plycha “no lwor ke analysis E Ve = —Vex %R ar+ YR The Vee —ve YE x (Bsr) Ve = —Ye A outpet Voltage % gen by , ase gan Np = = 8k (=) x ae “Kz a a & Vo Mas Ves y S a. 2 IC i: Rox bodde Bac for swtkeh poscbfon 00) N aR g . QR Pye WA Son Yo =s = > nh a -, Output vig, vay x? a Np =-[—Ve,\* AR ay . . ( %) ar : “?e . Na - Ves ° % : Advor ourcbag es le Cast to foutld acurrertely & oly 2 vel ¢ of asters as tsacl @. Nurobey of bib cart be exparieted ty aadeluey mos, dackfors of Br Phadavar tages : cnoclts = On — Lonvdtter. ve TE Qe vrvent floods & the ursilors changes 2 toput date Cheeneges « Hance mots — pprway olistpalrort & -produud which carses — heating - ddey OPC Curren} mnt tte ot) ee Ipea fadoley “Type: i eects Jaddey livre = i) tn Ae upvertod R-AR tx postion of M58 ¢ use ae thterch i bk o thas Apps a | 2 The tinpor Louct , aBpee f é | carvan drvicles ag ually at the | |e [® ts the a fy sete of the bir couy th pub coor | CG) The execs — oporates on the pre ep. callecl] a { Seanenieag curvonl = § here "6 ceryork ntode — -R- @R ~— Laddey OAC. | Ceeexdt Ded sam Hy , 3° Syvela ere eee pacect 1g: duweded ot pan adder nae shovorag divisceo of current — for duyitral thpat wosd eto? Operatfon : 3- bk inverted RAR Ladeles lype- Ta be gach put pinay woxd torcrehs jbucteh of thet to ground ox sporting terminal eh which % also af vertiuel ground - froth He o} sorter ds ® the yobs boned , eurvont the lores pocding ie op -areP Sue ak log tat & vonatant * Whoa gut de 8 oe bm be gound § terminals flow 3 b ~o de & af ‘ ~The vent filovo cha to De vegestora [Terra constant Wess to the ilp date, Here lox usa power didsepatvon i avoreled . The Shay capac. coe ok ablk bo re Sloco lowe offers on the performance of the witb. Shue laddex pode Voltages Yomaen constant - " Y Yoctchos for AJA Converters: Switches — corcliols the atignetl flow closing f — oportthg whith ocal> 4D cous ti vo Lveng curalegy aeignals « epoceated by diycto| dtqnals: hese. I~ Tolom Ble Mosret Suet : at lina Vy (-10v) ° at Fe op anep a ‘lp Line A folont pols. VinsrFet sortstor torcitectod b Ue brvor bing two uoreyofancerttacy gate SR flip bleP DA pubs from = MOSFET a Q yoqyitov wride Soles & for malten tp be converted — te art nuntbe + Ty how *& 4? & the bet Si g Reo. % swttehos axa, moarer tawninal ‘a’- ag Q wm kénasy © Uf that @-1 & Q=0- by Jos sh alle datvey pose» oath The coxa bet of the Agytal arc lo line , The div ST 4 on thus bransiloy a , Ore he ty Ue ve faroreee. Vo tag, We , 4 yosis toy Ri N transdlory eg = Tomarhs off fo° ak Uw set Line 3 R, bo the Q% ound Larne whereas Bee Similarly . O Une a0stk Lov CMos thyovtoy swtteh : Xt consists of CMos chverley peededg On op- antp Vo Lbarg a. foltouey cohith devas Ry from very loro oubput vesilerce. ‘ “Whe cteute hg ow post ve ly wih Na. y i wo R= +BY 4 NO) = ov. fe coneplines p the cL crecley epplred at ae loristclasatton put : Arans isto “a, obs 4 Ths B= 0 males “Hy Ot: The output oh lhe. ems tpvartay 4 at ogi 1, that of RY B appliad to resistor R, Trough Ya voltag JolLower + Arel. q Ost the oulput o} te ches verbs & ov cont reeclthg Ti PON Eee R, fb goed Banple_4. “Hoth __Cerueil: ke & held cence santpls its dost A Saunt, an input sigoct\ ancl holels or wet wil the Sopuk ganpled 29%? + Yory use fel % daryoled value. a of cbnuct is Laikal tte facing 4 anatey - % - chigital § pulse voce uncoderlationt systems - p-tharcrel [| e_morey => z : Vy Ne Ct TC Oe ok aie eit! VIB The n-chanreel p. mesres works we jutth g & vordvolled by fhe worctvol voltega Ye ce Sfows he charg - and fu capacitor The ontalog siyral ee Seung fs eth dhatn of €- Mosreg a Viel be app lied b& th got. ‘ tE- MOSFET tuusns oy fo tle thalartareans; cons tart. & appl na torttyo\ Voltas Ye is poclive, te c char of, énput we with a free T= Ro + ‘as. Ro > o]P Acs boriee. of the. may Pelle of the Mosret when oy, Mesos; The cape uclor Yes ye wsSlane “hus fix fp Nog appecns capact'tor cg thn at th. eutpuk 1 the voltegs —follewer Ag. Curcr the dime wher vorctrol Votta Ne B& Xor0 » the E-mosre t B ofp * ; pe we capacs’tor C & Now Fereting the J” put fm paclorue the ve “4 Vollage, follows tannol — ol&chox holds fy # des Voltage cross ct. The tine & : whidh Yo Leeage pe : a eee Aecsren, chat Lapa a’ box to fe put a ta apactter equal ee ; ottap as iste tad 4 aneple yoartt whi ‘ Fume posted Ty of ve dust hetd eer Aeress ap, a te cad th he cl Joos Cod. | Aje__Conven bev : | thpak Voltage Va Ay Ve f ed a Ts Kets oe : ! ‘ —»t vo fh! De ennel The ale conver Loe acteph an antetlay produces ac oeefpert bunaxe, word di,da, .-. dn- Analog trpab Va Vp Ro [pvercee ) oo corcbrol. Lenes wher to Stak in, whet Ue Loman, An ANC has To tell ANC rtsto wit ee i) start : it) Foc : To is contplel i “Types of Anes . Ta apes oe clusifeil bacad ly two groups — acuorelefey tp thee Convenslon ta), te Derek Typo ALCs Doeck Type _ Ane : ; LE wrtporws wits the atntarnally generated a given aurre.logy een ageivertent otgnd “he following one the cepa dint yp « ARC! » i) Flash typs convertor 3) Coarclose tups Converter cortverlore 3) Vacutletng Cas) Saxvo oy 4 t > Suceesscva approximation typ tenveiiler j - oat nator Typa Ane Cr) Flash Type AF ja basa dew He Aorplest foosstlble Alp convoiler gy isk % Hs poskst Apc bape - fi) SL riost expensive. Ane techniques iv) The typical tenvouten dfma i 100m oF y the pusttbox of to autabee raqutved ts PB Pye se wrversian — t 1) (aval Ptagsam: fooles AP PNR NF we ge fens R ty = vas y 3 fine , x8 peo a 7 «Prue > Xa is 2k La ee Yat) ‘hi We 8) : pK ‘ete ave cloflofolofoft|i oO !lo [. SNR te | o} Ol o| o| o | a) Sf eS * ¥lofololofilt{if+ lem [axe * Blolofofifififili] 4 Oo [o SS Stlololili lid ifaly | tbo | Setelolilitiliaf filial ¢ L}o Melt fafa padady thot a¢dat Working “the flash type Ape. consis of 4 yesbltye lrurtley nelworly 'p- op-ancp conreparcalor Cor aht Awe) g£ 4 iB: Be pnucelecy - | At cod noel of te vole cbtv eels | nokwork a Compart son Voltage is aNaflable - \ Baie all, 2 “hy. Nalur , thy wg h nae are of cqual orc yall — atordted a catlabe at has na pekuscert Vig Cpound . | Advantage 5 err | i Ah ohhas abe adver bage. q duiyh speed ae as | ° 3 “ ooo dakus plac vinuallorceous Uy vathen thor | Sequerct ally . ¢ Co s) Typreol tonverséon fener ts toons ws) Coss. FEB Letted by Uke speed Y the compasater f patoxchy incodr tz) By Lustig AWD 686A BT nat puroetty encoder Lonversdo delays of, the © ordes % | dons can he obladed - : | i |Pisad vour tage 3 a D The d&adwarctage of thés ype ef Ane th that the rucnt bo of “comparators uequerved jalnost doubles for xath. adeled bet \ eg: - bck Apc Angutros 3 toneparaloy | 3 Ack Awc yoqubre. 1 oz 4 bck Apc requis Is 4 | fred ace ott | ee The no- % tontparctors — ragee | for op beh ADC. fed) the larger the value Ln, the = mare | tentp dev & be prtorcty anrocdes « appr yerinabion {pa analog digital con cutant code — Anarch Focctewees + oe ) The — duceoaaive Ue nose ewicle ly usedl A) xe uses a Noy tp dtrakegy : a ci) St concep eles n-bil tonvonsier th Aust n--clock ‘ ppas cbels 7 Function — Ofagrant e ’ stork gOS SPR> Sutcoastyg Va, Workda + ) with the owtval of the START command, Ue sar Sethe SB cy=} with «aL othoe hits by xe10 such — that the Leica! ode looo00000. te a 1) The output == Ve of the Onc B& now mperad wi, analog |p Vp ee Has ‘tere 1od uw SAR Oulput “VA xa at Correct Dryrea. Reprcsori ta hieyt different “gbeges to Converscen . The tre Wwput Va tb a Te = Converscin Tiree : Foc 7a). fe d, dg oo. dg Jakot to convent dadétel TCn+1) o/P By ore analog , whet 2 conversion tenet | {> clock puiod no no: of} ths» 0 ipat chayaclarpsltis.” one cortwor Av8r yt load ol vojdhlny yp eulual anole, aly. -_ ° 11 Tk Cele nate rms Adveuckages 2) The Suceesarve, appromdmalden type by ere | versatile g faclet tha al ctl types of AEE UC) he tonvesebo time ts Corstarc fox a géven n- LEE vonvescen « Jcngle dlope ALC * TL consis ys o a Aantp gereretor gq BCD © biicou, routes Al fe Steck , yeaot seqnal & rovieled to ba wurde Ths tocueloe We Yancp gorerxator & . wu vesetted to O'8- Sis Vedado ulpel NORar Ven the postltve humbel © b the tongsarator- peo poatlive thon Ue naegeelt ve Up, output — goss Iaiqyh « : clk Awaledy,, Comyny alor 4 Vo 7 - tour v Ne heteches [Ill Lecocky ©) diver oo : 98GB | veplay i a output / the Yanep gerceralor is applied negative tormtnal of. the comparalor atte high sulput of ths comporalor enables 4 ANP gabe which wows exret to seach te Ue Lowrey ang celbo td ugh outpost stacks the Aanp- The vance Vollages —_goxs pascleve cnbil oueeds the trput — voltage Lhe ¢E axteeds Conpoaratoy — cufouE —_goud loco + Tha dab. any te “ on , ‘ locly ty Me towrlivn © ewnkral . whe col eee cetfe Udbecl 7 * voset fn el ty latch eee ae tee te a yesols yp, veaols — the tocurtoe to on abe ut tanto Md ‘ db polaye cl wine ray ey eee f oder € a clés pla dovter + whic dtu hans Lowtations » D Lhe — vesoleck . olutfon fs fess, Hone fex application a fate 40,000 whith — yeque qutve —roseluteeo af slab . . m)- oe mora 4 thd ADC & not , 2) \eucation & vanep guraralor chit ls time, ence ature Cen Spat vtg sonsittvrg ake couse a dot ef problems - . Daal Slope Axe * incdivert Fools ~ : Dual slo ron vee? neethocl © whch tho onrarlog volloge ga efter ino time parwco out os vo tbage ae tntegrato* and wB ar corevey Lock courte - hort measwed PY Th analog oust of the parte comb lou fbeY Ais of hig thput Empador Ag & a voltage vor pavetot : a slow bet Ths gpacd of ponvers or wv hagh ' pects crbagiee bor Fhe eee teee Derg cont fan lion al oo Operatione: ®) Before dle = sary ctomntanc arrives, the switch swi 6 tontreactod bo Ground gf swa % close tc) Any ofpree Voltage peesonE i Ay Ag g Loreparatoy appease across Cha Hl threshold of tornparalor & achee'voel . te) At Me aretval of te StART eommatd af E=& og te corctvo] — bogie Opens Swe & connects Swi to Va & enccbles the toler Slaceleng sont ZOI0+ tv) The n- stage, wepple courtiy yosofs to 400 afer —teuntthg gules Vv) Theve fore, the aurtet Log Spat Voltage Veg b ta ' t ' ' ' ' Peyilal Output : Aho Front T tg- bt output = ercourk * nh rat a Veo \ na | waveform te clock tins period. 10 th tag sculiel jor 4 x0 of x n clocks pulser. i numbox 0 wourks of vi) th Ou tho — parvo kT Oe catogra tore takes place fos & tree lees eepte wie) Aptsy Ue comrelr bast ok the ond of Tosser & tonerled to epereren VG C¥e)- Therefore . the output vig No hes 9 pooch va Slope ez vied) Ay lrg % Vo negaklye the ourpul of he eontprarer to é posctivs a tw Lortt rel lege ne cn ee boo wound Cx) Howaver, whorl Ve beromos 6 at t=&., the — corctrol Logct Gaus ot End of tenver ssn (EOC) » Output _voevepor™: No Aube q-P, N-uyebs yer 4e— | aT oye Ke puto X20 T= # couch ee oe . —u ded : ‘ clock vob by-ty = courts * clocts Ceme percod tye ty = Neneels. _—_- @) Clock vob The olp Nig 0} Cut dloqsalos , Voz = Ye |vedt - aes fe Avo = - fe Wet Wo = -¥. Vs ve from ty tf bg fee pardod My -¥, Va (te br) + @ front fe & bs Nios -\MeVr (ts- €y) —+@ bomyrote OF @s -) Voc Va (éy-61) - - 17%. (és -ts) Ve (lab = Ve (ta- ts) = ve (ef) The tn pucpatt ayes ef the tole at E bs } Dan dn the onlaleg b “ cae pout! snus Bk Roe trnsteree , Vee os nN & & anymal A propoaterna | we the — Loente reerdiine, vdepen dent’ of RA CET the Adwoucte a. : er) the dial - slope Ane sr tagrbes a fibed tee = (anee eb of &¢ s[B4 Bput sGpal for |pucvides sxeellsnt nod a ajoctton Hshase pracocls are kagreel eae er plio” of EabstyscettO> ‘ue oT: ) Se os acevo £ wst & Loew - Drrad veut tage * . ; ge has & Cong conveyer? Hrag App jeobeer * panel me boyd PD) pegitel iD pr Lefmelers - Ale Conveston use Voltage lo ttre Coriver bey * oy \iiq ty tome Loriverdtort— Cout bo east ly obteared by uscha — No ttage fo fr-equemey tonverlar« Me Be) Ve xecupee cal of Jong worcess » r os : aj! Sy panties 5 = ele LT an A negaltve poulse os usd beige the moras Falele. purltévibraleY f the Jame pule ged te HEE dhs — Lounliot , The ip vis 4 appured te voltage jreguiereug converts pe paocluns Oh ole pulse wroas frog o Lincewly proportional to the t/P- Wher the tug ge & applied to the -rnono skable pucltévt b1alot cbs ofp sje-4* hah fou 0 portiouley temo pascod At Ge Scume fume te cocuctert ataits cocut bing Hes Joule + Ath cE {ey te teme parted the of Jess Low - yunostabl -muttivibsrator ae a Te alah 94 Tavgoor, Wore the - nero} pulses whi & ; H nege bye pout TAY of 9 ah lat cy occured cLurvchey atthed 4 Spe verges een time partod qn Rex fiver, Spor hrca fey b . = Kt Ane. Rosolulion The Rosoleettos % defteed ead! tie xahés charge w Value of put wottage Vee Af peeled to charge the diactol output by 1hS8- Resolution = 9” Rosolution = Vers at Vies > PL Seat ‘fp Via, Conyorscen Jerre: > SER ant bo portant port come fer of Adc > ft & defined as the -olal tune veyuived to convert an ancelery adynal digital oclput +> ct olepoancls aes ace wid f te propagateen dalay ef wus tole wh fle conversion Hechrutgue vomponen ts ' Off set Error: a ee 5 dr ffa The offset err’ a be. ib i i bokwoors the artual Jocalron of i laanschin & YISB- a eras baebtooar . de Gath esroR cb, ths : a 3 rat & las Be arbre! Located of Ax La hanscdian Gg te tea ( soporoliee Nese - &L8B°-

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