MATHEMATICS & STATISTICS (COMMERCE)

SOLUTION : PRACTICE PAPER 1

SECTION – I
2
1. (A) (i) (b) (1  x)3/2  c
3
26
(ii) (d) sq units
3
1 8
(iii) (c) log ( )
2 3

(iv) (b) p u (: p u q)
(v) (d) y  eax
(vi) (b) 2, 3

1. (B) (i) False

(ii) False
(iii) False.

1 4x  3
1. (C) (i) R {0} (ii) e c (iii)  2.
4

2. (A) (i)
p q :p :q : p u: q p;q (: p u : q) ; (p ; q)
T T F F F T T
T F F T F F T
F T T F F T T
F F T T T T T
All the entries in the last column of the above truth table are T.
 (: p u : q) ; (p ; q) is a tautology.

(ii) (A  B)(A  B)  A2  B2
 A2  AB  BA  B2  A2  B2
  AB  BA  0
 AB  BA

 α 3 2 β α 1 a βα 1 a β α 3 2 β
2 4 b 0 b 0 2 4

 α  3  2b  3a  0 β  α  3  2a 2  4a β
2  4b 2a  0  3b  0 2b  0

 α  3  2b  3a β  α  3  2a 2  4a β
2  4b 2a  3b 2b
SOLUTION TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 1
 By equality of matrices
 3  2b   3  2a ... (1)
 3a  2  4a ... (2)
2  4b   3b ... (3)
2a  2b ... (4)
2
From (2), 7a   2  a 
7
2
From (3), 7b   2  b 
7
These values of a and b also satisfy equations (1) and (4).
2 2
Hence, a  and b   .
7 7

3 3
(iii)  x2 log x dx   (log x) · x2 dx
1 1
3
3 d
 [(log x)  x2dx]1  s [ (log x)  x2dx ] dx
dx
1
3
x3 3 1 x3
 [ (log x) ( )]    dx
3 1 1 x 3
1 13
 [x3 log x]31   x2dx
3 31
3
1 1 x3
 [27 log 3  0]  [ ] ... [B log 1  0 ]
3 3 3 1
1
 9 log 3  (27  1)
9
26
 9 log 3  .
9

2. (B) (i) Let x cm and y cm be the length and breadth of the rectangle.
Then its perimeter is 2 (x  y)  36
 x  y  18  y  18  x
Area of the rectangle  xy  x (18  x)
Let f (x)  x (18  x)  18x  x2
d
Then f (x)  (18x  x2)
dx
 18  1  2x  18  2x
d
and f (x)  (18  2x)
dx
021 2

2 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STANDARD XII ( COMMERCE )

 Now, f (x)  0, if 18  2x  0
i.e. if x  9
and f (9)   2  0
 by the second derivative test, f has maximum value at x  9
When x  9, y  18  9  9
Hence, the rectangle is a square of side 9 cm.

1  log x
(ii) Let I  s dx
x (3  log x)(2  3 log x)
1  log x 1
s · dx
(3  log x)(2  3 log x) x
1
Put log x  t  dx  dt
x
1t
 Is dt
(3  t)(2  3t)
1t A B
Let  
(3  t)(2  3t) 3  t 2  3t

 1  t  A (2  3t)  B (3  t) ... (1)

Put 3  t  0, i.e. t   3 in (1), we get
1  3  A(  7)  B(0)
2
  2   7A  A
7
2
Put 2  3t  0, i.e. t   in (1), we get
3
2 7
1   A (0)  B ( )
3 3
1 7
  B
3 3
1
 B
7
2 1
1t 7 7
( ) ( )
  
(3  t)(2  3t) 3  t 2  3t

2 1
χ 7 7 δ
( ) ( )
 I  dt
s
3t 2  3t

2 1 1 1
 s dt  s dt
7 3t 7 2  3t

SOLUTION TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 3

 2 1 log  2  3t 
 log  3  t   · c
7 7 3
2 1
 log  3  log x   log  2  3 log x   c.
7 21

(iii) Let the cost of 1 Economics book, 1 Cooperation book and 1 Account book be ` x,
` y and ` z respectively.
Then, from the given information
xyz  420
x  2y  z  480
x  3y  2z  600
These equations can be written in matrix form as :
1 1 1 x 420
χ 1 2 1 δ χ y δ  χ 480 δ
1 3 2 z 600
By R2  R1 and R3  R1, we get

1 1 1 x 420
χ 0 1 0 δ χ y δ  χ 60 δ
0 2 1 z 180
xyz 420
 χ 0  y  0 δ  χ 60 δ
0  2y  z 180
By equality of matrices
x  y  z  420 ... (1)
y  60
2y  z  180 ... (2)
Substituting y  60 in (2), we get
2(60)  z  180
 z  180  120  60
Substituting y  60, z  60 in (1), we get
x  60  60  420
 x  420  120  300
Hence, the cost of each Economics book is ` 300, each Cooperation book is ` 60
and each Account book is ` 60.

1 x
3. (A) (i) y  ( 1 
x
)

1 x 1
 log y  log ( 1  )  x log ( 1  )
x x

4 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STANDARD XII ( COMMERCE )

 Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
1 dy d 1
·  [ x log ( 1  ) ]
y dx dx x
d 1 1 d
x [ log ( 1  ) ]  [ log ( 1  ) ] · (x)
dx x x dx
d1 1 1
x ( 1  )  [ log ( 1  ) ]  1
·
1 dx x x
1
x
x 1 1
x  ( 0  2 )  log ( 1  )
x1 x x
dy 1 1
 y[  log ( 1  ) ]
dx x1 x
1 x 1 1
(1 ) [ log ( 1  )  ].
x x 1x

(ii)

By the symmetry of the ellipse, its area is equal to 4 times the area of the region
OABO. Clearly for this region, the limits of integration are 0 and 2.
From the equation of the ellipse,
y2 x2 4  x2
1 
25 4 4
25
 y2  (4  x2)
4
In the first quadrant, y  0
5
 y  gh4  x2
2
 area of ellipse  4 (area of the region OABO)
2
 4  y dx
0
2 5
4  gh4  x2 dx
0 2

SOLUTION TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 5

 2
 10  gh4  x2 dx
0
2
x 4 x
 10 [ gh4  x2  sin1 ( ) ]
2 2 2 0

x a2 x
... [  gha2  x2 dx  gha2  x2  sin1 ( ) ]
2 2 a
2 0
10 [{ ef4  42 sin1 (1) }  { ef4  02 sin1(0)}]
2 2

 10  2   10 sq units. ... [ sin1 (1)  , sin1 (0)  0. ]

2 2

(iii) y  (c1  c2x) ex

 exy  c1  c2x
Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
dy
ex ·  y · ex(  1)  0  c2  1
dx
dy
 ex (  y )  c2
dx
Differentiating again w.r.t. x, we get
d2y dy dy
ex (  )  (  y ) · ex (  1)  0
dx2 dx dx
d2y dy dy
 ex (   y )0
dx2 dx dx
d2y dy
 2 y0
dx 2 dx
This is the required D.E.

3. (B) (i) xa · yb  (x  y)a  b

 log (xa · yb)  log (x  y)a  b
 log xa  log yb  log (x  y)a  b
 a log x  b log y  (a  b) log (x  y)
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
1 1 dy 1 d
a b  (a  b)  · (x  y)
x y dx x  y dx
a b dy a  b dy
   (1
x y dx x  y dx
)

a b dy a  b a  b dy
    ·
x y dx x  y x  y dx
b a  b dy a  b a
   
y x  y dx x  y x
( )

6 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STANDARD XII ( COMMERCE )

 bx  by  ay  by dy ax  bx  ax  ay
 
y (x  y) dx a (x  y)
[ ]

bx  ay dy bx  ay
 
y (x  y) dx x (x  y)
[ ]

1 dy 1
 · 
y dx x
dy y
  .
dx x

(ii) LHS  [p u (q v r)] v [: r u : q u p]

Y [p u (q v r)] v [(: r u : q) u p] ... (Associative Law)
Y [p u (q v r)] v [(: q u : r) u p] ... (Commutative Law)
Y [p u (q v r)] v [: (q v r) u p] ... (De Morgan’s Law)
Y [p u (q v r)] v [p u : (q v r)] ... (Commutative Law)
Y p u [(q v r) v : (q v r) ] ... (Distributive Law)
Yput ... (Complement Law)
Yp ... ( Identity Law )
 RHS.

3. (C) (i) Let P be the population at time t.

dP
Then the rate of increase is which is proportional to P.
dt
dP
 P
dt
dP
  kP, where k is a constant.
dt
dP
  kdt
P
On integrating, we get
1
dP  k  dt
P
s

 log P  kt  c
Initially, i.e. when t  0, P  30,000
 log 30000  k  0  c
 c  log 30000

 log P  kt  log 30000

 log P  log 30000  kt

SOLUTION TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 7

 P
 log ( ... (1)
30000
)kt

When t  40, P  40,000

40000
 log ( )  40k
30000

1 4
 k log ( )
40 3
P t 4
 equation (1) becomes, log ( ) log ( )
30000 40 3
P 4 t/40
 log ( )  log ( )
30000 3
P 4 t/40
 ( )
30000 3

4 t /40
 P 30000 .
3
( )

(ii) f (x)  2x3  15x2  84x  7

d
 f (x)  (2x3  15x2  84x  7)
dx
 2  3x2  15  2x  84  1  0

 f (x)  6x2  30x  84

 f (x)  6 (x2  5x  14)  6 ( x  7 ) ( x  2 )

Since f (x) is decreasing function, f (x) < 0

Case 1 : ( x  7 ) > 0 and (x  2) < 0

 x > 7 and x <  2

This is not possible.

 x

Case 2 : ( x  7 ) < 0 and (x  2) > 0

 x < 7 and x >  2

 2 < x < 7
 x  (  2, 7)

 f (x) is decreasing function if and only if x  (  2, 7) .

8 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STANDARD XII ( COMMERCE )

 SECTION – II
4. (A) (i) (b) instalment
(ii) (d) true discount
p1q1
(iii) (d)  100
p0q0

(iv) (a) Trend

(v) (b) 3.5
(vi) (b) DBCA.

4. (B) (i) False

(ii) False
(iii) False.

4. (C) (i) list

p1q0 p1q1
(ii) ij   100
p0q0 p0q1

(iii) Cyclical.

5. (A) (i) Here, C  ` 5000, n  4, r  10 %

r 10
i   0.1; (1.1)4  1.4641 ... (Given)
100 100
C
A  [(1  i)n  1 ]
i
5000
 [(1  0.1)4  1 ]
0.1
 50000 [(1.1)4  1 ]
 50000 [1.4641  1 ]
 50000  0.4641
 23,205
Hence, the amount accumulated is ` 23,205.

(ii) Let the number of gadgets A produced by the firm be x and the number of gadgets
B produced by the firm be y.
The profit on the sale of A is ` 30 per unit and on the sale of B is ` 20 per unit.
 the total profit is z  30x  20y.
This is a linear function which is to be maximized.
Hence, it is the objective function.

SOLUTION TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 9

 The constraints are as per the following table :
Gadget A Gadget B Total available
(x) (y) Time (in hour)
Foundry 10 6 60
Machine shop 5 4 35
From the above table, total man hours of labour required for x units of gadget A and
y units of gadget B in foundry is (10x  6y) hours and total man hours of labour
required in machine shop is (5x  4y) hours.
Since maximum time available in foundry and machine shops are 60 hours and 35
hours respectively, therefore the constraints are 10x  6y 60, 5x  4y 35.
Since x and y cannot be negative, we have, x  0, y  0.
Hence, the given LPP can be formulated as :
( Maximize z  30x  20y, subject to 10x  6y 60, 5x  4y 35, x  0, y  0.)

(iii) Given : x  10, y  12, V(x)  9  x  3, y  4, r  0.6

Estimation of Y when X  5 :
Regression of Y on X is y  a  byx · x
 4
Now, byx  r · y  0.6   0.8
x 3
 byx  0.8
a  y  byx ·x
 12  0.8 (10)  12  8  4
 a4
Hence, the regression equation of Y on X is
y  4  0.8x, i.e. y  0.8x  4
Putting x  5, we get
y  0.8 (5)  4
 y44  y8
Hence, the estimate of y is 8 when x  5.

5. (B) (i) Let the agent’s cash sales be ` x.

7 7x
Commission at 7 % on cash sales  ` x  ` ... (1)
100 100
Total sales is ` 1,02,000
 agent’s credit sales is ` (102000  x)
Commission at 5 % on credit sales
5 ` (510000  5x)
 ` (102000  x)   ... (2)
100 100

Total commission is given to be ` 6420. ... (3)

10 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STANDARD XII ( COMMERCE )
 From (1), (2) and (3),

7x (510000  5x)
  6420
100 100

 7x  510000  5x  642000

 2x  132000  x  66000

The agent’s cash sales is ` 66,000 and his credit sales is

` (102000  66000)  ` 36,000.

(ii)
Time (in hours)
Jobs
Lathe (A) Surface grinder (B)
I 4 3
II 1 2
III 5 4
IV 2 3
V 5 6

Here, Min. (A, B)  1, which corresponds to A.

Therefore, job II is processed first.

II

The problem now reduces to jobs I, III, IV, V.

Here, Min. (A, B)  2, which corresponds to A.
Therefore, job IV is processed next to job II.

II IV

The problem now reduces to jobs I, III, V.

Here, Min. (A, B)  3, which corresponds to B.
Therefore, job I is processed at the last.

II IV I

The problem now reduces to jobs III and V.

Here, Min. (A, B)  4, which corresponds to B.
Therefore, job III is processed at the last next to job I.

II IV III I

SOLUTION TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 11

 Now, job V is processed next to job IV and we get the optional sequence of jobs
as follows :

II IV V III I

Total elapsed time is obtained as follows :

Jobs Lathe (A) Surface grinding (B) Idle time for

Sequence Time in Time out Time in Time out (B)
II 00 01 01 03 1
IV 01 03 03 06 0
V 03 08 08 14 2
III 08 13 14 18 0
I 13 17 18 21 0
Total idle time for (B) 3
Total elapsed time T  21 hours
Idle time for lathe  T  Total time for lathe
 21  17  4 hours
Idle time for surface grinding  3 hours.

(iii) Here, n  5, X  Number of correct answers

1
p  probability of correct answer 
3
1 2
 q1p1 
3 3
1
Now, X : B ( 5, )
3
 P (X  x)  nCx px qnx
1 x 2 5x
 5Cx (
3 3
) ( )

P [ Four or more correct answers ]

P[X  4]
P[X4]P[X5]
1 4 2 1 5 2 0
 5C4 ( 5
) ( )  C5 ( ) ( )
3 3 3 3
1 4 2 1 5
5 ( ) ( )1( )
3 3 3
10 1 11
   .
243 243 243

12 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STANDARD XII ( COMMERCE )

6. (A) (i) X : P (m)
em mx
 P [X  x ] 
x!
m 2
e m em m3
 P[X2] and P [ X  3 ] 
2! 3!
Now, P (X  2)  P (X  3)
em m2 em m3
 
2! 3!
2 3
m m 1 m 6
     m  m3
2 6 2 6 2
Now, P [ X  2 ]  1  P (X  2)
 1  [ P (X  0)  P (X  1) ]
e3 (3)0 e3 (3)1
1[ 
0! 1!
]

 1  e3 [1  3]
 1  0.0497 (4)
 1  0.1988  0.8012
Hence, P [ X  2 ] is 0.8012.

(ii) We first draw the lines AB, CD and EF whose equations are 3x  y27, x  y  21,
x  2y30 respectively.
Points on Points on
Line Equation Sign Region
the X-axis the Y-axis
AB 3x  y27 A ( 9 , 0) B (0, 27)  non-origin side of the line AB
CD x  y  21 C (21, 0) D (0, 21)  non-origin side of the line CD
EF x  2y30 E (30, 0) F (0, 15)  non-origin side of the line EF

SOLUTION TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 13

 The feasible region is XEPQBY which is shaded in the graph.
The vertices of the feasible region are E (30, 0), P, Q and B (0, 27).
P is the point of intersection of the lines
x  2y  30 ... (1)
and x  y  21 ... (2)
On subtracting, we get
y9
Substituting y  9 in (2), we get
x  9  21
 x  12
 P is (12, 9)
Q is the point of intersection of the lines
x  y  21 ... (2)
and 3x  y  27 ... (3)
On subtracting, we get
2x  6
 x3
Substituting x  3 in (2), we get
3  y  21
 y  18
 Q is (3, 18).
The values of the objective function z  4x  2y at these vertices are
z (E)  4(30)  2(0)  120  0  120
z (P)  4(12)  2(9)  48  18  66
z (Q)  4(3)  2(18)  12  36  48
z (B)  4(0)  2(27)  0  54 1 154
 z has minimum value 48, when x  3 and y  18.

(iii) A fair die is thrown.

Xthe number obtained on the uppermost face of the die.
 X  { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }
 the p.m.f. is obtained as follows :

Xx 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1 1 1 1 1
P [Xx]
6 6 6 6 6 6

14 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STANDARD XII ( COMMERCE )

 We construct the following table to calculate E (X) and Var (X) :

X  xi pi P [X  xi] xi pi xi2 pi  xi pi  xi
1 1 1
1
6 6 6
1 2 4
2
6 6 6
1 3 9
3
6 6 6
1 4 16
4
6 6 6
1 5 25
5
6 6 6
1 6 36
6
6 6 6
21 91
Total 1 xi pi  xi2 pi 
6 6
21 7
E (X)  xi pi  
6 2
 E (X)  3.5
Var (X)  xi2pi  ( xi pi )2
91 21 2
 ( )
6 6
91 441
 
6 36
546  441

36
105 35
 
36 12
35
 Var (X) 
12
35
Hence, E (X)  3.5, Var (X)  .
12

6. (B) (i) Given : 10x  4y  80, 10y  9x   40

(a) x and y :
10x  4y  80 ... (1)
 9x  10y   40 ... (2)
Multiplying equation (1) by 9 and equation (2) by 10 and then adding them,
we get

SOLUTION TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 15

 90x  36y  720
 90x  100y   400
 64y  320
320
 y 5
64
Put y  5 in equation (1), we get
10x  4(5)  80
 10x  80  20
100
 x  10
10
Hence, x  10, y  5.

(b) byx and bxy :

Let regression equation of X on Y be
10x  4y  80
 10x  4y  80
4
 x y8
10
 bxy  0.4.
And another equation 10y  9x   40 be the regression equation of Y on X.
 10y  9x  40
9 9
 y x4  byx   0.9
10 10
Hence, byx  0.9 and bxy  0.4.

(c) Var (X), if Var (Y )  36, i.e. y  6 :


Now, byx  r . y
x
6
 0.9  0.6 
x
0.9 1
 
0.6  6 x
1 1
 
4 x
 x  4
 Var (X)  x2  (4)2  16.

(d) Coefficient of correlation r :

r   ef byx · bxy
  ef 0.9  0.4
  ef0.36
 r  0.6 ... [ B byx and bxy are positive]

16 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STANDARD XII ( COMMERCE )

(ii) Here, n  7 and interval between the year t is 5.
t  1995
We transform year t to u by taking u  .
5
We construct the following table for calculation :

Infant
u=
Year Mortality Trend
(t – 1995) u2 uxt
t Rate value
xt 5

1980 10 –3 9 – 30 8.999
1985 07 –2 4 – 14 7.428
1990 05 –1 1 – 05 5.857
1995 04 00 0 0 00 4.286
2000 03 01 1 0 03 2.714
2005 01 02 4 0 02 1.144
2010 00 03 9 0 00  0.427

– 05
Total xt = 30 u=0 u2 = 28 – 49
uxt = – 44

The equation of trend line is xt  a  bu.

The normal equations are,
xt  na  b u ... (1)
uxt  a u  b u2 ... (2)
Here, n  7, xt  30, u  0, u2  28, u xt   44
Putting these values in normal equations, we get
30  7a  b(0) ... (3)
 44  a(0)  b(28) ... (4)
From equation (3), we get
30
a   4.286
7
From equation (4), we get
 44
b    1.571
28
Putting a  4.286 and b   1.571 in xt  a  bu, we get the equation of trend
line as
t  1995
xt  4.286  1.571 u, where u  .
5

SOLUTION TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 17

6. (C) (i)

Base Current
year year
Commodity
p0 q0 p1 q1 p1 q0 p0 q0 p1 q1 p0 q1

A 2 10 2 5 20 20 10 10

B 2 5 x 2 5x 10 2x 4
p1 q0 p0 q0 p1 q1 p0 q1

 20  5x 30  10  2x  14

P01(L)  P01(P)

p1q0 p1q1
  100   100.
p0q0 p0q1

20  5x 10  2x
  100   100
30 14

20  5x 10  2x
 
30 14
 280  70x  300  60x

 10x  20

 x 2 .

(ii) Step 1 : Subtract the smallest element in each row from every element of it. New
assignment matrix is obtained as follows :

Processing cost (in ` )

Machines

Jobs I II III IV
P 6 0 8 4
Q 4 3 2 0
R 0 2 4 5
S 4 2 0 6

Step 2 : Subtract the smallest element in each column from every element of it.
New assignment matrix is obtained as above, because each column in it contains
one zero.

18 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STANDARD XII ( COMMERCE )

Step 3 : Draw minimum number of vertical and horizontal lines to cover all zeros.

Processing cost (in ` )

Machines
Jobs I II III IV
P 6 0 8 4
Q 4 3 2 0
R 0 2 4 5
S 4 2 0 6

Step 4 : From step 3, as the minimum number of straight lines required to cover
all zeros in the assignment matrix equals the number of rows/columns. Optimal
solution has reached.
Examine the rows one by one starting with the first row with exactly one zero is
found. Mark the zero by enclosing it in (), indicating assignment of the job.
Cross all the zeros in the same column.
This step is shown in the following table :
Processing cost (in ` )
Machines
Jobs I II III IV
P 6 0 8 4
Q 4 3 2 0
R 0 2 4 5
S 4 2 0 6

Step 5 : It is observed that all the zeros are assigned and each row and each column
contains exactly one assignment. Hence, the optimal (minimum) assignment
schedule is
Jobs Machines Processing cost (in ` )
P II 25
Q IV 21
R I 19
S III 34

Hence, total (minimum) processing cost  25  21  19  34  ` 99

SOLUTION TO NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII 19