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Hints Tutorial 1

This document is a tutorial sheet for the MA11004 course on Linear Algebra, Numerical and Complex Analysis at IIT Kharagpur for Spring 2023. It contains a series of problems and exercises related to vector spaces, subspaces, properties of matrices, and linear independence. The exercises require verification of mathematical properties and finding specific scalars in various contexts.

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23 views1 page

Hints Tutorial 1

This document is a tutorial sheet for the MA11004 course on Linear Algebra, Numerical and Complex Analysis at IIT Kharagpur for Spring 2023. It contains a series of problems and exercises related to vector spaces, subspaces, properties of matrices, and linear independence. The exercises require verification of mathematical properties and finding specific scalars in various contexts.

Uploaded by

rs.bikashdas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MA11004 - Linear Algebra, Numerical and Complex Analysis

Department of Mathematics
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Tutorial sheet 1, Spring 2023

1. (i) Check the distributive property of scalar-vector multiplication over scalar addition.
(ii) Check associative property.
(iii) Check the properties of vector space from the definition.
(iv) Check the closure property of vector addition.
(v) Check the usual properties of vector space for the two functions f1 , f2 with period
p1 , p2 and check the linearity property for f1 + f2 taking period p0 = lcm(p1 , p2 ).
2. (i) {(a, a + c, c) : a, c ∈ R} forms subspace in R3 .
(ii) (A + B)T = AT + B T and (αA)T = αAT .
 
a b
(iii) S = forms a subspace in M2×2 (R).
c −a
(iv) Give a counterexample where det(A1 + A2 ) 6= 0, but det(Ai ) = 0.
(v) (a1 , 0, c1 ), (0, b2 , c2 ) ∈ S, but their sum need not be there in S.
(vi) W is a subspace of R3 , but W is not a subspace of C3 .
3. (a) Every subspace contains the null vector (the additive identity) and for the converse
use the linearity of integration.
(b) Take g(x) = αf1 (x) + βf2 (x) and show that g 0 (−1) = 3g(2).
4. Verify the subspace criteria. What about W1 as x-axis and W2 as y-axis in R2 ?
5. (a) For E = αA + βB + γC, find α, β and γ.
(b) Take p = αp1 + βp2 + γp3 and find α, β and γ.
(c) Take each vector as αu + βv and solve for α and β.
6. Solve the expression u3 = αu1 + βu2 for some α, β ∈ R.
7. (a) Find the scalars α, β, γ, δ such that α(v1 − v2 ) + β(v2 − v3 ) + γ(v3 − v4 ) + δv4 =
av1 + bv2 + cv3 + dv4 holds.
(b) Find the scalars α, β, γ such that αu1 + β(u1 + u2 ) + γ(u1 + u2 + u3 ) = au1 + bu2 + cu3
holds.
8. (a) Linearly independent. Take c1 (4, −4, 8, 0)+c2 (2, 2, 4, 0)+c3 (6, 0, 0, 2)+c4 (6, 3, −3, 0) =
(0, 0, 0, 0) and c1 = c2 = c3 = c4 = 0 is the only solution.
(b) Linearly dependent. Consider c1 ·2+c2 ·4 sin2 x+c3 ·cos2 x = 0, and then differentiate
it with respect to x two times and find the values of ci from these three equations.
(c) Linearly dependent. Follow the same steps as (b).
9. In each of the intervals [−1, 0] and [0, 1], one has that f1 = cf2 for some scalar c, but in
the interval [−1, 1], do you get the same?
10. Show that c1 = c2 = 0 is the only solution of c1 (1 + i) + c2 (i − i) = 0 when c1 , c2 ∈ R.
Then give examples of c1 , c2 6= 0 in C such that c1 (1 + i) + c2 (i − i) = 0.

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