www.ijcrt.

org © 2018 IJCRT | Volume 6, Issue 1 March 2018 | ISSN: 2320-2882

Study on Control of DC Motor Using Matlab

Simulink
1
Sangeeta Kaiwartya, 2Shashwati Ray
1
M.Tech. Scholar, 2Professor
1,2
Department of Electrical Engineering,
1,2
Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Abstract: In this paper we learn about soft computing methods of speed control of direct current (DC) motor. In the past years so
many techniques buildup for controlling names are Artificial Neural Networks (ANN’s), Fuzzy Logic (FL) algorithm, Grey Wolf
Optimizer (GWO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and so on. These techniques also used with conventional methods by
hybridization of any two. In conventional methods, (P, PI, PD and PID) taking so much time for tuning its parameter. So we use
these algorithms for tuning a parameter of conventional controller.

Index Terms - PID algorithm, Speed control, PID controller, DC motor, Response
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION
The principle of soft computing techniques is to achieve approximation and getting a better performance. From few years ago
so many control techniques are developed for control problem of DC motor. Because of the conventional techniques are used for
control the DC motor, which are time taking and poor in performance. The conventional method, i.e. PID controller, is used for
control of DC motor. In PID controller having a parameter is difficult to tune, so we use algorithms for tuning and getting a fast
responses compare to conventional tuning method.
There are many varieties of control techniques, such as proportional P, proportional integral PI, proportional derivative
(PD), proportional integral derivative, adaptive, genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization (PSO), artificial neural networks
(ANN’s), fuzzy logic (FL’s), cuckoo search (CS) meta-heuristic optimization techniques, grey wolf techniques (GWO) and
combination of them.
The block diagram for the closed control system of DC motor is given below.

Fig.1. Block diagram of Speed control of DC motor

As it can be seen from block diagram, there is two loops i.e. inner current loop and outer speed loop. The design of control loops
starts from the innermost (fastest) loop and proceeds to the slowest loop which in this case is the outer speed loop. The reason to
proceed from the inner to the outer loop in the design process is that the gain and time constant of only on controller at a time are
solved, instead of solving for the gain and time constant of all the controller simultaneously.
II. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS
The closed loop control system of separately excited DC motor is simulated by using MATLAB-2017 simulink.

Fig.2. Simulation complete model of DC motor speed control

This paper includes two simulation models. The complete model of DC motor speed control is simulated without any
approximation i.e. overall exact model of DC motor speed control loop.
The second model is speed control of DC motor with approximation. The current control loop is reduced to second order system
taking following two assumptions:

IJCRT1872212 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 324

www.ijcrt.org © 2018 IJCRT | Volume 6, Issue 1 March 2018 | ISSN: 2320-2882

[1] 1 + 𝑠𝑇𝑚 ~𝑠𝑇𝑚

[2] 𝑇𝑟 < 𝑇2 < 𝑇1

Fig.3. Simulation of DC motor speed control with approximation

III. OBSERVATION AND RESULTS

Here, the speed response of complete simulation model of DC motor speed control is given below.

Fig. 4. Speed Response of simulation model of DC motor speed control without approximation

The speed response of simulation model of DC motor speed control with the approximation is given below.

Fig.5. Speed Response of simulation model of DC motor speed control with approximation

The comparison of speed response of both simulation model of DC motor speed control with the approximation and without
approximation is given below.

Fig.6. Comparison of Speed Response of both simulation models

IV. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

From the above, we can see the difference between the results obtained in both cases. In case of complete modeling of DC
motor speed control, the peak overshoot is greater in comparison to the model with approximation.

IJCRT1872212 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 325

www.ijcrt.org © 2018 IJCRT | Volume 6, Issue 1 March 2018 | ISSN: 2320-2882

But, the settling time of the shown waveform obtained in case of DC motor speed control with approximation is less than that of
without approximation.
This concept is used in designing of control loops. As the performance of outer speed loop is dependent on inner current loop.
The dynamics of inner current loop can be simplified such that the tuning of inner loop has to precede the design and tuning of
outer loop. So that, the impact of the outer loop on its performance could be minimized.
V. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author is thankful to her supervisor Dr. (Mrs.) Shashwati Ray for her support and guidance.

REFERENCES
[1] R. Krishnan, ”Electric motor drives modelling, analysis and control”, Pearson Publication, page 73-87.
[2] A.A.Sadiq, G.A.Bakare, E.C.Anene, H.B.Mamman, ”A Fuzzy-Based Speed Control of DC Motor Using Combined Armature Voltage
and Field Current”, 3rd IFAC International Conference on Intelligent Control and Automation Science, Chengdu, China, September 2-
4, 2013.
[3] D.Puangdownreonga, A.Nawikavatana, C.Thammarat, “Optimal Design of I-PD Controller for DC Motor Speed Control System by
Cuckoo Search”, 2016 International Electrical Engineering Congress, iEECON2016, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2-4 March 2016.
[4] Mohamed Amine Benbrahim, Afef Abdelkrim, Mohamed Benerjeb, “Soft Computing approaches of modelling and control of a DC
machine”, IEEE 7th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control (ICMIC 2015) Sousse, Tunisia - December 18-
20, 2015.
[5] Kaushik Ranjan Das, Diptanu Das, Joyashree Das, “Optimal Tuning of PID Controller using GWO Algorithm for Speed Control in
DC motor”, IEEE 2015 International Conference on Soft Computing Techniques and Implementations- (ICSCTI) Department of ECE,
FET, MRIU, Faridabad, India, Oct 8-10, 2015.
[6] Ermira Buzi, Petraq Marango, “A Comparison of conventional and nonconventional methods of DC motor speed control”, 15th
Workshop on International Stability, Technology, and Culture, The International Federation of Automatic Control June 6-8, 2013.
Prishtina, Kosovo.
[7] Surekha Bhusnur, Shashwati Ray, “Robust control of integrating systems using CDM-based two-loop control structure” Int. J.
Reliability and Safety, Vol. 5, Nos. 3/4, 2011.
[8] E.Gowthaman, C.Dinesh Balaji, ” Self Tuned PID Based Speed Control of PMDCDrive”,IEEE 2013 International multi conference
on automation, computing, communication, control and compressed sensing (imac4s), Mar 22-23, 2013.
[9] User manual for A/D control of CEA-DCMCM.
[10] I.J.Nagrath & M.Gopal, “Control system engineerimg”, 5 th edition, New age international publishers

APPENDIX:

Kr=31.05, Tr=0.00138
Kc=2.33, Tc=0.208
T2=0.208, Kb=1.26
Bt=0.0869, Tm=0.7
T1=0.1077, K1=0.0449
Tw=0.002, Kw=0.065
Ts=0.0188, Ks=28.73
K=38.8, Hc=0.355
A=Ts*Ks, B=Tc*Kc
C=Tm*K1, D=T1*T2
E=T1+T2

IJCRT1872212 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 326