.

NET Technologies
(01CE1602)
6th Semester
4 Credits

Prof. Ravikumar R N
Dept. of Computer Engineering
  Net Technologies are blend of technologies supported
by Microsoft .Net Framework that allows user to create
Objectives various applications.
 Students will be able to work with various technologies
provided by Microsoft .NET platform.
  To Review the components of .Net Framework
 To practice Web based application
Course  To create web applications using MVC framework
Outcomes  To practice basic database application using ADO.net
 To designing, developing, and deploying APIs
Unit 2
ASP.NET Web Application
  ASP.Net Web Application
 Page life cycle of ASP.NET Application
 Web Controls (Button, TextBox, CheckBox, Image etc.)
 Rich Controls (Calendar, AdRotator)
Contents
 Validation Controls
 State management
 Cookie
 Session
  ASP stands for Active Server Pages.
 ASP is a development framework for building dynamic web
pages.
 ASP and ASP.NET are server side technologies.
 Both technologies enable computer code to be executed by
an Internet server.
 When a browser requests an ASP or ASP.NET file, the ASP
ASP.NET engine reads the file, executes any code in the file, and
returns the result to the browser.
 ASP.NET was released in 2002 as a successor to Classic ASP.
 ASP.NET pages have the extension .aspx and are normally
written in C# aka (C sharp).
 Latest version 4.8
  ASP.NET Web Pages is an SPA application model
(Single Page Application).
 A Single-Page Application is an app that doesn't need
to reload the page during its use and works within a
ASP.NET browser.
 Think of the apps you use daily: Facebook, Google
Maps, GitHub etc.
 The SPA model is quite similar to PHP and Classic ASP.
  When an ASP.Net page is called, it goes through a
particular lifecycle. This is done before the response is
sent to the user.

ASP.Net Page
Lifecycle
  Page Request– This is when the page is first requested from
the server. When the page is requested, the server checks if it
is requested for the first time. If so, then it needs to compile
the page, parse the response and send it across to the user. If
it is not the first time the page is requested, the cache is
checked to see if the page output exists. If so, that response is
sent to the user.
 Page Start – During this time, 2 objects, known as the Request
ASP.Net Page and Response object are created. The Request object is used
to hold all the information which was sent when the page was
Lifecycle requested. The Response object is used to hold the
information which is sent back to the user.
 Page Initialization – During this time, all the controls on a web
page is initialized. So if you have any label, textbox or any
other controls on the web form, they are all initialized.
 Page Load – This is when the page is actually loaded with all
the default values. So if a textbox is supposed to have a
default value, that value is loaded during the page load time.
  Validation – Sometimes there can be some validation set on
the form. For example, there can be a validation which says
that a list box should have a certain set of values. If the
condition is false, then there should be an error in loading the
page.
 Postback event handling – This event is triggered if the same
page is being loaded again. This happens in response to an
earlier event. Sometimes there can be a situation that a user
clicks on a submit button on the page. In this case, the same
ASP.Net Page page is displayed again. In such a case, the Postback event
Lifecycle handler is called.
 Page Rendering – This happens just before all the response
information is sent to the user. All the information on the form
is saved, and the result is sent to the user as a complete web
page (mirror).
 Unload – Once the page output is sent to the user, there is no
need to keep the ASP.net web form objects in memory. So the
unloading process involves removing all unwanted objects
from memory.
First Web
Application
First Web
Application
First Web
Application
First Web
Application
First Web
Application
First Web
Application
First Web
Application
First Web
Application
First Web
Application
  Set as start page
 Build and Run

First Web
Application
  Internet Information Services (IIS) is a flexible, general-
purpose web server from Microsoft that runs on
Windows systems to serve requested HTML pages or
files. Latest version 10.0 released in 2018.
 An IIS web server accepts requests from remote client
computers and returns the appropriate response.
What is IIS?  It enables web servers to deliver, transfer information
across an array of Local Area Networks (LANs)
including corporate intranets.
 It has the ability to share information with the user in
numerous forms such as text documents, HTML
webpages, and images.
 Server Controls
Label
TextBox
Button
RadioButtonList
LinkButton
Image
ImageButton
Panel
Hyperlink
Web Controls DropDownList
PlaceHolder
Calendar
ListBox
AdRotator
DataGrid
Table
DataList
XML
CheckBox
Literal
CheckBoxList
RadioButton
  This control is used to display textual information on
the web forms. It is mainly used to create caption for
the other controls like: textbox.
 To create label either we can write code or use the drag
and drop facility of visual studio.

Label <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server"

Text="Label" > </asp:Label>
  This is an input control which is used to take user input.

<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server">

</asp:TextBox>
TextBox
 <body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:Label ID="labelId" runat="server">User
Name</asp:Label>

<asp:TextBox ID="UserName" runat="server" ToolTip="Enter

Label, TextBox User Name"></asp:TextBox>
</div>
and Button <p>
<asp:Button ID="SubmitButton" runat="server"
Text="Submit" OnClick="SubmitButton_Click" />

</p>
<br />
</form>
<asp:Label ID="userInput"
runat="server"></asp:Label>
</body>
 using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

namespace WebApplication6
{
public partial class WebForm1 : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
Code Behind {

C# }

protected void SubmitButton_Click(object sender,

EventArgs e)
{
userInput.Text = UserName.Text;
}
}
}
Output
  DataGrid is used to display data in scrollable grid. It
requires data source to populate data in the grid.
 It is a server side control and can be dragged from the
toolbox to the web form.

<body>
DataGrid <form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:GridView ID="GridView1"
runat="server"></asp:GridView>
</div>
</form>
</body>
 protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
DataTable table = new DataTable();
table.Columns.Add("ID");
table.Columns.Add("Name");
table.Columns.Add("Email");
table.Rows.Add("101", "RK KEYNOTES", "[email protected]");
GridView1.DataSource = table;
GridView1.DataBind();
DataGrid }
 protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){
if (!IsPostBack)
LoadGridData();
}
private void LoadGridData() {
DataTable table = new DataTable();
table.Columns.Add("ID");
table.Columns.Add("Name");
GridView with table.Columns.Add("Email");

Pagination table.Rows.Add("101", "RK KEYNOTES", "[email protected]"); //add 10 records

GridView1.DataSource = table;
GridView1.DataBind();
}
protected void GridView1_PageIndexChanging(object sender,
GridViewPageEventArgs e) {
GridView1.PageIndex = e.NewPageIndex;
LoadGridData();
}
GridView with
Pagination
  It is used to display selectable date in a calendar. It also shows
data associated with specific date. This control displays a
calendar through which users can move to any day in any year.
 We can also set Selected Date property that shows specified
date in the calendar.

Calendar <asp:Calendar ID="Calendar1" runat="server" OnSelectionChanged

="Calendar1_SelectionChanged"></asp:Calendar>
 <body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<h2>Select Date from the Calender</h2>
<div>
<asp:Calendar ID="Calendar1" runat="server"
OnSelectionChanged="Calendar1_SelectionChanged">
Calendar </asp:Calendar>
</div>
</form>
<p>
<asp:Label runat="server" ID="ShowDate" ></asp:Label>
</p>
</body>
 using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
namespace WebFormsControlls
{
public partial class WebControls : System.Web.UI.Page
Calendar {
public void Calendar1_SelectionChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
ShowDate.Text = "You Selected: "+Calendar1.SelectedDate.ToString();
}
}
}
Calendar
  It is an input controller which is used to upload file to
the server. It creates a browse button on the form that
pop up a window to select the file from the local
machine.
File Upload
<input name="FileUpload1" id="FileUpload1" type="file">
 <body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<p>Browse to Upload File</p>
<asp:FileUpload ID="FileUpload1" runat="server" />
</div>
<p>
File Upload <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Upload File"
OnClick="Button1_Click" />
</p>
</form>
<p>
<asp:Label runat="server" ID="FileUploadStatus"></asp:Label>
</p>
</body>
 using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

namespace WebFormsControlls {
public partial class WebControls : System.Web.UI.Page {
protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputFile File1;
protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputButton Submit1;
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { }
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if ((FileUpload1.PostedFile != null) && (FileUpload1.PostedFile.ContentLength > 0))
{
File Upload string fn = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName);
string SaveLocation = Server.MapPath("upload") + "\\" + fn;
try
{
FileUpload1.PostedFile.SaveAs(SaveLocation);
FileUploadStatus.Text = "The file has been uploaded.";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{ FileUploadStatus.Text = "Error: " + ex.Message; } }
else { FileUploadStatus.Text = "Please select a file to upload."; } } }
}
Demo
  ASP.NET provides implicit object Response and its methods
to download file from the server. We can use these methods
in our application to add a feature of downloading file from
the server to the local machine.
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div><p>Click the button to download a file</p>
Download File
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server"
Text="Download" OnClick="Button_click" />

<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server"

Text="Label"></asp:Label>
</div>
</form>
</body>
 protected void Button_click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string filePath =
"C:\\Users\\ravik.RAVIKUMAR\\OneDrive\\Desktop\\OpenAI API.txt";
FileInfo file = new FileInfo(filePath);
if (file.Exists)
{
Response.Clear();
Download Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;
filename=" + file.Name);
File Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", file.Length.ToString());
Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
Response.Flush();
Response.TransmitFile(file.FullName);
Response.End();
}
else Label1.Text = "Requested file is not available to
download";
}
Demo
 The image button is used to display a
clickable image,and a control that displays
an image and responds to mouse clicks on the
image.
<asp:ImageButton ID="ImageButton1"
Image and runat="server"
ImageButton Height="268px"
ImageUrl="~/WhatsApp Image 2024-01-06 at
8.53.06 PM (1).jpeg"
PostBackUrl="~/WebForm2.aspx"
Width="357px" />
 <asp:Image ID="Image1" runat="server"
Height="162px" ImageUrl="~/WhatsApp
Image 2024-01-06 at 8.53.06 PM
(1).jpeg" Width="226px" />

Image and DEMO

ImageButton
  It is an input control which is used to takes input from
the user. It allows user to select a choice from the group
RadioButton of choices.
 <asp:RadioButton ID="RadioButton1"
runat="server" Text="Male" />
 <form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:RadioButton ID="RadioButton1" runat="server"
Text="Male" GroupName="gender" />
<asp:RadioButton ID="RadioButton2" runat="server"
Text="Female" GroupName="gender" />
RadioButton </div>
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button"
OnClick="Button1_Click" />
<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server"
Text="Label"></asp:Label>
</form>
 protected void Button1_Click(object sender,
EventArgs e)
{
Label1.Text = "";
if (RadioButton1.Checked)
{
RadioButton Label1.Text = "Your gender is " +
RadioButton1.Text;
}
else
Label1.Text = "Your gender is " +
RadioButton2.Text;
}
RadioButton
  It is used to get multiple inputs from the user. It allows user to
select choices from the set of choices.
 It takes user input in yes or no format. It is useful when we want
CheckBox multiple choices from the user.
 < asp:CheckBox ID="CheckBox2" runat="server" Text="J2EE"/>
 <form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:CheckBox ID="CheckBox1" runat="server" Text="Python"/>
<asp:CheckBox ID="CheckBox2" runat="server" Text="Java"/>
<asp:CheckBox ID="CheckBox3" runat="server" Text=".NET"/>

CheckBox
</div>
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button"
OnClick="Button1_Click" />
You Selected: <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server"
Text="Label"></asp:Label>
</form>
 protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ Label1.Text = "";
}
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {
var message = "";
if (CheckBox1.Checked)
{ message = CheckBox1.Text + " ";

CheckBox }
if (CheckBox2.Checked)
{ message += CheckBox2.Text + " ";
}
if (CheckBox3.Checked)
{ message += CheckBox3.Text;
}
Label1.Text = message;
} }
CheckBox
  The AdRotator is one of the rich web server control of
asp.net. AdRotator control is used to display a sequence of
advertisement images as per given priority of image.
 AdRotator control displays the sequence of images, which
is specified in the external XML file. In a xml file we indicate
AdRotator the images to display with some other attributes, like
image impressions, NavigateUrl, ImageUrl, AlternateText.
 In a Adrotator control images will be changed each time
while refreshing the web page.

<asp:AdRotator ID=“AdRotator1“ runat=“server“ />

AdRotator
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:AdRotator ID="AdRotator1" runat="server"
AdvertisementFile="~/XMLFile1.xml" />
</div>
</form>
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Advertisements>
<Ad>
<ImageUrl>1.jpg</ImageUrl>
<NavigateUrl>https://rkkeynotes.blogspot.com</NavigateUrl>
AdRotator <AlternateText>RK</AlternateText>
<Impressions>50</Impressions>
<Keyword>RK</Keyword>
</Ad>
</Advertisements>
  Validation controls are an essential part of ASP.NET web
development because they help ensure the integrity of user
input.
 When users enter information into web forms, there is
always the potential for intentional or unintentional errors.
 Validation controls provide a way to check the accuracy and
Validation validity of user input before the web application processes
it.
Controls  Why validation controls are important in ASP.NET?
 Preventing invalid data from being submitted.
 Improving user experience
 Enhancing security
 Business requirements
  ASP.NET supports two types of validation controls:
 Client-side validation controls
 Server-side validation controls
 Client-side validation is good, but we must depend on
browser and scripting language support. The client-side
Validation validation is done in the user's browser using JavaScript and
Controls another scripting. You can use client-side validation libraries
such as WebUIValidation.js in .NET.
 Server-side validation in ASP.NET is done in the C# code-
behind, where the value of the user input is read and
validated on the server. This process is time-consuming but
provides better security and is easier to implement in
ASP.NET.
  ASP.NET provides several types of validation controls that
can be used to validate user input in web forms. Some of
the common validation controls are:
 RequiredFieldValidation Control
Validation  CompareValidator Control
Controls  RangeValidator Control
 RegularExpressionValidator Control
 CustomValidator Control
 ValidationSummary
 Validation
Description
Control
This control ensures that a field is not left empty or blank. It
RequiredField
can be used for textboxes, dropdown lists, checkboxes, and
Validation
other input controls.
This control compares the value of one input control to
Compare
another. It can validate passwords, confirm email addresses,
Validator
and other scenarios where two values must match.
Validation This control checks if a value falls within a specific range. For
Controls RangeValidator example, it can be used to validate a user's age, income, or
date of birth.
Regular This control checks if a value matches a specified regular
Expression expression pattern. For example, it can validate email
Validator addresses, phone numbers, zip codes, and other input types.
This control allows developers to define their validation logic.
Custom Validator
It usually depends on the business rules.
Validation This control displays a report of all validation errors that
Summary occurred on a Web page.
  <appSettings>
 <add key="ValidationSettings:UnobtrusiveValidationMode"
value="None" />
Error  </appSettings>

 Unobtrusive Validation means without writing a lot of validation

code, you can perform simple client-side validation.
Demo
  State management is a process by which you maintain the state
of an object or variable throughout the lifetime of a page.
 In ASP.NET, there are two types of state management: client-
side state management and server-side state management.
 Client-side state management refers to the technique of storing
data on the client's browser in the form of either cookies or
hidden fields.
State  Server-side state management, on the other hand, stores data
Management on the server in the form of either application state or session
state.
 Application state is a global storage mechanism that is used to
store data that needs to be available to all users of an ASP.NET
application.
 Session state, on the other hand, is a per-user storage
mechanism that is used to store data that is specific to a user's
session.
Types of State
Management
  In ASP.NET session is a state that is used to store and retrieve
values of a user.
 It helps to identify requests from the same browser during a
time period (session).
 It is used to store value for the particular time session. By
Sessions default, ASP.NET session state is enabled for all ASP.NET
applications.
 Each created session is stored in SessionStateItemCollection
object.
 We can get current session value by using Session property of
Page object.
Form Design
 protected void login_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {
if (password.Text == "123"){
// Storing email to Session variable
Session["email"] = email.Text; }
else {
Label3.Text = "Wrong Password";
Label4.Text = "";
}

Code Behind // Checking Session variable is not empty

if ((Session["email"] != null) && (password.Text=="123")){
// Displaying stored email
Label3.Text = "This email is stored to the session.";
Label4.Text = Session["email"].ToString();
}
else {
Label3.Text = "Wrong Password";
Label4.Text = ""; }}
Output
  ASP.NET Cookie is a small bit of text that is used to store user-
specific information. This information can be read by the web
application whenever user visits the site.
 When a user requests for a web page, web server sends not
just a page, but also a cookie containing the date and time.
This cookie stores in a folder on the user's hard disk.
Cookie  When the user requests for the web page again, browser looks
on the hard drive for the cookie associated with the web page.
Browser stores separate cookie for each different sites user
visited.
 Note: The Cookie is limited to small size and can be used to
store only 4 KB (4096 Bytes) text.
  Persist Cookie - A cookie that doesn't have expired time is
called a Persist Cookie
 Non-Persist Cookie - A cookie which has expired time is called a
Type of Non-Persist Cookie
Cookies  How to create a cookie?
 HttpCookie userInfo = new HttpCookie("userInfo");
 userInfo["UserName"] = "Annathurai";
userInfo["UserColor"] = "Black";
 Response.Cookies.Add(userInfo);
  string User_Name = string.Empty;
 string User_Color = string.Empty;
How to  User_Name = Request.Cookies["userName"].Value;
retrieve from User_Color = Request.Cookies["userColor"].Value;

cookie?
 How to clear the cookie information?
 userInfo.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddHours(1);
  Advantages of Cookie
 It has clear text so the user can read it.
 We can store user preference information on the client
machine.
Advantages  It is an easy way to maintain.
and  Fast accessing.
Disadvantages  Disadvantages of Cookie
 If the user clears the cookie information, we can't get it back.
 No security.
 Each request will have cookie information with page.
 <form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server"
Form Text="Label"></asp:Label>
</div>
</form>
 protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//-- Creating Cookie --//
HttpCookie cookie = new HttpCookie("student");

// Assigning value to the created cookie

cookie.Value = "Kumar";
Code Behind
// Adding Cookie to the response instance
Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);

//-- Fetching Cookie --//

var cookievalue = Response.Cookies["student"].Value;
Label1.Text = cookievalue;
}
Demo
Programming
Activity
  ASP.Net Web Application
 Page life cycle of ASP.NET Application
 Web Controls (Button, TextBox, CheckBox, Image etc.)
 Rich Controls (Calendar, AdRotator)
Summary  Validation Controls
 State management
 Cookie
 Session
  ASP.Net MVC:
 Introduction to ASP.NET MVC
 MVC Architecture Overview
 Controllers
 Razor Views
 LayoutView
Up Next  PartialView
 Models
 HTML helpers
 Action Filters
 Model Validation
 URLs and
 Routing
End of Unit 2