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SOLUTIONS :
1. x-intercept = 4
 coordinates are (4, 0)
The Points are : (x1 , y1 )  (2, 3); (x 2 , y 2 )  (4, 0)
y 2  y1 03  3 1
Slope m    
x 2  x 1 4  (2) 6 2
Equation of line : y  y1  m(x  x1 )
Equation of a Straight Line

-1
 y -3  (x  2)
2
 2y  6   x  2
 2y  x  6  2
 2y  x  4
 x  2y  4.

2. (i) If (x1 , y1 ), (x 2 , y 2 ) and (x 3 , y 3 ) be the vertices of the Δ then centroid is

 x1  x 2  x 3 y1  y 2  y 3  A(1, 4)
 , 
 3 3 
Now vertices are A(1, 4), B(3, 2), & C(7, 5).
1 3  7 4  2  5 
Centroid G  
 3
,
3


. G
6
 11 11 
 G  ,  B(3, 2)
 3 3 C(7, 5)
24 2  y 2  y1 
(ii) Slope of AB   1  Slope  
3 1 2  x 2  x1 
 Slope of Parallel line is   1
Equation of line is y  y1  m(x  x1 )
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11  11 
 y  1  x  
3  3
3y  11  3x  11 
  1  
3  3 
 3y  11  3x  11
 3x  3y  22  0.
 Required equation of line is 3x  3y  22  0.

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3. Equation of the line passing through P(-1, 4) and Q(5, -2)

24 6  y 2  y1 
Slope of the line  m    1  Using, m  
5  (1) 6  x 2  x1 
(i) Required equation is
y  4  (1) [x  (1)] [Using, y  y1  m(x  x1 )]
y  4  x  1

Equation of a Straight Line

x  y  3.
(ii) Coordinates of A are (3, 0) and B are (0, 3).
 3 0 03 3 3
(iii) Coordinates of M are  ,  i.e.  , .
 2 2  2 2

4. Equation of the lines are

kx - 5y + 4 = 0 .... (1)
4x - 2y + 5 = 0 .... (2)
k 4 k
y x  its slope (say m1 ) 
5 5 5
5
and y  2x   its slope (say m 2 )  2
2
Since lines are perpendicular
7
k
  2  1 [ m1  m 2  1]
5
5
k - .
2

5. P(3, 4), Q(7, -2) and R(-2, 1) are the given vertices of a  PQR

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Let L be the mid-point of PQ

 3 7  2  4 
Coordinates of L   ,   (5, 1)
 2 2 
Now, equation of line RL is
11  y  y1 
y  (1)  (x  2) Using y  y1  2 (x  x 1 )
52  x 2  x1 
2
 y  1  (x  2)  7y  7  2x  4
7
 2x  7y  3  0.

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6. (i) Clearly the co-ordinates of A are (2, 3) co-ordinates of B are (-1, 2) and
co-ordinates of C are (3, 0).

y 2  y1 0  (2) 2 1
(ii) Slope of the line BC    
x 2  x1 3  (1) 4 2
 Equation of the line through A(2, 3) and | | to BC is :
1
y - 3  - (x  2)
Equation of a Straight Line

2
 2y  6   x  2  x  2y  8.

7. From the graph paper the value Y

of h = 1.5 and value of k = 2
.
.
5 B(2, 5)
 h = 1.5 and k = 2.
4 (1.6, 4)
3
2 .
(½, 2)
1
X
5 4 3 2 1 0
.
A(-1, - 1) 1
1 2 3 4 5

2
8 3
4
5

8. Equation of line (L1) is y = 3x + 7

On comparing with y = mx + c, we get m = 3
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Since lines are  ar , m1  m 2  1

 3  m 2  -1
 m 2  -1/3
Line (L 2 ) is 2y  px  3
px 3
 2y  -px  3  y   
2 2
p
On comparing with y  mx  c, m  
2
p 1 p 1 2
i.e.      3p  2  p  .
2 3 2 3 3

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3
9. Given line 3x  2y  8  0 has slope m 
2
3
Required line being parallel to it has m 
2
Point on this line is (0, 1)
 It' s equation in slopepoint form is
3

Equation of a Straight Line

y - 1  - (x  0)
2
 2y - 2  -3x
 3x  2y  2 is the equation of the line.

10. Given : A = (7 , -3); B(1, 9)

9  (3) 12
(i) Slope of AB    2.
1 7 6
1 1
(ii) Slope of the line  to AB   ( m1  m 2  1)
2 2
 7 1  3  9 
Mid  point of AB   ,   (4, 3)
 2 2 
1
 Equation of  ar bisector of AB is y  3  (x  4)
2
9
 2y  6  x  4  x  2y  2  0.
(iii) Point (2, p) lies on the line x  2y  2  0
 (2)  2(p)  2  0
  2p  0
p  0.
11. Line 1 : 2x  3y  7  0

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 3y  2x  7
2 7
 y x
3 3
2
 Slope of line (m1 )  
3
Line 2 : 4y  px  12  0
 4y  px  12
p 12
 y x
4 4
p
Slope of life (m2) 
4
Lines are perpendicular (given)
 2p
 m1m2  1        1  p  6.
 34

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12. x  intercept  5 and passing through (4,  7)
The line cuts x  axis at (5, 0) and (4,  7)
y 2  y1  7  0  7
Slope (m)    7
x 2  x1 45 1
Equation of line passing through (4,  7)
y  y1  m(x  x 1 )
y  7  7(x  4)
Equation of a Straight Line

y  7  7x  28
7x  y  28  7  0
7x  y  35  0 is the required equation of line.

13. (i) A is on x  axis  A  (x, 0).

B is on y  axis  B  (0, y)
P is the midpoint of AB.
x0 x0
Px  2 4x
3 2
i.e. A  (4, 0)
0 y 0 y
Py   3   6  y.
2 2
10 i.e. B  (0,  6).
y 2  y1  6  0  6 3
(ii) Slope of line AB    
x 2  x1 04 4 2
(iii) Equation of line AB
y  y1  m(x  x1 )
3 3
 y  (3)  (x  2)  y  3  (x  2)
2 2
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 2y  6  3x  6  3x  2y  12  0

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14. Equation : 3x  4y  7  0
3 7
4y  3x  7  y   x 
4 4
3 7
Comparing with y  mx  c we get, m   , c  .
4 4
3
(i) Slope of the line 
4
4

Equation of a Straight Line

(ii) Slope of  line  .
3
x  y  2
3x  y  10
 4x  8  x  2.
Sub. x  2 in x  y  2 we get,
2  y  2   y  4
 y  4.
Point of intersection  (2, 4).
Equation of line is
4
y  y1  m(x  x1 )  y  4  (x  2)  3y  12  4x  8
3
 4x  3y  4  0.

11
15. ABCD is a parallelogram D(2,  4) C(4,7)
 Midpoint of BD  Midpoint of AC
 25 48  x  4 y7
  ,  ,  O
 2 2   2 2 
7 4  x 4 y7
  ,  ,  A(x, y ) B(5, 8)
 2 2  2 2 

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x4 7 y7 4
   x47  x 3    y  7  4  y  3
2 2 2 2
 A  (3,  3)
y 2  y1 8  (4) 12
Slope of BD    4
x 2  x1 52 3
Equation of diagonal BD
y  y1  m(x  x1 )  y  8  4(x  5)
 y  8  4x  20  4x  y  12  0.

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16. (i) O  90 o  Angle bisector  45o
y L2
 Slope of L 2  45o A P
(ii) In ΔOAP, OA  AP  4 L1
45 o
Coordinate of P  (x, y)  (4, 4)
y4
(iii) Equation of L 2 a line passing through o
45
(0, 0) and slope  tan 45o  1 is O
x' x
y  y1  m(x  x1 )
Equation of a Straight Line

y'
y  0  1(x  0)
y  x is the required equation.

17. Given : A  (2, 3), and B  (4, b)

y 2  y1 b3 b 3
Slope of AB   
x 2  x1 4  (2) 6
Given line 2x  4y  5   4y  5  2x
2 5
y x
4 4
1
Slope of this line 
2
As AB  given line
r

12  Slope of AB  Slope of given line  1

b3 1 b3
   1   1  b  3  12  b  12  3  9
6 2 12

18. (i) Let θ = 45o

slope = m= tan θ = tan 45o = 1
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(ii) Equation of straight line PQ passing through P(5, 3)

y - y1 = m(x - x1)
 y - 3 = 1(x - 5)
y - 3 = x - 5
x - y - 2 = 0
(iii) Straight line PQ is passing through Q which lies on y-axis  Q(0, y).
 0 - y - 2 = 0  y = -2
 Co-ordinates of Q  (0, -2)

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19. D  Mid  point of BC A (3, 5)
 7  1 8  (10) 
 ,   (4,1)
 2 2 
y  y 1  5
 Slope (m) of AD  2 1   6
x2  x1 43
 Equation of median AD is : B C
(7, 8) D (1,10)
y  y1  m( x  x1 )  y  5  6( x  3) ( 4,1)

Equation of a Straight Line

 y  5  6 x  18 i.e. 6x  y  23

 a 3
20. Equation of line passing through AC is ( y  3)    ( x  a)
 53

As if A, B and C are collinear than B will satisfy it i.e.,

 a3
(1  3)    (2  a)
5a 
 2(5  a )  (a  3) (2  a )
 10  2a  2a  6  a 2  3a
a 2  3a  4  0
a 2  4a  a  4  0
a ( a  4)  a ( a  4)  0
13
(a  4)(a  1)  0  a  4 or  1
Thus, required equation of straight line is 
 43  1 3 
( y  3)    ( x  4) ( y  3)   ( x  1)
54  5 1 
1 4
y  3   ( x  4) or ( y  3)   ( x  1)
1  6 

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2
x  y 1  0 y 3 ( x  1)
3
3 y  9  2 x  2
2 x  3 y  7  0,
21.

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Equation of a Straight Line

22.

14

23.
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24.

Equation of a Straight Line

25.

15

26.

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27.

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Milestone Academy Equation of a Straight Line

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