ECE260 (Continuous-Time Signals and Systems); A01, A02

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University of Victoria
Exam 1
Fall 2024
Course Name: ECE260
Course Title: Continuous-Time Signals and Systems
Section(s): A01, A02
CRN(s): A01 (CRN 10960), A02 (CRN 10961)
Instructor: Michael Adams
Duration: 50 minutes

Family Name:
Given Name(s):
Student Number:

This examination paper has 8 pages, all of which are numbered.

Students must count the number of pages in this examination paper before beginning to write, and report
any discrepancy immediately to the invigilator.

All questions are to be answered on the examination paper in the space provided.

Total Marks: 25

This examination is closed book.

The use of a crib sheet is not permitted.
The use of a calculator is not permitted.
You must show all of your work!
You must clearly define any new quantities introduced in your answers (such as variables, functions,
operators, and so on).
ECE260 (Continuous-Time Signals and Systems); A01, A02
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This page was intentionally left blank to accommodate duplex printing.

Do not write on this page unless instructed to do so.
 ECE260 (Continuous-Time Signals and Systems); A01, A02
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Question 1.
A function x (of a real variable) has the following properties:
1. the function v is causal, where v(t) = x(t − 3) + 1;
2. the function w is even, where w(t) = x(t − 2) + 1; and
3. x(t) = −(t + 2)2 for −3 ≤ t ≤ −2.
Find x (i.e., find x(t) for all t) if such a function exists. If no such function exists, formally show that this is the case. You
must clearly explain how you arrived at your answer. Show all of your work and do not skip any steps in your answer. A
correct final answer for x will receive zero marks if it is not fully justified (with a clear explanation of every step), since the
justification of each of the steps leading to the final answer is absolutely essential. [5 marks]
ECE260 (Continuous-Time Signals and Systems); A01, A02
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−5
Question 2. Consider the complex-valued function H of a real variable, given by H(ω) = .
(−1 − jω)4

(A) Find a fully simplified expression for |H(ω)|. [2 marks]

(B) Find a fully simplified expression for arg H(ω). [2 marks]

 ECE260 (Continuous-Time Signals and Systems); A01, A02
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x(t)
Question 3.
(A) Consider the function x shown in the figure to the right. Use unit-step functions to find a 1
single expression for x(t) that is valid for all t. When stating your final answer, you must
t
group together terms having the same unit-step function factor. [3 marks] 0 1 2

y(t)

(B) Consider the periodic function y with fundamental period 1

T = 3 shown in the figure to the right. Use the result of ··· ···
t
part (a) to find a single expression for y(t) that is valid −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5
for all t. To save writing, you may state your final answer
in terms of x, where the formula that would be substi-
tuted for x is assumed to be the one determined in part (a).
[1 mark]
ECE260 (Continuous-Time Signals and Systems); A01, A02
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Question 4. Consider the (single-input single-output) system associated with the operator H .

(A) State, in mathematical terms, the condition that must be satisfied for H to be linear. You must use operator notation
(e.g., do not use arrow notation). You must fully define all variables (e.g., functions and constants) appearing in your answer
and be specific about what values they can take. Since definitions require precise wording, this question must be answered
using complete sentences, not point form. Be very careful about the use of words like “all” or “every” or “one”, as such words
are often of critical importance. Failing to heed the above guidance will likely result in a mark of zero on this question.
[2 marks]

(B) Suppose now that H x(t) = 2x(t) + 3. Using the condition stated in your answer to part (a) of this question, determine
whether H is linear. (Not using the condition as stated in your answer to part (a) will likely result in a mark of zero.) [2 marks]
 ECE260 (Continuous-Time Signals and Systems); A01, A02
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Question 5. Write a MATLAB function called func that takes an m × n (real) matrix t and returns a matrix x of the same
dimensions where xi, j = f (ti, j ) and

(t + 1)9 (t + 2)7
0≤t <3




 t +3
f (t) = sin(πt)
3≤t <6
t +1




0 otherwise.

Note that xi, j and ti, j denote the (i, j)th element of x and t, respectively. Your code is not permitted to use any conditional
statements (such as if statements) or looping constructs (such as for or while statements). Recall that, in MATLAB, an
ellipsis (i.e., “...”) must be used to continue a statement onto the next line. Your code must use proper indentation and
must not be excessively long. Be sure to use correct syntax in your answer, since syntax clearly matters here. [3 marks]

Line # Line of Code

10

11

12

13

14

15
ECE260 (Continuous-Time Signals and Systems); A01, A02
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Question 6. A system H is characterized by the equation H x(t) = Ax3 (t) + B, where A and B are real constants. The
function x1 (t) = −1 is an eigenfunction of H with eigenvalue λ1 = −9, and the function x2 (t) = 2 is an eigenfunction of H
with eigenvalue λ2 = 9. Find A and B. [5 marks]

END