SOLAR BASED SMART PLANT WATERING SYSTEM

PROJECT GUIDED BY : PRESENTED BY:

Prof. Deva Nand Patel KANISHKA VERMA (20104142002)
HOD (ECE Department) PRABHAT KUMAR (21104142913)
ADITYA CHAUHAN (20104142003)
GEC, KISHANGANJ SOMI SAURABH (21104142914)
(ECE Department)
2020-24
 CONTENTS

• PROJECT OBJECTIVE

• LITERATURE REVIEW

• INTRODUCTION

• WORKING

• BLOCK DIAGRAM

• FLOW CHART

• SIMULATION

• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

• COMPONENTS REQUIRED

• ADVANTAGES

• PROJECT APPLICATIONS

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

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 PROJECT OBJECTIVE
• As many people are facing a lot of problem in watering the plants in the garden, especially when they are away from
home. This model uses sensor technologies with microcontrollers to make a smart switching device that helps
millions of people.

• System is programmed in such a way that the soil moisture sensor senses the moisture level from the plant at a
particular instance of time, if the moisture level of the sensor is less than the specified value of threshold which is
predefined according to the particular plant than the desired amount of water is supplied to plant till its moisture level
reaches to the predefined threshold value.

• The power supply is connected to the solar panel to charge the power supply(battery). The solar panel will rotate
according to the intensity of the sunlight which will be detected by Light Dependent Resistors(LDR).

• System involves moisture sensor which keep tracks the current moisture level of the system and has an influence
when watering happens. Relay will control the water flow in the system, when Arduino reads value from moisture
sensor, it triggers the relay according to the desired condition.

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 LITERATURE REVIEW

• The papers related to our topic “Solar Based Smart Plant Watering System" by different authors gives a
detailed study on the integration of renewable energy and automation in modern agriculture. This emphasizes
the growing need for sustainable irrigation systems to address water scarcity and energy inefficiencies in
traditional farming practices. Our project explores how Arduino microcontrollers, combined with soil moisture
sensors and solar power, can automate the irrigation process, ensuring plants receive water only when
necessary.

• These systems are scalable, and contribute to sustainable farming practices if operated at large scale. The
benefits of integrating IoT technologies with renewable energy to create smart farming solutions or even
watering plants at our homes , addressing both resource management and energy efficiency.

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 INTRODUCTION

Solar energy is the most abundant source of energy in the world. Solar power energy is not only an answer to
today’s energy crisis but also an environmental friendly form of energy.

Our aim is to develop rotational solar panel which convert light energy into electrical energy and from the power
generated by the solar panel and power is provided in a smart watering system which senses the soil moisture and
automatically provide water to the plant if required.

This system is designed to be energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, and adaptable to different agricultural
settings, from small-scale home gardens to expansive farmlands. Using a solar panel as the primary energy
source ensures that the system can function independently of conventional power supplies, making it ideal for
remote or off-grid areas.

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 WORKING
❑ The project is designed to develop an smart plant watering system which switches the pump motor ON/OFF
on sensing the moisture content of the soil.

❑ The project uses ARDUINO UNO R3 which is programmed to receive the input signal from the moisture
sensor.

❑ Once the controller receives signal, it generated the output that drives the relay for operating the water pump.

❑ This whole system uses solar power for proper functioning.

❑ The solar panel also uses an single-axis solar tracking system for rotation.

❑ The solar panel uses two LDRs(Light Dependent Resistors) sensors to detect the position of sun in the sky.

❑ Once the position of the sun is determined, the tracker adjusts the orientation of the solar panels accordingly.

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CONTINUED…

❑ This adjustment is typically achieved through an electric servo motor.

❑ The solar panel collects the sunlight and convert it into electrical energy, which is typically in the form of
direct current (DC).

❑ A rechargeable battery is used to regulate the flow of electricity throughout the system.

❑ It contains a charge controller which prevent the battery to overcharge and also ensures efficient charging.

❑ Battery stores the excess electricity generated during the day for the use when sunlight is not available, such
as at night or during cloudy weather.

❑ When electricity is needed, such as during the evening or when demand exceeds current generation, the stored
energy is retrieved from the battery system.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

SOIL
MOISTURE
SOLAR PANEL SERVO MOTOR SENSOR

SUNLIGHT

LIGHT RELAY
ARDUINO
DEPENDENT
UNO
SENSOR(LDRs)
CHARGE
CONTROLLER

BATTERY WATER PUMP OUTPUT

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 FLOW CHART
START Initialize the System

SENSE THE MOISTURE LEVEL Read Values from LDRs

TRANSMIT THE SENSOR DATA

Val1 –Val2
<= tolerance
Yes

No
IF NO
MOIST
<250 No Yes
Val2 –Val1 Motor will rotate the
<= tolerance solar panel
YES

ON THE MOTOR

END
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SIMULATION

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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 COMPONENTS REQUIRED

Arduino Uno Soil Moisture Sensor Servo Motor

Arduino Uno is an Soil moisture sensors It is an

electronic platform with usually refer to sensors electromechanical
a microcontroller board that estimate volumetric device which converts
and integrated water content. digital inputs into shaft
development The function of this rotation.
environment which is sensor is used to sense To rotate the servo
provided by Arduino the content of the motor, a signal is
Project based on a moisture of the soil. provided to its control
programming language pin.
called processing.

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CONTINUED…

Solar Panel LDR Sensor Relay

Solar Panel is a device LDR (Light Dependent Relay is an electrically

used to convert the Resistor) is a special type operated device. Here in
sunlight and of resistor that works on this project it is used to
temperature directly to the photoconductivity control the operation of
electrical power. principle means that the water pump.
resistance changes
according to the
intensity of light.

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 SOFTWARE COMPONENTS

ARDUINO IDE:-
• The Arduino IDE is a software platform use for programming
Arduino microcontroller

• Programming is based on C and C++ .

TINKERCAD:-
• It is a online platform for 3D design and simulation of electronics projects.
• It is user friendly and easy to design circuits using internal equipment’s library which includes various
component used for project designing and compilation.

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 ADVANTAGES

➢ Low Cost and Reliable Circuit.

➢ Less Manpower Required.
➢ System can be switched into manual mode whenever required.
➢ Mainly to eliminate hazards.

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 PROJECT APPLICATIONS

➢ Irrigation in Field.
➢ Irrigation in park & gardens.
➢ Water Sprinklers.

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 CONCLUSION

• An Solar based Smart Plant Watering System using Arduino is designed in this project. The prototype of the
model worked properly when tested on different soils.

• The components that we use in the system are readily available and easy to operate. Thus, this system acts as
an efficient method of watering plants. It is far better than the manual watering process for plants which
requires a lot of time.

• The future work of the system can include the addition of temperature sensors and a more powerful motor to
pump water to the fields. Thus, the large-scale implementation of the project can also be done.

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 REFERENCES
Journal Articles:

• Author: Saleh Elkelani Babaa ,Shahid Ali Khan , John Regan Pillai. Article Name: Smart Irrigation System using Arduino
with Solar Power from IJERT website:[www.ijert.org]

• Author: Man Zhang, Minzan Li, Weizhen Wang and Chunhong Liu. Article Name: Temporal and spatial variability of
soil moisture based on WSN website:[www.researchgate.net]

• Author: Joaquin Gutiérrez, Villa-Medina, A. Nieto Garibay and Porta-Gándara. Article Name: Automated Irrigation
System Using a Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS Module website:[https://ieeeprojects.eminents.in]

• Author: B. Balaji Bhanu, Md. Ali Hussain, Prasad Ande . Article Name: Monitoring of soil parameters for effective
irrigation website:[www.researchgate.net]

• Author: Fiona Regan, Joyce O’Grady, Ciprian Briciu. Author Name: Catchment-Based Water Monitoring Using a
Hierarchy of Sensor Types website:[www.researchgate.net]

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Thank you

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